Oopopayi 101: Ingcaciso, Iintlobo, kunye noopopayi lokuQala owakhe Wadalwa

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Ngamana 22, 2023

I-animation yindlela yobugcisa obubonakalayo eyenza imifanekiso eshukumayo. Iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiikhathuni, iimuvi, imidlalo yevidiyo kunye nezinye imidiya.

Ukucacisa, oopopayi babandakanya ukwenza imifanekiso ebonakala ihamba kwiscreen. Sisixhobo esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi esinokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwezinye zezicelo ezithile zoopopayi, njengeekhathuni, iimuvi, kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo.

Ukukrola ngasemva amaNqanaba oBugcisa boopopayi

I-animation, ngeyona ndlela ilula, yindlela esebenzisa imifanekiso emininzi ukudala inkohliso yokuhamba. Kufana neflipbook, apho uzoba imifanekiso eyahlukileyo kancinane kwiphepha ngalinye, kwaye xa uyityhila ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, imifanekiso ibonakala ngathi iyashukuma. Umlingo wopopayi usekukwazini kwawo ukuzisa ebomini abalinganiswa, ihlabathi, kunye namabali ebengekhe afumaneke.

Ukwaphula iNkqubo ye-Animation

Inkqubo yopopayi ifuna iqondo elithile lobuchule kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha. Nalu ulwahlulo olusisiseko lwamanyathelo abandakanyekayo ekudaleni umfanekiso ogqwesileyo:

• Okokuqala, i-animator yenza uluhlu lwamagama angundoqo, awona manqaku aphambili kwintshukumo yabalinganiswa okanye izinto. La magama angundoqo achaza iindawo zokuqala nezokugqibela zesenzo.
• Okulandelayo, i-animator yongeza phakathi kwefreyimu, okanye "tweens," ukutshintshwa ngokutyibilikayo phakathi kwamagama angundoqo. Apha kulapho umlingo wokwenyani wenzeka khona, njengoko isakhono soopopayi sokwenza intshukumo egudileyo ibalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kopopayi.
• Inani lezakhelo ezifunekayo kuphiliso olugudileyo lixhomekeke kwinqanaba elifunekayo leenkcukacha kunye nesantya sentshukumo. Ireyithi ephezulu yefreyimu idla ngokukhokelela kwintshukumo emanzi kunye neyinyani, kodwa ikwathetha umsebenzi omninzi we-animator.

Oopopayi kwi-Digital Age

Namhlanje, imifanekiso eyenziwe ngekhompyutha (CGI) ibe yindlela ebalaseleyo yopopayi, evumela inqanaba elikhulu lokwenyani kunye neenkcukacha kuneendlela zemveli ezizotywa ngesandla. Eminye imizekelo edumileyo yoopopayi beCGI ibandakanya iimuvi ezinje ngeBali leToy, iFrozen, kunye neIncredibles. Ngoncedo lwesoftware enamandla, oopopayi ngoku banokwenza ukulinganisa okuntsokothileyo kunye noopopayi benkqubo esekwe kwifiziksi yelizwe lokwenyani, idatha yokuziphatha, kunye nezinye izinto.

Iindidi zoBuchule boBugcisa

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule bopopayi, nganye ineseti yayo eyahlukileyo yemithetho kunye neendlela. Ezinye zezona zixhobo zidumileyo ziquka:

• Oopopayi besintu: Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuzoba okanye ukupeyinta imifanekiso kumaphepha e-celluloid abonakalayo, athi ke afotwe aze aboniswe kwifilim. Le luhlobo lwakudala lopopayi olusizisele abalinganiswa abadumileyo abafana noMickey Mouse kunye neBugs Bunny.
• Oopopayi be-2D: Uhlobo lwedijithali lopopayi lwemveli, oopopayi be-2D basebenzisa isoftwe yekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso ecaba, enemacala amabini esetyenziswayo ukuvelisa inkohliso yentshukumo.
• Oopopayi be-3D: Obu buchule budala abalinganiswa abamacala-ntathu kunye nokusingqongileyo kusetyenziswa isoftwe yekhompyutha, ivumela amava okwenene kunye nokuntywila.
• Ukuthwebula intshukumo: Uhlobo lopopayi olusebenzisa izinto ezenzekayo zokwenyani zomntu njengesiseko sokwenza abalinganiswa abanoopopayi. Abadlali banxiba iisuti ezikhethekileyo ezinezivamvo ezibamba iintshukumo zabo, ezithi ke ziguqulelwe kwidatha yedijithali kwaye zisetyenziswe ukwenza abalinganiswa baphile.
• Imizobo eshukumayo: Uhlobo lopopayi olugxile ekudaleni imizobo eguqukayo, enomtsalane ngokubonakalayo kunye nesicatshulwa, esihlala sisetyenziswa kwintengiso, ifilimu, kunye nomabonakude.
• Misa intshukumo: Ubuchule obubandakanya ukufota izinto ezibonakalayo okanye amanani kwiindawo ezilandelelanayo, emva koko udlale imifanekiso emva ngesantya esikhawulezayo ukwenza inkohliso yentshukumo.

Njengoko ubona, ilizwe loopopayi likhulu kwaye lahlukene, libonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule bokuzisa amabali kunye nabalinganiswa ebomini. Amathuba anqunyelwe kuphela yintelekelelo kunye nobuchule be-animator, iyenza ibe yindlela yobugcisa enika umdla nehlala iguquka.

Ukutyhila iMvelaphi yoopopayi: Uhambo lokutyhubela ixesha

Njengoopopayi onamava, ndihlala ndizifumana ndicinga ngembali etyebileyo yopopayi ethatha iinkulungwane. Phambi kokuba ifilimu yokuqala yoopopayi iphile, ookhokho bethu babesele bedlala kubugcisa bokubalisa amabali ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zoopopayi. Imizekelo yoopopayi besintu inokulandwa umva kwipuppetry yesithunzi kunye nelantern yomlingo, isandulela seprojektha yale mihla.

Ukuzingisa koMbono: Isitshixo kwi-Animation's Illusion

Owona mlingo wopopayi ulele kwinto ebizwa ngokuba kukuqhubeka kombono. Yile nto eyenza ukuba intshukumo ibonakale isenzeka xa, enyanisweni, iluthotho lwemifanekiso emileyo. I-Phénakisticope, eyasungulwa nguJoseph Plateau ngo-1832, yayisisixhobo esixhaphakileyo esasebenzisa le ngcamango, sidala inkohliso yentshukumo etyibilikayo. Njengoko imifanekiso ekwiPhénakisticope idibana, ingqondo yethu iyibona ishukuma.

Uguqulo loShishino lweAnimation: iYurophu kunye noMntla Melika

Inguqulelo kwezoshishino eYurophu nakuMntla Merika yabangela ulingelo ngoomatshini nezixhobo ezaziya kuthi ekugqibeleni zikhokelele ekudaleni oopopayi njengoko sisazi namhlanje. Iikhathuni zethiyetha zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoshishino lokuzonwabisa kwiminyaka yokuqala yenkulungwane yama-20. Eli xesha lichaze ukunyuka kwezitudiyo zoopopayi ezidumileyo ezifana neDisney, Warner Bros., kunye neFleischer.

• IDisney: Yaziwa ngeeklasikhi ezifana noDonald Duck kunye neSilly Symphonies
• Warner Bros.: Indawo yokuzalwa yabalinganiswa abadumileyo abanje ngeBugs Bunny kunye noDaffy Duck
• UFleischer: Abadali beekhathuni ezithandekayo zikaBetty Boop kunye noPopeye

U-Émile Cohl: Uyise weFilimu yoQoqosho yoQoqosho

Umzobi ongumFrentshi u-Émile Cohl uthathwa ngababhali-mbali ukuba ngumdali wefilimu yokuqala egcweleyo, iFantasmagorie, ngo-1908. Lo msebenzi usisiseko wabeka isiseko sekamva lopopayi kwaye wavula umnyango wokuba oopopayi abangenakubalwa balandele ekhondweni lakhe.

Ukuphonononga iHlabathi leZimbo zoopopayi

Njengomntu obonisa upopayi onomdla, bendisoloko ndichukunyiswa ngupopayi wesintu, olona hlobo ludala nolona lubalaseleyo loopopayi. Yinkqubo ethatha ixesha, kodwa iziphumo zinomlingo ngokwenene. Esi simbo sibandakanya ukwenza uluhlu lwemifanekiso ethathwe ngesandla, nganye inotshintsho oluncinci kwindawo yomlinganiswa okanye intetho. Xa idlalwa ngokulandelelana, le mifanekiso idala inkohliso yokuhamba. Oopopayi besintu bafuna iqondo eliphezulu lobuchule kunye nomonde, kodwa ubugcisa obukhethekileyo obubufumanayo buwufanele umzamo.

Oopopayi bodongwe: Ukubumba Ubomi Ngezandla Zakho

Oopopayi bodongwe, okanye ubumba, lolunye uhlobo lopopayi endikhe ndadlala ngalo. Esi simbo sidibanisa ubugcisa bokukrola kunye nomlingo wopopayi. Abalinganiswa kunye nezinto zenziwe ngodongwe okanye ezinye izinto eziphathekayo, kwaye iimpawu zabo zilungelelaniswa isakhelo ngesakhelo ukudala inkohliso yokuhamba. Oopopayi bodongwe kudla ixesha kakhulu, kodwa inqanaba leenkcukacha kunye nemibala eyahlukileyo enikezelayo iyenza ibe lukhetho oludumileyo lwee-animators kunye nabaphulaphuli ngokufanayo.

• Kulula ukuyibumba kwakhona kwaye uyilawule
• Eyodwa, inkangeleko yezinto eziphilayo
• Ifuna umgangatho ophezulu womonde kunye nobuchule

Oopopayi be-2D: Ukuthatyathwa kwangoku kwiSimbo sakudala

Njengomntu obonisa upopayi ozixabisayo zombini iindlela zobuchule zemveli kunye nezangoku, ndifumana oopopayi be-2D ukuba ludibaniso olugqibeleleyo lwakudala kunye nolutsha. Olu hlobo lubandakanya ukudala abalinganiswa kunye nezinto ngokwedijithali, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa isoftware ekhethekileyo. Inkqubo iyafana noopopayi bemveli, kunye nezakhelo eziphambili kunye naphakathi, kodwa i-digital medium ivumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Oopopayi be-2D lukhetho oludumileyo lwamaphulo okuthengisa, uthotho lweTV, kunye nomxholo wewebhu.

• Ikhawuleza kwaye isebenze ngakumbi kunoopopayi bemveli
• Uluhlu olubanzi lweendlela kunye nobuchule
• Idityaniswe ngokulula nezinye iindlela zoopopayi

Oopopayi be-3D: Ukuzisa abalinganiswa ebomini kwimilinganiso emithathu

Njengomntu osoloko etsaleleka kumda wokusika wetekhnoloji, andinakukwazi ukuzibamba kodwa ndimangaliswe ngamathuba opopayi we-3D. Olu hlobo lubandakanya ukudala iimpawu kunye nezinto kwindawo yedijithali ye-3D, evumela inqanaba elikhulu lobunzulu kunye nokwenyani. Oopopayi be-3D bafuna ukuqonda okuqinileyo kobugcisa kunye neteknoloji, kunye nokukwazi ukucinga kumacala amathathu. Iziphumo zinokuphefumla ngokwenene, zenza oopopayi be-3D babe lukhetho oludumileyo lweefilimu, imidlalo yevidiyo kunye neentengiso.

• Inqanaba eliphezulu leenkcukacha kunye nokwenyani
• Ifuna ukuqonda okuqinileyo kobugcisa kunye neteknoloji
• Inokudityaniswa nokubamba intshukumo ukwenzela ukuchaneka okukhulu ngakumbi

Misa intshukumo: iTeknikhi engapheliyo enamathuba angenasiphelo

Njengomdlali we-animator oxabisa umtsalane weendlela zesikolo esidala, bendihlala nditsalwa kuye yeka oopopayi abashukumisayo. Esi simbo sibandakanya ukufota uthotho lweefoto zezinto ezibonakalayo okanye oonopopi, kunye nesakhelo ngasinye esinotshintsho oluncinci kwindawo. Xa idlalwa emva ngesantya esiphezulu, le mifanekiso idala inkohliso yokuhamba. Ukuyeka ukunyakaza yinkqubo enzima kakhulu, kodwa umgangatho owodwa, ochukumisayo onikezelayo uwenza ube yindlela ethandwayo yopopayi.

• Umtsalane, ubuhle owenziwe ngesandla
• Uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo kunye nobuchule
• Ifuna umonde nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha

Nokuba yeyiphi indlela yopopayi oyikhethayo, eyona nto iphambili kukufumana eyona iwufaneleyo umbono wakho kunye neenjongo zokuyila. Ngokhetho oluninzi olukhoyo, kukho isitayile soopopayi kwibali ngalinye kunye negcisa ngalinye.

UbuGcisa boopopayi besiNtu: Uhambo lokutyhutyha ixesha kunye nobuChwephesha

Ngena kwiLizwe leMipopayi yesiNtu

Njengoopopayi onamava, andikwazi kuzibamba kodwa ndikhumbule iintsuku ezimnandi zoopopayi bemveli. Uyazi, uhlobo apho isakhelo ngasinye sazotywa ngobunono ngesandla, kwaye imveliso yokugqibela yayingumsebenzi wothando. Obu buchwephesha, obukwabizwa ngokuba yi-animation ye-cel, yayikhe yaba yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo esetyenziswa kwi-cinema, phambi kokuba oopopayi bekhompyuter bangene bawube lo mboniso.

Ukudala abalinganiswa kunye neHlabathi uMzobo omnye ngexesha

Oopopayi bemveli luhlobo lobugcisa olufuna inqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule kunye nomonde. Umlinganiswa ngamnye, imvelaphi, kunye neelementi izotywa ngesandla, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiphepha elibonakalayo elibizwa ngokuba yi-cel. Ezi cels zibekwe ngaphezulu kwemvelaphi epeyintiweyo kwaye zifotwe, zenza isakhelo esinye soopopayi. Le nkqubo iphinda iphindwe, ngokuhlukahluka okuncinci kwimizobo, ukuvelisa ukulandelelana kwezakhelo ezithi, xa zidlalwa, zinike inkohliso yokuhamba.

• Abalinganiswa abazoba ngesandla kunye nezinto
• Iicels ezicacileyo ezibekwe phezu kwemvelaphi
• Ukuqwalaselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkcukacha

Ukuzisa iNdalo yakho ebomini ngeSandi kunye noMculo

Nje ukuba izinto ezibonwayo zigqitywe, lixesha lokongeza ukugqiba. Ingoma yesandi, equlethe umculo kunye neziphumo zesandi, ngokwesiqhelo iyilwe ukukhapha oopopayi. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo, njengoko umxube ochanekileyo wesandi unokuzisa ngokwenene abalinganiswa bakho kunye nebali ebomini.

• Isandi esinomculo kunye neziphumo zesandi
• Ukwandisa amava ngokubanzi

Oopopayi besiNtu: Umsebenzi wothando

Njengoko unokucinga, oopopayi bemveli yinkqubo ethatha ixesha. Ifuna inani elikhulu lemizobo, nganye ineenguqu ezincinci, ukwenza nolandelelwano olufutshane lwe-animated. Le ndlela inokuba ngqongqo ngakumbi kunomlingane wayo owenziwe ngekhompyuter, kodwa kukho into enomlingo ngokwenene malunga nobugcisa obutsalwa ngesandla obungena kwisakhelo ngasinye.

• Kuthatha ixesha, kodwa kunomvuzo
• Ubugcisa obuzotywe ngesandla bongeza ukubamba okukhethekileyo

Oopopayi besiNtu: Ukunqwala kwiNdalo, iNkuthazo yeKamva

Ngelixa oopopayi bemveli basenokungaxhaphakanga njengokuba bekunjalo ngaphambili, basabambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zoopopayi kunye nabalandeli ngokufanayo. Imbali kunye nobuchule bolu hlobo lobugcisa buqhubeka nokukhuthaza kunye nefuthe kwihlabathi le-animation, lisikhumbuza ngokuzinikezela kunye nothando oluya ekudaleni la mabali athandekayo kunye nabalinganiswa.

• Impembelelo ehlala ihleli kwihlabathi loopopayi
• Ubungqina bokuzinikela kunye nothando lwee-animators

Ukwamkela ubuGcisa be-2D oopopayi

Ndikhumbula ixesha lokuqala ndintywila iinzwane zam kwihlabathi le-2D yoopopayi. Kwaba ngathi ndingena ephupheni apho ndingenza ukuba abalinganiswa bam kunye neembono zam ziphile. Inkqubo yokudala ukunyakaza kwindawo ephindwe kabini, usebenzisa inhlanganisela yobugcisa kunye nezakhono zobugcisa, kwakungekho nto engakholelekiyo. Njengomzobi, ndiyakwazi ukubumba kwaye ndiyile abalinganiswa bam, imvelaphi, kunye neziphumo, kwaye emva koko ndibabukele bephila njengoko ndilungelelanisa imizobo yomntu kunye ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuphuhlisa iSimbo sakho se-2D soopopayi esahlukileyo

Njengoko ndijuba nzulu kwi-2D yoopopayi, ndiye ndabona ukuba zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule kunye nezimbo zokukhetha kuzo. Ezinye zezona zitudiyo zoopopayi ze-2D ezidumileyo, ezifana neDisney kunye neStudio Ghibli, nganye inendlela yayo eyahlukileyo kwindlela yobugcisa. Ndifunde ukuba ukuze ndigqame kolu lwimi lusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, kufuneka ndiphuhlise esam isimbo kunye nobuchule bam. Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokukunceda ufumane ilizwi lakho lopopayi:

• Linga ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoopopayi be-2D, ukusuka kwisithethe esizotywe ngesandla ukuya kubuchule bale mihla bedijithali.
• Dlala ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nombandela ukuze ufumane into edibana nawe.
• Funda kwiinkosi, kodwa ungoyiki ukubeka ezakho izinto.

Izixhobo kunye nobuChwephesha be-2D oopopayi

Njengoopopayi be-2D, ndifumene ithuba lokusebenza ngenani lezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zesoftware. Ezinye zezona zixhobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ziquka:

• Usiba lwesintu kunye nephepha loopopayi abazoba ngesandla
• Iipilisi zokuzoba zedijithali kunye nezitayile zokwenza ubugcisa bedijithali
• Isoftware yoopopayi efana neAdobe Animate, Toon Boom Harmony, kunye neTVPaint

Isixhobo ngasinye kunye nobuchule buneenzuzo kunye nemiceli mngeni eyahlukileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufumana eyona ifanele iimfuno zakho kunye nesimbo sakho. Umzekelo, oopopayi bazotywe ngesandla bemveli banika imvakalelo yendalo, ngelixa ubuchule bedijithali buvumela ukuchaneka okukhulu kunye nolawulo.

Ukuphucula izakhono zakho ze-2D zoopopayi

Njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lobugcisa, ukuziqhelanisa kwenza kugqibelele. Ukuphucula izakhono zakho zopopayi ze-2D, qwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Thatha iiklasi okanye iindibano zocweyo ukuze ufunde iindlela ezintsha kwaye uhlale usexesheni kunye neentsingiselo zeshishini.
• Joyina iiforam ze-intanethi kunye noluntu apho unokwabelana ngomsebenzi wakho kwaye ufumane impendulo kwabanye oopopayi.
• Thatha inxaxheba kwimiceli mngeni yoopopayi kunye nokhuphiswano ukuze uzityhale kwaye ukhule njengegcisa.

Oopopayi be-2D kwihlabathi langoku

Ngelixa oopopayi be-3D baxhaphake kakhulu kule minyaka yakutsha nje, kusekho imfuno eyomeleleyo ye-2D yoopopayi kumashishini ohlukeneyo. Iinkampani ezininzi kunye neempawu zikhetha oopopayi be-2D kwimikhankaso yabo yokuthengisa, njengoko ibonelela ngendlela ekhethekileyo nekhunjulwayo yokuhambisa umyalezo wabo. Ukongeza, oopopayi be-2D basasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimiboniso kamabonakude, iifilimu ezimfutshane, kunye nemiboniso bhanyabhanya emide.

Ukutyhila umlingo we3D oopopayi

Oopopayi be-3D: Ubuchwephesha beeLeya ezininzi

Njengoopopayi onamava, ndingakuxelela ukuba oopopayi be-3D yinkqubo entsonkothileyo nentsonkothileyo. Kubandakanya ukudala abalinganiswa abafana nobomi kunye neemodeli, ukusivumela ukuba silawule yonke intshukumo kunye neempawu zabo. Obu buchule buguqule ihlabathi loopopayi, luvula amathuba amatsha kunye neendlela zokubalisa amabali kunye nokudala ubugcisa.

Ukusuka kwiNdalo yoMlingiswa ukuya kwiMveliso yokuGqibela: Amanqanaba e-3D oopopayi

Inkqubo yopopayi ye-3D inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba angundoqo aliqela, ngalinye lifuna iseti eyodwa yezakhono kunye nobuchule. Nanku umboniso wendlela yokusebenza eqhelekileyo:

• Ukwakha iimodeli zabalinganiswa: Kulapho siqala khona, sisenza abalinganiswa kunye nezinto eziya kuhlala kwihlabathi lethu elinoopopayi. Eli nqanaba lifuna ingqwalasela eninzi kwiinkcukacha, njengoko umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela ixhomekeke ekuchanekeni nasekunyanisekeni kwale mizekelo.
• Rigging: Emva kokuba iimodeli zigqityiwe, sidibanisa uluhlu lwamathambo kunye namalungu kubo, okusivumela ukuba silawule ukunyakaza kwabo. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-rigging kwaye linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo.
• Oopopayi: Ngabalinganiswa abakhutshiweyo, ngoku singabenza baphile ngokuphila iintshukumo zabo. Kulapho umlingo wangempela wenziwa khona, njengoko sisebenzisa izakhono zethu kunye nezixhobo zokudala intshukumo eguqukayo neyendalo.
• Ukukhanya kunye neziphumo: Ukwenza umhlaba wethu ophilayo uzive wokwenyani ngakumbi, songeza ukukhanya kunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Oku kunokubandakanya nantoni na ukusuka kwithunzi kunye nokubonakalisa ukudubula kunye nokuloba komlingo.
• Unikezelo: Inqanaba lokugqibela lenkqubo kunikezelo, apho zonke izinto zidityanisiwe kwaye zicutshungulwe ukwenza imveliso egqityiweyo. Oku kunokuba yinkqubo echitha ixesha kunye ne-resource-intensive, kodwa umphumo usoloko ufanelekile.

Oopopayi be-3D kwiLizwe lokwenyani: usetyenziso kunye namashishini

Oopopayi be-3D abaphelelanga nje kwindawo yeemuvi kunye neenkqubo zikamabonakude. Ifumene indlela yayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nezicelo, kubandakanya:

• Imidlalo yevidiyo: oopopayi be-3D yinxalenye ephambili yemidlalo yevidiyo yanamhlanje, evumela amava omdlalo wokwenyani nanzulu.
• Intengiso: Iinkampani zisebenzisa oopopayi be-3D ukwenza iintengiso ezitsala amehlo nezikhumbulekayo kunye nezixhobo zokwazisa.
• Uyilo kunye noyilo: oopopayi be-3D banokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iindlela zokuhamba kunye nokubonwa kwezakhiwo kunye neendawo, ukunceda abakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabayili banxibelelane ngezimvo zabo ngempumelelo.
• Ukubonwa kwezonyango nezenzululwazi: oopopayi be-3D bangasetyenziselwa ukwenza umboniso ocacileyo nochanekileyo weenkqubo zebhayoloji ezintsonkothileyo, ezinceda kuphando nakwimfundo.

Njengoopopayi be-3D, ndihlala ndimangaliswe ngamathuba angapheliyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lobugcisa lumangalisayo. Yintsimi ecela umngeni kwaye enomvuzo eqhubeka nokuvela kwaye ityhale imida yento enokwenzeka ekubaleni amabali kunye nonxibelelwano olubonakalayo.

iMotion Capture: Ukuphefumlela uBomi kwiAnimation

Ukubamba intshukumo kunokubonakala kuntsonkothile, kodwa eneneni kulula kakhulu nje ukuba uyaphule. Nantsi inyathelo ngenyathelo ukujonga indlela esebenza ngayo:

• Abadlali banxiba iisuti ezineempawu ezibonisa ukukhanya ezibekwe kwiindawo eziphambili emizimbeni yabo.
• Iikhamera ezininzi, zihlala zibonwa ngamehlo, zisetwa kufutshane nendawo yokusebenza ukurekhoda indawo zabamakishi.
• Njengoko umdlali esenza, iikhamera zilandelela abamakishi kwaye zirekhode ukunyakaza kwazo ngexesha langempela.
• Idatha erekhodiweyo ifakwe kwisoftware ekhethekileyo, eyenza i-digital skeleton elinganisa iintshukumo zomdlali.
• Okokugqibela, amathambo edijithali azotywe kwimodeli ye-3D, ekhokelela kumlinganiswa ophilayo ofana noopopayi.

Iintlobo ze-Motion Capture: Ukufumana i-Fit Fit

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zokuthatha intshukumo, nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nezinto zayo ezingathandekiyo. Ezinye zezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo ziquka:

• I-Optical Motion Capture: Le ndlela isebenzisa iikhamera kunye neziphawuli ezibonisa ukulandelela iintshukumo zomdlali. Yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa inokubiza kwaye ifuna indawo enkulu, ezinikeleyo.
• I-inertial Motion Capture: Esikhundleni seekhamera, le ndlela isebenzisa i-sensor ezifakwe kumzimba womdlali ukurekhoda ukunyakaza. Iyaphatheka kakhulu kwaye iyabiza kancinci kune-optical motion capture, kodwa isenokungachaneki kangako.
• I-Magnetic Motion Capture: Obu buchule busebenzisa umhlaba wemagnethi ukulandelela indawo yezivamvo kumzimba womdlali weqonga. Ayithandeki kangako ekuphazamisekeni kwezinye izinto, kodwa inokuchatshazelwa sisinyithi kwindawo.

I-MoCap kwisenzo: Ukusuka kwiHollywood ukuya kwiMidlalo yeVidiyo

Ukubanjwa kweMotion kusetyenziswe kakhulu kuwo omabini amashishini omdlalo wefilimu kunye nevidiyo, ukuphefumla ubomi kubalinganiswa bedijithali kwaye kubenza bazive beyinyani ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Eminye imizekelo ephawulekayo ibandakanya:

• Iimuvi: Iifilimu ezifana ne-“Avatar,” “The Lord of the Rings,” kunye “nePolar Express” zonke ziye zasebenzisa umfanekiso oshukumayo ukwenza imbonakalo entle kunye nabalinganiswa abafana nobomi.
• Imidlalo yevidiyo: Imidlalo edumileyo efana nethi “Uncharted,” “The Last of Us,” kunye “neRed Dead Redemption 2” iye yasebenzisa umfanekiso oshukumayo ukuze uhambise amabali anzulu kunye nemidlalo yokwenene yabalinganiswa.

Ikamva leMotion Capture: Amathuba angenasiphelo

Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, ukubanjwa kwentshukumo kuya kufikeleleka ngakumbi kwaye kuguquguquke. Olunye uphuhliso olunomdla ekufuneka sijonge phambili kulo lubandakanya:

• Ukuthathwa kwentshukumo yexesha lokwenyani: Le teknoloji ivumela oopopayi ukuba babone iziphumo zokusebenza kwabo kwangoko, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuhlela kunye nokugqibelela umsebenzi wabo.
• Ukubamba intshukumo yobuso: Ngokudibanisa ukubamba umzimba kunye nentshukumo yobuso, oopopayi banokudala abalinganiswa abanokwenyani nangakumbi.
• Ubunyani obubonakalayo: Ukuthathwa kweMotion kulindeleke ukuba kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni amava okwenene, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba basebenzisane neendawo zedijithali ngendlela yendalo kunye neyokuntywila.

Ngamafutshane, ukubamba intshukumo sisixhobo esimangalisayo esitshintshe imbonakalo yopopayi, sinikezela ngenye indlela eguqukayo neyinyani kwiindlela zemveli. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, akukho mathandabuzo okuba ukubanjwa kwentshukumo kuya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lopopayi.

Ukutyhila umlingo weMizobo eshukumayo

Njengomzobi wegrafiki eshukumayo, ndonwabele ukusebenza ngezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zokwenza umxholo obandakanyayo. Ezinye zezinto eziphambili ezenza ukuba imizobo eshukumayo ibe yodwa ibandakanya:

• Umbhalo kunye nokuchwetheza
• Iimilo kunye neempawu
• Imifanekiso kunye nemifanekiso
• Umboniso wevidiyo
• Isandi kunye nomculo

Ukwenza ezi zinto ziphile, sisebenzisa uluhlu lwezixhobo zesoftware, ezinje ngeAdobe After Effects, Cinema 4D, kunye neBlender, ezisivumela ukuba senze oopopayi abanzima ngokulula.

Izimbo kunye neeNdawo zeMizobo eshukumayo

Imizobo eshukumayo inokufumaneka kwiinkalo ezininzi, isebenzela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo kunye nemimandla apho imizobo eshukumayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo:

• Intengiso: Iimveliso zisebenzisa imizobo eshukumayo ukwenza iintengiso ezitsala amehlo kunye nomxholo wokuthengisa.
• Imithombo yeendaba zentlalo: Abadali bomxholo basebenzisa imizobo eshukumayo ukunyusa iividiyo zabo kunye nokubandakanya abaphulaphuli babo.
• Imiboniso yeshishini: Iinkampani zisebenzisa imizobo eshukumayo ukuchaza iikhonsepthi ezinzima ngendlela elula nenomdla.
• Ifilimu nomabonakude: Imizobo eshukumayo idla ngokusetyenziswa kulandelelwano lwesihloko, isithathu esisezantsi, kunye neziphumo ezibonakalayo.

Kutheni iMotion Graphics ibalulekile

Njengegcisa lemizobo eshukumayo, ndizibonele ngokwam ukubaluleka kolu hlobo lopopayi. Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuba kutheni imizobo eshukumayo ibalulekile kwihlabathi lanamhlanje eliqhutywa ngumxholo:

• Ukusetyenziswa ngokulula: Imizobo eshukumayo yenza kube lula kubabukeli ukuba baqonde kwaye bagcine ulwazi.
• Ukuguquguquka: Zingasetyenziswa kwiitshaneli ezininzi, ezinje ngeTV, iwebhu, kunye nemidiya yoluntu.
• Uphawu: Imizobo eshukumayo inceda iibrendi zenze isazisi esibonakalayo esingaguqukiyo, sisenza ukuba zikhumbuleke ngakumbi.
• Ubuchule bexesha: Zinokudlulisa iingcamango ezintsonkothileyo ngexesha elifutshane, zizenze zigqibelele kwihlabathi lanamhlanje elikhawulezayo.

Misa intshukumo: Ukuphefumlela ubomi kwizinto ezingaphiliyo

Olunye uhlobo oludumileyo lwemifanekiso eshukumayo yokumisa ludongwe, olusebenzisa imifanekiso yodongwe njengabalinganiswa abaphambili. Ezi zimilo zodongwe zinokubunjwa ngokulula kwaye zibekwe ukuze zenze iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentshukumo kunye neentetho. Inkqubo yokwenza ifilimu yobumba ibandakanya:

• Ukuqala ngombono olungileyo kunye neskripthi esicingisiswe kakuhle.
• Ukudala amakhulu eemilo zodongwe kunye neenxalenye zabalinganiswa kunye neeseti zamacandelo.
• Ukubeka imifanekiso yodongwe kwindawo efunwayo kwisakhelo ngasinye.
• Ukuthatha ifoto yendawo.
• Ukulungelelanisa kancinane amanani odongwe kwisakhelo esilandelayo.
• Ukuphinda le nkqubo izihlandlo ezingamawaka ukuvelisa ifilimu yokugqibela.

Ukwakha iHlabathi nge-LEGO kunye nezinye izixhobo

Misa intshukumo yoopopayi ayiphelelanga nje kudongwe. Ezinye izinto ezifana nezitena ze-LEGO, ukusika amaphepha, kunye nezinto zemihla ngemihla zingasetyenziselwa ukudala amabali awodwa kwaye anomdla. Inkqubo ifana ngokufanelekileyo nobumba, kodwa inokufuna amanyathelo ongezelelweyo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Umzekelo, intshukumo yokumisa i-LEGO inokubandakanya:

• Ukuyila kunye nokwakha amaqhekeza kunye nabalinganiswa.
• Ukubeka amanani e-LEGO kunye nezinto kwisakhelo ngasinye.
• Ukulungelelanisa ngononophelo amanani kunye nezinto zesakhelo esilandelayo.
• Ukufota isakhelo ngasinye kunye nokuzihlela kunye ukwenza ifilimu yokugqibela.

Ukongeza isandi kunye neziphumo ezikhethekileyo

Nje ukuba indawo ebonwayo ye-animation yentshukumo yokumisa igqityiwe, lixesha lokongeza isandi kunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukurekhoda incoko yababini kunye nokuyingqamanisa neentshukumo zomlomo zabalinganiswa.
• Ukongeza iziphumo zesandi ezifana neenyawo, ukuvulwa kweengcango, okanye izinto eziwayo.
• Ukubandakanya umculo ukuseta umoya kunye nokuphucula ibali.
• Ukusebenzisa isoftware yokuhlela ukongeza iziphumo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokudubula, ukupela komlingo, okanye imozulu.

isiphelo

Ke, oopopayi yindlela entle yokuzisa ubomi kumabali akho kunye nabalinganiswa. Ungayisebenzisa kuyo nantoni na, ukusuka kwiikhathuni ukuya kwiimuvi kunye neentengiso. 

Yindlela yobugcisa esebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, kwaye ungayisebenzisa ukubalisa ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lwebali. Ngoko, musa ukoyika ukuyizama!

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.