Hunhu Hwakanaka: Chii Chiri Mukugadzira Vhidhiyo?
Kunzwisisa ruzha rwemhando chikamu chakakosha chekugadzira zvemhando yevhidhiyo.
Izvo zvese rira ruzivo rwaunogadzira mumavhidhiyo ako runobatsira zvakananga kumhinduro yemanzwiro evaoni vachiona, saka kuve nekunzwisisa kwekushanda kwemhando yekurira kwakakosha pakuona kuti mavhidhiyo ako anosvika pakugona kwavo kuzere.
Mugwaro iri, tichakurukura kuti ruzha rwemhando ipi uye kuti inoyerwa sei, pamwe nezvinhu zvakasiyana zvinopa kuti uwane yakanakisa odhiyo yemapurojekiti ako.
Tichatanga nekutarisa kuti tinoyera sei odhiyo, kusanganisira tsananguro dzezviyero zvakati wandei zvemhando yekurira senge frequency renji, dhizaini renji uye ruzha pasi. Mushure meizvozvo, isu tichavhara nzira dzekuva nechokwadi chekubatwa kwakanaka kweruzha, kusanganisira matekiniki ekugadzirisa pane-seti mamiriro uye matipi ekudzikisa kukanganiswa kweruzha panguva yekurekodha-chete. Tichaonawo nzira post-kugadzirwa inogona kukanganisa chigadzirwa chako chekupedzisira uye kupedzisa nepfupiso yedzimwe dzinozivikanwa dzinogona kuitika misungo kana zvasvika pakuwana yepamusoro-notch odhiyo yemapurojekiti ako.
Mune ino posvo isu tichafukidza:
Tsanangudzo Yemhando Yenzwi
Hunhu hweruzha chiyero chekujeka, kupfuma, uye kuvimbika kweodhiyo mukurekodha kana kutepfenyura. Ndiyo metric yekuongorora iyo inowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yekugadzira vhidhiyo kuona kushanda kweodhiyo mupurojekiti. Hunhu hweruzha chikamu chakakosha pakugadzira zvemhando yevhidhiyo, sezvo ichigona kuona huwandu hwese hwechiitiko chemuoni. Pano, ngatikurukurei kuti ruzha rwemhando ipi rwakadzama uye kuti rungaite sei kunaka kwevhidhiyo.
maitikiro
Frequency ndiyo chiyero chekuti kangani ruzha rwunodzokorora musekondi, uye inoyerwa muHertz (Hz). Vanhu vanowanzo kwanisa kunzwa manzwi ari pakati pe20 Hz ne20 kHz. A frequency inowira mukati merudzi urwu inonzi inonzwika frequency. Mitsindo ine mafrequency ari pasi pe20 Hz, inozivikanwa se infrasonic frequencies, inowanzonzwika chete pane kunzwika. Avo vane mafrequency ari pamusoro pe20 kHz vanonzi ultrasonic.
Mukugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo, mamwe ma frequency anogona kuve akakosha kupfuura mamwe. Inowanzo kunzi "kuteerera zvinotapira zvinotapira", aya mitsara anonzwika anobvumira vataridzi kuti vasiyanise zviridzwa zvakasiyana uye manzwi mumusanganiswa wekuteerera zviri nani. Ivo zvakare vanopa yakawanda nzvimbo yezvinhu zvakaita semhedzisiro uye shanduko, saka iyo yakazara musanganiswa inochengetedza kujeka kwayo mukati mese vhidhiyo mharidzo. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti odhiyo yako yakajeka uye yakasikwa-inonzwika nguva dzese mukati meiyo frequency renji, zvakanakisa kutarisa mazinga ako ekuteerera paunenge uchisanganisa mune post-kugadzirwa.
Bit Depth
Kana zvasvika kune ruzha rwemhando, kudzika zvishoma kweodhiyo chinhu chikuru. Kudzika kweBit kunoyerwa mumabhiti, uye hunhu hwepamusoro hunoratidza kuwedzera kwesimba - zvichiita kuti vanogadzira vatore huwandu hwakakura hwemanzwi. Iyo yakakwira iyo bit kudzika kukosha, zviri nani, sezvo ichibvumira nzvimbo yakawanda kumiririra mazinga uye nuances mumanzwi akadai setsoka kana kuzevezera. Yakajairika indasitiri mwero bhiti kudzika i8-bit uye 16-bit; zvisinei, 24-bit odhiyo inopa zvakanyanya simba renji. Inogonesa vashandisi kurekodha ruzha rwakanyanya uye rwakapfava nemazvo pasina kukanganiswa kubva kumashure kweruzha rwunowanzoitika kana uchirekodha nehukadzika hudiki.
Kune kurekodha kwenzvimbo kana shanduko pakati pezvimedu, 24-bit odhiyo ichapa emhando yepamusoro ruzha kumapurojekiti ako ekugadzira vhidhiyo. Nepo kudzika kwakadzika kwakadai se32-bit kuchigoneka kune mamwe maapplication, mashandisiro azvo anongogumira kumasitudhiyo eunyanzvi. Hazvina mhosva kuti rudzii rwepurojekiti yauri kushanda pairi, kukoshesa kudzika kunofanirwa kuve kwekutanga kune avo vanoda kuti mavhidhiyo avo abude mumakwikwi.
Simba Range
Dynamic Range chiyero chemusiyano wevhoriyamu pakati pemanzwi ane ruzha uye akapfava anogona kudhindwa neaudio system. Kuwanda kweDynamic Range, ndiko kuwedzera kugona kunoita gudzanzwi rikwanise kuburitsa manzwi ane ruzha uye akapfava. Semuyenzaniso, dai wanga uine mutambo wemakadhi ane ese ari maviri akaderera uye akakwira makadhi ekutamba, waizoda yakakura huwandu hwepoker machipisi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mabheti ako anogona kuvhara mamiriro ese. Iine odhiyo, iyo yepamusoro ine simba renji inobvumira kuti huwandu hwakakura hwemavhoriyamu hugadziriswe nenzira kwayo izvo zvinobatsira kuwedzera mafaro ane simba kumuteereri - ingave iri orchestra inoridza muhoro yekonzati huru kana kunakidzwa nefirimu raunofarira kumba. Mukugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo, kuva neDynamic Range yakakwirira inoita kuti mainjiniya atore uye aitezve manzwi angangonzwika akapfava kana kunyudzwa neruzha rwekumashure pasina kurasikirwa nechero ruzivo kana hupfumi. Odhiyo ine yakafararira dhizaini inowedzera mutsauko mumabasa emumhanzi, ruzivo rwehupenyu mukati menhaurirano yenhaurirano uye inoshamisa yechokwadi kana uchiona mavhidhiyo pachiratidziro.
Kudzvinyirira Kunzwi
Sound Pressure Level (kana SPL) chiyero chesimba kana kusimba kweizwi rine chekuita nereferensi level. Kuzvitaura zviri nyore, ndiko kurira kweruzha rwakayerwa mukati decibel. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chinhambwe kubva kunobva chinhu zvakare - kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchi .
Iro ruzha rwekumanikidza nhanho inokanganiswa nezvose zviri zviviri kudzvinyirirwa uye amplitude, ayo ane hukama hwepedyo; zvisinei, amplitude inoreva zvakanyanya kune chero mutsauko mukumanikidzwa kunokonzerwa nemafungu, nepo SPL inotarisa pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nemanzwi anonzwika. Kunyatso kuyera SPLs kupfuura gumi neshanu dB (iyo inoonekwa seinonzwika), maikorofoni anonzwa uye maamplifiers anofanirwa kushandiswa nekuti anogona kuona kunyangwe kuchinjika kusinganzwisisike mukumanikidza kwemhepo kunokonzerwa nemamwe ma frequency kana toni.
Maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana ane maitiro avo ekuchengetedza kana zvasvika pakuratidzwa mazinga kwenguva yakareba (zuva remaawa masere kubasa). Nekugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo zvakananga, izvi zvinowanzowira mukati me8-85 dB renji. Kushandisa mita yeSPL kunogona kubatsira kuona matanho ekuchengetedza akakodzera akadai sekutora zororo kana kupfeka kudzivirira nzeve kana zvichidikanwa. Mukuwedzera, zvakakwana Microphone tekinoroji inogona kubatsira kudzikisa ruzha rwakanyanya panguva yekugadzira-uchishandisa furo windscreens, kuisa inotungamira maikorofoni padhuze nenzvimbo kana zvakakodzera, nezvimwe.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Hunhu Hweruzha
Ruzha rwemhando chinhu chakakosha chechero vhidhiyo kugadzirwa. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunaka kwezwi uye kuti zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa sei. Ichi chikamu chichaongorora zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhando yezwi uye nzira dzinogona kushandiswa kuivandudza. Ngatinyure muhuwandu.
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Kamuri Acoustics
Iyo acoustics yekamuri yauri kurekodha inogona kuve nekukanganisa kukuru pamhando yeruzha rwese. Chimiro, saizi, uye dhizaini yekamuri zvinogona kukanganisa kuti masaisai eruzha anopindirana sei uye kukanganisa kurekodha.
Semuyenzaniso, kamuri diki rinenge riine ratidziro uye reverberation pane yakakura nekuti masaisai eruzha ane nzvimbo shoma yekufamba. Kune rumwe rutivi, imba huru yakashama inogona kutungamirira kune maungira akawandisa kunze kwekunge yabatwa nemazvo nezvinhu zvinobata inzwi. Pamusoro pezvo, kupa zvinhu zvakaita semakapeti, madraperies uye fenicha zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisira maratidziro akadonhedzwa kubva panzvimbo dzakaoma semadziro kana pasi.
Kuiswa kwemamaikorofoni kunokanganisawo mabatiro avanoita ruzha sezvo ivo vanowanzove nehanya nekurira kwakananga uku vachitapa chero kusarongeka kwakananga mune echo-sefashoni. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvinobhadhara kugadzirisa nzvimbo yavo zvishoma kuitira kubvisa chero ruzha rusina kufanira. Kuti vawedzere kudzikisira maungira, vamwe vagadziri vanozoshandisa acoustic foam mapaneru pamadziro uye masirin'i, ayo anotora mamwe akakwira-frequency uku achirega bass frequencies ichipfuura isina kubatwa ichiita kuti ive yakanakira kubata zvirinani zvisinganzwisisike nuances yezwi kana ruzha rwakadai setambo kana zviridzwa zvendarira.
Kuyera nemazvo nzvimbo yeacoustical uye kuona matambudziko angangove ane chekuita nekurekodha munzvimbo iyoyo chaiyo munhu anofanirwa kushandisa maturusi ehunyanzvi akadai seSPL metres (sound pressure level) kana reverberation metres (RT60). Izvi zvinobvumira iyo yakakwana maikorofoni kuseta usati watombodzvanya rekodhi nekudaro zvichikonzera yakakwira mazinga eakajeka odhiyo emapurojekiti ekugadzira vhidhiyo.
Kuiswa kweMakrofoni
Maikorofoni kuiswa ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinopesvedzera kunaka kwenzwi. Pakuisa maikorofoni yekurekodha, zvakakosha kuti utarise chimiro chekamuri, maratidziro uye inogona kuitika reverb kana maungira. Kana maikorofoni iri padhuze nekwakabva, ndipo panobva panyanya hunhu uye sehupenyu ruzha rwayo. Kuisa maikorofoni pedyo nekwakabva kunoderedza kukanganiswa kubva kune mamwe manzwi ari mumba.
Kuti uderedze kudzoreka, shandisa zvinhu zvinonyura zvakaita semaketeni, mapaneru efuro, makapeti anorema uye metiresi akatenderedza mic yako. Kana iwe uchida kufambisa maikorofoni yako kure netarenda rako kana kuifambisa mukati mechiitiko, isa mari mulavalier kana pfuti / kamera inokwidziridzwa maikorofoni kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuimisa zviri nyore pasina kukanganisa mhando yekuteerera kana chikamu chekubatana. Kuti uderedze ruzha rwekumashure zvakanyanya, shandisa sikirini yemhepo kana pop sefa paunenge uchirekodha kunze.
Paunenge uchirekodha mumba nevanhu vakawanda vachitaura kamwechete, zviri nani kuisa maikorofoni akawanda anotungamira kutenderedza tarenda pane kuve neomnidirectional maikorofoni iyo inogona kusimudza ruzha rwese zvisina tsarukano. Izvi zvinobvumira kupatsanurwa kuri nani pakati pemutauri wega wega kuderedza chero kusingadiwe kubuda ropa-kuburikidza pakati pemakrofoni uye kunatsiridza kujeka kwekurira kwezvinangwa zvekugadzirisa gare gare. Zvinobatsirawo kuwedzera maikorofoni yepamusoro iyo inotora ambient kurekodha kwemunhu wese mukamuri yedu iyo iwe yaunokwanisa kusanganisa neyepedyo-mic kurekodha paunenge uchigadzirisa kana zvichidikanwa.
Audio Kugadziriswa
Audio processing iko kushandiswa kwedhijitari chiratidzo chekugadzirisa kune masaini masaini kuitira kuti aite kuti anzwike zvirinani. Audio processing inogona kusanganisira ruzha synthesis, runyararo rwenzwi, zviyero, uye zvidzoreso zvevhoriyamu pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Mamwe maitiro akajairwa ekugadzirisa odhiyo anosanganisira kusefa kunze ruzha rwekumashure, kuwedzera bass kana treble toni, kuderedza huwandu hweyakaderera-frequency rumble uye kugadzirisa chero nyaya dzekuchekesa.
Chinangwa chikuru chekugadzirisa odhiyo ndechekuwedzera ruzha rwese nekuvandudza kujeka uye kunzwisisika kweiyo odhiyo chiratidzo panguva imwe chete ichideredza chero ruzha rusingadiwe rwunokanganisa kunzwisisa. Kugadziriswa kwemaodhiyo kunogona kubatsirawo kuita kuti ruzha rwakagadzirwa ruwedzere kunzwika nekuti manzwi ekugadzira haawanzo kushandura zvakanaka kuita mamiriro epasirese. Nekushandisa masaini masaini nenzira inoita kuti awedzere kujeka uye kuvimbika, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vateereri kuziva kutaura pamusoro peruzha rwekumashure uye mamwe manzwi anogona kuderedza kunaka kwayo.
Mumagadzirirwo ekugadzira vhidhiyo, maodhiyo processor anobatsira zvakanyanya mumashure-ekugadzira mabasa nekuita kuti vapepeti vakurumidze kuchenesa nzvimbo dzine dambudziko mumarekodha avo senge hums kana ruzha rwekumashure pasina kuda kugadzirisa nemaoko chinhu chimwe nechimwe. Izvi zvinochengetedza nguva pamwe nesimba sezvo mupepeti haafanire kunetseka nezve kubata neakaomesesa marongero uye kusanganisa mabhodhi zvakare - chavanoda kunzwisisa kwakanaka kwemaparamita avo avanoda anoshandura mune yekupedzisira kuburitsa. Kana iwe uchida pristine ruzha rwemavhidhiyo ako saka kudyara mune inoshanda redhiyo processor kunogona kukuchengetedza dambudziko rakawanda uye kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvako zvemhando yepamusoro!
Matekiniki eKuvandudza Hunhu Hwenzwi
Ruzha rwemhando chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo, sezvo yakanaka odhiyo inogona kuita kuti vhidhiyo iwedzere kukanganisa. Nemaitiro akakodzera uye zvishandiso, unogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwevhidhiyo yako. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura mamwe emaitiro aunogona kushandisa kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro mumavhidhiyo ako.
Shandisa High-Quality Audio Equipment
Munyika yekugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo, mhando yeruzha ndiyo chiyero chekuti zvakarekodhwa uye kugadziridzwa zvinonzwika zvinonzwika. Hunhu husina kunaka hweruzha hunogona kukonzera odhiyo yakatsveyamiswa, yakanyarara, kana yakanyanya ruzha. Pane matanho mashoma akakosha ekuvandudza ruzha rwemhando yekugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo.
Imwe yematanho akanyanya kukosha ndeye kushandisa yepamusoro-mhando yekuteerera michina. Yepamusoro-mhando yekuteerera giya inowedzera kujeka uye kuvepo kwese kune manzwi ako uku uchipawo kunyatso kudzora pamusoro pemazinga uye zvirinani kuderedza ruzha. Kuisa mari mumakrofoni akanaka, preamplifiers, musanganiswa wedhijitari, ma processor uye mamwe magiya kiyi yekuwana yemhando yepamusoro ruzha. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti giya rakachipa rinogona kunge rakakwana kana uchirekodha kutaura kana ruzha rwekumashure asi giya remhando yepamusoro rinofanirwa kushandiswa kune yakaoma mumhanzi zvakarekodhwa uye yezvinogamuchirwa nhepfenyuro-chikamu chinobuda pamapurojekiti ehunyanzvi akadai semafirimu kana terevhizheni.
Imwe nhanho yakakosha yekuvandudza ruzha rwako ndeyekudyara mune yakakodzera acoustics yenzvimbo yako yekurekodha - izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera marapirwo ekurapa kuti atore zvakanyanyisa reverberations kubva kumadziro kana zvimwe zvinhu zviri munzvimbo yako pamwe nekushandisa acoustic baffles zvine hungwaru akaiswa akatenderedza maikorofoni kuti anyatso kutungamira frequency. mhinduro zvivakwa. Nekudzikisira zviratidziro munzvimbo yako uri kubatsira kuve nechokwadi uye akarekodhwa akajeka pasina kukanganiswa kusiri madikanwa kubva kune echo kana kudzokorodza zvakanyanya.
Shandisa Room Acoustic Treatment
Yakakodzera kamuri acoustic kurapwa inogona kubatsira kuvandudza ruzha rwemhando ipi neipi yevhidhiyo kugadzirwa. Kutanga nekamuri yekurudyi yekamuri yezvido zvako zveruzha, nhanho inotevera ndeyekutarisa acoustic marapirwo akadai semadziro mapaneru, bass misungo uye diffusers. Wall mapaneru anogona kutora yakaderera frequency ruzha masaisai uye kuderedza reverberation nguva, zvichibvumira kunyatsoteerera kuteerera. Bass misungo inobatsira ine yakaderera frequency mumakona uye kugadzira inoteedzera frequency mhinduro pane yezwi renji. Diffusers akapararira mukamuri yese, zvichiita kuti simba rekurira riburitswe zvakaenzana mumativi ese paawanda mafrequency, kuderedza kutarisisa kwekutanga uye ruzha rwakangoerekana rwaitika munzvimbo yekuchenesa inonzwika kurekodha. Kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanakisa, acoustician anogona kuhaiwa kuti aongorore nzvimbo yeakanakisa acoustic dhizaini uye nekupa hunyanzvi hune chekuita nekutora uye kupararira kwemafungu eruzha munzvimbo dzakati dze studio yekugadzira kana nzvimbo yebasa.
Shandisa Audio Processing
Kushandisa audio processor ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushanda maitiro ekuvandudza ruzha rwemhando. Maodhiyo processors zvishandiso zvinokutendera iwe kutora odhiyo siginecha uye kuishandura neimwe nzira senge EQ, kumanikidza, kumisa uye nezvimwe. Zvichienderana neako emhando yemhando yezvinodiwa, kune akasiyana emhando dzakasiyana dzema processor aripo.
Semuyenzaniso, compressor inodzikamisa maodhiyo mazinga kuitira kuti manzwi akanyanya kana akapfava agadziriswe kunze kuti arege kukanganiswa kana kusanzwika panguva yekutamba. Inobatsirawo kuderedza ruzha rwekumashure. EQ inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzirise musanganiswa weakasiyana mafrequency mukati me track kuti anyatso kudzora pamusoro peiyo frequency chiyero chezwi rako. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa reverbs uye kunonoka kugadzira ambiance uye kudzika mukati mekurekodha kwako.
Audio processors inogona kukubatsira kuwedzera kunaka kwechero ruzha rwaunorekodha uye kukupa hukuru hwekutonga pamusoro pekuti inonzwika sei mune yekupedzisira chigadzirwa. Kunyangwe iri kugadzira manzwi akapfuma ane reverb / kunonoka kana kuomesa musanganiswa neakakodzera nhanho maturusi ekugadzirisa, chishandiso ichi chinogona kukubatsira kushandura ruzha rwako kuita chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa!
mhedziso
Mukupedzisa, ruzha rwemhando chikamu chakakosha chekubudirira kugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo. Kunyange mifananidzo yakanyanyisa kupfurwa inogona kuparadzwa kana ruzha rusina kukwira. Neraki, kune matekiniki anogona kuita kuti odhiyo irege kurira uye isina kurira, pamwe nemidziyo inoita kuti ruzha rwako ruenderane nedanho uye kujeka kwezvinoonekwa.
Kushandisa maikorofoni emhando yepamusoro kubata nhaurirano, kutora ruzha kubva kune akawanda masosi, kusimudza ambient ruzha mazinga ezviratidziro zvakanyarara uye kushandisa zvinogumira kudzivirira kukanganisa zvese zvinogona kubatsira kuchengetedza yakanaka mhando yekuteerera mukugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo yako. Hazvina mhosva kuti imhando ipi yevhidhiyo yauri kugadzira, kutarisa mukuvandudza nzira yako yekurekodha inogona kubhadhara mukugutsikana kwepamusoro kwevatengi nechigadzirwa chako chapera.
Mhoroi, ndini Kim, amai uye munhu anofarira zvekumira-famba ane ruzivo mukugadzira midhiya nekuvandudzwa kwewebhu. Ndine chido chikuru chekudhirowa uye mifananidzo, uye ikozvino ndiri kunyura nemusoro munyika yekumira-kufamba. Neblog rangu, ndiri kugovera zvandinodzidza nemi varume.
