Mfundo 12 za Makanema: Buku Lokwanira

pa kim Zasinthidwa: March 28, 2023

Kodi nthawi zina mumavutikiranso kupanga makanema ojambula owoneka bwino komanso okopa?

Ngati ndi choncho, simuli nokha. Wazojambula ndi luso lapadera lomwe limafunikira kusamalidwa bwino kwaukadaulo komanso kumvetsetsa kwasayansi.

Mwamwayi, pali mfundo zina zofunika zomwe zingakutsogolereni paulendo wanu wopita ku makanema ojambula owoneka bwino.

Lowetsani Mfundo 12 za Makanema.

Mfundo 12 za makanema ojambula zidapangidwa ndi owonetsa makanema a Disney Ollie Johnston ndi Frank Thomas ndipo adasindikizidwa m'buku lotchedwa "The Illusion of Life". Awa ndi malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni kupanga makanema owoneka ngati amoyo komanso owona.

M'nkhaniyi, tisanthula Mfundo khumi ndi ziwirizi mwatsatanetsatane, kuti mutha kutengera luso lanu la makanema pamlingo wina.

1. Sikwashi ndi Tambasula

Sikwashi ndi kutambasula ndi mfundo yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri komanso zofunika kwambiri pakupanga makanema.

Ndi njira yokokomeza mawonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zilembo kapena zinthu kuti apange chinyengo cha unyinji, kulemera, ndi mphamvu. Chinthu chikaphwanyidwa, chimaoneka ngati chikupanikiza, ndipo chikatambasulidwa, chimaoneka ngati chachitali.

Izi zimatsanzira khalidwe lotanuka la zinthu zenizeni zamoyo ndipo zimapereka chidziwitso cha kuyenda ndi kulemera. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe osavuta monga kudumpha mpira kapena mayendedwe ovuta kwambiri monga minofu yamunthu. Digiri ya kukokomeza zitha kukhala zoseketsa kapena zobisika, kutengera zosowa za makanema ojambula.

2. Kuyembekezera

Chiyembekezo ndi mfundo ya makanema ojambula yomwe imaphatikizapo kukonzekera wowonera kuti achite zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuchitika. Ndi mphindi yokha kuti chochitika chachikulu chichitike, pomwe munthu kapena chinthu chikukonzekera kudumpha, kudumpha, kumenya, kuponya, kapena kuchita china chilichonse. Kuyembekezera kumathandiza kuti chochitikacho chikhale chokhulupiririka komanso chogwira mtima popatsa wowonera chidziwitso cha zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuchitika.

Kuyembekezera komanso kutsatira (pambuyo pake pamndandandawu) ndi mfundo ziwiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuyambira ndi kutsiriza mayendedwe. Chiyembekezo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera omvera kuti apite patsogolo, pamene kutsatiridwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange chidziwitso cha kupitiriza pambuyo pake. Mfundozi ndizofunikira pakupanga mayendedwe otsimikizika komanso odabwitsa.

3. Kuchita masewera

Kusinthana ndi mfundo ina yomwe ili yofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa makanema ojambula. Mfundo imeneyi ikukhudza kuyika kwa zinthu ndi zilembo mkati mwa chimango. Mwa kuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika ndikupewa zododometsa zosafunikira, opanga makanema amatha kupanga chiwonetsero chomveka bwino komanso cholunjika. Izi zitha kutheka posamalira malo a kamera, kuwala, ndi malo a zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa chimango.

4. Imani ndi Kulunjika Patsogolo

Ima poima ndi patsogolo molunjika ndi njira ziwiri zosiyana za makanema ojambula. Kuyika kumaphatikizapo kupanga zoyimira zazikulu ndi kudzaza mipata pakati pawo, pomwe kutsogolo kumaphatikizapo kusuntha kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto. Wojambula akamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Straight Ahead Action, amayamba kumayambiriro kwa kanemayo ndikujambula chimango chilichonse motsatizana mpaka kumapeto.

Kodi Muyenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Iti?

Chabwino, ine ndikhoza kunena mwachidule za ichi… Mu kuyimitsa zoyenda makanema ojambula pali kokha mavidiyo molunjika patsogolo. Chifukwa pafupifupi zosatheka kupanga chithunzi ndi zinthu zenizeni.

Komabe, nditha kunena izi pokhudzana ndi njira yowonetsera positi. Poyimitsa mayendedwe muyenera kukonzekera mosamala zonse. Ngati mukuyenda mozungulira, mutha kudziwiratu komwe malo okhudza adzakhale. Monga munganene mukamayatsa ma keyframes kuti muyike. Chifukwa chake mwanjira imeneyo njirayo imakhala yofanana, koma makanema ojambula akachitika, amakhala patsogolo molunjika.

5. Tsatirani ndi Kuphatikizira Ntchito

Tsatirani ndi Overlapping Action ndi mfundo ya makanema ojambula omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mayendedwe achilengedwe komanso odalirika a zilembo ndi zinthu.

Lingaliro la mfundo imeneyi ndi lakuti pamene chinthu kapena khalidwe likuyenda, sikuti zonse zimayenda nthawi imodzi kapena pa liwiro lofanana. Magawo osiyanasiyana a chinthu kapena mawonekedwe azisuntha mosiyanasiyana pang'ono komanso mbali zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda kowona komanso kwamadzimadzi.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani munthu akuthamanga. Pamene akupita patsogolo, tsitsi lawo likhoza kuyenderera chammbuyo, manja awo amatha kugwedezeka kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, ndipo zovala zawo zimatha kugwedezeka ndi mphepo. Kusuntha konseku kumachitika mosiyanasiyana komanso mosiyanasiyana, koma ndi gawo limodzi lamayendedwe onse.

Kuti apange izi mu makanema ojambula, opanga makanema amagwiritsa ntchito "kutsatira" ndi "kuchita mophatikizika". Kutsatira ndi pamene mbali za chinthu kapena munthu zimapitiriza kuyenda ngakhale mayendedwe akuluakulu atayima. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akasiya kuthamanga, tsitsi lawo likhoza kupitiriza kuyenda chammbuyo kwakanthawi. Kuchita modutsana ndi pamene mbali zosiyanasiyana za chinthu kapena khalidwe zimayenda mosiyanasiyana, kupangitsa kuyenda kwamadzimadzi komanso kwachilengedwe.

6. Pang'onopang'ono ndi Pang'onopang'ono

The "mochedwa komanso mochedwa” Mfundo ndi mfundo yofunikira koma yofunika kwambiri pa makanema ojambula yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwonjezera mafelemu ambiri kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa kachitidwe kuti apange mawonekedwe achilengedwe komanso amadzimadzi.

Lingaliro lofunikira pamfundoyi ndikuti zinthu sizimayenda mwachangu m'moyo weniweni. M'malo mwake, amakonda kufulumizitsa ndi kutsika pamene akuyamba ndi kusiya kusuntha. Powonjezera mafelemu ambiri kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa kayendetsedwe kake, opanga makanema amatha kupanga mathamangitsidwe pang'onopang'ono ndi kuchepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makanema aziwoneka bwino komanso odalirika.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kupanga makanema ojambula oyima a mpira ukugudubuzika pansi, mutha kujambula zithunzi zingapo za mpirawo pamalo osiyanasiyana pomwe ukuyamba kugudubuzika, kenako onjezerani pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa zithunzi zomwe mumajambula pamene ukukulirakulira. , ndikuchepetsanso kuchuluka kwa zithunzi zikayimitsidwa.

7. Arc

The arc mfundo ndiyofunikira pakupanga makanema chifukwa imawonetsa malamulo afizikiki ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe cha mphamvu yokoka. Chinthu kapena munthu akamayenda, amatsatira njira yachibadwa yomwe si yowongoka koma yokhota. Powonjezera ma arcs kumakanema, opanga makanema amatha kupanga makanema kuti aziwoneka mwachilengedwe komanso owona.

Chitsanzo cha momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ma arcs mu makanema ojambula ndi pamene munthu akuyenda. Munthu akamasuntha manja ndi miyendo, amatsatira ma arcs osiyanasiyana. Pokhala ndi chidwi ndi ma arcs, opanga makanema amatha kupanga zojambula zokongola komanso zachilengedwe. Chitsanzo china ndi pamene mpira waponyedwa, umatsatira arc kupyolera mumlengalenga chifukwa cha mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa iwo. Powonjezera ma arcs achiwiri ku makanema ojambula, opanga makanema amatha kupangitsa kuti kuyenda kuwonekere kwamadzimadzi komanso kwachilengedwe.

8.Zochita Zachiwiri

Sekondale zochita amatanthauza lingaliro lakuti zinthu zoyenda zidzapanga mayendedwe achiwiri m'zigawo zina za thupi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kapena kutsindika zomwe zikuchitika pachiwonetsero. Kuonjezera zochitika zina kungathe kuwonjezera kuya kwa otchulidwa ndi zinthu zanu.

Mwachitsanzo, kusuntha mochenjera kwa tsitsi la munthu pamene akuyenda, kapena mawonekedwe a nkhope, kapena chinthu chachiwiri chikuchita choyamba. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, chochita chachiŵirichi sichiyenera kuchotsa choyambiriracho.

9. Nthawi ndi katalikirana

Ndikuganiza kuti kuyimitsa mayendedwe ichi ndiye chofunikira kwambiri. Zimapereka tanthauzo ku kayendetsedwe kake.

Kuti tigwiritse ntchito mfundo imeneyi ya makanema ojambula, tiyenera kuganizira malamulo a physics ndi mmene amagwirira ntchito pa chilengedwe.

Nthawi kumakhudza kutalika kwa nthawi chinthu chili pa zenera, pamene kutalikirana kumakhudza kuyika ndi kuyenda kwa chinthucho.

Kutengera ndi mtundu wanji wa mayendedwe kapena chinthu chomwe mukufuna kufotokoza muyenera kuganizira kuchuluka koyenera kochepetsera. Ngati mungasunthe chinthu mwachangu kapena pang'onopang'ono poyerekeza ndi kayendedwe kake kachilengedwe m'dziko lenileni, makanema ojambulawo sangakhulupirire.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mfundoyi pojambula makanema ojambula, choyamba ganizirani za framerate yomwe mukuwombera. Ngati mukuwombera pa imodzi kapena ziwiri, mutha kuwombera mafelemu 12 kapena 24 motsatana.

Kenako, khazikitsani nthawi yotsatizana yanu pasadakhale. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi mpira wozungulira ndipo nthawi yowombera ndi masekondi 3.5, chulukitsani nthawi yowomberayo ndi framerate yanu, mwachitsanzo mafelemu 12.

Chifukwa chake tsopano mukudziwa kuti pakuwomberaku mufunika zithunzi za 42 (3.5 x 12).

Ngati mukufuna kuyeza mtunda, chinthucho chiyenera kuyenda mukuwombera. Tinene kuti ndi 30 cm ndikugawa mtunda ndi kuchuluka kwa mafelemu. Kotero mu chitsanzo chathu, 30/42 = 0.7 mm pa chimango.

Zachidziwikire kuti muyenera kuganizira kuchuluka koyenera kochepetsera. Chifukwa chake sizingakhale zenizeni 0.7 mm pa chimango chilichonse.

10.Kukokomeza

Mfundo imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zochititsa chidwi ndi makanema ojambula pamanja. Makanema amagwiritsa ntchito mokokomeza kupanga mayendedwe ndi mawu akulu kuposa moyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri.

Ngakhale kuti makanema ojambula pamanja akuyenera kuwoneka mwachilengedwe, amafunikira kukokomeza pang'ono kuti akhale ogwira mtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayendedwe ayenera kukhala okulirapo pang'ono kuposa momwe angakhalire m'moyo weniweni, ndikupanga kusintha kwakukulu.

Kukokomeza ndi mfundo yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mogwira mtima kwambiri pakujambula. Mwa kukokomeza mbali zina za makanema ojambula, opanga makanema amatha kupangitsa kuti omvera azikhala ndi chidwi komanso chidwi.

11. Chojambula cholimba

Kujambula kolimba ndi mfundo ina yofunika kwambiri yomwe opanga makanema ayenera kuganizira. Mfundo imeneyi ndi yokhudzana ndi momwe zinthu ndi zilembo zimajambulidwa m'miyeso itatu. Pokhala ndi chidwi ndi mawonekedwe a makanema ojambula, opanga makanema amatha kupanga makanema owoneka bwino komanso okopa.

12. Pemphani

Kukonda ndi mfundo ina yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pa makanema ojambula. Mfundo imeneyi ikukhudza mmene anthu otchulidwa komanso zinthu zina zimakokedwera kuti zikope omvera. Pokhala ndi chidwi ndi momwe zilembo zimakokedwa kapena kupangidwira, opanga makanema amatha kupanga makanema osangalatsa komanso amphamvu.

Alan Becker

Tiyeni tikambirane za Alan Becker, wojambula makanema waku America komanso umunthu wa YouTube wodziwika popanga mndandanda wa Animator vs. Animation. Ndikuganiza kuti ali ndi malongosoledwe abwino kwambiri komanso omveka bwino okhudza mfundo 12 zamakanema, ndiye yang'anani iyi!

Kodi Mumachita Bwanji Mfundo 12 Za Makanema?

Tsopano, kuti mugwiritse ntchito mfundo izi, muyenera kuyamba ndi kuziphunzira. Pali matani azinthu kunja uko omwe angakuphunzitseni ins ndi zotuluka za mfundo iliyonse, koma chofunikira kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito limodzi. Mfundo iliyonse imathandizira kuti makanema anu aziyenda bwino.

Imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zochitira masewera ndi yotchuka: mpira wodumpha. Lili ndi pafupifupi chirichonse. Squash ndi kutambasula, pamene mpira watsala pang'ono kugunda pansi. Ili ndi "pang'onopang'ono komanso mochedwa", mpira ukayamba. Imayenda mu arc ndipo mutha kuyesa mitundu yonse nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

Mukamvetsetsa bwino mfundozo, ndi nthawi yoti muyambe kuzigwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yanu. Apa ndipamene chisangalalo chenicheni chimayambira! Yambani kuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana ndikuwona momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mfundozo kuti muwongolere makanema anu. Mwinamwake yesani kuwonjezera sikwashi ndi kutambasula kwa otchulidwa anu, kapena kusewera mozungulira nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupangitse kulemera ndi kufulumira.

Koma apa pali chinthu. Simungangodalira mfundo zokha. Muyeneranso kukhala ndi luso komanso malingaliro! Gwiritsani ntchito mfundozo ngati maziko, koma musaope kuswa malamulo ndikuyesera china chatsopano. Umu ndi momwe mungapangire makanema anu kuti awonekere.

Gwiritsani ntchito mfundo 12 za makanema ojambula poziphunzira, kuzigwiritsa ntchito, kenako kuziphwanya. Zili ngati kuphika chakudya chokoma, koma ndi zilembo zanu ndi mafelemu m'malo zosakaniza ndi zonunkhira.

Kutsiliza

Ndiye muli nazo, mfundo 12 za makanema ojambula zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Disney ndi ma studio ena ambiri kuti apange ena mwa anthu osaiwalika ndi zochitika m'mbiri ya makanema ojambula.

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa izi, mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti mupange makanema ojambula pawokha kukhala ngati amoyo komanso okhulupirira.

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.