Raira Mabhatani: Ndeapi MuComputing & Mashandisiro Awo

by kim Updated: July 6, 2022

Mabhatani ekuraira akakosha chikamu cheakawanda mapurogiramu emakombuta uye maapplication. Vanopa nzira inokurumidza uye iri nyore yekuita mirairo, nekungodzvanya kumwe chete.

Mabhatani ekuraira anowanzo kuwanikwa sechikamu chemushandisi interface, ingave mune yakatsaurirwa menyu kana sechikamu cheturusi.

Kuwedzera mune ino chinyorwa, isu tichaenda pamusoro pezvakakosha zvekuraira mabhatani uye kupa mienzaniso mishoma yemashandisirwo awo.

Tsanangudzo yemabhatani ekuraira

Command mabhatani imhando yemushandisi interface inoshandiswa mumakombuta software uye mawebhusaiti. Iwo anomiririrwa nemaziso nezviratidzo kana mazwi uye anoshandiswa kuratidza chiito kana murairo unogona kutora mushandisi. Mabhatani ekuraira anowanzo kuratidzwa semabhokisi ane rectangular kana madenderedzwa ane zvinyorwa zvemurairo. Mufananidzo uye zvinyorwa mukati mebhatani zvinowanzochinja ruvara kana murairo uchitenderedzwa pamusoro kana kudzvanywa, zvichiratidza kuti waitwa.

Kazhinji, vashandisi vanodyidzana nemabhatani ekuraira nekuadzvanya pamwe nembeva cursor kana kushandisa chinongedza mudziyo senge trackpad. Kana bhatani radzvanywa, bhatani rinoita chiito chakaiswa nemugadziri wayo sekudhinda, chengetedza, dzokera kana kubuda.

Mabhatani ekuraira anogona zvakare kusanganisirwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzesoftware senge vhidhiyo editing zvirongwa uko mirairo yakaita sekutamba, kumbomira uye kudzosera kumashure zvinoenderana neyakajairwa mashandiro. Kuziva kushandisa nemazvo mabhatani ekuraira kwakakosha pamabasa mazhinji ekombuta saka zvakakosha kuti uzvizive nemashandisiro avanoita kuitira kuti uwedzere kubereka kwako nemakomputa.

Mhando dzeMabhatani ekuraira

Mabhatani ekuraira ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa graphical mushandisi interface (GUI) zvinhu mukombuta. Iwo akagadzirirwa kupa vashandisi nzira iri nyore yekutanga chimwe chiitiko pakudzvanya. Mabhatani ekuraira anogona kushandiswa kune akasiyana maapplication akadai sekuchinja marongero, kuita chirongwa, kana kuvhura faira. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora marudzi akasiyana emabhatani ekuraira, chitarisiko chavo, uye mashandisirwo awo.

Push Mabhatani

Bhatani rekusundidzira imhando yebhatani rekuraira iro rinowanzo shandiswa kuita chiito. Inowanzonzi "bhatani" uye kazhinji ine zvikamu zviviri; chigadziko chakamira uye bhatani chairo riri pamusoro rinogona kusundidzirwa kumusoro kana pasi kuti riite rairo. Push mabhatani anowanzo shandiswa sema switch, achibvumira vashandisi kuvhura kana kudzima zvishandiso, kuvhura zvirongwa, kufamba menyu uye webhusaiti link, uye kuita sarudzo mukati mezvishandiso kana zvirongwa.

Kune marudzi maviri emabhatani ekusundidzira - kwechinguvana uye kushandura - ayo anotsanangura kuti bhatani rinopindura sei kana rakadzvanywa. Mabhatani echinguvana anongoshandiswa kukonzeresa chiitiko sekuvhura imwe chirongwa kana application; kana mushandisi angoburitsa bhatani, hapana chimwe chiito chichaitika. Toggle push mabhatani anoramba achishanda kusvika abatwa zvakare kuti aite kuti asashande; rudzi urwu rwekuchinja runowanzo kuwanikwa mumavhidhiyo emitambo consoles, inodzora mitambo yemitambo senge yekumhanyisa marongero kana vhoriyamu mazinga.

Mune mazwi emakomputa, mabhatani mazhinji ekusundidzira ane graphic element senge icon inomiririra basa rairi kuita kana rakaitwa nekudzvanya bhatani pasi. Semuenzaniso, icon inogona kuratidza kudzvanya iyo ichakuendesa mberi nhanho imwe mukati mekuita kana menyu kuseta (kumberi museve), nepo imwe ichigona kudzosera kumashure mashandiro ako (museve wekumashure).

Mabhatani eRadio

Mabhatani eredhiyo zvinhu zvemushandisi zvinoshandiswa kuunganidza mapindiro kubva kumushandisi. Iyo dzimwe nguva inonziwo "Sarudzo Bhatani." Izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa kurega mushandisi asarudze kubva pane rondedzero yesarudzo. Semuenzaniso, vanogona kukubatsira kuti usarudze pakati penguva yekugadzwa Muvhuro uye neChipiri nguva yekugadzwa. Kana yadzvanywa, inova "yeredhiyo" kana kuvhurwa.

Kana bhatani reredhiyo rinopfuura rimwe richiwanikwa muboka rakapiwa, kusarudza rimwe rawo kunoita kuti vamwe vari muboka iroro vasarudze voga; neiyi nzira, bhatani reredhiyo rimwe chete muboka iroro rinogona kusarudzwa chero nguva. Izvi zvinomanikidza mushandisi kuita sarudzo yakajeka uye zvinovadzivirira kubva nekusaziva kusasarudza chero chinhu (chisingawanzo kudiwa).

Kuonekwa kwemabhatani eredhiyo kunoenderana nehurongwa hwekushandisa; kazhinji vanenge vaine madenderedzwa madiki anogona kuzadzwa nekadoti, chikwekwe kana kuyambuka kana achishanda kana asina chinhu kana asingaite kana asina kufunga. Chinyorwa chakakosha: Mabhatani eredhiyo anofanirwa kugara achisanganisira zvinhu zviviri zvakaparadzana zvekusarudza. Kana paine chinhu chimwe chete chekusarudza, saka chinofanira kuoneka sebhokisi rekutarisa pane redhiyo bhatani.

Check Mabhokisi

Cheki mabhokisi ndeimwe yemhando dzakasiyana dzemabhatani ekuraira ayo anogona kushandiswa mune graphical mushandisi interface. Aya mabhatani, ane rectangular muchimiro, anobvumira mushandisi kuratidza imwe kana kupfuura sarudzo kubva pane rondedzero yesarudzo. Cheki mabhokisi ane bhokisi risina chinhu rine chinyorwa chinotsanangura sarudzo yainomiririra, uye kana yadzvanywa nemushandisi, bhokisi rinozadzwa mukati kana "kutariswa" kusimbisa sarudzo yakasarudzwa. Kana isina kutariswa kana kucheneswa, sarudzo inoraswa.

Dzvanya maitiro echeki mabhokisi anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuti ari ega-sarudza kana akawanda-akasarudzwa. Bhokisi rekutarisa rimwe chete-sarudzo rinongoerekana rabvisa chero mamwe mapindiro akasarudzwa kana sarudzo iyoyo yaitwa - ichibvumira chinhu chimwe chete kuti chisarudzwe panguva - nepo mabhokisi ekutarisa akawanda-akasarudzika anobvumira kusarudzwa kwakawanda mukati meseti uye kazhinji kunoda kujekesa kusarudzika chiito ne mushandisi.

Aya mabhatani ekuraira anowanzo kuwanikwa mumabhokisi enhaurirano nemamenu ezvigadziriso, uko vashandisi vanofanirwa kuita sarudzo kubva pane rondedzero vasati vaenderera mberi nechiito. Sarudzo dzinobuda dzinowanzo ratidza kuti chikumbiro chinopindura sei kumirairo uye kuisa data kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi.

Mashandisiro Aunoita Mabhatani Ekuraira

Mabhatani ekuraira anoshandiswa muzvirongwa zvekombuta kuti zvive nyore kune vashandisi kudyidzana nesoftware. Anowanzo kuoneka semabhatani ane mavara paari uye anobatidzwa kana mushandisi adzvanya kana kuvabaya. Mabhatani ekuraira inzira huru yekuita zvirongwa mushandisi-hushamwari uye anogona kubatsira kukurumidza kuita. Mugwaro rino, tichakurukura mashandisiro emabhatani ekuraira uye zvakanakira kuashandisa.

Push Mabhatani

Mabhatani ekuraira, anozivikanwawo semabhatani ekusundidzira, zvidzoreso izvo mushandisi anogona kudzvanya kuratidza sarudzo yavo. Mabhatani ekuraira anonyanya kushandiswa mukati memafomu uye dialog mabhokisi kubvumira mushandisi kutora data rekuisa, kuvhara dialog box kana kuita chiito.

Mabhatani mazhinji ekuraira anoshandiswa kutanga chiito sekuwedzera chinopinda chitsva kana kudzima chimwe. Nekudaro, anogona kushandiswa nechero chiito chinoda kuti mushandisi ape mvumo - kungave nekudzvanya bhatani kana kumwe kutonga senge chinhu chemenyu. Kumwe kushandiswa kwemabhatani ekuraira kunosanganisira kudzora animation (senge museve unobwaira) kuitira kubata pfungwa uye kubvumira mushandisi kuti aise madiki-mafomu kana minda mukati mefomu iripo (izvi zvinobatsira pakuisa akawanda marudzi eruzivo paunenge uchigadzira chinhu) . Kuita kuti zvive nyore kumushandisi, mabhatani ekuraira anogona kupa mazano anobatsira ekuti anoshandiswa sei.

Paunenge uchigadzira graphical mushandisi interface (GUI) yekombuta yako application, zvakakosha kuti ushandise anobudirira mameseji uye mameseji egiredhi bhatani rega rega rekuraira kuitira kuti vashandisi vekupedzisira vanzwisise zvinozoitika kana vakadzvanya. Rangarira zvakare kuti iwe unofanirwa kudzikisira kana kuenzanisa nhamba yemabhatani ekuraira pane yega yega peji kuitira kuti dzisanyanya kuwanda sarudzo dzinokurisa vashandisi vako. Izvo zvinobatsirawo kana ukazvigadzira zvine saizi uye chimiro kuitira kuti urambe uchijairana pamapeji nemashandisirwo; izvi zvinoita kuti kufamba pakati pezviratidziro kuve nyore kune vashandisi vako.

Mabhatani eRadio

Mabhatani eredhiyo mabhatani ekuraira mukombuta anobvumira vashandisi kuita sarudzo-imwe kubva kune dzakasiyana siyana dzakafanotsanangurwa sarudzo. Kuti ushandise mabhatani eredhiyo, mushandisi anongoda kudzvanya pane imwe sarudzo inozoratidzwa kana, mamwe masisitimu anogona zvakare "cheki" iyo. Mabhatani eredhiyo anogona chete kubvumira sarudzo imwe panguva ipi zvayo uye anowanzo shandiswa mumafomu kana mibvunzo.

Vanowanzoiswa pamwe chete muboka kuitira kuti sarudzo imwe chete pakati pezvisarudzo zvose inobvumirwa. Kana ukasarudza sarudzo kubva muboka, inobva yasarudza kuti ndeipi yakambotariswa uye yobva yatarisa sarudzo itsva pachinzvimbo-saka iri izwi: bhatani redhiyo. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kubvunza mibvunzo mumafomu kana 'pasina chimwe chezviri pamusoro' isiri mhinduro inogamuchirwa; haudi kuti mumwe munhu angosiya chero matanho asina chinhu!

Kupa kushandiswa kuri nani, “bhatani” rega rega rinofanirwa kuratidza zvarinoreva kana kumiririra (ichi chinogona kunge chiri chiratidzo kana chinyorwa) kuitira kuti vashandisi vanzwisise zvavanosarudza uye mabatiro avanoita. Zvakadaro, kana izvi zvisiri madikanwa, bhatani rekutumira rimwechete rinogona kushandiswa kana pasina dzimwe mhinduro dzakasiyana pakati pezvaungasarudza.

Check Mabhokisi

Cheki mabhokisi ndeimwe yemabhatani ekuraira akajairika anowanikwa mukombuta, achipa nzvimbo iyo munhu anogona kuratidza imwe nzira yekubvumirana kana zvaanoda. Kuti uvhure mabhatani ekuraira aya, vashandisi vanowanzodzvanya bhokisi kuti vawedzere cheki, iyo inoratidza kuti bhokisi rakasarudzwa. Neimwe nzira, mabhokisi asina kusarudzwa anogona kuoneka seasina chinhu masikweya.

Zvichienderana nechirongwa chiri kushandiswa, vashandisi vanogonawo kudzvanya uye kubata pasi bhatani ravo rembeva kuti vakwekwe mumabhokisi ekutarisa akawanda sechiito chimwe chete. Semuyenzaniso, akawanda epamhepo ekuodha masisitimu anoshandisa mabhokisi ekutarisa kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvinodiwa uyezve izvo zvinhu zvese zvinoiswa mune imwechete kurongeka pasina kuda kuenda kune yega yega chinyorwa chimwe nechimwe. Iyi sarudzo inowanzoiswa pamwechete pasi pemutsara wekuti "sarudza zvese".

Mienzaniso yeMabhatani ekuraira

Mabhatani ekuraira ndeye graphical mushandisi interface zvinhu zvinobvumira vashandisi kudyidzana nechirongwa. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa mumabhokisi emushandisi enhaurirano, uye anogona kushandiswa kuita akasiyana mashandiro. Mienzaniso yakajairika yemabhatani ekuraira OK, Kanzura, uye Rubatsiro. Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika yemabhatani ekuraira uye mashandisirwo awo.

Push Mabhatani

Push mabhatani zvidimbu zvenyama zvehardware zvinoshandiswa kudzora nekudyidzana nemidziyo yemagetsi. Anonzi push buttons nekuti ano activate kana ukaadzvanya. Push mabhatani anowanzo kuwanikwa pane emitambo consoles, microwaves, uye zvimwe midziyo yemagetsi, asi anowanzo sanganiswa nemakomputa nekuda kwemukurumbira wavo musystem yekushandisa uye application mushandisi interface.

Mabhatani ekuraira aripo sechikamu chemushandisi interface zvinhu zvinobvumira vashandisi kudyidzana nemidziyo yavo yemukombuta. Ivo vanowanzopa mukana kune menyu mirairo kana marongero (seseseti yekadhi rezwi). Mabhatani ekuraira anogona kuoneka muhukuru hwakasiyana uye maumbirwo anosanganisira rectangular mabhokisi akakomberedzwa nemuganhu, madenderedzwa kana masikweya ane mavara mavara kana mifananidzo mukati mawo. Mushandisi anopindirana nebhatani rekuraira nekuridzvanya kana kudzvanya necursor (kazhinji nebhatani rekuruboshwe).

Paunodzvanya bhatani rekuraira, zvimwe zviito zvinogona kuguma sekuvhura mamenu ekudonhedza (kudonhedza-pasi menyu), kuvhura maapplication, kuratidza dialog mabhokisi ekugadzirisa paramita kana kuita mashandiro pane graphical mushandisi interface (GUI). Semuenzaniso, kudzvanya bhatani rekuti "Zvakanaka" rinogona kuvhara hwindo rebhokisi rakavhurika uchidzvanya bhatani rekuti "Kanzura" rinogona kusetazve chero maparamendi akachinja kuhunhu hwawo hwepakutanga usati wavhara hwindo rimwe chete.

Mabhatani eRadio

Mabhatani eredhiyo mabhatani ekuraira anobvumira mushandisi kusarudza imwe yemaviri kana anopfuura akatemerwa kukosha. Muenzaniso wemabhatani eredhiyo kusarudzwa kwevakadzi, apo sarudzo imwe chete inogona kusarudzwa panguva (murume kana mukadzi). Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye "saizi" sarudzo muchitoro chendaneti - unogona kusarudza saizi imwe inoshanda kune zvese zvinhu.

Chinhu chinosiyanisa chemabhatani eredhiyo ndechekuti ivo vakasiyana: kana ukasarudza sarudzo imwe chete, dzimwe dzinova dzisina kusarudzwa. Izvi zvinosiyana nemabhokisi ekutarisa, ayo anobvumira akawanda kusarudzwa uye nekudaro haana "yakasarudzika" mamiriro. Nekuda kwechimiro chavo chakasarudzika uye chimiro chayo, mabhatani eredhiyo anogona kunyatso buritsa zvimhingamipinyi zvefomu uye sarudzo dzakareruka dzemushandisi kumushandisi wewebhu.

Nekudaro, mabhatani eredhiyo anofanirwa kushandiswa chete kana paine sarudzo shoma; kana paine nhamba huru yesarudzo zvinova zvakaoma kuti mushandisi atarise mazviri ese - semuenzaniso, kusarudza guta kubva kumazana emaguta anoratidzwa semabhatani eredhiyo zvingave zvinonetesa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, menyu ekudonha kana mabhokisi ekutsvaga anofanirwa kushandiswa panzvimbo.

Check Mabhokisi

Cheki mabhokisi mabhatani ekuraira anobvumira vashandisi kusarudza imwe kana kupfuura sarudzo kubva pane rondedzero. Kusarudza sarudzo kunowanikwa nekudzvanya bhokisi resikweya rinoshandiswa kumaka sarudzo. Sarudzo iyi inogona kushandurwa nekudzvanya bhokisi rebhokisi zvakare kuitira kusasarudza sarudzo. Mabhokisi echeki ane mashandisiro akawanda, sepamafomu epamhepo kana maapplication anoda kuti vashandisi vasarudze dzimwe sarudzo maererano nezvavanofarira uye ruzivo rwevanhu, pamwe nemawebhusaiti ekutenga anoratidza vashandisi vezvigadzirwa vanogona kuwedzera kune avo ekutenga zvinyorwa.

Kumwe kushandiswa kwecheki mabhokisi ndeyekutarisira mabasa, sekuwanikwa pane inodyidzana purojekiti manejimendi mapuratifomu anopa cheki mabhokisi emabasa ane chekuita neprojekiti yega yega uye runyorwa rwebasa. Mienzaniso yerudzi urwu rwepuratifomu inosanganisira yeMicrosoft's To-Do rondedzero uye Trello's board-based project manager interface.

Mabhatani eredhiyo akafanana muchimiro uye chinangwa chekutarisa mabhokisi nenzira dzakawanda, asi mabhatani eredhiyo anogona chete kuve nesarudzo mbiri dzinogoneka pane ruzhinji rwezvinogadziriswa sarudzo sezvinoonekwa nemabhokisi echeki.

mhedziso

Mukupedzisa, mabhatani ekuraira chinhu chakakosha uye chinowanzo shandiswa zvisina basa munyika yekombuta. Ingave ichishandiswa kuita mabasa akareruka senge kukopa nekuisa kana kuita zvakanyanya kuomarara sekumhanyisa chirongwa, mabhatani aya anogona kuchengetedza nguva, simba, uye kushanda nesimba kana uchipedza chero basa mukombuta. Kuti uashandise zvinobudirira, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise marudzi akasiyana emabhatani ekuraira, zvavanoita, uye mashandisirwo avanoitwa. Sezvo rudzi rwega rwebhatani rwakasiyana uye ruchikwanisa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvakawanda zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, zvakakosha kuti uverenge pamusoro pemirairo yakananga yakabatana nemabhatani ekuraira usati waita chero basa mukombuta.

Mhoroi, ndini Kim, amai uye munhu anofarira zvekumira-famba ane ruzivo mukugadzira midhiya nekuvandudzwa kwewebhu. Ndine chido chikuru chekudhirowa uye mifananidzo, uye ikozvino ndiri kunyura nemusoro munyika yekumira-kufamba. Neblog rangu, ndiri kugovera zvandinodzidza nemi varume.