Omimi nke Ubi: Kedu ihe ọ dị na igwefoto?
Omimi nke ubi (DOF) bụ usoro foto nke nwere ike inyere gị aka ịmepụta onyonyo nwere mmetụta ọhụụ dị egwu. Ebumnuche ya bụ idobe ihe Ebe a na-elekwasị anya na nlebara anya dị nkọ ebe ihe ndị dị n'azụ na-apụta dị nro ma na-enwu enwu.
Ọ bụ echiche dị mkpa ịghọta ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ ịse foto ndị mara mma.
N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-ele anya ihe DOF bụ, otú o si arụ ọrụ, na ihe mere o ji dị mkpa.
Na post a anyị ga -ekpuchi:
Kedu ihe bụ omimi nke ubi?
Omimi nke ala, ma ọ bụ DOF, na-ezo aka n'ogo ịdị nkọ anabatara n'ime onyonyo. Enwere ike iji nke a chọpụta ole ihe nkiri na-elekwasị anya n'oge ọ bụla ma na-enye ndị na-ese foto aka ịmepụta ihe ndị na-adọrọ mmasị ma dị irè. N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, ọ bụ mpaghara ebe ihe na-egosi na ọ dị nkọ, ebe ihe niile dị n'èzí ebe a na-apụta ìhè ka anya site na ebe a na-elekwasị anya na-abawanye.
Dị ka okwu teknụzụ, omimi nke ubi na-akọwa ebe dị anya n'etiti ebe dị nso na ebe dị anya ebe akụkụ ọ bụla nke onyonyo nwere ike ịpụta dị nkọ nke ọma. Were ihe atụ nke dị 10 ụkwụ n'ebe ị nọ: ọ bụrụ na omimi nke ubi gị dị 10 ụkwụ, ihe niile dị n'ime 10 ụkwụ ga-elekwasị anya; Ọ bụrụ na omimi nke ubi gị bụ 5 ụkwụ naanị ihe ọ bụla dị n'etiti 5-10 ụkwụ ga-elekwasị anya; ma ọ bụrụ na omimi nke ubi gị dị 1 ụkwụ, mgbe ahụ ihe ọ bụla dị n'ime 1 ụkwụ ahụ ga-anọgide na-adị nkọ mgbe ihe ọ bụla ọzọ ga-adị mgbagwoju anya ma ọ bụ na-enweghị isi.
Enwere ọtụtụ ihe na-emetụta omimi nke ubi dịka:
- Ogo oghere (nke a makwaara dị ka f-stop)
- Anya hiwere isi (Ogologo ebe nleba anya na-enwekarị mmekọrịta dị iche na DOF)
- Anya na isiokwu (ka ị na-abịaru nso na ihe, DOF gị ga-adịwanye njọ).
Ọ dị mkpa ịmara ka ihe nke ọ bụla si emetụta DOF ka ị nwee ike iji ha rụọ ọrụ nke ọma mgbe ị na-ese foto.
Kedu ka omimi nke ubi si arụ ọrụ?
Omimi nke ubi (DOF) bụ usoro eji ese foto iji chịkwaa ebe a na-elekwasị anya, ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke onyonyo a na-elekwasị anya na nke na-adịghị. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ site na iji oghere igwefoto iji chọpụta oke ọkụ a ga-ahapụ site na oghere yana banye na ihe mmetụta onyonyo.
Oke kacha mkpa na-emetụta omimi nke ubi bụ Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe. Ka nke a na-abawanye, DOF na-ebelata maka oghere ọ bụla a na-enye - ogologo oge na-elekwasị anya ga-eme ka ọbụna obere oghere na-emepụta ihe omimi nke ubi karịa obere oghere; mmetụta a na-apụtawanye ìhè ka ike na-ebuli elu na-ebili.
Ihe ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike imetụta omimi nke ubi, gụnyere:
Na-amalite site na bọọdụ ngagharị ngagharị nke gị
Debanye aha na akwụkwọ akụkọ anyị wee nweta nbudata n'efu na bọọdụ akụkọ atọ. Bido na iweta akụkọ gị ndụ!
Anyị ga -eji adreesị ozi -e gị naanị maka akwụkwọ akụkọ anyị wee kwanyere gị ùgwù nzuzo
- Anya n'etiti isiokwu na ndabere
- Anya n'etiti isiokwu na oghere
- Dị oghere
- Iji flash mpụga
Nke ọ bụla nwere mmetụta na oke nso ga-adaba na mgbado siri ike na ntọala oghere ọ bụla enyere.
Iji nye foto dị nkọ, ọ dị mkpa ịtụle ihe ndị a mgbe ị na-eme mkpebi ihe mejupụtara na ịtọ ntọala igwefoto - mana n'ikpeazụ ọ dịịrị gị ma ịchọrọ ihe ndị dị nso na nso ma ọ bụ ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ sụgharịa ọkwa dị iche iche nke nkọ n'ime otu etiti!
Ụdị Omimi nke Ubi
Omimi nke Ubi (DOF) na-ezo aka n'ebe dị anya n'etiti isi kacha nso na nke kacha dị na onyonyo nke yiri ka a na-elekwasị anya. Ọ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa na ndị niile na-ese foto kwesịrị ịghọta mgbe ha na-ese foto, ebe ọ na-enyere aka ịmepụta ihe oyiyi ọkachamara ọkachamara.
Enwere ụdị isi ihe abụọ nke Omimi nke Ubi: emighị emi na Deep. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-enyocha ọdịiche dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ ma tụlee mgbe ị nwere ike iji otu karịa nke ọzọ.
Omimi nke Ubi
Omimi nke ubi, a makwaara 'nhọrọ elekwasị anya'ma ọ bụ obere omimi nke ubi, bụ mmetụta na-eme mgbe onye na-ese foto chọrọ ka ndabere ghara ịdị na-elekwasị anya na isiokwu ahụ na-elekwasị anya nke ọma. A na-enweta nke a site na ịtọ oghere ma ọ bụ oghere oghere na ntọala ya kacha obosara (kacha dị ala f-kwụsị) nke na-ebute mmetụta na-egbuke egbuke. A na-emighị emi omimi nke ubi na-enyekwara aka kewapụ isiokwu na gburugburu ya na dọọrọ uche gaa na ya.
Enwere ike iji ala dị omimi mee ihe n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla - mbara ala mepere emepe ma ọ bụ okporo ụzọ obodo siri ike. Ụdị foto a bara uru karịsịa maka eserese, n'ihi na ọ na-enye mmetụta dị egwu ma mara mma gburugburu isiokwu ahụ. Enwere ike iji ya maka odida obodo, ihe owuwu na foto ngwaahịa kwa.
Mgbe ị na-ekepụta foto ubi nke na-emighị emi, enwere ụfọdụ ihe a ga-eburu n'uche:
- anya site na isiokwu gị
- n'akuku gbasara isiokwu gị
- Lens anya gbadoro ụkwụ
- Ntọala oghere
- Ọkụ niile na-emetụta ole nkọwa ejidere na foto a.
Iji nweta isiokwu ndị dị nkọ nwere nzụlite cha cha chọrọ nnwale na usoro dị iche iche dịka iji akụkụ obosara anya m maka ebe buru ibu ma ọ bụ anya anya ogologo maka oghere ndị siri ike. Na mgbakwunye na-elekwasị anya na dị iche iche site na isiokwu gị ga-enye nsonaazụ dịtụ iche, yabụ na-eme ka itinye uche n'ihe n'etiti otu mita na enweghị ngwụcha ruo mgbe ị nwetara nsonaazụ achọrọ.
Omimi Omimi nke Ubi
Omimi omimi nke ubi na-eme mgbe ihe niile dị na etiti ahụ na-elekwasị anya site n'ihu ruo n'azụ. A na-enweta mmetụta a site na iji a obere oghere, ma ọ bụ f-kwụsị, on your camera ka warara mpaghara na-adịghị na-elekwasị anya. Mgbe ị na-eji oghere pere mpe ga-amachi ọkụ gị dị, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa maka ịse foto odida obodo ma ọ bụ eserese akwụkwọ ebe ịchọrọ ka etinyekwuo etiti gị.
Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma mgbe ị nwere ihe na-aga nso ma ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu ma ị ka chọrọ akụkụ ọ bụla nke ogbugba gị na-elekwasị anya ọbụna ka ha na-agafe na mbara igwe. Enwere ike iji omimi omimi nke ubi mee ihe hapụ ihe omume dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ ma ọ bụ nnụnụ na-efe efe ka ọ na-edobe ihe ọ bụla ọzọ nke ọma. Dabere na ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi, iru omimi dị omimi nke ubi nwere ike ịchọ imechi oghere ruo f/16 na ikekwe f/22 - yabụ ọ ga-abara gị uru ịmara ntọala igwefoto gị wee jiri ya mee ihe nke ọma!
Ihe ndị na-emetụta Omimi nke Ubi
Omimi nke ala bụ echiche metụtara iji igwefoto were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were foto n'ihe dị iche iche were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were were were foto were were were were were were were were were were were were foto were were foto mee ihe n'ihe onyonyo. Ihe ndị a na-agụnye ụdị oghere ị na-eji, f-stop nke oghere, ogologo mgbanaka, na anya nke isiokwu site na ihe mmetụta igwefoto. Ihe ndị a niile na-ekere òkè n'ịchọpụta omimi nke ubi na ihe oyiyi, na ịghọta ha dị mkpa maka ịmepụta égbè dị egwu.
Ka anyị lebakwuo anya nke ọ bụla n'ime ha:
- Ụdị oghere ị na-eji
- F-nkwụsị nke oghere
- Anya hiwere isi
- Anya nke isiokwu site na ihe mmetụta igwefoto
Aperture
Ogo oghere ị na-ahọrọ ga-enwe mmetụta kachasị na nke gị omimi nke ala. Aperture bụ ihe nleba anya ka oghere oghere dị obosara, na ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ìhè banye igwefoto. Nnukwu oghere na-enye mbara ala na-emighị emi nke mere na ọ bụ naanị isiokwu gị ka a na-elekwasị anya, ebe oghere pere mpe na-emepụta ubi miri emi ka ị nwee ike ijide ihe ndị ọzọ na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ gị. Site n'ịgbanwe nha oghere gị - nke a na-akpọkwa ya f-kwụsị - ị nwere ike ịgbanwe nke ihe ndị na-anọgide na-elekwasị anya na nke na-adaba na-elekwasị anya. Ka ukwuu f-kwụsị ọnụọgụgụ na-anọchi anya oghere ndị pere mpe ma pere mpe f-kwụsị ọnụọgụgụ na-anọchite anya oghere ndị buru ibu.
Na mgbakwunye, e mere ụfọdụ anya m iji nye omimi dị iche iche nke ubi n'ogo ogologo dị iche iche dịka lensị eserese nwere ogologo isi n'ihu na-enye a shallower omimi nke ubi karịa mbara n'akuku anya m. Nke a pụtara na mgbe ị na-eji lensị eserese, ị nwere ike idowe ọtụtụ ihe n'ihu ọbụlagodi oghere oghere mepere emepe ma ọ bụ nweta omimi miri emi karịa nke nwere oghere oghere yiri nke ahụ mgbe ị na-eji oghere oghere pere mpe ma ọ bụ ọkara. Na ojiji nke lenses tilt-ngbanwe nke na-agbakwunye atụmatụ ndị ọzọ dị mma maka ịnweta njikwa n'ime mgbanwe n'ụzọ miri emi, echiche a na-aghọwanye ihe dị mkpa karị.
Ogologo Ogologo
Anya hiwere isi bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-emetụta omimi nke ubi na foto. Ogologo anya bụ akụkụ nlele ma ọ bụ nsonye mbugharị nke oghere, nke a na-egosipụtakarị na millimita. A na-ewere oghere oghere 50mm dị ka oghere ọkọlọtọ, na oghere oghere nwere oghere n'ogologo na-erughị 35mm. Igwefoto igwefoto nwere ogologo isi ihe karịrị 85mm.
Ogologo ogologo ebe a na-elekwasị anya, ka akụkụ nke anya ga-adịwanye - na omimi nke ubi ga-adị ntakịrị. Mmetụta a nwere ike ịba uru mgbe ị na-agbalị ịmepụta nkewa site na ndabere maka otu isiokwu gbara - eserese, ọmụmaatụ. N'aka nke ọzọ, lensị anya obosara na-enwekarị omimi miri emi nke ubi n'ihi na ị na-adabawanye n'ime ogbugba gị ma si otú a na-achọ ka ị na-elekwasị anya.
Ka ogologo isi ihe gị dị mkpụmkpụ, ahụ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ ọsọ shutter gị kwesịrị ịdị nke nwere ike ịmepụta nsogbu na ịma jijiji igwefoto na nsogbu blur na obere ìhè ọnọdụ ma ọ bụrụ na ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa gị adịghị ngwa ngwa iji kpoo ihe ọ bụla na-eme n'ime ọnọdụ gị dị ka. ifufe na-efe osisi ma ọ bụ ụmụaka na-agba ọsọ.
Ogologo isiokwu
Ebe dị anya isiokwu bụ ihe kacha mkpa mgbe a bịara n'ịchịkwa ihe omimi nke ala na foto gị. Mgbe ị na-ebugharị igwefoto nso ma ọ bụ dị anya na isiokwu gị, ọbụlagodi obere mmegharị nwere ike imetụta ịdị nkọ nke onyonyo.
N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, ọ bụrụ na ị na-ebugharị igwefoto gị nso na isiokwu, ọ ga mmụba omimi nke ubi ma mee ka onyinyo gị dị nkọ ma dị nkọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, na-eme ka igwefoto gị dị anya site na isiokwu ga- ibelata omimi nke ubi ma mee ka ihe ndị dị n'ihu na n'azụ ihe ahụ bụ isi pụta ìhè na-adịghị elekwasị anya.
Iji Omimi nke Ubi Kere Ihe
Omimi nke Ubi (DOF) bụ ngwá ọrụ okike dị na foto nke nwere ike inyere gị aka ịchịkwa oke ịdị nkọ na onyonyo. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụzọ kachasị mma isi dọta uche gaa na ụfọdụ ihe mejupụtara gị.
N'akụkụ a, anyị ga-eleba anya ka ị nwere ike iji DOF ịse foto ndị na-adọrọ mmasị karị, site na eserese ruo na odida obodo.
Ịmepụta ndabere na-adịghị ahụkebe
Omimi nke ala bụ usoro ịse foto nke na-enyere aka iweta nlebara anya na isiokwu bụ isi gị mgbe ị na-eme ka azụ azụ, na-ekepụta ọmarịcha onyonyo juputara na ndụ na mmegharị. Usoro a nwetara nkwado ya site na iji oghere igwefoto jikwaa oke ọkụ na-abanye n'ihe mmetụta, n'aka nke ya na-achịkwa otú obosara ma ọ bụ dị warara nke ebe a na-elekwasị anya na foto a.
Iji ntọala ndị a, ị nwere ike ịmepụta ndabere dị nro nwere bokeh mara mma nke na-eto nke ọma isi isiokwu gị. Mgbe ị na-ese foto nwere nzụlite na-adịghị mma, ndị ọkachamara ga-edozi igwefoto ha ka ha jiri oghere ụzọ mode nwere oghere mepere emepe dị ka f/1.4 ma ọ bụ f/2.8. Site na ntọala a, ihe niile dị n'azụ na n'ihu isiokwu gị bụ n'èzí nke ụgbọ elu dị omimi, ọ ga-abụkwa nke a na-elekwasị anya ma ọ bụ gbagọrọ agbagọ mgbe egosiri na foto.
Inwe ntọala ziri ezi maka omimi nke ubi nwekwara ike ịgbakwunye ihe okike dị ka flares oghere na mmetụta nka ndị ọzọ nwere ike ime ka akụkụ nka foto mara mma.
Site na ịtọ lensị igwefoto gị ka imepụta omimi nke ubi na-emighị emi mgbe ị na-ese foto, ị nwere ike kewapụ akụkụ nke foto gị ugbu a ka ndị na-ekiri mara ihe ịchọrọ ka ha mara nke ukwuu - isiokwu dị n'aka! Ka ndị na-ese foto na-aga n'ihu na-amụta ọrụ ha ma na-eji ntọala ndị a ugboro ugboro ka oge na-aga, ha ga-ejide n'aka na ha ga-ewepụta ụzọ ọhụrụ ha ga-esi mebie nzụlite dị iche iche yana ịmepụta ihe okike n'ime oge ọ bụla!
Ikewapụ Isiokwu ahụ
Omimi nke ala bụ ebe dị anya n'etiti ihe kacha nso na nke kacha nso na-egosi na nlebara anya dị nkọ nke anabatara na foto. Mgbe ị na-eji omimi nke ubi emepụta ihe, ị nwere ike kewapụ isiokwu na gburugburu ya. Akụkụ abụọ bụ isi bụ oghere na ogologo isi.
Ogologo ntụsara ụkwụ dị ogologo na-eme ka mbara ala dị omimi ma ọ naghị enye oke ohere maka ikewapụ isiokwu ahụ na gburugburu ya. N'aka nke ọzọ, oghere oghere dị obosara nwere oke omimi nke na-enye ohere dị ukwuu ikewapụ isiokwu ahụ na ndabere ya na ihe ndị ọzọ na-etinye aka na-elekwasị anya.
Nnukwu ntọala oghere (n'ozuzu f/1.8 ma ọ bụ f/2) ga - enyere aka nweta mmetụta a nke na - ekewapụ isiokwu gị na ndabere ya site n'ime ka ọ dịkwuo nkọ karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ n'azụ ya - na - agbakwunyere okwu gị mgbe ị na - eleba anya n'ihe niile na - eme gburugburu ya. Anya oghere etiti nwere nlekwasị anya n'aka (f/2.8 dị mma) ga-eme ka mmetụta a pụta ìhè ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya na isi iyi ọkụ dị ka flash ma ọ bụ ihe na-atụgharị anya nke na-enyere aka ịmata ọdịiche dị n'akụkụ ihe a na-ese foto ma na-enyekwu ikike ịchịkwa ọnọdụ ọkụ.
Ụdị foto a na-enye ndị na-ese foto aka ịchịkwa ihe oyiyi ha site n'ichepụta ma ọ bụ na-ekpuchi ihe ndị na-ewepụ ihe kwesịrị ịbụ isi ihe - na-ebutekarị ihe atụ na-eche echiche na isiokwu ndị a na-akpọ nke ọma bụ ndị e kewapụrụ nke ọma na-enweghị ihe ọkụkụ kpọmkwem!
Iji Omimi nke Ubi kọọ Akụkọ
Iji a omimi miri emi ịkọ akụkọ bụ ngwá ọrụ a na-ahụ anya na-enweghị atụ nke na-enye ndị na-ekiri ohere ilekwasị anya n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ihe oyiyi. Site n'iji usoro a, ndị na-ese foto nwere ike ịdọrọ uche gaa na ụfọdụ ihe dị na foto ahụ, na-emepụta foto ndị na-adọrọ mmasị na ndị na-emepụta ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ndị na-ekiri ya.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye na-ese foto nwere ike họrọ iji oghere dị omimi nke na-emighị emi maka ihe osise eserese iji mee ka azụ dị jụụ ma mee ka ihu onye ahụ nọrọ na ya. nkọ uche. Usoro a na-enye ohere ka anya onye na-ekiri ya adọta ozugbo na okwu onye ahụ, nke na-eme ka mmetụta mmetụta uche dị na foto ahụ dịkwuo elu. Nke a nwere ike ịdị irè karịsịa mgbe ị na-ese foto ndị mmadụ na-eme ihe ma ọ bụ ndị na-eme ihe (ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ).
Ihe atụ ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ iji ala dị omimi na-emighị emi mgbe ị na-ese foto odida obodo ma ọ bụ obodo. Site n'ichepụta ihe dị n'azụ, ndị na-ese foto nwere ike mesie nkọwapụta nke dị n'ime oke elekwasị anya ma nyere aka mepụta ihe egwu dị egwu karị site n'idu ndị na-ekiri anya gburugburu n'ime etiti ahụ. Ndị na-ese foto nwekwara ike họrọ iji usoro a mgbe enwere ihe na-adọpụ uche n'azụ isiokwu ha bụ isi. Ikpochapụ ihe ndị a ga-eme ka isiokwu ha pụta ìhè nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ihe ọ bụla ọzọ na-elekwasị anya nke ọma gbagburu ya.
N'agbanyeghị na-eji miri dof (nnukwu oghere) bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka ndị na-ese foto n'okirikiri n'ihi ikike ya idowe ihe niile dị n'ihu na nzụlite doro anya ma hụ anya ma jikọta ya na ogologo ikpughe, inwe ụfọdụ ihe ọmụma banyere mgbe na ebe ọ ga-aba uru dị mkpa n'agbanyeghị ụdị foto ị na-eme kemgbe ya. nwere ike ịba uru otu ụbọchị dị ka ngwa mgbakwunye na-enyere aka iwepụta ihe okike gị ọbụna n'ihu!
mmechi
Site na nghọta omimi nke ala, ị nwere ike ijikwa nsonaazụ ma jiri ohere okike nke ọ na-enye. Omimi nke ala na-emetụta ka isi isiokwu si pụta ìhè na gburugburu ya, ya mere ọ na-enye gị ohere ikpebi anya anya ị chọrọ na otu esi arụ ọrụ na ha. N'ịma omimi nke ala na-enyekwara gị aka ịhazigharị ntọala gị na gburugburu ebe ị na-agba égbè, ka ị nwee ike ijide foto ndị kwesịrị inwe iji mepụta mpempe foto na-enwe mmetụta karị.
Ndewo, a bụ m Kim, nne na onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na-akwụsị ngagharị nwere nzụlite na mmepụta mgbasa ozi na mmepe webụ. Enwere m nnukwu mmasị maka ịse na eserese, ma ugbu a ana m agba mmiri n'isi n'ime ụwa nkwụsị ngagharị. Site na blọọgụ m, a na m ekesara unu ihe mmụta m.
