I-Decibel: Yintoni kwaye uyisebenzisa njani kwiMveliso yeZandi

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 29, 2022

I-Decibel yiyunithi yomlinganiselo esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu be Isandi. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yesandi kunye nobunjineli bomsindo.

I-Decibel ishunqulelwe njenge-(dB), kwaye yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo xa isiza ekurekhodweni nasekudlaleni kwakhona kwesandi.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha iziseko ze-decibel, indlela esebenza ngayo kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa ukuze uzuze xa usenza isandi.

Inkcazo yedecibel

I-decibel (dB) yiyunithi yelogarithmic esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa inqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi (ukuphakama kwesandi). Isikali se-decibel asiqhelekanga kuba indlebe yomntu inovakalelo olumangalisayo. Iindlebe zakho zinokuva yonke into ukusuka kwincam yomnwe wakho ibrasha kancinci eluswini lwakho ukuya kwinjini yejethi ephezulu. Ngokubhekiselele kumandla, isandi se-jet injini sinamandla ngamaxesha angama-1,000,000,000 ngaphezu kwesandi esincinci esivakalayo. Ngumahluko ophambeneyo lowo kwaye ukuze sikwazi ukwahlula ngcono lo mahluko mkhulu kangaka kumandla sifuna isikali sedecibel.

Umlinganiselo we-decibel usebenzisa i-base-10 yexabiso le-logarithmic yomlinganiselo phakathi kwemilinganiselo emibini eyahlukeneyo ye-acoustic: iNqanaba loxinzelelo lomsindo (SPL) kunye noxinzelelo lwesandi (SP). I-SPL yinto oqhele ukucinga ngayo xa ucinga ngokungxola-ilinganisa ukuba isandi sinamandla angakanani kwindawo ethile. I-SP, kwelinye icala, ilinganisa ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo lomoya olubangelwa ngamaza esandi kwindawo enye esithubeni. Yomibini imilinganiselo ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa izandi kwizicelo zelizwe lokwenyani njengezitudiyo zokurekhoda okanye iiholo.

I-Decibel yenye yeshumi (1/10th) yeBel eyathiywa ngo-Alexander Graham Bell - umqambi u-Anthony Gray uchaza indlela "ibel enye ehambelana ngayo novakalelo lwe-acoustic malunga ne-10-ixesha elikhulu kunokuba abantu banokubona" ​​- Ngokwahlula le yunithi ibe Amacandelo amancinci ali-10 sinokuwubala ngcono umahluko omncinci wokukhupha i-sonic kwaye senze uthelekiso olulula phakathi kweethowuni kunye nokuthungwa ngokuchaneka okucokisekileyo. Ngokubanzi i-0 dB inqanaba lesalathiso liya kuthetha ukuba akukho ngxolo ibonakalayo, ngelixa i-20 dB iya kuthetha ingxolo epholileyo kodwa evakalayo; I-40 dB kufuneka ibephezulu ngokuqaphelekayo kodwa ingakhululeki ixesha lokumamela elongeziweyo; I-70–80 dB iya kubeka uxinzelelo oluthe kratya kwiindlebe zakho kunye neefrikhwensi zebhendi eziphezulu eziqala ukugqwethwa kukudinwa; ngaphezulu kwe-90-100dB unokuqalisa ngokuyingozi ukwenza umonakalo osisigxina kwindlebe yakho ukuba uvezwa ixesha elongeziweyo ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo.

Iiyunithi zemilinganiselo

Kwimveliso yesandi, imilinganiselo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-amplitude okanye ukuqina kwamaza omsindo. Iidecibels (dB) zezona yunithi yokulinganisa isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo xa kuxoxwa ngokungxola kwesandi kwaye zisebenza njengesikali sereferensi ukuthelekisa izandi ezahlukeneyo. Sisakhono esisivumelayo ukuba siqonde ukuba isandi esithile singxola kangakanani na xa sithelekisa nesinye.

I-Decibel ithathwe kumagama amabini esiLatini: deci, intsingiselo yesinye-eshumi, kunye ne-belum, ethiywe ngo-Alexander Graham Bell ngembeko yegalelo lakhe kwi-acoustics. Inkcazo yayo inikwa “njengesahlulo seshumi se-bel” ethi yona ichazwe “njengeyunithi yokuqina kwesandi”.

Uluhlu lwamanqanaba oxinzelelo lwesandi oluvunyiweyo ziindlebe zomntu luwa lusuka nje ngaphezulu kwe-0 dB kwinqanaba elisezantsi (aluvakali kakuhle) ukuya kuthi ga kwi-160 dB kumda ongaphezulu (umda obuhlungu). Inqanaba le-decibel lencoko ezolileyo phakathi kwabantu ababini abahleli kuphela kwimitha enye ngaphandle kwama-60 dB. Ukusebeza okuzolileyo kuyakuba malunga ne-30 dB kuphela kwaye umndilili wocheba ingca unokubhalisa malunga ne-90–95 dB ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni imilinganiselo ikude kangakanani na.

Xa usebenza ngezandi, kubalulekile ukuba iinjineli zeaudio kunye nabavelisi baqonde ukuba iziphumo ezinje nge-EQ okanye ucinezelo zinokutshintsha inqanaba le-decibel lilonke ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle okanye zithunyelwe ukuba ziyokwazi ukuzibamba. Ukongeza, amacandelo angxola ngokugqithisileyo kufuneka enziwe aqheleke okanye ehliswe ngaphantsi kwe-0 dB ngaphambi kokuthumela ngaphandle kweprojekthi yakho ngaphandle koko ungangena kwimiba yokucofa xa uzama ukudlala kwakhona imathiriyeli yakho kamva.

Ukuqonda iDecibel

I-Decibel yinkqubo yokulinganisa esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu bamaza esandi. Idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya umgangatho wesandi, misela isandi sengxolo, kwaye ubale inqanaba lomqondiso. Kwimveliso yesandi kubalulekile ukuqonda iziseko ze-decibel njengoko isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu bamaza omsindo ukuze kulungiswe ukurekhoda, ukuxuba, kunye nokulawula. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa ingcamango ye-decibel kunye nendlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo kwimveliso yesandi.

Indlela i-decibel esetyenziswa ngayo kwimveliso yesandi

I-Decibel (dB) yiyunithi yomlinganiselo wenqanaba lesandi kwaye isetyenziswa kwisitudiyo sokurekhoda nangaphandle kweemvumi. Inceda iingcali zeaudio zazi ukuba zilungelelaniswe nini na amanqanaba esandi okanye zinyuse imakrofoni ngaphandle koloyiko lokugqwethwa okanye ukunqunyulwa. Iidecibels zikwasisitshixo sokuphucula ukubekwa kwesithethi sakho kunye nokwenza ngcono isandi kunye nokuqonda iidecibels kunokuncedisa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba indawo yakho yonke inokuva owona mgangatho wesandi ubalaseleyo.

Kwiisetingi ezininzi, inqanaba le-decibel phakathi kwe-45 kunye ne-55 dB lifanelekile. Eli nqanaba liza kubonelela ngengcaciso eyaneleyo ngelixa likwagcina ingxolo yangasemva isezantsi okwamkelekileyo. Xa ufuna ukuphakamisa uluhlu lwezwi, lwandise ngokuthe ngcembe phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-3 dB ukunyuka de ifike kwinqanaba elinokuviwa ngokucacileyo kuyo yonke indawo kodwa ngeempendulo ezincinci okanye ukuphazamiseka.

Xa unciphisa amanqanaba e-decibel, ngokukodwa kwimidlalo ephilayo, qalisa ngokunciphisa isixhobo ngasinye ngokucothayo kwi-4 dB ukunyuka ude ufumane loo ndawo imnandi elinganisa isixhobo ngasinye ngokufanelekileyo; nangona kunjalo, hlala ukhumbula ukuba ezinye izixhobo kufuneka zihlale zizinzile ngexesha le-dynamics egcweleyo efana needrummer ezidlala iipateni ezipheleleyo okanye ii-soloists ezithatha ii-solos ezongeziweyo. Ukuba ukusebenza kwebhendi epheleleyo kwenzeka ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso olululo ngoko wehlise zonke izixhobo nge-6 ukuya kwi-8 dB ngokunyuswa ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni isixhobo ngasinye sidlala phezulu kangakanani kuluhlu lwazo.

Nje ukuba amanqanaba e-decibel afanelekileyo amiselwe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwigumbi elithile kulula ukuphinda-phinda ezo seto zamanye amagumbi anoyilo olufanayo ukuba usebenzisa iimakrofoni ezininzi eziqhagamshelwe ngeziphumo zomgca kwibhodi enye endaweni yeetephu zombhobho zomntu ngamnye kwigumbi ngalinye. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zingaphi ii-decibels ezifanelekileyo kuphela kodwa nalapho kufuneka zilungelelaniswe khona ukuze ukhethe iindawo ezichanekileyo zokubeka imakrofoni ngokobungakanani begumbi, iintlobo zemathiriyeli esetyenziswa kwimigangatho yomgangatho, iindidi zeefestile njl.njl. Ukudala amanqanaba esandi angaguqukiyo kuyo yonke indawo eqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yakho ivakala kakuhle nokuba iviwa phi!

Indlela idecibel esetyenziswa ngayo ukulinganisa ubunzulu besandi

I-Decibel (dB) yiyunithi esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu besandi. Idla ngokulinganiswa ngemitha ye-dB, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimitha ye-decibel okanye imitha yenqanaba lesandi, kwaye ichazwa njengomlinganiselo we-logarithmic phakathi kwezixa ezibini zomzimba-ngokuqhelekileyo ivoltage okanye uxinzelelo lwesandi. Ii-decibels zisetyenziswa kubunjineli be-acoustic kunye nokuveliswa kweaudio kuba zisivumela ukuba sicinge ngokungxola okuhambelanayo endaweni yobukhulu obupheleleyo, kwaye ziyasivumela ukuba sinxulumanise imiba eyahlukeneyo yomqondiso we-acoustic.

Iidecibels zingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu bengxolo eveliswa zizixhobo zomculo, zombini kwiqonga nakwi studio. Zibalulekile ekumiseleni ukuba sifuna ukuba imixube yethu kunye neamplifiers zibe phezulu kangakanani; sidinga i-headroom engakanani phakathi kwee-microphone zethu; ingakanani ingoma ekufuneka yongezwe ukuzisa ubomi kumculo; kunye nezinto ezinje nge studio acoustics. Ekuxubeni, iimitha ze-decibel zisinceda silungelelanise useto lwecompressor nganye ngokusekwe kumanqanaba omndilili wehlabathi, ngelixa enkosini ubukho bazo bunokunceda ukugcina imveliso ephezulu ngaphandle kokunqunyulwa okungeyomfuneko okanye ukugqwetheka.

Ukongeza kusetyenziso olunxulumene nesixhobo, iidecibels ziluncedo kakhulu kumlinganiselo ingxolo yendawo amanqanaba afana ne-ofisi hum okanye ingxolo yebhasi ngaphandle kwefestile yakho - naphi na apho unokufuna ukwazi ubunzulu obuchanekileyo bomthombo wesandi. Amanqanaba e-Decibel nawo abonelela ngezikhokelo zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo ezimele zingahoywa xa uvelisa umculo kwimiqulu ephezulu: ukubonakaliswa kwexesha elide kwisandi kumandla amakhulu kune-85 dB kunokubangela ukungeva, i-tinnitus kunye nezinye iimpembelelo ezimbi kwimpilo yakho. Ngoko ke kusoloko kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ii-headphones ezisemgangathweni okanye iimonitha xa kunokwenzeka - kungekuphela nje kwiziphumo zokuxuba ezizezona zilungileyo kodwa kunye nokukhuselwa kumonakalo wexesha elide obangelwa kukuvezwa ngokugqithisileyo kwizandi ezivakalayo.

I-Decibel kwiMveliso yeZandi

I-Decibel (dB) ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wamanqanaba esandi esinxulumeneyo kwaye isetyenziswa kwimveliso yesandi. Ikwasisixhobo esiluncedo sokulinganisa isandi sesandi kunye nokulungelelanisa amanqanaba orekhodisho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa indlela iidecibels ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo kwimveliso yesandi kunye nento omele uyikhumbule xa usebenzisa lo mlinganiselo.

Inqanaba le-Decibel kunye nefuthe layo kwimveliso yesandi

Ukuqonda kunye nokusebenzisa amanqanaba e-decibel kubalulekile kwiingcali zokuvelisa isandi, njengoko zivumela ukuba zilinganise ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zilawule umthamo wokurekhoda kwazo. I-Decibel (dB) yiyunithi yomlinganiselo esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzulu besandi. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya iinkqubo zesandi, ubunjineli, kunye nokuveliswa kweaudio.

Isandi sifuna iidecibels ukuze siviwe yindlebe yomntu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ivolyum eninzi inokubangela umonakalo wokuva, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba into iza kungxola kangakanani na phambi kokuba unyuse iidecibels zibe phezulu kakhulu. Ngokomyinge, abantu banokuva izandi ukusuka kwi-0 dB ukuya kwi-140 dB nangaphezulu. Nantoni na engaphezulu kwe-85 dB inokubanakho ukonakaliswa kwindlebe ngokuxhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokuvezwa, kunye nokuba sesichengeni esiqhubekayo kuthathwa njengengozi ngakumbi.

Ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso yesandi, iintlobo ezithile zomculo zihlala zifuna amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-decibel - umzekelo, umculo we-rock udla ngokufuna ii-decibels eziphezulu kunomculo we-acoustic okanye i-jazz - kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni okanye uhlobo lokurekhoda, kubalulekile ukuba abavelisi besandi bahlale khumbula ukuba ilizwi elivakalayo alikhokeleli nje ekubeni umphulaphuli angakhululeki kodwa kwanokungeva kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinjineli ezinobuchule kufuneka zinciphise amanqanaba aphezulu xa zenza ushicilelo olujoliswe kwiimarike zabathengi ngokusebenzisa ucinezelo oluguquguqukayo kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba emveliso yehardware ngelixa urekhoda ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqwetheka kunye nokuqinisekisa amava afanelekileyo okuphulaphula ngaphandle kokugqithisa umgangatho okhuselekileyo wokukhwaza. Ukunceda ukunciphisa nakuphi na ukungangqinelani kwe-sonic phakathi koshicilelo kufuneka basebenzise ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo xa bexuba iingoma ezahlukeneyo kwaye baqinisekise inqanaba legalelo elingaguqukiyo kuyo yonke imithombo yolwazi.

Uwahlengahlengisa njani amanqanaba e-decibel ukuze uvelise isandi esisiso

Igama elithi 'decibel' lidla ngokusetyenziswa kwimveliso yesandi, kodwa lithetha ukuthini ngokwenene? I-decibel (dB) yiyunithi yokulinganisa esetyenziselwa ukumisela inqanaba lokuqina okanye isandi. Ke, xa sithetha ngemveliso yesandi kunye namanqanaba, i-dB ibonisa umyinge wamandla kuhlobo ngalunye lwamaza. Okukhona liphezulu ixabiso le-dB, kokukhona kukho amandla angakumbi okanye ubunzulu kwimo yamaza onikiweyo.

Xa uhlengahlengisa amanqanaba e-decibel kwimveliso yesandi, ukuqonda ukuba kutheni amanqanaba e-decibel enza umahluko kubaluleke kakhulu njengokuqonda indlela yokuwalungisa ngokuchanekileyo. Kwindawo efanelekileyo yokurekhoda, kuya kufuneka ujolise kwizandi ezizolileyo ezingabhalisi ngaphezu kwe-40dB kunye nezandi eziphezulu ezingekho ngaphezulu kwe-100dB. Ukulungelelanisa izicwangciso zakho ngaphakathi kwezi ngcebiso kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba neenkcukacha ezincinci ziyavakala kwaye ukuphazamisa ukusuka kwi-SPLs ephezulu (iNqanaba loxinzelelo lweSound) kunokuncitshiswa kakhulu.

Ukuqala ukuhlengahlengisa useto lwe-decibel yakho qiniseka ukuba ujonga i-acoustics yegumbi lakho kwangaphambili njengoko oku kuya kuba nefuthe kwinto oyivayo xa udlala. Ungasebenzisa enye yeendlela ezimbini - uhlengahlengiso olwenziwa ngesandla okanye usetyenziso oluqhutywa yidatha - ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo indawo yakho yokurekhoda.

Uhlengahlengiso olwenziwa ngesandla lufuna ukuseta ithoni yetshaneli nganye kwaye uxhomekeke kwiindlebe zakho ukumisela ezona zicwangciso zilungileyo zomxube wetshaneli nganye. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ube nokuguquguquka okupheleleyo kokuyila kodwa ifuna umonde kunye nobuchule njengoko uvavanya ukuba iithowuni ezahlukeneyo zinxibelelana njani ukuze uphumeze umgangatho wesandi ongowona uphezulu ngokulinganisa phakathi kwazo zonke izinto zomxube wehla.

Ngolungiselelo oluqhutywa yidatha, nangona kunjalo, ii-algorithms zesoftware zisebenza ngokukhawuleza nangengqiqo ukukhulisa amanqanaba ngokuzenzekelayo kuwo onke amajelo ngaxeshanye ngokusekwe kuhlalutyo lwedatha ye-acoustic evela kumacala onke amagumbi - ukonga ixesha ngaphandle kokuncama ubuchule: Xa kumiselwe iiparamitha ezifanelekileyo ezifakwe ngaphambili Injineli enje ngemigangatho yesilingi ethandwayo yomsindo kwiifrikhwensi ezithile njl.njl., iinkqubo ezithile ezizenzekelayo ezifana ne-SMAATO zinokubeka ngokuchanekileyo imiqondiso emininzi ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo yazo ye-sonic ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso olubizileyo lwenziwa ngokubonelela iinjineli zeaudio ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwizinga elithembekileyo elizenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa umgangatho wokusebenza kakuhle. ulawulo lokuhamba komsebenzi ngexesha lentlupheko ngenxa yemihla emisiweyo njl.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela oyisebenzisayo qinisekisa ukuba ii-headphones zokubeka esweni ezifanelekileyo ziplagiwe phambi kokwenza naluphi na uhlengahlengiso ukuze iingxaki ezinxulumene nokutshintsha kwetoni okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla athile kube lula ukuqondwa kwangoko ngexesha lohlengahlengiso kwaye emva koko kuphuculwe ukuchaneka ngokuvumela izinto eziguquguqukayo njengazo naziphi na iziphumo zokulinganisa okuphilayo. njl. xa usabelana ngomculo okanye imathiriyeli eyenziwe noogxa ngakumbi ukuba zonke iirekhodi zaqalwa ngaphakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo ngaphambili iinzame zokubulela ezityalwe kwangaphambili zithathelwe ingqalelo !

Iingcebiso zokuSebenza ngeDecibel

I-decibels yeyona yunithi yokulinganisa ibaluleke kakhulu xa kusenziwa ushicilelo lwesandi. Ukufunda ukusebenzisa ii-decibels ngokufanelekileyo xa uvelisa isandi esirekhodiweyo kuqinisekisa ukuba urekhodo lwakho luya kuba nomgangatho wobuchwephesha, wokuthembeka okuphezulu. Eli candelo liza kuxubusha ngezinto ezisisiseko zeedecibels lize linike namacebiso ngendlela yokuzisebenzisa xa uvelisa isandi esirekhodiweyo.

Indlela yokubeka iliso ngokufanelekileyo amanqanaba e-decibel

Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba e-decibel ngokuchanekileyo licandelo elibaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yesandi. Ngamanqanaba angachanekanga okanye agqithisileyo, isandi kwindawo ethile sinokuba yingozi kwaye, ekuhambeni kwexesha, sonakalise ngokusisigxina ukuva kwakho. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuchaneka kwaye ungaguquguquki xa ubeka iliso kumanqanaba e-decibel.

Indlebe yomntu inokuthabatha amanqanaba esandi ukusuka kwi-0 dB ukuya kwi-140 dB; nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lokhuseleko elicetyiswayo yimigangatho ye-Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) yi-85 dB kwisithuba seeyure ezisibhozo. Ekubeni i-amplitude yesandi itshintsha kakhulu kunye nesakhiwo sezinto endleleni yayo, le mimiselo yokhuseleko iya kusebenza ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yakho. Qwalasela ukuba kukho imiphezulu ekhanyayo eneengile eziqinileyo ezinokuthi zitshintshe amaza esandi kwaye zonyuse amanqanaba engxolo ngaphaya koko ubufuna okanye ubukulindele.

Ukuqala ukubeka esweni ii-decibels ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kuya kufuneka ube nenjineli ye-acoustic yobuchwephesha ize iqikelele ufundo lokuseta okanye imeko yokusebenza ozama ukuyivelisela okanye ukuyirekhoda isandi. Oku kuya kukunika umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokufundwa kwenqanaba lengxolo elidibeneyo elinokuthi lisebenze njengokulinganisa kulo lonke ixesha lemveliso okanye ubude bexesha lokusebenza. Ukongeza, ukuseta imigangatho yengxolo ephezulu eyamkelekileyo xa usenza iaudio ukunciphisa isandi esingxolayo ngequbuliso okanye ukuveza ixesha elide kwizandi ezingxolayo kakhulu kunokunceda ukubeka iliso kwimveliso ngokungaguqukiyo ngaphandle kokufundwa ngokwasemzimbeni kwindawo nganye entsha xa urekhoda amava aphilayo njengeekonsathi okanye imveliso yobugcisa.

Indlela yokulungelelanisa amanqanaba e-decibel kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo

Nokuba urekhoda estudio, ukuxuba kwindawo ephilayo, okanye uqinisekisa ukuba ii-headphones zakho zikwinqanaba lokumamela elikhululekileyo, kukho imigaqo esisiseko ekufuneka uyigcine engqondweni xa uhlengahlengisa amanqanaba e-decibel.

Iidecibels (dB) zilinganisa ubunzulu besandi kunye nobukhulu besandi esinxulumeneyo. Ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso yomsindo, ii-decibels zibonisa ukuba kangaphi isandi esithile sesandi sifikelela ezindlebeni zakho. Umgaqo jikelele wesithupha kukuba i-0 dB kufuneka ibe ngumthamo wakho omkhulu wokumamela ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko; nangona kunjalo eli nqanaba lingalungiswa ngokucacileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko.

Iinjineli zokuxuba zihlala zicebisa amanqanaba okuqhuba kwindawo ejikeleze -6 dB ngexesha lokuxutywa kwaye emva koko ukuzisa yonke into ukuya kuthi ga ku-0 dB xa ubalaselisa. Xa ufunda iCD, kudla ngokuba ngcono ukwenza impazamo kwicala lokulumkisa kwaye unganyusi amanqanaba adlulileyo - 1dB ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko. Kuxhomekeka kwindawo omamele kuyo—enoba libala langaphandle okanye iklabhu encinane—kusenokufuneka uhlengahlengise uluhlu lwedecibel ngokufanelekileyo.

Xa usebenza ngee-headphones, zama ukungagqithisi kumgangatho ophezulu wokuva okukhuselekileyo onokuthi ugqitywe ngokubonisana nezikhokelo okanye imigangatho yoshishino efana nezikhokelo zeCALM Act ezinciphisa amanqanaba okudlala kwi-85dB SPL okanye ngaphantsi -- oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ngaphezu kweeyure ze-8 ngokuqhubekayo usuku ngomthamo omkhulu phantsi kwale migangatho (ikhefu elicetyiswayo kufuneka lithathwe rhoqo ngeyure). Ukuba uzifumana ukwimeko apho ingxolo enkulu kunzima ukuyiphepha njengee-nightclub kunye neekonsathi, cinga ukusebenzisa ii-earplugs njengokhuseleko kumonakalo wexesha elide kwizandi eziphezulu kunye nezandi eziphezulu.

Ukuqaphela uluhlu oluhlukeneyo lwe-decibel kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba abaphulaphuli banamava amnandi kwaye akhuselekile ngaphandle kokunciphisa umculo kunye nobuchule - ukubakhokela ekulandeleni ukuya ekudlalweni kunye nokuqonda okuphuculweyo kwamanqanaba okulinganisa umxube we-audio kunye neendlebe zabo zombini kunye neenkcukacha zezixhobo engqondweni.

isiphelo

Ii<em>decibels zingumlinganiselo wesandi esinamandla, nto leyo ezenza zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemveliso yesandi. Ngokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kule nkqubo yokulinganisa, abavelisi abanako ukudala imixube yomsindo elungeleleneyo kuphela kodwa kunye nemikhwa emihle yokubeka iliso kwimpilo yexesha elide yeendlebe zabo. Kweli nqaku, sihlolisise iziseko zesikali se-decibel kunye nezinye zezicelo zayo eziphambili kwimveliso yesandi. Ngolu lwazi, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba umsindo wabo ulungelelaniswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iindlebe zabo zihlala zikhuselekile.

Isishwankathelo se-decibel kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwimveliso yesandi

I-Decibel (dB) yiyunithi yomlinganiselo wokuqina kwesandi, esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-amplitude yesandi sesandi. I-decibel ilinganisa umlinganiselo phakathi koxinzelelo lwesandi esinxulumene noxinzelelo lwereferensi esisigxina. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-acoustics kunye nemveliso ye-audio, njengoko iluncedo kumlinganiselo kunye nokulinganisa amanqanaba esandi kufuphi nakude kwiimakrofoni kunye nezinye izixhobo zokurekhoda.

Ii-decibels zisetyenziselwa ukuchaza umthamo wezandi ngenxa yokuba zine-logarithmic kune-linear; oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-decibel kubonisa ukunyuka okukhulu koxinzelelo lwesandi. Umahluko wee-decibel ezili-10 umele uqikelelo oluphindwe kabini kwisandi esikhulu, ngelixa ii-decibels ezingama-20 zibonisa ukonyuka kwamaxesha ali-10 kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ke ngoko, xa usebenza nemveliso yesandi, kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane nokuba inqanaba ngalinye kwisikali se-decibel limele ntoni.

Uninzi lwezixhobo ze-acoustic aziyi kudlula i-90 dB, kodwa izixhobo ezininzi ezandisiweyo ezifana neziginci zombane zinokudlula i-120 dB ngokuxhomekeke kwisethingi kunye nenqanaba lokukhulisa. Ukusebenzisa olu lwazi ukulungelelanisa amanqanaba esixhobo kunokunceda ukuphepha umonakalo wokuva ngenxa yokuvezwa ixesha elide kumanqanaba aphezulu e-decibel okanye nokuba nokuphazamiseka okunokubakho okubangelwa kukunqunyulwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu lomsindo ngexesha lokurekhoda okanye ukuxuba.

Iingcebiso zokusebenza ngamanqanaba e-decibel

Nokuba usebenza njengenjineli yesandi okanye kwisitudiyo sokurekhoda, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwamanqanaba e-decibel. Iidecibels zichaza umthamo kunye nobukhulu, ngoko kufuneka zilawulwe ngononophelo xa zixuba isandi. Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokukunceda ufumane okuninzi kumanqanaba akho e-decibel:

1. Xa urekhoda, gcina zonke izixhobo kwivolumu elinganayo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukungqubana kwaye uqiniseke ukuba iifestile azikhathali xa udlula phakathi kwamacandelo.

2. Nika ingqalelo kwisetingi zoxinzelelo kunye nemilinganiselo, njengoko ezi zinokuchaphazela umthamo opheleleyo kunye noluhlu oluguquguqukayo xa lubalasele.

3. Qaphela ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-dB anokubangela ukuphazamiseka okungathandekiyo (ukuqhawula) ukuba kuviwe kumxube kunye nezixhobo zokudlala ezifana nezithethi kunye nee-headphones. Ukunqanda esi siphumo singafunwayo, nciphisa inqanaba le-dB eliyincopho ukuya ku -6dB ngeenjongo zobuchule nosasazo.

4. I-mastering lithuba lakho lokugqibela lokwenza uhlengahlengiso phambi kokusasazwa - lisebenzise ngobulumko! Thatha nayiphi na inkathalo eyongezelelweyo kunye nokulungelelanisa i-EQ frequencies ukunceda ukudala ukudibanisa ngokulinganayo kungabikho ukungalingani kwe-spectral phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo / amazwi / iziphumo kumzila ngaphandle kokunciphisa imida ye-dB ephezulu (-6dB).

5. Gcina iliso apho uninzi lweaudio yakho iya kusetyenziselwa khona (umzekelo iYouTube vs vinyl record) ukuze ulungelelanise amanqanaba ngokufanelekileyo - ukwazi kakuhle kwiYouTube kudla ngokufuna inqanaba elisezantsi le-dB xa kuthelekiswa nokutyhala iaudio kwiirekhodi zeVinyl!

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.