LUTs: Kodi Mumasankha Zotani?

pa kim Zasinthidwa: June 27, 2022

Matebulo Oyang'ana (LUTs) ndi chida champhamvu mu mtundu kalasi ndi mavidiyo kupanga pambuyo. Amakulolani kuti mupange zowoneka bwino komanso zokongola mwachangu komanso mosavuta, kuti mutha kudabwitsa omvera anu ndi zotsatira zowoneka bwino zaukadaulo.

M'nkhaniyi, tiwona zoyambira za LUTs, momwe amagwirira ntchito, zomwe angakuchitireni, ndi momwe mungapindulire nazo bwino pantchito zanu.

• Maziko a LUTs
• Bwanji LUTs ntchito
• Chani LUTs akhoza kukuchitirani inu
• Kupindula kwambiri LUTs muma projekiti anu

Tanthauzo la LUTs

Onani matebulo (LUTs) ndi chida chofunikira pakusankha mitundu komanso kukonza zithunzi. A LUT kwenikweni ndi tebulo la data lomwe limapereka malangizo amtundu wamtundu wamavidiyo kapena makina osinthira. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito LUT imatchedwa "3D LUT” yomwe imayimira tebulo loyang'ana mbali zitatu. Zimalola chithunzi kapena kanema kusinthidwa mu tonality, kusiyana, machulukitsidwe, pakati pa magawo ena ambiri kuti agwirizane ndi maonekedwe kapena giredi.

A 3D LUT ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kukonza mavidiyo ndondomeko, makamaka pamene kusintha kwamtundu waukatswiri ndi kulondola pazithunzi zambiri kumafunika. Pamwamba pa izi, imatha kupanga kusintha kosawoneka bwino pamawonekedwe onse a kanemayo ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake oyamba - ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chida chabwino kwambiri chopangira filimu yojambulidwa imayang'ana pamilingo yayikulu yokhazikika komanso yolondola. Nthawi zambiri, pali mitundu iwiri ya mapulogalamu omwe 3D Luts agwiritsidwa ntchito bwino - posakhalitsa ndi kuwulutsa ma brodacast.

Popanga pambuyo pake, Luts atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza mitundu komanso kamvekedwe kabwino ka khungu komanso kuyatsa kozungulira pakuwombera mwachangu komanso molondola. Mwanjira imeneyi opanga mafilimu amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zofananira pamaseti osiyanasiyana amakanema ndi masitayilo amodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachiwonetsero chilichonse mosasamala za chilengedwe kapena zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga mafilimu amathanso kupanga zojambula zapadera za pensulo popanda kuchita khama kwambiri pophatikiza seti zodzikongoletsera za 3D lut ndi ntchito zopanga monga ma vignettes ndi masinthidwe amtundu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa iwo.

Kuwulutsa kwapawayilesi kumagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafilimu wamba komanso malonda - komwe kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri pamitundu kungakhale kopindulitsa pazaukadaulo komanso kukongola. Apa 3dLuts imapangitsa kuti opanga aziwonetsetsa kuti mitundu yolondola yamtundu uliwonse - ngati mtundu wa khungu, ndi zina, kuwonetsetsa kuti zonse zomwe zimawulutsidwa zimatsata miyezo yamakampani kuti owonera azingowona zithunzi zowoneka bwino pamawonekedwe osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka mosavuta pazida zawo ndi mapulogalamu ngati. DaVinci Resolve15 ndi zina.

• Post Production
• Broadcasting
• DaVinci Resolve15

Momwe LUTs Amagwirira Ntchito

Yang'anani pa Matebulo (LUTs) ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mitundu. Amathandizira kuyika mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu kotero kuti zomwe mwayika mudongosolo ndizomwe zimatuluka mbali inayo. LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana, kuyambira pakupanga mpaka kumapangidwe amtundu wamtundu wa pambuyo pakupanga.

Mu gawo ili, tiwona momwe LUTs ntchito ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kusasinthasintha pakusankha mitundu:

1. Bwanji LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pochita opaleshoni
2. Kodi kutsatira LUTs mu kutengera mtundu
3. Momwe mungapangire LUTs kwa mapulojekiti osankha mitundu

Kumvetsetsa Malo Amtundu

Kuti mumvetse zomwe a Yang'anani Patebulo (LUT) ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso choyambirira cha malo amtundu. Miyeso itatu ya malo amtundu ndi Hue, Saturation ndi Luminance. Hue amatanthauza mbali ya mtundu womwe umazindikiritsa mtundu wake kapena mthunzi monga wofiira, buluu kapena wobiriwira. Machulukidwe amatanthawuza momwe mtundu ulili wolimba kapena wowoneka bwino pomwe kuwala kumatsimikizira momwe kuwala kumawonekera pachiwonetsero chathu.

Pazithunzi za digito, pixel iliyonse imakhala ndi chidziwitso chake Hue, Saturation ndi Luminance makhalidwe abwino. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapulogalamu osintha mavidiyo kuti awonetse mitundu yolondola pa chowunikira kapena kanema wawayilesi. LUTs amatha kusintha chidziwitsochi kuti asinthe mawonekedwe a chithunzi chonse - nthawi zambiri posintha gawo limodzi kapena zingapo mwazinthu zitatu zamtundu wamtundu (Hue, Saturation ndi Luminance).

A KOMA itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana - kuyambira pakusintha mawonekedwe a chithunzi chonse ndi kuchuluka kwake mpaka kusintha kosawoneka bwino kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwamamvekedwe enaake mkati mwa chithunzi kuti apange mawonekedwe okongoletsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, LUTs pangitsa kuti khungu liwonekere lofewa pomwe mukukulitsa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi machulukidwe - kupangitsa kuti chomalizacho chimveke chosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe mumangoyambira ndi mawonekedwe anu osalala.

Kumvetsetsa Colour Gamut

Mtundu wa gamut (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti malo a parameter) kwenikweni imatanthawuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imatha kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana, monga kanema kapena kusindikiza.

Yang'anani matebulo (LUTs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mitundu kuti alole wogwiritsa ntchito kuyimira bwino ma sipekitiramu a kuwala ndi kutulutsa maonekedwe omwewo m'mawonekedwe ena ogwirizana kapena makina owonetsera.

Kwenikweni, Look Up Table (LUT) ndi kusintha kwa masamu komwe kumasungidwa ngati manambala osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa 'colour grading', '3D LUTs' kapena 'cube LUTs'. Mukayika mitundu ndi ma LUTs, okonza ndi akatswiri amasunga molondola zonse zomwe amalowetsa komanso zotulutsa, kuwalola kupanga chithunzi chomwe chikuwoneka chimodzimodzi mosasamala kanthu kuti akugwira ntchito ndi analogi kapena digito, mu Final Cut Pro X, Adobe Premier. kapena DaVinci Resolve.

Kuyenda kwa LUT kumapangitsa kuti ntchito ziziyenda mwachangu, zolondola komanso zogwira mtima. Ndi kachitidwe ka mitundu yachikhalidwe, muyenera kusintha mtundu uliwonse padera popanda kulondola kulikonse. Ndi kayendedwe ka LUT kozikidwa pa LUT, ndikosavuta kwa okonza ndi akatswiri kuti agwiritse ntchito kusintha kosasintha kwamitundu pazithunzi zambiri mwachangu komanso moyenera.

Kuti ndondomekoyi ichitike bwino imafuna kuti zipangizo zonse zigwiritse ntchito mtundu wofanana wa mtundu - kawirikawiri Mbiri 709 komanso DCI-P3 kwa mitundu ina ya makamera a digito - posungira zambiri za malo amitundu kuti mitundu ya chipangizo chimodzi isunthidwe molondola pa china popanda zolakwika zomwe zikuchitika pakusamutsa.

Mitundu ya LUTs

LUTs (Yang'anani Mmwamba Matebulo) amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mitundu kuti asinthe ndikuwongolera makanema. Kuti akwaniritse izi, ma LUT amasintha mtundu ndi kuwala kwachithunzichi kuti apange zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Pali mitundu yambiri ya LUT yopangidwira mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokonza mitundu. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ingapo ya LUTs ndi ntchito zawo:

• Lowani ku Linear - Mtundu uwu wa LUT umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza zojambula za logarithmic kukhala malo amtundu wamzere. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula zojambula kuchokera ku makamera a digito.
• Creative - Creative LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi posintha mitundu ndi kusiyanitsa. Ikhoza kuwonjezera kumverera kwa kanema pazithunzi.
• Bakuman - Rec709 LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza zithunzi kukhala malo amtundu wa Rec709. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zojambula zikuyenera kufanana ndi mtundu wa chowunikira kanema.
• Kulimbitsa - Ma Calibration LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera zowonera kumalo enaake amtundu. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitheke mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamavidiyo.

Zithunzi za LUT

Zithunzi za LUT ndi matebulo owoneka bwino omwe amalola osintha mavidiyo ndi zithunzi kuti agwirizane ndi makamera osiyanasiyana. Izi zimatsimikizira kulondola kwamtundu komanso kusasinthika pakati pa makamera okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gamuts kapena mapurosesa. Log LUTs amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga toning stylized, nthawi zambiri ndi mawonekedwe amakanema.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma log LUTs, ndikofunikira kuwagwiritsa ntchito moyenera, chifukwa "sadzakonza" zovuta zazithunzi zomwe sizinawombere bwino. Log-LUTs nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa njira yosinthira kuti atsimikizire zotsatira zolondola kwambiri.

Mitundu ya Log LUTs:

• Standard chipika: Logi yokhazikika ya LUT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufananitsa mtundu wa kamera / mbiri ndi mawonekedwe a transformer mumtundu umodzi wamba. Izi zimathandiza kuti makamera angapo aziwoneka ngati ofanana pothandizira mawonekedwe omaliza. Cholinga ndikukwaniritsa 'kuyang'ana kumodzi' pazithunzi, mosasamala kanthu komwe kamera kapena mtundu wa purosesa (ie, Blackmagic vs RED).
• Creative Log: Logi yopangira LUTS imayang'ana pakupereka zotsatira zenizeni zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakanema/zithunzi monga kusiyanitsa kosalala bwino ndikuchotsa mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi chojambulira / kamera inayake. Itha kupanga mawonekedwe odabwitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera zaluso kapena kusintha kamvekedwe kazinthu zina zomwe zimasiyana ndi pulojekiti yanu yonse kutengera momwe mukumvera kapena kumva - monga kupanga mawonekedwe 'onyezimira' otchuka kuchokera mndandanda ngati Stranger Things, Westworld ndi ziwonetsero zina zasayansi zopeka/zongopeka.

Creative LUTs

Creative LUTs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera masinthidwe a tonal ndi mawonekedwe a stylized ku zithunzi. Angathe kusokoneza maonekedwe a mitundu m'njira zingapo, monga kukokomeza matani ena kapena kukhutitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithunzicho. Ma LUT a Creative atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa masitayilo akale, mawonekedwe amafilimu a analogi kapena kutembenuka kwakuda ndi koyera. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya Creative LUTs ndi:

• Zotsatira za Cross Processing LUTs: Ma LUT awa amafananiza njira yakuda yamdima yosinthira filimu yomwe chemistry yolakwika imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga filimu yomwe imabweretsa mitundu yosakhala yachilengedwe komanso kusiyana kwachilendo.
• Mafashoni/Kukongola LUTs: Ma LUT awa adapangidwa makamaka kuti aziwoneka bwino pakhungu ndi zojambula zamafashoni, kufewetsa matupi olimba akhungu kuti awonetsetse kuti aziwoneka mosasinthasintha pamapulatifomu onse, kuyambira kusindikiza mpaka pa intaneti komanso pazithunzi zoyenda.
• Split Tone & Duotone LUTs: Zida zopangira izi zimakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yosiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yowunikira pachithunzichi kuti muzitha kuyang'anira mozama komanso tsatanetsatane.
• Ma LUTs a Darkroom Emulation: Ndi izi, mutha kutsanzira ma emulsions otchuka amafilimu ngati Black & White pogawanika zithunzi za toning ndi kukulitsa tsatanetsatane wokhala ndi ma curve apakati kapena mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
• Matebulo a Vintage Lookup (LUT): Kubwezeretsanso mawonekedwe amtundu wamtunduwu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe enieni a mpesa sikunakhalepo kophweka kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwama tabu a retro owuziridwa a Vintage Lookup (LUT).

Maphunziro aukadaulo a LUT

Maphunziro aukadaulo a LUT kupitirira mtundu grading ndi normalization. Mitundu iyi ya LUT idapangidwa makamaka kuti ikhale ndi kukhudzika kwina kwa Akuda, Azungu, Kulimba kapena Gamma. Ma LUT awa amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zovuta zilizonse panthawi yopanga, monga kusagwirizana kwamitundu pakati pa makamera osiyanasiyana kapena magwero a kuwala.

Mwachitsanzo, a luso LUT angagwiritsidwe ntchito kugwirizanitsa akuda ndi azungu pamakamera awiri osiyana kotero kuti akayang'ana pa polojekiti imodzi, amawoneka osasinthasintha komanso ofanana malinga ndi kamvekedwe.

Maphunziro aukadaulo a LUT itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zapadera monga:

• Kujambula kotentha posintha mitundu pamithunzi yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito LUTs

LUTs (Yang'anani mmwamba Matebulo) ndi chida chofunikira pakuyika mitundu m'makampani opanga mafilimu ndi mavidiyo amateur. Amapereka njira yachangu, yothandiza, komanso yowongoka yogwiritsira ntchito ndikuwongolera kuwongolera kwamitundu ku polojekiti yanu, kukuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna komanso kumva mwachangu.

Mu gawoli, tiwona ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ma LUT ndi chifukwa chake ali ofunikira pakuyika mitundu:

• Kuwongolera kwamtundu kwachangu komanso kothandiza
• Mtundu wofananira pazithunzi zingapo
• Zosavuta kusintha ndikusintha mwamakonda
• Zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pama projekiti akuluakulu

Mwachangu

Kufufuza matebulo (LUTs) perekani opangira utoto ndi njira zolondola, zolondola komanso zodalirika zowonera zochitika kapena kuwombera. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri pothandizira kuti mtundu ukhale wosasinthasintha pakati pa kuwombera kuwiri kapena zithunzi, ngakhale zitawomberedwa pamakamera osiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsa ntchito LUT yopangidwa kale, mutha kuyamba mwachangu ndi giredi yanu yonse kenako ndikuwonjezeranso ngati kuli kofunikira.

LUTs zimathandizanso kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa polojekiti popanda kusokoneza ubwino wake uliwonse polola wojambula zithunzi kuti azitha kujambula zithunzi zingapo nthawi imodzi m'malo mwa payekha. Amapereka chiwongolero chokwanira pamawonekedwe omaliza ndi kamvekedwe ka mndandanda wonse kuti chimango chilichonse chiwoneke chofanana komanso chokongola. Kuphatikiza apo, ma LUT atha kupereka zowonjezera zowoneka bwino pojambula powonjezera pang'ono kusiyanitsa, machulukitsidwe, kapena kuwala komwe kuli kofunikira, zomwe sizingatheke posintha mafelemu pamanja.

• Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito LUTs:
  • Yambani mwachangu ndi giredi yanu yonse
  • Chepetsani nthawi yogwira ntchito
  • Kuwongolera kwakukulu pamawonekedwe omaliza ndi kamvekedwe ka mndandanda wonse
  • Zowonjezera zowonjezera pazithunzi zonse
  • Yang'anani mwachilengedwe chifukwa cha kusanja kwamitundu kutengera masamu ovuta
  • Thandizani kukonza zovuta monga zoponya mitundu popanda kusintha magawo angapo nthawi imodzi

Kusagwirizana

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Look Up Tables (LUTs) pakuyika mitundu, nthawi yofunikira kuti musinthe mapulojekiti onse imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi zipangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yofulumira kwambiri, popanda kutayika kwabwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukayika chithunzi kapena mndandanda wazithunzi mogwirizana ndi LUTs, mudzatha kuwonetsetsa kuti zosintha zilizonse zomwe mudapanga polojekiti yonse zikukhalabe zofananira. Izi zimakulolani kuti mutsimikizire kusasinthasintha kwapamwamba komanso kulondola pakati pa kuwombera kwa munthu aliyense ndikuthandizira kusunga maonekedwe ndi kumverera pazithunzi zonse, m'malo mokhala nazo paliponse. Kusasinthasintha pamene mtundu wa grading uli chinsinsi popereka uthenga wabwino komanso kufotokoza nkhani yanu moyenera.

Quality

Chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zogwiritsa ntchito Yang'anani Mmwamba Matebulo (LUTs) pamene kuyika mitundu ndi mawonekedwe abwino azithunzi. Poyamba, ma LUT ndi olondola kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira zina chifukwa amathandizira njira yonseyo poyang'ana sayansi ndi masamu omwe adakonzedweratu. Ndi ma aligorivimu apakompyuta ndi ntchito zodziwikiratu kutengera mapatani ena ndi mitundu yamitundu, ogwiritsa ntchito atha kupindula ndi kusanja koyenera kwa mitundu komwe kumatulutsa zotsatira zofananira. Izi zimathandiza kuwonetsetsa kuti mapulojekiti onse azikhala apamwamba kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa pali zolakwika zochepa monga kufananiza kwa khungu kapena kufananiza mitundu molakwika pazithunzi zina.

Mbali ina yaubwino imakhudzana ndi liwiro komanso magwiridwe antchito okhudzana ndi ma LUT. Poyerekeza ndi njira zamanja monga ma curve or oyendetsa zomwe zimafuna nthawi yochuluka yodziwira mfundo, milingo, zizindikiro ndi zina zokhudzana ndi kuwombera kulikonse (kutenga zinthu zamtengo wapatali), kugwiritsa ntchito LUTs kumapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete mwa liwiro lomwe limathandiza kuchepetsa ndalama mwa kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito yofunikira pamapulojekiti onse. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito zongochitika zokha monga izi zimapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zolondola munthawi yochepa kwambiri-zabwino kuwombera pa ndandanda yolimba kapena kungowonetsetsa kuti masiku omalizira akwaniritsidwa mwachangu komanso moyenera.

Kutsiliza

Pomaliza, LUTs ndi chida chofunikira kwa okonda mitundu popanga mitundu yofananira pama projekiti ndi makamera. Ndi kuthekera kofananiza mitundu kudzera pamapu a gamut ndi HDR, LUTs amapereka zotsatira zodalirika mwamsanga. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wawo wamphamvu komanso wothandiza, mayendedwe amtundu uliwonse amathandizidwa ndi mitundu yolemera komanso Malo olondola amitundu. Ndi chidziwitso choyenera, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a colorists amatha kukhala ochulukirapo Zamphamvu kuposa kale lonse.

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.