Claymation: The Forgotten Art… Ko Shin?
Don haka kuna so ku fara da claymation ko wataƙila kuna sha'awar abin da ake nufi da claymation.
Claymation hade ne na "laka" da "animation" wanda Will Vinton ya kirkira. Dabarar ce da ke amfani da yumbu, da sauran su m kayan, don ƙirƙirar al'amuran da haruffa. Ana matsar da su tsakanin kowane firam yayin da ake ɗaukar hoto don ƙirƙirar ruɗin motsi. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi dakatar da daukar hoto.
Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za ku iya yi da gani tare da yumbu, daga wasan kwaikwayo zuwa wasan kwaikwayo zuwa ban tsoro, kuma a cikin wannan labarin, zan gaya muku duka game da shi.
A cikin wannan sakon za mu rufe:
Menene claymation
Claymation wani nau'in motsi ne na tsayawa-motsi inda duk ɓangarorin raye-raye an yi su da wani abu mara nauyi, yawanci yumbu. Tsarin yin fim ɗin yumbu ya haɗa da dakatar da ɗaukar hoto, inda kowane firam ɗin ke kama ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Ana matsar da batun dan kadan tsakanin kowane firam don ƙirƙirar ruɗin motsi.
Claymation sananne ne saboda ana iya amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar haruffa da saituna iri-iri. Hakanan yana da sauƙin ƙirƙirar fina-finai na yumbu, yana mai da shi mashahurin zaɓi ga masu yin fina-finai masu zaman kansu.
Dakatar da motsin motsi wani nau'in raye-raye ne wanda ke amfani da hotunan abubuwan zahiri don ƙirƙirar ruɗin motsi. Tare da yumbu, waɗannan abubuwan an yi su ne da yumbu ko wasu kayan da za a iya jujjuya su.
Don haka dabarar da ke bayan duka biyu iri ɗaya ce. Tsaya motsi kawai yana nufin mafi girman nau'in rayarwa, inda claymation nau'in motsi ne kawai.
Nau'in raye-rayen yumbu
Tsarin kyauta: Freeform yana daya daga cikin nau'in yumbu da aka fi amfani dashi. Tare da wannan hanyar yumbu yana canzawa daga siffa ɗaya zuwa sabon nau'i gaba ɗaya.
Maye gurbin motsin rai: Ana amfani da wannan dabarar don raya yanayin fuskokin haruffa. Ana yin sassa daban-daban na fuska daban sannan a sake sanya su a kai don bayyana hadaddun motsin rai da maganganu. A cikin sabbin abubuwan samarwa waɗannan sassa masu musanya ana buga 3D kamar a cikin fasalin fim ɗin Coraline.
Strata-Cut Animation: Strata-cut animation wani hadadden nau'in fasaha ne na claymation. Don wannan hanya an yanke hump na yumbu a cikin zanen gado na bakin ciki. Hump din kanta ya ƙunshi hotuna daban-daban a ciki. A lokacin raye-rayen an bayyana hotunan da ke ciki.
Zanen yumbu: Zanen laka ya ƙunshi motsin yumbu a kan zane mai lebur. Tare da wannan fasaha za ku iya ƙirƙirar kowane nau'in hotuna. Kamar zanen yumbu ne.
Farawa da naku allunan labarin motsi na tsayawa
Biyan kuɗi zuwa wasiƙarmu kuma sami zazzagewarku kyauta tare da allunan labarai uku. Fara da kawo labaran ku da rai!
Za mu yi amfani da adireshin imel ɗin ku kawai don wasiƙun labarai kuma mu girmama ku tsare sirri
Narkar da yumbu: Wannan ya fi kama da bambancin ra'ayi na claymation. Ana sanya yumbu a kusa da tushen zafi wanda ke sa yumbu ya narke, yayin da ake yin fim a kyamara.
Claymation a cikin Blender
Ba dabara ce da gaske ba amma aikin da nake matukar sha'awar shi shine ƙarawa na Blender “Claymation” don ƙirƙirar raye-rayen tasha-motsi. Ɗaya daga cikin fasalulluka shine cewa zaku iya ƙirƙirar yumbu daga abubuwan Pencil ɗin man shafawa.
Tarihin claymation
Claymation yana da dogon tarihi iri-iri, tun daga shekara ta 1897, lokacin da aka ƙirƙira yumɓu mai yuwuwa, ƙirar mai da ake kira "plasticine".
Amfani da fasaha na farko shine The Sculptor's Nightmare , wanda ya yi nasara a zaben shugaban kasa na 1908. A cikin wasan karshe na fim ɗin, tulun yumbu a kan tudu ya zo rayuwa, yana misaltuwa cikin bust na Teddy Roosevelt.
Saurin ci gaba zuwa shekarun 1970. Masu raye-raye irin su Willis O'Brien da Ray Harryhausen ne suka ƙirƙira fina-finan na ƙera na farko, waɗanda suka yi amfani da yumbu don ƙirƙirar jerin motsin motsi don raye-rayen fina-finan su. A cikin 1970s, an fara amfani da claymation sosai a cikin tallace-tallacen talabijin da bidiyon kiɗa.
A cikin 1988, Will Vinton's claymation film "The Adventures of Mark Twain" ya lashe lambar yabo ta Academy for Best Animated Short Film. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ana amfani da yumbu a cikin fina-finai daban-daban, nunin TV, da tallace-tallace.
Will Vinton ne ya ƙirƙira kalmar "Claymation" a cikin 1970s. An dauke shi daya daga cikin majagaba na claymation, kuma fim dinsa "The Adventures of Mark Twain" ana daukarsa a matsayin classic a cikin nau'in.
Menene hali na claymation na farko?
Halin yumbu na farko wata halitta ce mai suna Gumby, wacce Art Clokey ya kirkira a cikin 1950s.
Yadda ake yin claymation
raye-rayen Clay wani nau'i ne na motsin motsa jiki ta hanyar amfani da adadi na yumbu da fage waɗanda za a iya sake sanya su a wurare daban-daban. Yawancin yumbu mai lalacewa, kamar filastik, ana amfani dashi don yin haruffa.
Ana iya siffata yumbu da kansa ko kuma a yi shi a kusa da kwarangwal na waya, wanda aka sani da armatures. Da zarar siffar yumbu ta cika, sai a yi fim ɗin ta firam ɗin kamar wani abu ne na gaske, yana haifar da motsi mai kama da rai.
Tsarin yin fim ɗin claymation
Tsarin yin fim ɗin yumbu yakan haɗa da dakatar da daukar hoto, inda kowane firam ɗin ke kama ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Dole ne masu yin fim su ƙirƙira kowane hali da saiti. Sannan kuma motsa su don haifar da ruɗin motsi.
Sakamakon shine samarwa na musamman inda har yanzu abubuwa suke rayuwa.
Samar da claymation
Tsayawa motsi wani nau'in yin fim ne mai wahala sosai. Filayen fina-finai yawanci suna da ƙimar firam 24 a sakan daya.
Za a iya harba raye-rayen akan "waɗanda" ko "biyu". Harba wasan kwaikwayo akan “waɗanda” shine ainihin harbin firam 24 a sakan daya. Tare da harbi akan "biyu" kuna ɗaukar hoto don kowane firam biyu, don haka firam 12 ne a cikin daƙiƙa guda.
Yawancin fina-finai na fina-finai ana yin su a 24fps ko 30fps akan "biyu".
Shahararrun fina-finai na claymation
An yi amfani da claymation a cikin fina-finai daban-daban, nunin TV, da tallace-tallace. Wasu daga cikin fitattun fina-finan da aka fi sani da yumbu sun haɗa da:
- Nightmare Kafin Kirsimeti (1993)
- Gudun kaji (2000)
- ForNorman (2012)
- Wallace da Gromit: La'anar Were-Zomo (2005)
- Coraline (2009)
- California Raisins (1986)
- Kashin biri (2001)
- Gumby: Fim (1995)
- 'Yan fashin teku! A cikin Kasada tare da Masana Kimiyya! (2012)
Shahararrun gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na yumbu
Lokacin da kake tunani game da claymation, manyan mashahuran ɗakuna biyu sun zo hankali. Laika da Aardman Animations.
Laika yana da tushen sa a cikin Will Vinton Studios, kuma a cikin 2005, Will Vinton Studios an sake masa suna Laika. An san ɗakin studio don ƙirƙirar fina-finai kamar Coraline, ParaNorman, Race mahada da The Boxtrolls.
Aardman Animations wani gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Biritaniya wanda aka sani don amfani da dabarun motsi na tsayawa da yumbu. Suna da babban jerin jerin fina-finai da jerin abubuwa, gami da Shaun Tumaki, Gudun Chicken, da Wallace da Grommit.
Shahararrun raye-rayen yumbu
- Art Clokey shine mafi sani ga Gumby Show (1957) da Gumby: Fim (1995)
- Joan Carol Gratz an fi saninta da ɗan gajeren fim ɗinta mai raye-rayen Mona Lisa Saukowar Matakai
- Peter Lord Producer kuma co-kafa Aardman Animations, wanda aka fi sani da Wallace da Gromit.
- Garri Bardin, wanda aka fi sani da zane mai ban dariya na Fioritures (1988)
- Nick Park, wanda aka fi sani da Wallace da Gromit, Shaun the Sheep, da Chicken Run
- Will Vinton, wanda aka fi sani da Rufe Litinin (1974), Komawa zuwa Oz (1985)
Makomar claymation
Claymation sanannen fasaha ce ta wasan raye-raye wacce ta kasance sama da ƙarni guda. Yayin da ta ji daɗin sake farfadowa a cikin farin jini a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai wasu da suka yi imanin cewa yumbu na iya kusan ƙarewa.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin da ke fuskantar yumbura shine ƙara shaharar abubuwan raye-rayen da ke haifar da kwamfuta. Claymation yana fuskantar babban yaƙi a fafatawa da wasan kwaikwayo na CGI. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin yin fim ɗin yumbu sau da yawa yana jinkiri kuma yana da aiki sosai, wanda zai iya sa ya zama da wahala a yi gasa tare da sauri, mafi kyawun fina-finai na CGI.
Duk da haka, akwai wasu da suka yi imani cewa claymation har yanzu yana da wuri a cikin duniyar rayarwa. Claymation wani matsakaici ne na musamman kuma mai dacewa wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar haruffa da saitunan ta hanya ta musamman.
Karshe kalmomi
Claymation fasaha ce ta musamman kuma mai nishadi wacce za a iya amfani da ita don ƙirƙirar labarai da haruffa masu ban sha'awa. Duk da yake yana iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci don kammala fasahar yumbu, samfurin ƙarshe na iya zama da darajar ƙoƙarin. Ana iya amfani da claymation don ba da labari ta hanyar da babu wata hanyar sadarwa da za ta iya, kuma yana iya zama mai ban sha'awa ga yara da manya.
Barka dai, Ni Kim, mahaifiya ce kuma mai sha'awar tsayawa motsi tare da kwarewa a ƙirƙirar kafofin watsa labarai da haɓaka yanar gizo. Ina da sha'awar zane da raye-raye, kuma yanzu na fara nutsewa a cikin duniyar tasha-motsi. Tare da bulogi na, Ina raba abubuwan da na koya tare da ku mutane.
