Abakhangeli bewebhu: Ziyintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 25, 2022

Yintoni isikhangeli sewebhu? Umkhangeli zincwadi wewebhu ngu Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware ekuvumela ukuba ujonge kwaye unxibelelane nomxholo okwi-intanethi. Ezona zikhangeli zidumileyo zewebhu nguGoogle Chrome, iMozilla Firefox, kunye neMicrosoft Edge.

Isikhangeli sewebhu sisicelo sesoftware esikuvumela ukuba ujonge kwaye usebenzisane nomxholo kwi-intanethi. Ezona zikhangeli zidumileyo zewebhu nguGoogle Chrome, iMozilla Firefox, kunye neMicrosoft Edge. Umsebenzi ophambili wesikhangeli sewebhu kuku Bonise amaphepha ewebhu kunye nezinye iziqulatho ngendlela esebenziseka lula. Isikhangeli sitolika i-HTML kunye nenye ikhowudi yewebhu kwaye sibonisa umxholo ngendlela ekulula ukuba abantu bayifunde kwaye basebenzisane nayo.

Isikhangeli sitolika i-HTML kunye nenye ikhowudi yewebhu kwaye sibonisa umxholo ngendlela ekulula ukuba abantu bayifunde kwaye basebenzisane nayo. Izikhangeli zewebhu zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwiiwebhusayithi, iivenkile ze-intanethi, imidiya yoluntu, kunye nezinye izinto ezikwi-intanethi. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukukhuphela kunye nokufakela ezinye iinkqubo kunye nesoftware.

Yintoni iWeb Browser?

Senza ntoni isikhangeli sewebhu?

Isikhangeli sewebhu sisixhobo esinamandla esikuvumela ukuba ufikelele kwi-intanethi, ujonge umbhalo, imifanekiso, iividiyo, kunye nokunye. Iibrowser ezidumileyo ziquka iFirefox, iGoogle Chrome, iMicrosoft Edge, kunye neApple Safari.

Itshintshe Njani I-Intanethi?

I-intanethi iyitshintshile indlela esisebenza ngayo, esidlala ngayo, kunye nokunxibelelana. Liziintlanga ezidityanisiweyo, urhwebo oluqhutywayo, ubudlelwane obukhuliswayo, kunye nophuhliso oluqhutywayo. Yinjini yekamva, kwaye inoxanduva lwazo zonke ezo memes ezihlekisayo.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukufikelela kwiWebhu?

Kubalulekile ukuqonda izixhobo esizisebenzisayo ukufikelela kwiwebhu. Ngokucofa okumbalwa, unga:

• Thumela i-imeyile komnye umntu kwelinye icala lehlabathi
• Guqula indlela ocinga ngayo ngolwazi
• Fumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo obungenakukwazi ukuyibuza
• Fikelela kuyo nayiphi na i-app okanye iqhekeza lolwazi ngelona xesha likhawulezayo

Iyamangalisa into onokuyenza ngexesha elifutshane kangaka!

Umguquli wewebhu

Isikhangeli sewebhu sifana nomguquleli phakathi kwethu kunye newebhu. Kuthatha ikhowudi eyenza amaphepha ewebhu, njenge-Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) imifanekiso, umbhalo, kunye namavidiyo, kwaye yenza ukuba ziqondeke kuthi. I-HTTP ibeka ngokusisiseko imigaqo emisela indlela imifanekiso, umbhalo, kunye neevidiyo ezithunyelwa ngayo kwi-intanethi. Oko kuthetha ukuba sifuna indlela yokuqonda i-Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) kunye nekhowudi yeJavascript ukuhamba nge-intanethi. Umzekelo, xa ujonga uphononongo lwe-ExpressVPN, isikhangeli sakho silayisha iphepha.

Kutheni le nto yonke iSayithi ijongeka yahlukile?

Okubuhlungu kukuba, abenzi beebrawuza bakhetha ukutolika ifomathi ngendlela yabo, okuthetha ukuba iiwebhusayithi zinokujonga kwaye zisebenze ngokwahlukileyo kuxhomekeke kwisikhangeli osisebenzisayo. Oku kudala ukunqongophala kokungaguquguquki abangakonwabeli abasebenzisi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, usenako ukonwabela i-intanethi nokuba yeyiphi na ibrawuza oyikhethayo.

Yintoni eyenza iWeb Browsers ziphawule?

Izikhangeli zewebhu zilanda idatha kwi-intanethi kwiseva eqhagamshelweyo. Basebenzisa i-software ebizwa ngokuba yi-injini yokunikezela ukuguqulela idatha kwisicatshulwa, imifanekiso, kunye nenye idatha ebhalwe ngoLwimi lwe-Hypertext Markup (HTML). Abakhangeli bewebhu bafunde le khowudi kwaye benze amava okubonwayo onawo kwi-intanethi. Ii-hyperlink zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandele umendo wamaphepha kunye neesayithi kwiwebhu iphela. Iphepha lewebhu ngalinye, umfanekiso, okanye ividiyo ineSibonelelo seSibonelelo esiFanayo (URL), ekwaziwa njengedilesi yewebhu. Xa isikhangeli sindwendwela umncedisi, idatha kwidilesi yewebhu ixelela umkhangeli ukuba makajonge ntoni kwaye iHTML ixelela umkhangeli ukuba makaye phi kwiphepha lewebhu.

Yintoni esemva kweKhateni leZikhangeli zeWebhu?

IsiBonelelo seSixhobo esiFanayo (URL)

Xa uchwetheza idilesi yephepha lewebhu, njenge www.allaboutcookies.org, kwibrawuza yakho kwaye ucofe ikhonkco, kufana nokunika umkhomba-ndlela wesikhangeli sakho apho ufuna ukuya khona.

Ukucela isiqulatho kwiiSeva

Iiseva apho isiqulatho sephepha lewebhu sigcinwe sifumana umxholo kwaye sikubonise sona. Kodwa eyona nto yenzekayo kukuba isikhangeli sakho sifowunela uluhlu lwezicelo zomxholo osuka koovimba bolwazi abahlukeneyo kunye neeseva apho umxholo welo phepha ugcinwe khona.

Imithombo eyahlukeneyo yoMxholo

Iphepha lewebhu olicelileyo linokuba nomxholo ovela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo-imifanekiso inokuphuma kwiseva enye, umxholo wokubhaliweyo kwenye, izikripthi ezisuka kwenye, kunye neentengiso ezisuka kwenye iseva. Isikhangeli sakho sifumana yonke idatha kwiseva kwaye isebenzisa isoftwe yenjini yokunikezela ukuguqulela iphepha lewebhu ukusuka kwikhowudi yeHTML, imifanekiso, kunye nokubhaliweyo.

Yintoni iHTTP kunye neHTTPS?

HTTP: Iziseko

• I-HTTP imele i-Hypertext Transfer Protocol kwaye yinkqubo yonxibelelwano ephambili ebeka imigaqo yokusefa kwi-intanethi.
• Isetyenziselwa ukuguqulela ikhowudi yamaphepha ewebhu kwizinto ezibonakalayo esiziqhelileyo.

HTTPS: Umahluko

• I-HTTPS ifana kakhulu ne-HTTP, kodwa ngokwahlukana okubalulekileyo: ifihla idatha ethunyelwa ukusuka kwiphepha lewebhu ukuya kumsebenzisi kwaye ngokuphambene noko.
• Olu qhagamshelo lukhuselekileyo lwenziwe nge-Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) kunye ne-Transport Layer Security (TLS) ubuchwepheshe.
• Abaphequluli abasebenzisa i-HTTP bayakwazi ukufumana kunye nokuthumela idatha kumaphepha ewebhu, ngelixa iiphequluli ezisebenzisa i-HTTPS zikwazi ukufumana ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye zithumele idatha kumaphepha ewebhu ngoqhagamshelwano olufihliweyo.

Ukuphonononga iiMpawu zeWeb Browsers

Ulawulo olubalulekileyo

Izikhangeli zewebhu zinolawulo olubalulekileyo olwenza ukuba amava akho ewebhu abe yimpepho. Ezi ziquka:

• Ibha yedilesi: Ifumaneka phezulu kwisikhangeli, kulapho uchwetheza khona i-URL yewebhusayithi ofuna ukufikelela kuyo.
• Izongezo kunye nezandiso: Abaphuhlisi be-App benza izongezo kunye nezandiso ukunceda ukuphucula amava akho ewebhu. Oku kubandakanya ixesha lokugxila, iiclipper zewebhu, abacwangcisi bemidiya yoluntu, kunye neebhukhimakhi.
• Amanqaku eencwadi: Ukuba ufuna ukutsala iwebhusayithi okhe wayindwendwela ngaphambili, yiphawule ukuze ukwazi ukuya kuyo ngokulula kwixesha elizayo ngaphandle kokuchwetheza i-URL.
• Imbali yesikhangeli: Imbali yesikhangeli sakho irekhoda iiwebhusayithi ozindwendwele ngexesha elithile. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukufumana ulwazi olubonileyo ngaphambili. Sicebisa ukuba ucime imbali yakho ukuba wabelana nabanye ngekhompyuter yakho.

Ifestile yebhrawuza

Ifestile yesikhangeli yeyona nto iphambili yesikhangeli. Ikuvumela ukuba ujonge umxholo wephepha lewebhu.

cookies

Iikuki ziifayile ezibhaliweyo ezigcina ulwazi kunye nedatha ukuba iwebhusayithi ethile inokwabelana ngayo. Iikuki zinokuba luncedo ekugcineni ulwazi lwakho lokungena kunye nenqwelo yokuthenga, kodwa kukho inkxalabo yabucala.

Inkcazo yaseKhaya

Iphepha lakho lasekhaya liphepha olisethe njengelihlala ukho. Isebenza njengendawo yokuqala yokuqalisa isikhangeli sakho sewebhu kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya amakhonkco kwiindawo zakho ozithandayo. Ukuhamba ngokulula ukuya kwiphepha lakho lasekhaya nangaliphi na ixesha, vele ucofe iqhosha lasekhaya lesikhangeli.

Amaqhosha okuhamba

Amaqhosha okukhangela ebhrawuza akuvumela ukuba uye emva naphambili, uhlaziye okanye ulayishe kwakhona iphepha, kwaye uphawule iphepha (lidla ngokuba nenkwenkwezi okanye isimboli yebhukmakhi).

Izandiso zebrawuza

Izandiso zebhrawuza zidla ngokumelwa sisiqwengana sephazili okanye amachaphaza amathathu apakishweyo okanye imivalo. Bakunceda uvule iphepha elitsha lewebhu ngokunqakraza ikhonkco, kwaye iphepha elitsha livula kwithebhu, ikuvumela ukuba utshintshe ngokulula phakathi kwamaphepha ewebhu ahlukeneyo.

Izikhangeli zewebhu ezidumileyo kuye wonke umntu

Apple Safari

• ISafari sisikhangeli sika-Apple, esenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-Apple ezinjengeMacbooks, ii-iPhones, kunye nee-iPads.
• Ibonelela nge-anti-malware kunye neempawu zabucala, kunye ne-ad blocker.

Google Chrome

• IChrome sesona sikhangeli sewebhu sidumileyo kwidesktop, kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngamava apheleleyo eNdawo yokuSebenza kaGoogle, kubandakanya iGmail, iYouTube, iGoogle Docs, kunye neGoogle Drive.

Microsoft Edge

• Umda wenziwa nguMicrosoft ukuba athathe indawo ye-Internet Explorer.
• Ineempawu ezininzi ezenza kube lukhetho olukhulu kubasebenzisi beWindows.

Mozilla Firefox

• IFirefox yenziwa yiProjekthi yeMozilla, eyayisekwe ekuqaleni kwisikhangeli seNetscape.
• Idume kakhulu kubasebenzisi abafuna ubumfihlo, njengoko ibonelela ngezinto ezingenazo iChrome.

Opera

• I-Opera sisikhangeli esigxile kubumfihlo esiza nezinto ezininzi eziluncedo, njengeVPN kunye nesithinteli sentengiso.
• Ikwayenye iBrowser yeCrypto, iTor.

unompilo Browser

• I-Tor, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Onion Router, sisikhangeli somthombo ovulekileyo esithathwa njengokhetho olukhethwa ngabageli kunye neentatheli.
• Ikuvumela ukuba ujikeleze iwebhu emnyama ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo, kwaye yadalwa kuqala nguMkhosi waManzi wase-US.

Vivaldi

• IVivaldi sisikhangeli somthombo ovulekileyo esingagqibekanga ekuthinteleni iintengiso, kubandakanya neentengiso zevidiyo.
• Olona phawu lwayo ludumileyo mhlawumbi kukukwazi ukujonga iithebhu kwifomati yethayile.

Yintoni iikuki kwaye zizisebenzisa njani izikhangeli?

Zintoni Cookies?

Iicookies zilungile yedijithali iifayile ezinceda iiwebhusayithi ukuba zilungele amava akho ewebhu. Bavumela indawo ukuba ikhumbule ulwazi owabelene ngalo, njengolwazi lokungena, izinto ezikwinqwelo yakho yokuthenga, kunye nedilesi yakho ye-IP.

Imithetho Yabucala kunye neekuki

I-European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) ifuna iiwebhusayithi ukuba zicele imvume ngaphambi kokusebenzisa iikuki. Sicebisa ukuba uthathele ingqalelo isicelo secookie kwaye wamkele kuphela ezona zingcono ukunqanda ukwamkela iikuki zokulandela umkhondo.

Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha emva kokushiya iWebhusayithi

Nasemva kokuba ushiye iwebhusayithi, iikuki zisenako ukuqokelela idatha. Ukunqanda oku, unoku:

• Sula ii cookies zakho
• Lungisa iisetingi zabucala zesikhangeli sakho
• Sebenzisa ifestile yokukhangela yabucala.

Ukugcina uBucala bakho

Yintoni ukhangelo lwabucala?

Ukhangelo lwabucala luseto olukhoyo phantse kuzo zonke iibhrawuza ezinkulu ukunceda ukufihla imbali yakho yokukhangela kwabanye abantu abasebenzisa ikhompyuter enye. Abantu bacinga ukuba ukhangelo lwabucala, olukwabizwa ngokuba yimowudi ye-incognito, luya kuzifihla iinkcukacha zabo kunye nembali yokukhangela kubaboneleli benkonzo ye-intanethi, oorhulumente, kunye nabathengisi.

Ndingayicima Njani Imbali Yam?

Ukucoca imbali yakho yokukhangela yindlela entle yokunceda ugcine iinkcukacha zakho ezibuthathaka zikhuselekile. Ukuba usebenzisa ikhompyuter kawonke wonke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucima imbali yakho. Nantsi indlela yokwenza:

• IFirefox: Khuphela iFirefox kwaye ujonge iSaziso saBucala seFirefox. IFirefox ikunceda uhlale ubucala kwi-intanethi ngokukuvumela ukuba uvale iitracker kunye nezinye izinto ezikulandelayo kwiwebhu jikelele.

• IChrome: Vula iChrome kwaye ucofe amachaphaza amathathu kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene. Emva koko, cofa kuSeto kwaye uskrolele ezantsi kuBucala kunye noKhuseleko. Cofa kuCima iDatha yokukhangela kwaye ukhethe idatha ofuna ukuyicima.

Ndingazihlaziya njani iiSetingi zaBucala zeSikhangeli sam?

Google Chrome

Ukuhlaziya useto lwakho lwabucala kuGoogle Chrome kulula:

• Cofa ekunene kwisikhangeli sakho kwaye ukhethe amachaphaza amathathu
• Khetha imenyu eyehlayo ethi 'Izicwangciso'
• Khetha 'uBucala kunye noKhuseleko'
• Sicebisa ukuba uye kwinketho ethi 'Cima iDatha yokuKhangela' ukuze ucime imbali yebrawuza yakho, ucime iikuki kunye ne-cache
• Ngaphantsi 'kweeKuki kunye neDatha yeSayithi', ungaxelela uChrome ukuba avale iikuki zomntu wesithathu, uvimbe zonke iikuki okanye uvumele zonke iikuki.
• Ungaxelela uChrome ukuba athumele izicelo zokuthi 'Musa ukuKhangela' xa ubrawuza iisayithi ezahlukeneyo
• Okokugqibela, khetha inqanaba lokhuseleko ofuna ukuba iChrome isebenzise xa kufikwa kwiiwebhusayithi ezinobungozi kunye nokukhutshelwa.

Ukwenza iSikhangeli sakho seWebhu ngokwezifiso

Izandiso kunye nezongezo

Iibhrawuza ezinkulu zewebhu zikuvumela ukuba uguqule amava akho ngezandiso kunye nezongezo. Ezi bits zesoftware zongeza ukusebenza kwaye wenze ngokwezifiso isikhangeli sakho, sivumela iimpawu ezintsha, izichazi-magama zolwimi lwasemzini, kunye nenkangeleko ebonakalayo njengemixholo. Abavelisi bebhrawuza baphuhlisa iimveliso zokubonisa imifanekiso kunye nevidiyo ngokukhawuleza nangokutyibilikayo, oko bekwenza kube lula ukwenza iwebhu isebenze nzima kuwe.

Ukukhetha Isikhangeli Sasekunene

Kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhangeli esifanelekileyo. IMozilla yakha iFirefox ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banolawulo kubomi babo be-intanethi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-intanethi sisixhobo sikawonke-wonke sehlabathi esifikelelekayo kubo bonke.

Ukwenza iWebhu isebenzele wena

Ukwenza iwebhu isebenze kuwe kunokuba mnandi kwaye isebenze. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Vula iifitsha ezintsha
• Sebenzisa izichazi-magama zolwimi lwasemzini
• Lungiselela imbonakalo yembonakalo ngemixholo
• Bonisa imifanekiso kunye nevidiyo ngokukhawuleza nangokutyibilikayo
• Qinisekisa ukuba isikhangeli sakho siyakhawuleza kwaye sinamandla
• Qinisekisa ukuba kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Iindlela ezi-5 zokukhusela amava akho okukhangela kwiwebhu

Izikhangeli zeChrome

• Iziphequluli zeChrome zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okhuseleko ukuqinisekisa amava akhuselekileyo kwi-intanethi.
• Jonga iimpawu zokukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile kwaye ukhuselekile ngelixa ubrawuza.

Iingcebiso zoBucala kunye noKhuseleko

• Gcina isikhangeli sakho sisexesheni ukuqinisekisa iipetshi zokhuseleko zamva nje.
• Sebenzisa imowudi yokukhangela yabucala xa ungafuni ukuba imbali yakho yokukhangela ilandelelwe.
• Sebenzisa umphathi wegama lokugqitha ukwenza kunye nokugcina amagama antsonkothileyo.
• Yenza ungqinisiso lwezinto ezimbini kukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
• Sebenzisa i-ad blocker ukunqanda ukuvela kweentengiso ezinobungozi.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, iibrowser zewebhu zibalulekile ekuhambeni kwi-intanethi kwaye kufuneka zigcinwe zihlaziyiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubumfihlo bakho bukhuselwe. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuzikhusela kwi-intanethi, njengokusebenzisa i-VPN, izithinteli zentengiso, kunye nesoftware ye-antivirus. Ngezi zixhobo, unokukhangela iwebhu ngokungaziwa kwaye uhlale ukhuselekile kubasebenzisi abakhohlakeleyo. Ke, thatha ixesha lokuziqhelanisa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhrawuza ezikhoyo kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko onokuthi uyithathe ukuzikhusela kwi-intanethi.

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.