Claymation: The Forgotten Art…Ai ʻole ʻO ia?
No laila makemake ʻoe e hoʻomaka me ka claymation a i ʻole ʻoe e ʻimi wale nei i ke ʻano o ka claymation.
ʻO Claymation ka hui pū ʻana o ka "palolo" a me "animation" i haku ʻia e Will Vinton. He ʻenehana ia e hoʻohana ai i ka pālolo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe mea pliable, e hana nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā kiʻi. Hoʻoneʻe ʻia lākou ma waena o kēlā me kēia kiʻi i ke kiʻi ʻia e hana i ka hoʻopunipuni o ka neʻe. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻopau i ke kiʻi kiʻi.
Nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana a ʻike me ka claymation, mai nā hana keaka a hiki i ka weliweli, a ma kēia ʻatikala, e haʻi aku wau iā ʻoe e pili ana ia mea.
Ma kēia pou e uhi mākou:
- 1 He aha ka claymation
- 2 Nā ʻano hana pālolo
- 3 Ka moolelo o ka lepo
- 4 Pehea i hana ʻia ai ka claymation
- 5 ʻO ke kaʻina hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation
- 6 Kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymations kaulana
- 7 Nā hale hoʻolālā pālolo kaulana
- 8 Mea hoʻolalelale kaulana
- 9 ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka claymation
- 10 Nā'ōlelo hope
He aha ka claymation
ʻO ka Claymation kahi ʻano hana hoʻomaha hoʻoneʻe kahi i hana ʻia ai nā ʻāpana animated me kahi mea malleable, maʻamau ka pālolo. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hana ʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation e pili ana i ke kiʻi hoʻoneʻe ʻana, kahi e hopu ʻia ai kēlā me kēia kiʻi i ka manawa. Hoʻoneʻe iki ʻia ke kumuhana ma waena o kēlā me kēia kiʻi e hana i ka hoʻopunipuni o ka neʻe.
Kaulana ʻo Claymation no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā hoʻonohonoho. He mea maʻalahi hoʻi ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation, e lilo ia i koho kaulana no nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka hana hoʻomaha hoʻoneʻe he ʻano hana hoʻohana e hoʻohana i nā kiʻi o nā mea honua maoli e hana i ka hoʻopunipuni o ka neʻe. Me ka pālolo, ua hana ʻia kēlā mau mea me ka pālolo a i ʻole nā mea palolo ʻē aʻe.
No laila ua like ka ʻenehana ma hope o nā mea ʻelua. ʻO ka hoʻomaha ʻana e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana ākea o ka animation, kahi ʻano claymation kahi ʻano o ka hoʻoneʻe hoʻomaha.
Nā ʻano hana pālolo
ʻAno kūʻokoʻa: ʻO ka Freeform kekahi o nā ʻano ʻano claymation i hoʻohana nui ʻia. Me kēia ʻano, hoʻololi ʻia ka pālolo mai kahi ʻano i kahi ʻano hou loa.
Hoʻololi hou ʻia: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻenehana no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona helehelena o nā kiʻi. Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka maka a laila kau hou ʻia ma ke poʻo e hōʻike i nā manaʻo paʻakikī a me nā ʻōlelo. Ma nā hana hou aku, ua paʻi ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana hoʻololi e like me ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Coraline.
ʻO ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Strata-Cut: He ʻano hana kiʻi paʻakikī o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o Strata-cut animation. No kēia ʻano hana, ʻoki ʻia kahi hump o ka pālolo i loko o nā ʻāpana lahilahi. Aia i loko o ka puʻu nā kiʻi like ʻole. I ka wā o ka animation e hōʻike ʻia nā kiʻi i loko.
Pena palolo: ʻO ke kiʻi pālolo ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka pālolo ma ke kāwele pālahalaha. Me kēia ʻenehana hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā ʻano kiʻi āpau. Ua like ia me ka pena me ka palolo.
E hoʻomaka me kāu mau papa moʻolelo hoʻomaha
E kau inoa i kā mākou nūpepa a loaʻa i kāu hoʻoiho manuahi me ʻekolu papa moʻolelo. E hoʻomaka me ka lawe ola ʻana i kāu mau moʻolelo!
E hoʻohana wale mākou i kāu leka uila no kā mākou leka uila a mahalo iā ʻoe pilikino
Ka hoʻoheheʻe pālolo: ʻOi aku kēia me kahi ʻano hoʻololi o ka claymation. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pālolo ma kahi kokoke i kahi kumu wela e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka pālolo, ʻoiai e paʻi ʻia ana ma ke kāmela.
ʻO ka Claymation ma ka Blender
ʻAʻole ia he ʻenehana akā he papahana aʻu e hauʻoli nui nei ʻo ia ka Blender "Claymation" add-on no ka hana ʻana i ke ʻano hana hoʻomaha. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka pālolo mai nā mea Grease Pencil.
Ka moolelo o ka lepo
He moʻolelo lōʻihi a ʻano like ʻole ʻo Claymation, mai ka makahiki 1897, i ka wā i hana ʻia ai kahi pālolo hoʻohālike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka aila i kapa ʻia ʻo "plasticine".
ʻO ka hoʻohana mua loa ʻana o ka ʻenehana ʻo The Sculptor's Nightmare, kahi spoof ma ke koho pelekikena 1908. I ka pahu hope loa o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ua ola ka pāpaʻi pālolo ma luna o kahi paepae, e hoʻololi ana i loko o kahi puʻupuʻu o Teddy Roosevelt.
Holo wikiwiki i ka makahiki 1970. Ua hana ʻia nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation mua e nā mea animator e like me Willis O'Brien lāua ʻo Ray Harryhausen, nāna i hoʻohana i ka pālolo e hana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaha no kā lākou kiʻiʻoniʻoni ola. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka claymation i nā pāʻoihana televise a me nā wikiō mele.
I ka makahiki 1988, ua lanakila 'o Will Vinton's claymation film "The Adventures of Mark Twain" i ka makana Academy no ka Best Animated Short Film. Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka claymation i nā ʻano kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā hōʻike TV, a me nā pāʻoihana.
Ua haku ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "Claymation" e Will Vinton i ka makahiki 1970. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā paionia o ka claymation, a ʻo kāna kiʻiʻoniʻoni "The Adventures of Mark Twain" i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano maʻamau i ke ʻano.
He aha ke ano claymation mua?
ʻO ke ʻano claymation mua he mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Gumby, i hana ʻia e Art Clokey i nā makahiki 1950.
Pehea i hana ʻia ai ka claymation
ʻO ka pālolo pālolo kahi ʻano hana hoʻomaha hoʻomaha me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi pālolo a me nā hiʻohiʻona hiki ke hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia i nā poses like ʻole. Hoʻohana maʻamau ka pālolo malleable, e like me ka plasticine, e hana i nā kiʻi.
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka pālolo nona iho a i hana ʻia a puni nā iwi uea, i kapa ʻia ʻo armatures. Ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kiʻi pālolo, a laila paʻi ʻia ia i ke kiʻi ʻia i kēlā me kēia kiʻi me he mea lā he mea ola maoli, e hopena i kahi neʻe ola.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation ka mea maʻamau e hoʻopau i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, kahi e hopu ʻia ai kēlā me kēia kiʻi i ka manawa.
Pono nā mea hana kiʻi e hana i kēlā me kēia ʻano a me nā hoʻonohonoho. A laila hoʻoneʻe iā lākou e hana i ka illusion o ka neʻe.
ʻO ka hopena he hana kūʻokoʻa kahi e ola mau ai nā mea.
Iecaianoaaiiuo o claymation
ʻO ka hoʻomaha ʻana he ʻano hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Loaʻa i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni hiʻona he 24 kiʻi i kēlā me kēia kekona.
Hiki ke pana ʻia ka animation ma "ones" a i ʻole "ʻelua". ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi animation ma luna o "ones" ʻo ia ke kī ʻana i 24 mau kiʻi i kekona. Me ka pana ʻana ma "ʻelua" e paʻi ʻoe i ke kiʻi no kēlā me kēia papa ʻelua, no laila he 12 mau papa i kekona.
Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma 24 fps a i ʻole 30fps ma "ʻelua".
Kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymations kaulana
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Claymation i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni like ʻole, nā hōʻike TV, a me nā pāʻoihana. ʻO kekahi o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation kaulana loa:
- Paule nui
- Holo moa (2000)
- ParaNorman (2012)
- ʻO Wallace lāua ʻo Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005)
- Coraline (2009)
- ʻO nā hua waina Kaleponi (1986)
- Monkeybone (2001)
- ʻO Gumby: The Movie (1995)
- Na Pirates! Ma kahi huakaʻi me nā ʻepekema! (2012)
Nā hale hoʻolālā pālolo kaulana
Ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ka claymation, hiki mai ka manaʻo o nā studio kaulana ʻelua. Laika a me Aardman Animations.
Loaʻa iā Laika kona aʻa ma Will Vinton Studios, a i ka makahiki 2005, ua kapa hou ʻia ʻo Will Vinton Studios ʻo Laika. Ua ʻike ʻia ka studio no nā hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni e like me Coraline, ParaNorman, Missing link a me The Boxtrolls.
ʻO Aardman Animations kahi hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Pelekania i ʻike ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana stop-motion a me ka pālolo. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi papa inoa nui o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā moʻolelo, me Shaun the Sheep, Chicken Run, a me Wallace a me Grommit.
Mea hoʻolalelale kaulana
- ʻIke maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Art Clokey no The Gumby Show (1957) a me Gumby: The Movie (1995)
- Ua kaulana ʻo Joan Carol Gratz no kāna kiʻiʻoniʻoni pōkole ʻo Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase
- ʻO Peter Lord ka mea hana a me ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Aardman Animations, kaulana loa ʻo Wallace a me Gromit.
- ʻO Garri Bardin, ka mea i kaulana loa no ke kiʻi kiʻi Fioritures (1988)
- ʻO Nick Park, kaulana loa no Wallace a me Gromit, Shaun the Sheep, a me Chicken Run
- ʻO Will Vinton, ka mea i kaulana loa no nā Lāhina pani (1974), Return to Oz (1985)
ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka claymation
ʻO Claymation kahi ʻano hana hoʻonaninani kaulana i hoʻopuni ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli. ʻOiai ua loaʻa hou ka kaulana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, aia kekahi poʻe e manaʻoʻiʻo ana aia paha ka claymation ma ke ʻano o ka pau ʻana.
ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e kū nei i ka claymation ʻo ia ka piʻi ʻana o ka kaulana o ka animation i hana ʻia e kamepiula. Ke alo nei ʻo Claymation i kahi kaua piʻi i ka hoʻokūkū kūʻē ʻana i ka animation CGI. Eia hou, lohi a paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni claymation, hiki iā ia ke paʻakikī i ka hoʻokūkū me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni CGI ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi poʻe e manaʻoʻiʻo nei he wahi ka claymation i ka honua o ka animation. ʻO Claymation kahi mea kūʻokoʻa a me nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā huaʻōlelo a me nā hoʻonohonoho ma kahi ala kūʻokoʻa.
Nā'ōlelo hope
ʻO Claymation kahi ʻenehana hoʻonaninani kū hoʻokahi a leʻaleʻa hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā moʻolelo hoihoi a me nā kiʻi. ʻOiai paha e lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ke ʻano o ka claymation, hiki i ka huahana hope ke kūpono i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Claymation e haʻi i nā moʻolelo ma ke ʻano ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he mea leʻaleʻa loa ia no nā keiki a me nā pākeke.
Aloha ʻoe, ʻo wau ʻo Kim, he makuahine a he mea hoihoi hoʻi me ka ʻike i ka hana ʻana i ka media a me ka hoʻomohala pūnaewele. Nui koʻu makemake i ke kaha kiʻi a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a ke luʻu mua nei au i ka honua hoʻomaha. Me kaʻu blog, ke kaʻana nei au i kaʻu mau ʻike me ʻoukou.
