Laputopu: Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Ndi Yamphamvu Yokwanira Kusintha Kanema?

pa kim Zasinthidwa: June 25, 2022

Laputopu ndi chida chosunthika chomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito pantchito, kusukulu, ndi kusewera, komanso ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chothandizira kukonza mavidiyo. Laputopu ndi kompyuta yam'manja yamphamvu yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito posinthira makanema chifukwa imatha kuthana ndi zofunikira pakukonza makanema. software.

M'nkhaniyi, ndifotokoza tanthauzo lake.

Mbiri Yachidule Yamakompyuta Onyamula

The Dynabook Concept

Mu 1968, Alan Kay wa Xerox PARC anali ndi lingaliro la "munthu, wowongolera zidziwitso" zomwe adazitcha Dynabook. Iye adazifotokoza mu pepala la 1972, ndipo zidakhala maziko a makompyuta amakono onyamula.

The IBM Special Computer APL Machine Portable (SCAMP)

Mu 1973, IBM idawonetsa SCAMP, choyimira chochokera pa purosesa ya IBM PALM. Izi zinapangitsa kuti IBM 5100, kompyuta yoyamba yogulitsira malonda, yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 1975.

Epson HX-20

Mu 1980, Epson HX-20 inapangidwa ndi kutulutsidwa mu 1981. Inali makompyuta oyambirira a laputopu ndipo inkalemera ma 3.5 lbs okha. Anali ndi LCD yotchinga, batire lotha kuchangidwanso, ndi chosindikizira cha kukula kwa calculator.

R2E Mikroli CCMC

Mu 1980, kampani yaku France ya R2E Micral CCMC idatulutsa kompyuta yoyamba yonyamula. Zinatengera purosesa ya Intel 8085, yokhala ndi 64 KB RAM, a kiyibodi, sikirini ya zilembo 32, floppy disk, ndi chosindikizira cha kutentha. Imalemera 12 kg ndipo imapereka kuyenda kwathunthu.

Osborne 1

Mu 1981, Osborne 1 inatulutsidwa. Inali kompyuta yonyamula katundu yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito Zilog Z80 CPU ndikulemera mapaundi 24.5. Inalibe batire, 5 mu CRT screen, ndi awiri 5.25 mu single density floppy drives.

Flip Form Factor Malaputopu

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, ma laputopu oyamba omwe amagwiritsa ntchito flip form factor adawonekera. Dulmont Magnum inatulutsidwa ku Australia mu 1981-82, ndipo US $ 8,150 GriD Compass 1101 inatulutsidwa mu 1982 ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi NASA ndi asilikali.

Njira Zolowetsa ndi Zowonetsera

Mu 1983, njira zingapo zatsopano zolowera zidapangidwa ndikuphatikizidwa m'ma laputopu, kuphatikiza cholumikizira, ndodo yolozera, ndi kuzindikira zolemba pamanja. Zowonetsera zinafika ku 640 × 480 kusamvana ndi 1988, ndipo zojambula zamitundu zinayamba kukhala zofala mu 1991. Ma hard drive anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo, ndipo mu 1989 Nokia PCD-3Psx laputopu inatulutsidwa.

Chiyambi cha Malaputopu ndi Mabuku

Malaputopu

Mawu oti 'laputopu' adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1980 kutanthauza kompyuta yam'manja yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyendo. Ili linali lingaliro lachisinthiko panthawiyo, popeza makompyuta ena onyamula okha omwe analipo anali olemera kwambiri komanso odziwika bwino monga 'zonyamula katundu'.

Mayankho

Mawu oti 'notebook' adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake, pomwe opanga adayamba kupanga zida zazing'ono komanso zopepuka. Zidazi zinali ndi chiwonetsero cha kukula kwa pepala la A4, ndipo zidagulitsidwa ngati zolembera kuti zisiyanitse ndi ma laputopu akuluakulu.

Today

Masiku ano, mawu oti 'laputopu' ndi 'notebook' amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, koma ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira komwe adachokera.

Mitundu ya Malaputopu

The Classics

• Compaq Armada: Laputopu iyi kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 inali yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imatha kuthana ndi chilichonse chomwe mumaponya.
• Apple MacBook Air: Laputopu yonyamula kwambiri iyi inkalemera pansi pa 3.0 lb (1.36 kg), ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa iwo omwe ali paulendo.
• Lenovo IdeaPad: Laputopu iyi idapangidwa kuti izigwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo inali ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso mtengo wake.
• Lenovo ThinkPad: Laputopu yabizinesi iyi poyambirira idapangidwa ndi IBM ndipo idapangidwa kuti ikhale yodalirika komanso yolimba.

The Hybrids

• Asus Transformer Pad: Tabuleti iyi yosakanizidwa idayendetsedwa ndi Android OS ndipo inali yabwino kwa iwo omwe amafuna zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
• Microsoft Surface Pro 3: Izi 2-in-1 zotayika zidapangidwa kuti zikhale laputopu ndi piritsi limodzi.
• Laputopu ya Masewera a Alienware: Laputopu iyi idapangidwira masewera ndipo inali ndi kiyibodi yowunikira kumbuyo ndi touchpad.
• Laputopu ya Samsung Sens: Laputopu iyi idapangidwira omwe amafuna makina amphamvu osaphwanya banki.
• Panasonic Toughbook CF-M34: Laputopu / kabuku kakang'ono kameneka kanapangidwira iwo omwe amafunikira laputopu yomwe imatha kumenyedwa.

The Convergences

• 2-in-1 Detachables: Malaputopu awa adapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati laputopu ndi piritsi, ndipo amakhala ndi chiwonetsero chazithunzi ndi x86-architecture CPU.
• 2-in-1 Convertibles: Ma laputopu awa amatha kubisa kiyibodi ya hardware ndikusintha kuchoka pa laputopu kukhala piritsi.
• Mapiritsi a Hybrid: Zidazi zimaphatikiza mawonekedwe a laputopu ndi piritsi, ndipo ndizabwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Kutsiliza

Malaputopu abwera kutali kuyambira pomwe adakhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya laputopu yomwe ilipo, kuchokera ku Compaq Armada yapachaka mpaka yamakono ya 2-in-1. Ziribe kanthu zomwe mukufuna, pali laputopu yomwe ikugwirizana ndi moyo wanu.

Kufananiza Zida Za Laputopu ndi Pakompyuta

Sonyezani

Pankhani yowonetsera laputopu, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: LCD ndi OLED. Ma LCD ndi njira yachikhalidwe, pomwe ma OLED akuchulukirachulukira. Mitundu yonse iwiri yowonetsera imagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha Low-voltage differential signing (LVDS) kapena protocol yophatikizidwa ya DisplayPort kuti ilumikizane ndi laputopu.

Zikafika pakukula kwa zowonetsera laputopu, mutha kuzipeza kukula kwake kuyambira 11 ″ mpaka 16 ″. 14 ″ zitsanzo ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa makina abizinesi, pomwe mitundu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono ilipo koma yocheperako.

Zowonetsera Zakunja

Ma laputopu ambiri amatha kulumikizana ndi zowonera zakunja, kukupatsani mwayi wochita zinthu zambiri mosavuta. Kusintha kwa chiwonetserochi kungapangitsenso kusintha, ndi malingaliro apamwamba omwe amalola kuti zinthu zambiri zigwirizane ndi skrini panthawi imodzi.

Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa MacBook Pro yokhala ndi chiwonetsero cha Retina mu 2012, pakhala kuwonjezeka kwa kupezeka kwa zowonetsera za "HiDPI" (kapena kuchuluka kwa Pixel). Zowonetsa izi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ngati chilichonse chokwera kuposa ma pixel a 1920, ndipo malingaliro a 4K (3840-pixel-wide) akukhala otchuka kwambiri.

Chipangizo Choyang'anira Pakati (CPU)

Ma Laptop CPU adapangidwa kuti azikhala osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso amatulutsa kutentha pang'ono kuposa ma CPU apakompyuta. Ma laputopu amakono ambiri amakhala ndi ma processor cores osachepera awiri, okhala ndi ma cores anayi omwe ndi okhazikika. Ma laputopu ena amakhala ndi ma cores opitilira anayi, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu zambiri komanso kuchita bwino.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Laputopu

zokolola

Kugwiritsa ntchito laputopu m'malo omwe PC yapakompyuta singagwiritsidwe ntchito kungathandize antchito ndi ophunzira kukulitsa zokolola zawo pantchito kapena kusukulu. Mwachitsanzo, wogwira ntchito muofesi amatha kuwerenga maimelo awo a ntchito paulendo wautali, kapena wophunzira amatha kuchita homuweki ku shopu ya khofi yaku yunivesite panthawi yopuma pakati pa maphunziro.

Zatsopano Zatsopano

Kukhala ndi laputopu imodzi kumalepheretsa kugawikana kwa mafayilo pama PC angapo, popeza mafayilo amakhala pamalo amodzi ndipo amakhala amakono nthawi zonse.

zamalumikizidwe

Malaputopu amabwera ndi zolumikizira zophatikizika monga Wi-Fi ndi Bluetooth, ndipo nthawi zina kulumikizana ndi ma netiweki am'manja mwina kudzera pakuphatikiza kwawo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito hotspot.

kukula

Malaputopu ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa ma PC apakompyuta, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino m'zipinda zing'onozing'ono ndi ma dorm a ophunzira. Ikapanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito, laputopu imatha kutsekedwa ndikuyikidwa mu desiki.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Zochepa

Malaputopu ndiopanga mphamvu kangapo kuposa ma desktops, pogwiritsa ntchito 10-100 W poyerekeza ndi 200-800W yama desktop. Izi ndizabwino kwa mabizinesi akulu ndi nyumba komwe kuli kompyuta yomwe ikuyenda 24/7.

chete

Malaputopu nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda phokoso kuposa ma desktops, chifukwa cha zigawo zake (monga ma drive a state solid-state) komanso kutentha pang'ono. Izi zapangitsa kuti ma laputopu opanda magawo osuntha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chete chete pakagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Battery

Laputopu yokhala ndi chaji ikhoza kupitiliza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magetsi azima, ndipo samakhudzidwa ndi kusokoneza kwanthawi kochepa komanso kuzimitsa kwamagetsi.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Laputopu

Magwiridwe

Ngakhale ma laputopu amatha kugwira ntchito wamba monga kusakatula pa intaneti, kusewerera makanema, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maofesi, magwiridwe antchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa pamitengo yofananira.

Kukwezeka

Malaputopu ndi ochepa ponena za upgradeability, chifukwa luso ndi zachuma zifukwa. Ma hard drive ndi kukumbukira amatha kukwezedwa mosavuta, koma bolodi la amayi, CPU, ndi zithunzi sizisinthidwa mwalamulo.

Cholinga cha Fomu

Palibe mawonekedwe amitundu yonse yamakampani a laputopu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza magawo okonza ndi kukweza. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira ndi mitundu ya 2013, ma laputopu aphatikizana kwambiri ndi boardboard.

Mitundu ya Laputopu ndi Opanga

Makampani Aakulu

Pankhani ya laputopu, pali zosankha zingapo. Nawu mndandanda wazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapereka zolemba m'makalasi osiyanasiyana:

• Acer/Gateway/eMachines/Packard Bell: TravelMate, Extensa, Ferrari ndi Aspire; Easynote; Chromebook
• Apple: MacBook Air ndi MacBook Pro
• Asus: TUF, ROG, Pro ndi ProArt, ZenBook, VivoBook, ExpertBook
• Dell: Alienware, Inspiron, Latitude, Precision, Vostro ndi XPS
• Dynabook (Toshiba wakale): Portege, Tecra, Satellite, Qosmio, Libretto
• Falcon Kumpoto chakumadzulo: DRX, TLX, I/O
• Fujitsu: Lifebook, Celsius
• Gigabyte: AORUS
• HCL (India): ME Laptop, ME Netbook, Leaptop ndi MiLeap
• Hewlett-Packard: Pavilion, Envy, ProBook, EliteBook, ZBook
• Huawei: Matebook
• Lenovo: ThinkPad, ThinkBook, IdeaPad, Yoga, Legion ndi Essential B ndi G Series
• LG: Xnote, Gram
• Medion: Akoya (OEM version of MSI Wind)
• MSI: E, C, P, G, V, A, X, U series, Modern, Prestige ndi Wind Netbook
• Panasonic: Toughbook, Satellite, Let's Note (Japan kokha)
• Samsung: Sens: N, P, Q, R ndi X mndandanda; Chromebook, ATIV Book
• TG Sambo (Korea): Averatec, Averatec Buddy
• Vaio (Sony wakale)
• Xiaomi: Mi, Mi Gaming ndi Mi RedmiBook laputopu

Kusintha kwa Laputopu

Malaputopu akhala akuchulukirachulukira kutchuka kwa zaka, onse malonda ndi ntchito payekha. Mu 2006, ma ODM akuluakulu 7 adapanga laputopu 7 mwa 10 aliwonse padziko lapansi, ndipo yayikulu kwambiri (Quanta Computer) yokhala ndi 30% ya msika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Akuti mu 2008, mabuku olembera 145.9 miliyoni adagulitsidwa, ndipo chiwerengerochi chidzakula mu 2009 kufika pa 177.7 miliyoni. Kotala lachitatu la 2008 inali nthawi yoyamba pomwe kutumiza kwapadziko lonse lapansi pamakompyuta kumadutsa ma desktops.

Chifukwa cha mapiritsi ndi ma laputopu otsika mtengo, ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ambiri tsopano ali ndi laputopu chifukwa cha kusavuta koperekedwa ndi chipangizocho. Isanafike 2008, Malaputopu anali okwera mtengo kwambiri. Mu Meyi 2005, kope lapakati lidagulitsidwa $1,131 pomwe ma desktops adagulitsidwa pafupifupi $696.

Koma tsopano, mutha kupeza laputopu yatsopano mosavuta ngati $199.

Kutsiliza

Pomaliza, ma laputopu ndiabwino pakusintha makanema chifukwa amatha kunyamula, amphamvu, komanso amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Ngati mukuyang'ana laputopu yosinthira makanema, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza yokhala ndi purosesa yamphamvu komanso khadi yojambula yodzipereka. Kuphatikiza apo, yang'anani laputopu yokhala ndi chiwonetsero chachikulu, RAM yambiri, komanso madoko abwino. Ndi laputopu yoyenera, mudzatha kusintha makanema mosavuta ndikupanga zowoneka bwino.

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.