Ukujongwa kwefilimu okanye "uKufota": Yintoni?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 28, 2022

Ukujongwa kwefilimu okanye "ukufota" ligama elidla ngokubhekisa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ividiyo enenkangeleko efana nefilim. Umbono emva "kokwenza ifilimu" kukuthatha isitayile semifanekiso kunye nomgangatho ofanayo nowawufumana kwi movie okanye umboniso kamabonakude, kodwa usakulungele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zedijithali okanye zemveli zemidiya.

Igama elithi "ukwenza ifilimu" liye lasasazeka kangangokuba linokuchaza nasiphi na isimbo esibonwayo esiziswa ziimuvi kunye nomabonwakude - nokuba kubamba ubuhle obufanayo bemuvi yakudala, okanye into elula njengokuphumelela kwemveli. umbala Iphalethi efunyenwe kwimiboniso kamabonakude.

Eli nqaku liza kubonelela ngamagqabantshintshi ngenkangeleko yefilimu, iingenelo zayo ngaphezulu kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuthatha imifanekiso, kunye nendlela ongayisebenzisa ngayo kwiiprojekthi zakho. Nazi izihloko ekuza kuxutyushwa ngazo:

1. Yintoni iFilimu yokuJonga?
2. Izinto eziluncedo zokuJonga iFilimu
3. Indlela yokufaka iNjongo yeFilimu

Yintoni iFilimu yokuJonga?

Ifilimu Jonga or Ukwenza ifilim bubuchule obusetyenziswa kwi-cinematography yedijithali ejolise ekuphindaphindeni inkangeleko kunye nokuziva kwifilimu yemveli esekwe kwi-cinematography. Iphunyezwa ngokufanisa imifanekiso yedijithali kwiimpawu zefilimu kunye nokudala "ifilimu" yevidiyo yedijithali. Le nkqubo inokuthatha ixesha elininzi, kodwa iwufanele umgudu wokudala imifanekiso emangalisayo, efana ne-cinematic. Makhe sijonge inkqubo yeFilimu Jonga ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi.

• Ukuthelekisa imifanekiso yedijithali kwiimpawu zefilimu
• Ukudala ividiyo yedijithali "eyenziwe ifilim".
• Ukuvelisa imifanekiso emangalisayo, efana ne-cinematic

Imvelaphi yokuJonga kweFilimu

Igama elithi "imbonakalo yefilimu" ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokwenza ividiyo eveliswe ngokwedijithali ifane nefilim. Oku kufezwa ngokudityaniswa kobuchule, ngakumbi ngokulawula kunye nokongeza ukukhanya kumboniso wevidiyo. Ezinye izinto ezifana nokulungiswa kombala, ukusetyenziswa kweelensi ezithile kunye iiengile zekhamera, ukulinganisa okuziinkozo kwefilimu kunye nezinye iziphumo emva kokuveliswa zisetyenziswa ngokunjalo.

Umbono wavela xa abenzi befilimu beqala ukuzama ukufota idijithali kwaye bezama ukuphindaphinda ukubonakala kwe-cinematic kwiikhamera ezincinci zedijithali. Injongo yayikukwenza oko abanye bakujonga njengomfanekiso wedijithali ongalungiswanga ujonge ngakumbi "umboniso bhanyabhanya" okanye "umboniso bhanyabhanya" ngokulinganisa ngokusondeleyo isitokhwe sefilimu, ubuchule bokukhanyisa, iilensi kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nefomathi yemifanekiso eshukumayo yemveli.

Ngokuguqula ngononophelo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwezinto ezahlukeneyo, abenzi befilimu bafuna ukuvelisa imifanekiso efana ngokusondeleyo naleyo ivela kwiikhamera zefilimu ngelixa besebenzisa isantya setekhnoloji yedijithali kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.

• Lawula kwaye wongeze ukukhanya kumboniso wevidiyo
• Ukulungiswa kombala
• Ukusetyenziswa kweelensi ezithile kunye iiengile zekhamera
• Ukulinganisa okuziinkozo kwefilimu
• Ezinye iziphumo emva kokuveliswa

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, izixhobo ezininzi zaphuhliswa ngokukodwa ukuphumeza olu hlobo okanye ukutshintsha imifanekiso yevidiyo ibe yinto eyenziwe ngomthi okanye “eyenziwe ifilimu.” Ezi zixhobo ngoku zilungiselelwe umabonwakude iinkqubo, iintengiso, iidokhumentari kunye nazo zonke iintlobo ezinye iiprojekthi zefilimu ezifuna umgangatho wobuhle obungafumanekiyo kubuchule bokuvelisa ividiyo. Nanamhlanje abanye abenzi befilimu basakhetha ukufota ngokwedijithali kodwa bafake izicelo ukuvelisa emva izihluzi ezenza ibonakale ngathi idutyulwe kwi celluloid endaweni yoko.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuJonga ifilimu

Inkangeleko yefilimu ligama elisetyenziswa ukuchaza isimbo sobuhle esisetyenziswa xa kufotwa ividiyo kunye neemuvi ezinika umfanekiso othile "khangela”. Eli gama livela kwinto yokuba kubonakala ngathi ifilimu idutshulwe kwifilimu. Ibonakaliswa ngu utyhileko, umbala, umahluko kwaye texture ezo zahlukile kwinto enokufunyanwa ukuba umfanekiso ofanayo ubudutyulwe ngekhamera yedijithali.

Inkangeleko yohlobo ngalunye lwefilimu lunokwahluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kwisitokhwe sefilimu esisetyenzisiweyo kunye nendlela eqhutywe ngayo. Ezinye zeentlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Imibala egcweleyo (njengakwifilimu zakuqala zeTechnicolor)
• Imibala eyohliweyo (njengakwiifilimu ezininzi zanamhlanje)
• Isitshixo esiphezulu Ukukhanyisa (apho yonke indawo okanye indawo eninzi ikhanya ngokuqaqambileyo)
• Isitshixo esiphantsi Ukukhanyisa (apho izithunzi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo)
• phezulu umahluko, apho kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokukhanya kunye neendawo ezimnyama zomfanekiso

Inkangeleko yefilim inokufikelela kubunzulu obungcono kwiishoti ezibanzi kunye neefoto ezisondele ngakumbi kunye nezibane eziqinisekisayo zangaphandle xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izithonga ezithathwe ngeekhamera zedijithali. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zenkangeleko yefilimu ziye zaphunyezwa ngayo kwiprojekthi yefilimu okanye yevidiyo, zinokongeza inyani okanye zidale umoya we-surreal ngokubanzi.

Indlela yokuPhumelela ukuJonga ifilimu

Ukubonakala kwefilimu, okanye "ukwenza ifilimu" njengoko kwaziwa, yindlela yokwenza i-cinematography enenjongo yokwenza imifanekiso yedijithali ibonakale ngakumbi njengefilimu yendabuko. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule, kwaye kuye kwanda ukuthandwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga indlela yokuphumeza a ukubonakala kwefilimu, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuyifezekisa.

• Qonda ukuba yintoni inkangeleko yefilimu kwaye kutheni isetyenziswa.
• Funda malunga neendlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwinkangeleko yefilimu.
• Fumana ezinye zezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwenza inkangeleko yefilimu.

Ukukhanyisa

Ukudala inkangeleko ye-cinematic yenyani kwifilimu yakho ayisiyonto incinci kwaye ifuna ingqwalasela ebukhali kwisikhokelo sobugcisa, i-cinematography, kunye nemveliso yasemva. Inyathelo ngalinye lenkqubo yokwenza ifilim linegalelo “kwinkangeleko” yefilimu, kodwa kunzima ukungakuhoyi ukubaluleka kokukhanyisa. Ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuchule bokukhanyisa kunye nokuqina kunganceda ukwenza iimbonakalo ezimangalisayo ezinika ababukeli 'imovie' bazive.

Ukukhanyisa kungasetyenziselwa ukuseka imo, ithoni, imvakalelo kunye nesenzo ngaphakathi kwendawo. Kubaluleke kakhulu xa uzabalazela inkangeleko yefilim eyahlukileyo engenisa imiboniso entywilayo kunye namaxesha anomtsalane. Ngelixa ukuphinda kuqulunqwe ubuchule obusetyenziswa kwiimuvi zemveli ze-35mm akubalulekanga kwabo banqwenela ukwenza iifilimu, ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezikhokelela kwiziphumo eziguqukayo kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kumaxabiso emveliso ngokubanzi ayo nayiphi na iprojekthi ezimeleyo.

Owona mba ubalulekileyo xa usenza 'imbonakalo yefilimu' kukwenza ulungelelwano. Nokuba usebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya yendalo okanye eyenziweyo, ukukhanya okulinganayo kuya kudala ukuthungwa okutyebileyo kubo bobabini abalinganiswa kunye noseto kwifilimu yakho.

• ukukhanya okungundoqo (umthombo onamandla)
• Gcwalisa ukukhanya (isibane esiluzizi sisetyenziselwa ukugcwalisa izithunzi)
• Ukukhanya kweRim (izinto ezibonisa ukukhanya ngasemva)

Iifilimu ezininzi zaseHollywood zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwecinematic ngezibane 'ezithathu', kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo ezinqwenelekayo ezifunwa yimiboniso ethile;

1. Ukukhanya okuthambileyo vs Ukukhanya Okulukhuni
2. UkuKhanya koSasazo vs ukuKhanya kwendalo njl.

Mininzi imiba yobugcisa edlala indima ebalulekileyo xa sizabalazela ukuba “nenkangeleko yomboniso bhanyabhanya” quintessential, kuquka izihluzi zekhamera/ilensi ezifana nezihluzo zokusasaza/ilensi yemicimbi njl.njl., ukwenza izigqibo ezinje ngomlinganiselo wokudubula njl. malunga nethiyori yokukhanyisa esisiseko iya kusebenza njengeebhloko zokwakha ekuphumezeni ukubaliswa kwamabali okubonwayo ngokugqibeleleyo!

Useto lwecamera

Enye yezinto eziphambili zokufezekisa inkangeleko yefilimu yeyakho useto lwekhamera. Xa kuziwa ekufumaneni ukubukeka kwe-cinematic, esinye sezona zigqibo zibalulekileyo omele uzenze yireyithi yesakhelo apho udubula khona. I umgangatho kushishino lwemifanekiso eshukumayo is 24 izakhelo ngesekhondi (fps), kwaye ukuba ujolise kwimbonakalo yefilimu yakudala, yiloo nto omele uye kuyo.

Xa uthwebula ividiyo yenkangeleko yefilim, abanye banokucebisa ukuba ukudutyulwa kwi-24fps kuya kukusondeza kwinkangeleko yefilim ngaphezu kokudubula nakweyiphi na enye ireyithi yesakhelo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abenzi befilimu banokukhetha ukuthwebula ngesantya esiphezulu esinje 30 okanye i-60 fps kuxhomekeke kubuchule babo bokufota. Ngokubanzi, yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufota kwesona sisombululo siphezulu unokuxhasa ikhamera yakho 24fps okanye 30fps ukuba yinto efanelekileyo.

Ukongeza ekutshintsheni iisetingi zakho ezisezantsi ze-fps, ukutshintsha isantya se-shutter yakho kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ufezekisa ifuthe lefilimu. Ukudala intshukumo kunye nentshukumo ye-blur-ezona zinto ziphambili kwi-cinematic shot-injongo yesantya se-shutter

• I-1 / 48th or I-1 / 50th okwesibini xa ukudubula kwi-24fps
• I-1 / 60th or I-1 / 125th xa udubula kwi-60 fps

Kwezinye iireyithi zesakhelo, sebenzisa esi sibali-manani: http://theproavguy.com/wp/?page_id=90

Le ndlela isetyenziswe ziingcali ukususela ekufikeni kweekhamera zedijithali kwaye ibonakaliswe ixesha elisebenzayo kwaye kwakhona. Dlala ngeenxa zonke ngezantya ezahlukeneyo zokuvala kunye namazinga efreyimu ukufumana oko kusebenza kakuhle kuwe!

Ukuhlela umbala

Ukuhlela umbala yinkqubo yokutshintsha kunye nokuphucula imibala yokudubula okanye indawo ethile. Ngokuhlelwa kombala, abenzi befilimu bayakwazi ukufezekisa inkangeleko efunwayo yefilimu yabo okanye benze imbonakalo efanelekileyo yokusabela kuyo nayiphi na intshukumo yesikrini ngokulawula umbala kunye nokukhanya kwisakhelo esinikiweyo.

Ukulungiswa kombala kunokubandakanya utshintsho oluncinci olufana nokudibanisa ibhalansi emhlophe kunye nokuvezwa, ngelixa ubuchule obuphezulu bunokusetyenziselwa ukwenza isiphumo esinesitayile, esifana nokusebenzisa i-toning eqhekekileyo ujike umfanekiso omnyama nomhlophe ube yinto eshushu okanye ebandayo, eyandisa umahluko ukuze yenza idrama engakumbi kwisakhelo. Iindlela ezigqithileyo ngakumbi zibandakanya ukutshintsha umbala wemibala yonke yendawo enokukhokelela kwimibala eqaqambileyo efumaneka kwiifilimu zenzululwazi, okanye izithunzi ezicinyiweyo ezifumaneka kwiifilimu ezoyikisayo.

Ukongeza ekudaleni inkangeleko ethile yendawo nganye ngaphakathi kwemuvi, ukuhlelwa kombala kukwabalulekile ekudaleni ukuqhubeka kuyo yonke imiboniso kunye nokuseka isitayile sokwenza ifilimu ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, ukuba ulandelelwano olunye lwenzeka ngaphakathi endlini ngokukhanya okufudumeleyo kwaye zonke ezinye zenzeke ngaphandle ngokukhanya okubandayo emva koko ukulungelelanisa izithonga ezininzi ngokuhlela kunokuzenza zibonakale ngathi zenzeke phantsi kweemeko zokukhanya ezifanayo. Oku kunceda yonke imizobo idityaniswe ngcono nokuba zeziphi iimeko ezifotwe phantsi kwazo.

isiphelo

Ukuququmbela, ukwenza ifilim ividiyo inokuyinika “umboniso bhanya-bhanya” ukuva okufumaneka kwiifilim eziphambili. Nokuba ufuna ukwenza inkangeleko yobugcisa okanye ulinganise isitayile sebhanyabhanya sakudala, imbonakalo yefilimu okanye "ukwenza ifilimu" yindlela efanelekileyo yokufezekisa umphumo oyifunayo.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo alula adweliswe ngezantsi, unokunika eyona mifanekiso ingaqhelekanga ifotweyo amava, inkangeleko ekhazimlisiweyo.

• inyathelo 1
• inyathelo 2
• inyathelo 3

Musa ukoyikiswa yijargon - emva kwayo yonke loo nto, wonke umntu unokufikelela kubuchwephesha obunokubanceda ukuba bavelise ividiyo ejongeka njengengcali kungekudala!

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.