Qhov tob ntawm Field: Nws yog dab tsi hauv koob yees duab?
Qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw (DOF) yog cov txheej txheem yees duab uas tuaj yeem pab koj tsim cov duab nrog qee qhov pom kev zoo nkauj. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog khaws cov focal point nyob rau hauv ntse tsom thaum lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tshwm softer thiab blurrier.
Nws yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb kom nkag siab yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav kev thaij duab zoo nkauj.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav saib dab tsi DOF yog, nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab vim li cas nws tseem ceeb.
Hauv kab ntawv no peb yuav npog:
Qhov tob ntawm Field yog dab tsi?
Qhov tob ntawm daim teb, los yog DOF, yog hais txog qhov ntau ntawm qhov ua tau zoo nyob hauv ib daim duab. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas ntawm ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv kev tsom mus rau lub sijhawm twg los tau thiab tso cai rau cov kws yees duab los tsim kev nthuav dav thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yog thaj chaw uas cov khoom tshwm sim tau ntse, nrog txhua yam sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw no tshwm sim qhov muag plooj vim qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov chaw ua kom pom tseeb nce.
Raws li cov lus qhia, qhov tob ntawm thaj teb piav qhia qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob ze thiab deb qhov twg ib feem ntawm daim duab tseem tuaj yeem pom tau ntse. Ua piv txwv ib yam khoom uas nyob deb ntawm koj 10 feet: yog tias koj qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw yog 10 feet ces txhua yam hauv 10 ko taw yuav ua kom pom tseeb; yog tias koj qhov tob ntawm thaj teb yog 5 feet tsuas yog txhua yam ntawm 5-10 ko taw yuav ua kom pom tseeb; thiab yog tias koj qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw yog 1 ko taw, ces txhua yam hauv 1 ko taw yuav nyob twj ywm ntse thaum txhua yam yuav pom tsis pom lossis tsis pom.
Muaj ntau ntau yam uas cuam tshuam qhov tob ntawm thaj chaw xws li:
- Aperture loj (tseem hu ua f-stop)
- Focal ntev (Focal ntev feem ntau muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog DOF)
- Qhov deb ntawm qhov kev kawm (qhov ze koj mus rau ib yam dab tsi qhov ntiav koj DOF yuav dhau los).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog yuav ua li cas txhua yam cuam tshuam rau DOF kom koj tuaj yeem siv tau zoo thaum ntes cov duab.
Qhov tob ntawm Field ua haujlwm li cas?
Qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw (DOF) yog ib tug txheej txheem siv nyob rau hauv kev yees duab los tswj qhov ntau ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb, los yog qhov chaw ntawm cov duab tshwm nyob rau hauv kev tsom xam thiab qhov twg tsis. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev siv lub koob yees duab lub aperture los txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm lub teeb uas yuav tso cai los ntawm lub lens thiab mus rau cov duab sensor.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws parameter cuam tshuam qhov tob ntawm daim teb yog focal ntev. Raws li qhov no nce, DOF txo qis rau ib qho aperture muab - qhov ntev focal ntev yuav ua rau txawm tias me me apertures tsim qhov tob ntawm qhov tob tshaj qhov luv focal lengths; cov nyhuv no yuav ua kom meej meej thaum lub zog loj hlob tuaj.
Qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam, suav nrog:
Pib nrog koj tus kheej nres cov lus tsa suab storyboards
Sau npe yuav mus rau peb tsab ntawv xov xwm thiab tau txais koj dawb download nrog peb storyboards. Pib nrog coj koj cov dab neeg ciaj sia!
Peb tsuas yog siv koj li email chaw nyob rau peb tsab ntawv xov xwm thiab hwm koj tus kheej
- Kev ncua deb ntawm cov ncauj lus thiab keeb kwm yav dhau
- Kev ncua deb ntawm lub ntsiab lus thiab lub lens
- Lens hom
- Siv lub flash sab nraud
Txhua tus muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ntau npaum li cas yuav poob rau hauv kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm txhua qhov chaw aperture.
Txhawm rau ua kom pom cov duab ntse, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog cov ntsiab lus no thaum txiav txim siab muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab teeb tsa lub koob yees duab - tab sis thaum kawg nws yog nyob ntawm koj seb koj xav tau cov khoom nyob ze los yog nyob deb sib nrug ua ke nrog ntau theem ntawm kev ntse hauv ib lub thav duab!
Hom Depth of Field
Qhov tob ntawm Field (DOF) yog hais txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus ze tshaj plaws thiab qhov deb tshaj plaws hauv cov duab uas zoo li ua kom pom tseeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas txhua tus kws yees duab yuav tsum nkag siab thaum thaij duab, vim nws pab tsim cov duab zoo dua.
Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm Depth of Field: ntiav thiab Sib sib zog nqus. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob thiab sib tham thaum twg koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho ntawm lwm tus.
Qhov tob tob ntawm teb
Tsaus qhov tob, tseem hu ua "xaiv tsom xam'lossis luv qhov tob ntawm daim teb, yog qhov tshwm sim uas tshwm sim thaum tus kws yees duab xav kom lub keeb kwm yav dhau los tsis pom tseeb thiab cov ntsiab lus hauv kev ua kom pom tseeb. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub aperture lossis lens qhib rau nws qhov chaw dav tshaj plaws (qis tshaj f-nres) uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis pom kev. Ib qhov tob tob ntawm daim teb kuj pab tau cais ib yam ntawm nws ib puag ncig thiab kos xim rau nws.
Qhov tob tob ntawm daim teb tuaj yeem siv tau rau txhua qhov xwm txheej - qhov dav qhib dav lossis txoj hauv nroog nruj. Hom kev yees duab no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau portraiture, vim nws ua rau muaj kev xav zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam nyob ib puag ncig qhov kev kawm. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau toj roob hauv pes, architecture thiab khoom thaij duab ib yam nkaus.
Thaum tsim qhov tob tob ntawm daim duab duab muaj qee yam uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account:
- Ze los ntawm koj qhov kev kawm
- lub txheeb ze rau koj qhov kev kawm
- Lens focal ntev
- Aperture teeb tsa
- teeb pom kev zoo txhua yam cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cas cov ntsiab lus raug ntes hauv daim duab.
Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov ncauj lus ntse nrog cov keeb kwm tsis pom tseeb yuav tsum muaj kev sim nrog ntau cov tswv yim xws li siv lub kaum ntse ntse lo ntsiab muag rau thaj chaw loj lossis ntev lo ntsiab muag rau qhov chaw nruj dua. Tsis tas li ntawd tsom rau txawv deb ntawm koj qhov kev kawm yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv me ntsis yog li xyaum ua kom pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib meter thiab infinity kom txog rau thaum koj tau txais cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
Qhov tob tob ntawm teb
Qhov tob tob ntawm thaj teb tshwm sim thaum txhua yam nyob rau hauv tus ncej yog nyob rau hauv tsom los ntawm foreground mus rau tom qab. Cov nyhuv no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv a me me aperture, los yog f-stop, nyob rau hauv koj lub koob yees duab kom nqaim thaj chaw uas tsis nyob hauv tsom. Thaum siv lub aperture me me yuav txwv koj lub teeb pom kev zoo, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhaj tshuaj toj roob hauv pes lossis cov duab thaij duab uas koj xav tau ntau dua ntawm koj cov duab hauv kev tsom.
Nws ua haujlwm zoo thaum koj muaj ib yam khoom uas txav ze dua lossis ntxiv mus thiab koj tseem xav tau txhua yam ntawm koj txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv tsom txawm lawv taug kev los ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov tob tob ntawm thaj teb tuaj yeem siv rau khov ib qho kev ua xws li ib tug neeg khiav los yog ib tug noog ya thaum khaws txhua yam kom zoo nyob rau hauv tsom. Nyob ntawm tej yam xwm txheej ib puag ncig, kev ua tiav qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw yuav xav tau kaw lub lens mus rau f/16 thiab f/22 - yog li nws them nyiaj kom paub koj lub koob yees duab teeb tsa thiab siv lawv kom zoo!
Tej yam uas cuam tshuam qhov tob ntawm teb
Qhov tob ntawm daim teb yog ib lub tswv yim hais txog kev ntes cov duab nrog lub koob yees duab, thiab nws cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam. Cov xwm txheej no suav nrog hom lens koj siv, f-stop ntawm lub lens, focal ntev, thiab qhov deb ntawm qhov kev kawm los ntawm lub koob yees duab sensor. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov tob ntawm daim duab hauv ib daim duab, thiab kev nkag siab lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov kev txhaj tshuaj zoo.
Cia peb saib ntawm lawv txhua tus hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv:
- Hom lens koj siv
- F-nres ntawm lub lens
- Focal ntev
- Qhov deb ntawm qhov kev kawm los ntawm lub koob yees duab sensor
aperture
Qhov loj ntawm lub aperture koj xaiv yuav muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws rau koj tob ntawm daim teb. Aperture yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov qhib lub lens dav npaum li cas, thiab nws yog dab tsi cia lub teeb rau hauv lub koob yees duab. Lub aperture loj muab qhov tob tob ntawm thaj teb yog li tsuas yog koj qhov kev kawm nyob rau hauv kev tsom xam, thaum lub aperture me me tsim qhov tob dua kom koj tuaj yeem ntes tau ntau dua hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj qhov xwm txheej. Los ntawm kev kho qhov loj ntawm koj aperture - kuj hu ua nws f-nres - Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv kev ua kom pom tseeb thiab qhov twg poob ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb. Loj dua f-nres cov lej sawv cev me me apertures thaum me me f-nres cov lej sawv cev loj dua apertures.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov lo ntsiab muag tau tsim los muab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov sib txawv focal ntev xws li portrait lenses nrog ntev focal ntev muab qhov tob tob ntawm daim teb tshaj qhov dav dav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum siv lo ntsiab muag portrait, koj tuaj yeem khaws ntau yam khoom ua kom pom tseeb txawm tias qhib apertures dav dua los yog ua tiav qhov tob tob dua nrog cov duab zoo sib xws thaum siv me me lossis nruab nrab qhov qhib qhov qhib. Nrog kev siv qaij-hloov lo ntsiab muag uas ntxiv cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tswj hwm qhov kev xav tob tob, lub tswv yim no tseem ceeb dua.
Focal Ntev
Focal ntev yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw hauv kev yees duab. Focal ntev yog lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev pom lossis zoom ntau ntawm lub lens, feem ntau qhia hauv millimeters. Lub lens 50mm yog suav tias yog lub lens txheem, thiab lub lens dav dav muaj qhov ntev focal tsawg dua 35mm. Lub lens telephoto muaj focal ntev dua 85mm.
Qhov ntev ntawm qhov focal ntev, qhov nqaim lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov pom yuav yog - thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov tob yuav yog. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem pab tau thaum sim ua kom tiav kev sib cais los ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau los rau kev txhaj tshuaj ib leeg - portraits, piv txwv li. Hloov pauv, lub kaum sab xis dav yuav muaj qhov tob tob ntawm qhov chaw vim tias koj haum ntau rau hauv koj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj thiab yog li koj xav tau ntau qhov chaw hauv kev tsom.
Qhov luv koj focal ntev, lub slower koj shutter ceev yuav tsum tau uas tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem nrog lub koob yees duab co thiab qhov muag plooj teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj teeb meem yog tias koj lub shutter ceev tsis ceev txaus kom khov ib qho kev tawm suab tshwm sim hauv koj qhov xwm txheej zoo li cua tshuab ntoo lossis menyuam yaus khiav ncig.
Kawm Distance
Yam nrug deb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum nws los tswj cov tob ntawm daim teb hauv koj cov duab. Thaum koj txav lub koob yees duab los ze dua lossis deb ntawm koj qhov kev kawm, txawm tias qhov kev txav me ntsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov duab ntawm cov duab.
Feem ntau hais lus, yog tias koj txav koj lub koob yees duab ze rau ib qho kev kawm, nws yuav nce qhov tob ntawm daim teb thiab ua rau koj cov duab zoo li ntse thiab nkig. Hloov pauv, txav koj lub koob yees duab kom deb ntawm ib qho kev kawm yuav txo qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua kom cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab lub ntsiab tseem ceeb tshwm sim tawm ntawm kev tsom.
Siv qhov tob ntawm Field Creatively
Qhov tob ntawm Field (DOF) yog ib lub cuab yeej muaj tswv yim hauv kev yees duab uas tuaj yeem pab koj tswj ntau qhov kev ua kom pom tseeb hauv cov duab. Nws yog ib qho ntawm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los kos xim rau qee yam ntawm koj cov khoom.
Hauv seem no, peb yuav saib seb koj tuaj yeem siv li cas DOF coj cov duab nthuav ntxiv, los ntawm portraits mus rau toj roob hauv pes.
Tsim kom pom qhov muag plooj
Qhov tob ntawm daim teb yog cov txheej txheem kev yees duab uas pab ua kom pom tseeb rau koj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum qhov muag plooj tom qab, tsim cov duab zoo nkauj tag nrho ntawm lub neej thiab kev txav. Txoj kev no ua tiav nws txoj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev siv lub koob yees duab lub aperture los tswj lub teeb ntau npaum li cas nkag mus rau lub sensor, tig los tswj qhov dav lossis nqaim ntau npaum li cas ntawm kev tsom mus rau hauv daim duab.
Siv cov chaw no, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov keeb kwm yav dhau los nrog cov bokeh zoo nkauj uas qhuas koj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Thaum thaij duab nrog qhov muag plooj, feem ntau cov kws tshaj lij yuav teeb tsa lawv lub koob yees duab siv aperture qhov tseem ceeb hom nrog ib tug dav qhib aperture xws li f/1.4 los yog f/2.8. Nrog rau qhov teeb tsa no, txhua yam tom qab thiab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm koj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog sab nraud ntawm lub dav hlau qhov tob thiab yuav tsis pom tseeb lossis qhov muag plooj thaum pom hauv daim duab.
Muaj cov chaw tsim nyog rau qhov tob ntawm thaj teb tuaj yeem ntxiv cov khoom muaj tswv yim xws li lens flares thiab lwm yam kev ua yeeb yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm kev yees duab.
Los ntawm kev teeb tsa koj lub koob yees duab lo ntsiab muag los tsim qhov tob tob ntawm thaj chaw thaum tua cov duab koj tam sim no tuaj yeem cais cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj cov duab thaum qhia cov neeg saib seb koj xav kom lawv pom dab tsi - cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes! Raws li cov kws yees duab txuas ntxiv paub txog lawv cov khoom siv tes ua thiab siv cov chaw no ntau zaus dhau sijhawm, lawv yuav nco ntsoov tuaj nrog txoj hauv kev tshiab los ua kom pom tseeb qhov muag plooj thiab nthuav tawm tswv yim rau hauv txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj!
Isolating Lub Ntsiab Lus
Qhov tob ntawm daim teb yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom ze tshaj plaws thiab qhov deb tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim hauv qhov pom zoo kom pom tseeb hauv daim duab. Thaum koj siv qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw muaj tswv yim, koj tuaj yeem ua tau cais ib yam ntawm nws ib puag ncig. Ob lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog aperture thiab focal ntev.
Lub focal ntev ntev ua rau qhov tob tob ntawm thaj tsam thiab tsis muab ntau qhov kev cais tawm ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig. Lub lens wide-angle, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj ntau dua qhov tob ntawm qhov tso cai kom muaj ntau qhov kev cais cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws keeb kwm yav dhau thiab lwm yam khoom cuam tshuam hauv kev tsom.
Qhov loj aperture teeb (feem ntau f/1.8 los yog f/2) yuav pab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no uas cais koj qhov kev kawm los ntawm nws keeb kwm yav dhau los los ntawm kev ua kom nws ntse dua txhua yam tom qab nws - muab qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv rau koj qhov kev kawm thaum them nyiaj tsawg dua rau txhua yam uas nyob ib puag ncig nws. Lub mid-range lens nrog phau ntawv tsom (f/2.8 yog qhov zoo tagnrho) yuav ntxiv cov nyhuv no yog tias siv ua ke nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo xws li flash lossis tsom iav tsom iav uas pab sib txawv cov ntsiab lus nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom raug yees duab thiab muab kev tswj hwm ntau dua ntawm teeb pom kev zoo.
Daim ntawv thaij duab no muab cov kws yees duab tswj hwm lawv cov duab los ntawm qhov muag tsis pom lossis npog cov ntsiab lus uas tshem tawm ntawm qhov yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb - feem ntau ua rau muaj kev xav nrog cov ntsiab lus uas tau hais tawm uas tau raug cais tawm zoo yam tsis muaj kev cog qoob loo ncaj qha!
Siv qhov tob ntawm teb los qhia ib zaj dab neeg
Siv lub qhov tob ntiav ntawm teb qhia ib zaj dab neeg yog ib qho cuab yeej zoo kawg nkaus uas pom tau tias tso cai rau cov neeg saib kom tsom mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov duab. Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem no, cov kws yees duab tuaj yeem nyiam cov ntsiab lus hauv daim duab, tsim cov duab ntxim nyiam thiab muaj tswv yim uas nyiam cov neeg saib.
Piv txwv li, tus kws yees duab tuaj yeem xaiv los siv qhov tob tob ntawm qhov chaw rau kev txhaj tshuaj portrait thiaj li ua rau qhov muag plooj thiab ua kom tus neeg lub ntsej muag nyob hauv. ntse tsom. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau tus neeg saib lub qhov muag tam sim ntawd rub mus rau tus neeg qhov kev qhia, uas txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xav hauv daim duab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum thaij duab cov neeg ua haujlwm lossis cov neeg koom nrog qee yam (ua haujlwm lossis kev ua haujlwm).
Lwm qhov piv txwv tuaj yeem yog siv qhov tob tob ntawm qhov chaw thaum thaij duab toj roob hauv pes lossis nroog toj roob hauv pes. Los ntawm qhov muag plooj hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, cov kws yees duab tuaj yeem hais txog cov ntsiab lus uas nyob hauv lawv qhov kev tsom xam thiab pab tsim kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua los ntawm cov neeg saib lub qhov muag nyob ib ncig ntawm tus ncej. Cov kws yees duab kuj tuaj yeem xaiv siv cov txheej txheem no thaum muaj cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam tom qab lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Bluring cov no tam sim ntawd yuav ua rau lawv cov ntsiab lus sawv tawm zoo dua yog tias nws raug tua nrog txhua yam hauv kev ua kom pom tseeb.
Txawm siv tob dof (loj aperture) yog ntau dua rau cov kws yees duab toj roob hauv pes vim nws muaj peev xwm khaws tag nrho cov khoom pem hauv ntej thiab cov keeb kwm yav dhau los kom pom tseeb thiab pom thaum ua ke nrog kev nthuav tawm ntev, muaj qee qhov kev paub txog thaum twg thiab qhov twg nws tuaj yeem siv tau yog qhov tseem ceeb txawm tias hom kev yees duab koj xyaum txij li nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo heev rau ib hnub ua ib qho cuab yeej ntxiv uas pab coj tawm koj txoj kev muaj tswv yim ntxiv!
xaus
Los ntawm kev nkag siab tob ntawm daim teb, koj tuaj yeem tswj tau cov txiaj ntsig thiab coj kom zoo dua ntawm lub sijhawm muaj tswv yim uas nws muaj. Qhov tob ntawm daim teb cuam tshuam li cas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sawv tawm ntawm nws ib puag ncig, yog li nws cia koj txiav txim siab seb lo ntsiab muag koj xav tau thiab yuav ua li cas nrog lawv. Paub txog tob ntawm daim teb kuj tseem pab koj kho koj qhov chaw thiab koj qhov chaw tua, kom koj tuaj yeem ntes cov duab uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsim cov duab zoo nkauj dua.
Nyob zoo, Kuv yog Kim, niam thiab ib tus neeg nyiam nres nrog keeb kwm yav dhau los hauv kev tshaj tawm thiab kev txhim kho lub vev xaib. Kuv muaj kev mob siab rau kev kos duab thiab kev ua yeeb yam, thiab tam sim no kuv tab tom dhia taub hau ua ntej mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb nres. Nrog rau kuv qhov blog, Kuv tabtom qhia kuv cov kev kawm nrog koj.
