Kuwona za Art of Puppetry mu Cinema

pa kim Zasinthidwa: July 11, 2022

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe opanga mafilimu amagwiritsira ntchito zidole m'mafilimu? Ndi funso lomwe anthu ambiri amafunsa, ndipo pali njira zambiri zomwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Zidole zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri m'mafilimu, kuyambira popereka mpumulo wamatsenga mpaka kukhala protagonist wamkulu. Ena mwa mafilimu otchuka kwambiri m’mbiri agwiritsa ntchito zidole monga “The Wizard of Oz,” “The Dark Crystal,” ndi “Team America: World Police.”

M’nkhaniyi, ndiona mmene opanga mafilimu amagwiritsira ntchito zidole m’mafilimu ndi zina mwa zitsanzo zotchuka kwambiri.

Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Zojambula za Puppetry

Kodi Puppetry Arts ndi chiyani?

Luso la zidole ndi luso lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito zidole kunena nthano, kufotokoza zakukhosi, ndikupanga luso lapadera la zisudzo. Zidole ndi mtundu wa zisudzo womwe wakhalapo kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ndipo ukadali wotchuka mpaka pano. Zidole zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusangalatsa, kuphunzitsa, ngakhalenso kudziwitsa anthu nkhani zofunika.

Mitundu ya Zojambula za Puppetry

Zojambula za zidole zimabwera m'njira zambiri, ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi kalembedwe kake. Nayi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya zidole:

• Zidole za Marionette: Zidole za Marionette ndi mtundu wa zidole zomwe wochita zidole amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe kapena ndodo kuti aziwongolera kayendedwe ka chidole. Zidole zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo owonetsera ana.
• Zidole za Mthunzi: Zidole za Shadow ndi mtundu wa zidole pomwe wosewera amagwiritsa ntchito gwero lowala kuponya mithunzi pazenera. Zidole zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza nkhani ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera.
• Chidole cha Ndodo: Chidole cha ndodo ndi mtundu wa zidole zomwe wochita zidole amagwiritsa ntchito ndodo kuti aziwongolera kayendedwe ka chidole. Zidole zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa TV ndi mafilimu.
• Zidole za Pamanja: Zidole za m'manja ndi mtundu wa zidole zomwe zidole zimagwiritsa ntchito manja ake kuwongolera kayendedwe ka chidole. Zidole zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo amasewera a ana ndi wailesi yakanema.

Ubwino wa Zojambula za Puppetry

Zojambula za zidole zimatha kukhala njira yabwino yosangalalira, yophunzitsa, komanso yodziwitsa anthu zinthu zofunika. Nazi zina mwazabwino za luso la zidole:

• Zingathandize kuti ana aziphunzira powapangitsa kukhala osangalatsa komanso ogwirizana.
• Zingathandize kudziwitsa anthu nkhani zofunika m'njira yolenga komanso yosangalatsa.
• Zingathandize kulimbikitsa luso ndi kulingalira mwa ana.
• Zingathandize kukulitsa luso loyankhulana ndi kucheza ndi ana.

Zojambula za zidole zimatha kukhala njira yabwino yosangalalira, yophunzitsa, komanso yodziwitsa anthu zinthu zofunika. Kaya ndinu zidole, kholo, kapena munthu amene amakonda zidole, luso la zidole lingakhale njira yabwino yosangalalira ndi kuphunzira zina zatsopano.

Zithunzi Zamakina mu 1920s

Njira Yosonkhezeredwa ndi Zidole

M'zaka za m'ma 20s, ku Ulaya kunali kokhudza luso la zidole! Anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makatuni opangidwa ndi Vladimir Mayakovsky (1925), m'mafilimu oyesera aku Germany monga Oskar Fischinger ndi Walter Ruttmann's, komanso m'mafilimu ambiri omwe Lotte Reiniger adatulutsa mpaka m'ma 30s. Kuphatikiza apo, idalimbikitsidwa ndi miyambo yaku Asia ya zidole zamthunzi ndi zoyeserera pa cabaret ya Le Chat Noir (The Black Cat).

The Double

Kukhalapo kwapawiri, kwauzimu kapena kwa ziwanda, kunali kodziwika mu cinema ya expressionist. Mutha kuziwona mu The Student of Prague (1913), The Golem (1920), The Cabinet of Dr Caligari (1920), Warning Shadow (1923) ndi M (1931).

Chidole, Chidole, Automaton, Golem, Homunculus

Anthu opanda mzimu awa anali paliponse mu '20s! Iwo anaukira chophimba kusonyeza mphamvu ya makina kuukira wopanga wake. Mutha kuwawona mu The Devil Doll (1936), Die Puppe (The Doll, 1919), RUR (kapena RUR, Rossum's Universal Robots) ya Karel Čapek, Der Golem (The Golem) lolemba Gustav Meyrink, Metropolis (1926), ndi The Seashell ndi Atsogoleri (1928).

Makina a Aesthetic

Kukongola kwa makina kunali koopsa mu '20s! Inalipo mu L'Inhumaine (The Inhumane) lolemba Marcel L'Herbier, Le Ballet mécanique (The Mechanical Ballet, 1924) lolemba Fernand Léger, Man Ray ndi Dudley Murphy, komanso "nyimbo zowonera" za Viking Eggeling, Walter Ruttmann. , Hans Richter ndi Kurt Schwerdtfeger. Kuphatikiza apo, a Futurists anali ndi nyimbo zawo zamakanema, "sewero lazinthu".

Kulengedwa kwa Chidole cha Sandman

Munthu Kuseri kwa Chidole

Gerhard Behrendt ndiye anali katswiri pa chidole cha Sandman. M’milungu iŵiri yochepa chabe, anatha kupanga chidole chachitali cha 24 centimita chokhala ndi mbuzi yoyera ndi kapu yosongoka.

Ntchito Zamkati

Ntchito zamkati za chidole cha Sandman zinali zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Chinali ndi mafupa achitsulo osunthika, omwe amalola kuti azitha kujambula mosiyanasiyana komanso mosiyanasiyana pojambula. Kusintha kulikonse kwakung'ono kunajambulidwa pa kamera, kenako kulumikizidwa kuti apange a kuyimitsa filimu.

Zokhudza Mtima

Pamene gawo loyamba la Sandman lidawulutsidwa mu Novembala 1959, zidakumana ndi machitidwe okhudza mtima. Kumapeto kwa gawoli, Sandman adagona pakona ya msewu. Zimenezi zinachititsa ana angapo kulemba makalata, kupereka chidolecho mabedi awo!

Chodabwitsa cha Baby Yoda

Mtengo Wamatsenga

Grogu, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti Baby Yoda, ndi katswiri waluso, luso ndi uinjiniya wa madola 5 miliyoni. Zimatengera zidole zisanu kuti chidolechi chikhale chamoyo, aliyense amayang'anira mbali zosiyanasiyana za kayendedwe ka Grogu ndi kafotokozedwe kake. Wosewera zidole mmodzi amalamulira maso, wina amalamulira thupi ndi mutu, wachitatu amasuntha makutu ndi pakamwa, wachinayi amapangitsa manja kukhala amoyo, ndipo wachisanu amakhala ngati woyendetsa zidole ndipo amapanga chovalacho. Kambiranani za chiwonetsero chazidole chamtengo wapatali!

Matsenga a Zidole

Mayendedwe ndi mawu a Grogu ali ngati moyo, zimakhala ngati watilodza tonse! Ochita zidole asanu amamubweretsa kumoyo, aliyense ali ndi luso lake lapadera. Wina amayendetsa maso, wina thupi ndi mutu, wachitatu amasuntha makutu ndi pakamwa, wachinayi amayendetsa manja, ndipo wachisanu amapanga zovala. Zili ngati kutilodza, ndipo sitingayang’ane kumbali!

Kugwirizanitsa Kupanga kwa Käpt'n Blaubär

Zomwe Zimayambira

Zimatengera mudzi kuti mupange gawo la Käpt'n Blaubär! Anthu okwana 30 adagwira nawo ntchito yopanga, ndipo onse adayenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi ngati makina opaka mafuta.

The Puppeteers

Ochita zidole anali nyenyezi zawonetsero! Nthawi zambiri zimatengera azidole awiri kuti apangitse a khalidwe - ina yakuyenda mkamwa ndi ina ya manja. Ngati wokonda zidole akufuna kuchita masitepe angapo ndi chidolecho, amayenera kulumikizana ndi chidolecho, kuphatikiza zowunikira, zingwe, njanji za zidole, ndi gulu lopanga zidole lomwe likuyenda mozungulira.

Cholinga

Cholinga cha gulu lonse chinali kupeza kuwombera kolondola kwa otchulidwa popanda omvera kuzindikira chipwirikiti cha gulu lopanga. Choncho, ochita zidolewo anayenera kusamala kwambiri kuti atsimikize kuti mayendedwe awo anali ogwirizana komanso kuti ogwira ntchitowo asadutse!

Zidole mu Sesame Street

Ndani?

• Wosewerera zidole Peter Röders ndiye amalowerera kwathunthu mu chidolecho, ndikuchipanga kukhala chigoba.
• Samson adapangidwa mu 1978 chifukwa cha nkhani za Sesame Street yaku Germany yopangidwa ndi NDR.

Bwanji?

• Mutu wa chidole umathandizidwa pamapewa apadera.
• Thupi la chidolecho limayimitsidwa kuchokera ku izi ndi zingwe za rabala, zofanana ndi thalauza pazingwe.
• Wochita zidole amayenera kubweretsa chithunzi cha "kugwedezeka" kukhala ndi moyo ndi khama lalikulu lakuthupi.
• Ndi kagawo kakang'ono kokha ka kayendedwe ka chidole ndi manja mkati mwa chithunzicho ndikuwoneka kunja.

Chani?

• Zidole ndi mtundu wa zisudzo kumene wosewera mpira amalowetsa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu mu chidolecho, ndikuchipanga kukhala chigoba.
• Pamafunika kuchita khama kwambiri ndipo tingayerekezere ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Thupi Lathunthu Lochita

• Wochita zidole amayenera kubweretsa chithunzi cha "kugwedezeka" kukhala ndi moyo ndi khama lalikulu lakuthupi.
• Kuyenda ndi manja onse mkati mwa chithunzicho kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso chidwi.
• Wochita zidole ayenera kusuntha chidolecho m'njira yowoneka bwino komanso yosangalatsa.
• Ndi ntchito ya thukuta, koma ndi bwino kuona momwe omvera akumvera!

Sewerani Zidole kuchokera ku Planet Melmac: Null Problemo-Alf ndi Tanner Family

Ntchito Yotuluka Thukuta ya Mihály "Michu" Mézáros

Polowa m'chidole cha mlendo Alf, Michu adakhala nthawi yotentha. Chigoba cholimba komanso chosasangalatsa chinali ngati sauna pansi pa zowunikira pa seti. Kuti zinthu ziipireipire, chidole chamanja chokhala ndi makina omangirira chinagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula zambiri.

Wofotokozera ndi Wopanga Zidole: Paul Fusco

Paul Fusco ndiye adapangitsa kuti Alf akhale ndi moyo. Iye anali wokonda zidole komanso wosimba za chidole cha Alf ameneyu, akusuntha makutu, nsidze ndi kuphethira maso. Iye ndi amene adapangitsa moyo wa banja la Tanner kukhala wosangalatsa.

Object Theatre: Siebenstein ndi "Koffer"

Sutikesi ya Cheeky

Ah, sutikesi yoyipa kwambiri yochokera pagulu la ana la ZDF German Television station, Siebenstein! Ndani angaiwale kamnyamata koyipa? Wojambula zidole Thomas Rohloff adabweretsa sutikesiyo kukhala yamoyo, ndipo zinali zowoneka bwino.

Object Theatre: Kupanga Kwapamwamba Kwambiri

Object theatre ndi gawo la zidole, ndipo mtundu wa Siebenstein wopanga unali wapamwamba kwambiri! Zinatengera gulu la anthu pafupifupi 20 kuti zitheke, ndipo tsiku lililonse kujambula kumatenga maola 10. Ogwira ntchitoyo ankakhazikitsa, kuyatsa, ndi kuwombera chochitika chilichonse kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana. Kenako, atatenga nthawi yopuma ndikusewera mochedwetsa kuti apangitse kuyenderera, amakhala ndi mphindi 5 za makanema owulutsa okonzeka kupita.

Kukonzekeretsa King Kong kwa Big Screen

The 1933 Milestone

Mu 1933, King Kong ndi White Woman adagunda skrini yayikulu ndikulemba mbiri! Chinali chiwonetsero cha zidole chokhala ndi zotulukapo zapadera. Kuti King Kong awoneke ngati akuwombedwa ndi mphepo, chithunzicho chinayenera kukhudzidwa ndikujambula nthawi miliyoni.

The 1976 Remake

Kukonzanso kwa John Guillermin ku King Kong mu 1976 kunagwiritsanso ntchito njira yofananira yoyimitsa, koma nthawi ino ubweya wa nyani udapesedwa komwe amafunikira akakhudza chilichonse. Zinatengera ndalama zokwana madola 1.7 miliyoni kupanga chifaniziro cha nyani wamtali wa mamita 12 ndi matani 6.5, koma chinangopezeka mufilimuyi kwa masekondi 15 okha. Kambiranani zodula!

Tikuphunzirapo

Kukonzekeretsa King Kong pachithunzi chachikulu sikophweka! Nazi zomwe taphunzira:

• Zowonetsa zidole zitha kukhala zokwera mtengo.
• Ukadaulo woyimitsa ndi wofunikira popanga zotsatira zenizeni.
• Kukhudza ubweya wa chithunzicho ndikofunika kwambiri popanga zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Kiristo Wamdima: Kupanga Zidole Kwa Epic Proportions

Kanema Woyamba

Kanema wongopeka wa Jim Henson mu 1982, The Dark Crystal, inali filimu yoyamba kuchitapo kanthu kukhala ndi zidole zokhazokha. Zinali ntchito yachikondi kwa Henson, yemwe anagwira ntchitoyo kwa zaka zisanu.

Pulogalamu ya Netflix ya Prequel

Netflix poyambirira idakonza zopanga makanema ojambula, koma adazindikira mwachangu kuti zidolezo ndizomwe zidapangitsa filimu ya Henson kukhala yapadera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, adaganiza zopita patsogolo ndi nyengo ya zidole 10 zapamwamba, zotchedwa The Dark Crystal: The Era of Resistance. Nkhanizi zidawonjezedwa pandandanda wa Netflix pa Ogasiti 30, 2019.

Luso la Zidole

Zidole ndizojambula zenizeni. Ochita zidole pakupanga mafilimu sadziwika kuti ndi oyenera, chifukwa amayenera kugwira ntchito mobisa. Ntchito yawo nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta komanso yotentha, ndipo amafunikira kuleza mtima ndi luso kuti athe kuwombera bwino.

Masomphenya a Director

Masomphenya a Director Louis Letterier pawonetsero anali oti owonera aiwale kuti amawonera zidole. Ndipo ndi zoona – zidolezi zili ngati moyo, n’zosavuta kuiwala kuti si zenizeni!

kusiyana

Chidole Vs Marionette

Zidole ndi zidole zonse ndi zidole, koma zimasiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zidole zimayendetsedwa ndi manja, pamene zidole zimayendetsedwa ndi zingwe kapena mawaya kuchokera pamwamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zidole zimatha kuyenda momasuka komanso zenizeni, pomwe zidole zimangokhala pakuyenda kwa manja a zidole. Nthawi zambiri zidole zimapangidwa ndi nsalu, matabwa, kapena pulasitiki, pamene zidole nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamatabwa, dongo, kapena minyanga ya njovu. Ndipo, potsirizira pake, zidole zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zisudzo, pamene zidole zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zosangalatsa za ana. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuyang'ana zochitika zenizeni, pitani ku marionette. Koma ngati mukuyang'ana china chake chosewera, chidole chingakhale njira yopitira!

Kutsiliza

Zidole ndi zojambulajambula zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafilimu kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo ndizodabwitsa kwambiri kuona kuti ndi khama lotani popanga anthuwa. Kuyambira pa Sandman mpaka Baby Yoda, zidole zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangitsa anthu kukhala ndi moyo m'njira yapadera komanso yokopa. Ndiye ngati mukuyang'ana njira yosangalatsa komanso yopangira yowonera dziko lamafilimu, bwanji osayesa zidole? Ingokumbukirani kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zanu ndipo musaiwale kusangalala - pambuyo pake, siwonetsero wa zidole popanda kuseka pang'ono!

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.