SDI: Chii chinonzi Serial Digital Interface?

by kim Updated: July 9, 2022

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) tekinoroji inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekutepfenyura kufambisa dhijitari isina kudzvanywa Video signals.

SDI inokwanisa kutakura kusvika ku3Gbps yedata uku ichichengetedza yakaderera latency uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya.

Inowanzova musana wezvivakwa zvakawanda zvekutepfenyura, zvichibvumira masaini enyanzvi uye vhidhiyo masaini kuti atakurwe madaro marefu ane mashoma latency uye kurasikirwa kwemhando.

Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora izvo zvekutanga zveSDI uye kushandiswa kwayo muindasitiri yekutepfenyura.

Tsanangudzo yeSerial Digital Interface (SDI)

Serial Digital Interface (SDI) imhando yedhijitari interface inoshandiswa kutakura vhidhiyo yedhijitari uye masaini masaini.

SDI inogonesa kutapurirana kweasina kudzvanywa, asina kuvharika edhijitari vhidhiyo masiginecha pamusoro pemarefu madaro estudio kana nhepfenyuro.

Yakagadzirwa neSosaiti yeMotion Mufananidzo & Terevhizheni Injiniya (SMPTE) kuti ive inotsiva yeanalog inoumbwa vhidhiyo uye imwe nzira yechikamu vhidhiyo.

SDI inoshandisa chinongedzo-ku-poinzi chinongedzo pakati pemidziyo miviri, kazhinji ine coaxial tambo kana faibha optic pair, chero yakajairwa kana yakakwirira tsanangudzo resolution.

Kana maviri maSDI anokwanisa maturusi akabatana, inopa yakachena kutapurirana madaro marefu pasina compression artifacts kana kurasikirwa kwedata.

Izvi zvinoita kuti SDI ikwane zvizere kune maapplication akadai seyekutepfenyura mhenyu, uko mhando yemifananidzo inoda kuramba ichienderana kwenguva yakareba.

Mabhenefiti ekushandisa SDI anosanganisira kugona kwayo kudzikisa tambo inomhanya uye mutengo wemidziyo, kudyidzana pakati pemidziyo yakawanda yevagadziri, tsigiro yepamusoro yerutsigiro pane vhidhiyo inoumbwa uye yakagadziridzwa scalability pakuvaka masisitimu makuru.

Digital Vhidhiyo Nhepfenyuro (DVB) yakavakirwa pamatanho akafanana neSeri Digital Interface uye ichangobva kuvandudza mataurirwo ayo kuitira kuti ienderane nekuwedzera kukurumbira High Definition Television (HDTV).

tsananguro

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) imhando yedhijitari vhidhiyo chiyero chinoshandiswa kufambisa isina kudzvanywa, isina kuvharwa yedhijitari vhidhiyo uye odhiyo pamusoro peiyo serial interface pakati pemidziyo miviri.

Inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwemabhenefiti senge kumhanya, low latency, uye mutengo wakaderera. Ichi chinyorwa chine chinangwa chekupa tarisiro yeiyo SDI chiyero uye mashandisiro ayo.

Mhando dzeSDI

Serial Digital Interface (SDI) tekinoroji inoshandiswa muchimiro chehunyanzvi kutepfenyura iyo inogona kutumira chiratidzo chedhijitari mune serial fomu pamusoro pecoaxial tambo.

Inowanzo shandiswa kutakura yakakwirira-tsanangudzo odhiyo uye vhidhiyo data kubva kune imwe mudziyo kuenda kune imwe kana kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe mukati menzvimbo.

Muchinyorwa chino, isu tinopa muchidimbu nezve mhando dzeSDI uye nezvirevo zvadzo.

SDI inosanganisira akawanda mazinga eakasiyana data mareti uye latency, zvichienderana nekushandisa. Aya mazinga anosanganisira:

• 175Mb/s SD-SDI: Single-link standard yekushanda nemafomati anosvika 525i60 NTSC kana 625i50 PAL, pa48kHz audio frequency.
• 270Mb/s HD-SDI: Single link HD chiyero pa480i60, 576i50, 720p50/59.94/60Hz uye 1080i50/59.94/60Hz
• 1.483Gbps 3G-SDI: Dual link standard yekushanda nemafomati anosvika 1080p30Hz pa48 kHz audio frequency.
• 2G (kana 2.970Gbps): Dual link standard yekushanda nemafomati anosvika 720p50/60Hz 1080psf30 pa48 kHz audio frequency
• 3 Gb (3Gb) kana 4K (4K Ultra High Tsanangudzo): Quad link 4K dhijitari interface inopa masaini anosvika 4096 × 2160 @ 60 mafuremu pasekondi pamwe neyakaiswa gumi nematanhatu chiteshi 16kHz odhiyo.
• 12 Gbps 12G SDI: Inotsigira resolution kubva kuquad yakazara HD (3840 × 2160) kusvika ku8K mafomati (7680 × 4320) pamwe neakasanganiswa mapikicha magadzirirwo patambo imwechete mune ese maviri link uye mbiri * yekubatanidza modes.

Zvakanakira zveSDI

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) imhando yedhijitari chiratidzo chekufambisa inoshandiswa mukutepfenyura kugadzirwa uye postproduction nharaunda.

SDI isimba rakaomarara remuviri rinoda kusawedzera encoding kana decoding uye rinoshandiswa kufambisa yakakwirira-bandwidth vhidhiyo hova kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwetambo dzakadai seBNC coaxial cables, fiber optical cables, uye akamonyoroka mapeya.

SDI ine mabhenefiti akati wandei anoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira kune nhepfenyuro nyanzvi. Iyo inopa yakaderera latency kutapurirana uye isina musono kusanganisa pakati peakawanda vhidhiyo zvishandiso.

SDI zvakare inotsigira anosvika 8 chiteshi pa3Gbps, ichibvumira yemhando yepamusoro pikicha kugadziriswa pamasaini akawanda.

Pamusoro pezvo, SDI inotsigira High-Definition (HD) chikamu chechiyero che16:9 uye inogonesa 4:2:2 chroma sampling kuitira kuti iyo yepamusoro HD ruvara rwemavara ruchengetedzwe.

Zvakare, SDI inogona kuendeswa zviri nyore kuburikidza nearipo network pasina rewiring kana kudhura kukwidziridzwa kana kumisikidzwa madhiri zvichiita kuti ishande zvakanyanya.

Chekupedzisira, SDI inopa kutaurirana kwakachengeteka nekushandisa password yechokwadi kana uchibatanidza masosi kune vanogamuchira uchibvisa zvinogona kutyisidzira kubva kune vechitatu mapato panguva yekufambisa data pakati penzvimbo dzisina kurongwa dziri kure.

Zvakaipa zveSDI

Ndichiri kupa emhando yepamusoro vhidhiyo uye odhiyo yekubatanidza, pane mashoma akashata kune avo vanofunga SDI kana vachiongorora zvinodikanwa zveAV system.

Chekutanga, tambo dzinoshandiswa kufambisa masaini eSDI dzinogona kudhura hama kune mamwe masisitimu kana vhidhiyo tambo sarudzo dzakadai HDMI/DVI.

Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvinosanganisira kushaikwa kwerutsigiro mukati mezvigadzirwa zvevatengi, kazhinji nekuda kwemutengo wepamusoro wemidziyo inowirirana.

Pamusoro pezvo, sekubatana kweSDI kuri BNC zvibatanidza uye tambo dzefiber, adapta inoshandura inodiwa kana HDMI kana DVI kubatana kuchidikanwa.

Chimwe chinokanganisa ndechekuti michina yeSDI haina hunyanzvi pane yevatengi giredhi masisitimu anopa dhijitari yekumisikidza kugona.

Sezvo masaini eSDI ane ruzivo rusina kuomeswa rweodhiyo uye vhidhiyo, izvi zvinoreva kuti chero shanduko yechiratidzo inofanira kuitwa kuburikidza nekuzvitsaurira pa-bhodhi zvinodzora; saka kuita kuti kubatanidzwa kuve kwakaoma kupfuura mamwe magiredhi ehunyanzvi masisitimu.

Kushandiswa kwehukuru hukuru hwepakati mutambo yemaziso zvakare kunoita kuti ireme zvakanyanya kupfuura vayo giredhi revatengi pamwe nekupa imwe nzvimbo yekumisikidza kana ichienzaniswa nemasaini eanalogue - SDI inoshanda zvakanyanya pamadaro ari pakati pe500m-3000m nekurasikirwa kunoitika kupfuura iyi nhanho.

Applications

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) tekinoroji yakagadzirirwa kutepfenyura odhiyo uye vhidhiyo nekuvimbika kwakanyanya pamusoro pemadaro marefu.

Inowanzo shandiswa mumastudio eterevhizheni, editing masutu, uye ekunze mavhani ekutepfenyura uye inogona kufambisa isina kudzvanywa madhijitari masaini evhidhiyo nekumhanya kwakanyanya.

Ichi chikamu chichakurukura akasiyana mashandisirwo eSDI uye mashandisirwo aanoitwa muindasitiri yenhepfenyuro.

nhepfenyuro

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) yakakurumbira tekinoroji inoshandiswa mukutepfenyura matekinoroji kune ese baseband vhidhiyo uye masaini masaini.

Inotsigirwa nevazhinji vanogadzira, vachibvumira kubatanidzwa nyore uye kunoshanda kwechiratidzo chekufambisa.

SDI yakagadziridzwa kugadzirisa zvinodiwa neindasitiri yenhepfenyuro, ichibvumira HDTV kutepfenyura pamusoro petambo dzecoaxial kwete tambo dzefiber optic dzinodhura.

SDI inowanzoshandiswa mumapurogiramu ekureba eterevhizheni apo tsananguro yakajairwa PAL/NTSC kana yakakwirira-tsanangudzo 1080i/720p masaini anoda kutumirwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe.

Kuchinjika kwayo kunobvumira kutapurirana pamatambo ecoaxial akajairwa pakati pezvitudiyo zvakaparadzana mamaira uye zvinoita kuti vatepfenyuri vaderedze mutengo nekunzvenga kuisirwa kudhura kwefiber cabling.

Pamusoro pezvo, SDI inogona kutsigira akawanda mafomati uye yekumisikidza odhiyo inoda chete tambo imwe chete yekubatanidza pakati pemidziyo miviri.

Kufambira mberi kwazvino kwaona SDI ichiwedzerwa kupfuura kushandiswa mukutepfenyura mukufungidzira kwekurapa, endoscopy uye hunyanzvi hwevhidhiyo maapplication munzvimbo dzakaita sekugadzira, kugadzirwa kwemashure uye nhepfenyuro yekunze (OB).

Nemhando yayo yepamusoro yemufananidzo 10-bit 6 wave mukati mekugadzirisa inoramba ichionekwa sechishandiso chinochinjika chekushandura ruzivo rwunodiwa nevatepfenyuro pasi rese uye nekugona kwe3Gbps kuvepo iko zvino yave chishandiso chinoshanda chekufambisa masaini asina kumanikidzwa eHDTV pamapurojekiti ekutengesa se. zvakanaka.

Kurapa Kufanobata

SDI chikamu chakakosha chekufungidzira kwekurapa, iyo inosanganisira kufamba kwemagetsi kwemifananidzo inooneka.

Medical imaging tekinoroji inoshandiswa kuongorora zvirwere, kuongorora zvimiro zvemuviri uye nhengo, pamwe nekutarisa kufambira mberi kwekurapa.

SDI inobatsira kuona kuti data rezvokurapa rinozivikanwa rinofamba nemutsetse wakachengeteka mukati mehutano hwehutano pasina kuderedzwa mumhando kana kushatiswa nekutyisidzira kwemagetsi kusingatenderwe.

Mazhinji ekurapa ekufungidzira masisitimu anoshandisa SDI tekinoroji nekuti inopa yakavimbika nzira yekufambisa ese madhijitari uye analogi mifananidzo.

Kushandiswa kwetambo yeSDI kunogona kuvandudza kunaka kwekufambiswa kwemifananidzo kubva kumichina yekuongorora kuenda padivi pemubhedha wemurwere kana kuti zvakananga kuhofisi yachiremba wavo kuti aongororwe.

Tambo idzi dzinopawo bhenefiti yekugovana data revarwere pakati penzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete nekunonoka kushoma munguva yekufambisa kana njodzi yehuori hwe data.

Zvimwe zvikumbiro zveSDI mukufungidzira kwekurapa zvinosanganisira michina yedigital mammography, chest CT scans, MRI scans, uye michina yeultrasound pakati pezvimwe.

Imwe neimwe sisitimu inoda kutsanangurwa kwakasiyana uye mitsetse yemitsara yekuseta kwavo asi ese anodiwa kuendesa yakakwirira-resolution mifananidzo yedhijitari ine kuderera kudiki pamakiromita marefu nekumhanya kwakanyanya kupfuura izvo zvinogoneka newaya dzechinyakare dzakadai semagetsi coaxial cables.

zveindasitiri

Munzvimbo yeindasitiri, Serial Digital Interface (SDI) inyanzvi tekinoroji inoshandiswa kufambisa isina kudzvanywa dhijitari odhiyo/vhidhiyo masaini pamusoro pecoaxial tambo, tambo dzefiber optic, kana tambo dzakamonyoroka.

Yakanakira kutora uye kutamba kweyepamusoro tsanangudzo masaini mune chaiyo-nguva ine yakaderera latency. SDI yekubatanidza inowanzofarirwa nzvimbo dzekurapa, kuvharwa kwezviitiko, makonti emimhanzi uye mitambo.

SDI inoratidzira scalability kubva kune yakaderera-bandwidth mavhidhiyo mafomati akadai seStandard Definition (SD) kune yakakwirira-bandwidth mavhidhiyo mafomati akadai HD uye UltraHD 4K mavhidhiyo resolution.

Kushandisa nzira dzakaparadzana dzekupenya (luma) uye chrominance (chroma) inobvumira kunaka kwese kwese uye kurongeka kwemavara.

SDI zvakare inotsigira yakamisikidzwa odhiyo kusvika ku48kHz/8 chiteshi muMPEG2 fomati pamwe netimecode info kutumira senge D-VITC kana digitized LTC.

Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasimba, Serial Digital Interface inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munhepfenyuro yeterevhizheni maindasitiri uko kuvimbika kwakakosha.

Inotumira data isina kudzvanywa pamitengo inotangira pa270 Mb/s kusvika ku3 Gb/s inoita kuti nhepfenyuro dzitarise uye tora akawanda kamera angles munguva chaiyo uchifambisa mifananidzo yeHDTV isina zvigadzirwa kana pixelization.

Mumaapplication mazhinji ekutepfenyura akadai semhepfenyuro yehupenyu kana kutepfenyura kwemitambo, kugona kweSDI kwakawedzera kurebesa kunogonesa kutapurirana kweakawanda-maonero emukati munzvimbo huru dzekunze uko tambo refu dzinogona kudikanwa.

mhedziso

Serial digitaalinen interface (SDI) ndeyekutepfenyura vhidhiyo chiyero chakagadzirirwa kuita munzvimbo dzinodiwa zvakanyanya, kunyanya uko huwandu hukuru hwe data hunofanirwa kufambiswa pamusoro pemadaro marefu.

Iyo interface inobatsira nyanzvi dzekutepfenyura kuwana, kutamisa, uye kuchengeta vhidhiyo uye odhiyo data nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.

SDI zvinongedzo zvinogona kufambisa ese masaini eanalog uye asina kuomeswa edhijitari, achiaita chishandiso chakakosha kune mainjiniya ekutepfenyura.

Iyo yakakwira iyo SDI vhezheni nhamba, iyo yakakwira yakanyanya dhata yekufambisa mwero.

Semuenzaniso, 4K single-link 12G SDI inotsigira kumhanya kusvika gumi nemaviri gigabits pasekondi ukuwo 12p single-link 1080G SDI yekubatanidza inotsigira 3 gigabits pasekondi.

Kuziva zvaunoda zvekushandisa kuchakubatsira kusarudza pane chaiyo SDI yekubatanidza yekuseta kwako.

Pakazere, serial digitaalinen interface tekinoroji yakasandura nhepfenyuro mhenyu nekupa yakavimbika chiratidzo chekutumira madaro marefu neakanyanya kukurumidza kutapurirana mitengo.

Kugadzika kwayo uye kushanda kwayo kuri nyore kunoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya nepo kushandiswa kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana kuchibvumira kuti ishandiswe mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemashandisirwo akadai sezvitudiyo zveterevhizheni, nhandare dzemitambo, masevhisi ekunamatira kana chero kumwe kuisirwa kunoda zvemhando yepamusoro kushambadzira zvinounzwa pamheni. kumhanya pasina latency kana kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo.

Mhoroi, ndini Kim, amai uye munhu anofarira zvekumira-famba ane ruzivo mukugadzira midhiya nekuvandudzwa kwewebhu. Ndine chido chikuru chekudhirowa uye mifananidzo, uye ikozvino ndiri kunyura nemusoro munyika yekumira-kufamba. Neblog rangu, ndiri kugovera zvandinodzidza nemi varume.