Isakhelo: Yintoni kwaye kutheni ibalulekile?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 28, 2022

Xa ubukele umboniso bhanyabhanya okanye umboniso kamabonwakude, okanye udlala umdlalo wevidiyo, isixa seefreyimu eziboniswa ngesekondi nganye simisela indlela ogudileyo ngayo oopopayi. Eli nani lezakhelo ngesekhondi laziwa njenge umgangatho wefreyimu, okanye FPS. Ibalulekile kuba inokuchaphazela kakhulu amava akho okubukela. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ntoni umgangatho wefreyimu kukuba kwaye kutheni kubalulekile kwimveliso yemidiya, ukuzonwabisa, imidlalo, kunye nezinye izicelo.

Isakhelo silinganiswa nge izakhelo ngesekhondi (FPS). I-fps ephezulu idla ngokuthetha upopayi olutyibilikayo njengoko kusenzeka utshintsho oluninzi kwisekondi nganye. I-Framerate yinto ebalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekubukeni iimuvi, ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo kunye nayo nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi ebandakanya ukuhamba kwesikrini. Xa ubukele imiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nemiboniso yeTV, umgangatho oqhelekileyo wefreyimu nokuba 24FPS okanye 30FPS; imidlalo kunye nezinye izicelo ezifuna umsebenzi wesantya esiphezulu, iifreyimu eziphezulu ezifana 60FPS ingakhethwa.

Iifreyimu eziphezulu zifuna amandla okusebenza amaninzi anokunyusa amaxesha omthwalo wenkqubo ngokunjalo nokukunika imbonakalo ephezulu; Amazinga asezantsi esakhelo anokugcina izixhobo zehardware kwii-GPU kunye nee-CPU ukuze zisetyenziswe kwimisebenzi yerhafu engaphezulu njengezibalo ze-AI okanye ukulinganisa kwefiziksi.

Yintoni isakhelo?

Umgangatho wefreyimu ngumlinganiselo wokuba zingaphi na izakhelo ezibonisiweyo ngesekhondi nganye kulandelelwano lwe-animated okanye lwevidiyo. Le yimetric ebalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekudaleni i intshukumo egudileyo koopopayi okanye ividiyo. Ngokubanzi, okukhona i-framerate iphezulu, kokukhona intshukumo igudileyo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kudlula kwiziseko zeframerate kwaye sixoxe ukuba kutheni kubalulekile.

Iintlobo zezakhelo

Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeefreyimu kunye nokuba kuthetha ukuthini kumava akho okubukela kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo zefreyimu ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kwaye nganye ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo xa kufikwa kumxholo wakho. Ngokubanzi, okukhona i-framerate iphezulu, kokukhona umfanekiso uya kubonakala kwiscreen sakho.

Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zefreyimu zezi zilandelayo:

• 24 izakhelo ngesekhondi (FPS) -Lo ngumlinganiselo oqhelekileyo weefilimu ezininzi kwaye usetyenziswe ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala zokuveliswa kwefilimu. Inika intshukumo engaqhwayiyo kodwa iswele ngokweenkcukacha ngenxa yesantya sayo esisezantsi.
• 30 izakhelo ngesekhondi (FPS) -Oku kusetyenziswa rhoqo kwimiboniso kamabonakude kunye neevidiyo zewebhu njengoko ibonelela ngentshukumo egudileyo ngelixa igcina amanqanaba eenkcukacha ezilungileyo. Ikwalukhetho oludumileyo kwimidlalo yevidiyo apho uhlala ungadingi ngaphezulu kwe-30 FPS kumdlalo ogudileyo.
• 60 izakhelo ngesekhondi (FPS) -Ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini kwireyithi yefreyimu xa kuthelekiswa ne-24 FPS okanye i-30 FPS, oku ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ulandelelwano lwezenzo ezikhawulezayo njengoko kubonelela ngenkangeleko egudileyo ngokumangalisayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okanye i-jitters. Ikwalungile kwintshukumo ekhawulezayo njengoko izinto ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu levidiyo ezicothayo ziya kuchazwa kakuhle kwaye kulula ukuzilandela ngaphandle kwemiba emfiliba.
• 120 izakhelo ngesekhondi (FPS) -Oku kusetyenziswa kuphela xa isantya sokudlala siyimfuneko njengokudubula okucothayo okanye iziphumo ezikhethekileyo zemifanekiso. Kuluncedo kakhulu ekudaleni iimbonakalo ezimangalisayo ezibonelela ngenyani eyongeziweyo kunye namava okubukela okuntywilayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okanye ukufiphala ngexesha lokudlala nakweliphi inqanaba lesantya.

Iinzuzo zezakhelo eziPhakamileyo

Isantya esiphezulu kunokuba yingenelo ngeendlela ezininzi. Kubabukeli, inokuphucula ubunyani kunye nokuguda kopopayi, iyenze kube lula ukujonga izinto ezihamba ngokukhawuleza okanye iintshukumo. Ikwanceda ukunciphisa ukufiphala kwentshukumo kunye nokubonelela imbonakalo ebukhali kwimiboniso yezenzo okanye ngelixa udlala imidlalo yevidiyo.

Izakhelo eziphezulu zivumela izakhelo ezininzi ngomzuzwana (FPS) okuthetha ukuba intshukumo yesakhelo ngasinye esivela kwikhusi sigudileyo kwaye ukusikwa okugudileyo phakathi kwezakhelo kwenziwa kwenzeke. Oku kunciphisa okanye kuphelisa i-choppiness edla ngokubonwa kwiintshukumo ezincinci. I-framerate ephezulu ikwanceda ukuba imifanekiso ibonakale icace ngakumbi ngokuhlawula ukufiphala kwentshukumo kunye nesiporho (ubumfiliba okubangelwa lixesha elide lokuba sesichengeni).

Kubenzi befilimu, iifreyimu eziphezulu zinokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezinje ukwanda kobunzulu bebala, ivumela imifanekiso ecacileyo engaphezulu ukuba ibonwe kude kakhulu ikhamera. Le nkcukacha yandisiweyo ivumela inkululeko enkulu yokuyila xa kusenziwa imifanekiso. Amazinga aphezulu esakhelo nawo anokunciphisa imiba yokubonakala eyenzeka ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yamanqanaba asezantsi okukhanya ukusuka kwizantya ezicothayo zesivalo esisetyenziswayo ukubamba intshukumo kumazinga asezantsi esakhelo.

Lilonke, ukuba nenketho yokudubula kwiifreyimu zamanani aphezulu kunika abenzi beefilimu ulawulo olukhulu malunga nendlela ividiyo yabo eya kujongeka ngayo xa ijongwe ngexesha lokwenyani kwaye ke kuluncedo kuluhlu lwezicelo ngoku kunye nokuya phambili kwiimeko zemveliso zexesha elizayo.

I-Framerate iwuchaphazela njani uMgangatho weVidiyo?

Umgangatho wefreyimu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kumgangatho jikelele weevidiyo. Imisela inani lezakhelo eziboniswe ngomzuzwana. Iifreyimu eziphezulu zikhokelela kwividiyo egudileyo, efana nobomi. I-framerate esezantsi iya kwenza ukuba ividiyo ibonakale igudiwe kwaye ingagudi kangako.

Kweli candelo, siza kujonga ukuba ifreyimu iwuchaphazela njani umgangatho wevidiyo:

Isakhelo kunye neMotion Blur

Ubume besakhelo sevidiyo bulinganiswa nge izakhelo ngomzuzwana (fps). Ichaphazela ukufiphala kwentshukumo ebonwayo kunye nokuguda ngokubanzi kwevidiyo. Okukhona uphezulu umyinge wefreyimu, kokukhona ufumana izakhelo ezininzi kwisekondi nganye, nto leyo ethetha umboniso osulungekileyo nochanekileyo wentshukumo.

Ukufiphala kweMotion sisiganeko esenzeka xa into okanye umntu eshukuma ngokukhawuleza, edala ukufiphala okanye ukulandelelana kweziphumo kwiscreen. Ngelishwa, oku akubonakali kukuhle kwaye kwenza iividiyo zakho zibonakale zikumgangatho ophantsi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela izinto ezihamba ngayo ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yakho, kuya kufuneka uhlengahlengise ifreyimu yakho ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukufiphala kwentshukumo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

• Kuba izicelo ezininzi ezifana ividiyo yemihla ngemihla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwewebhu, 30 fps inikeza okuninzi kwezakhelo ngesekhondi ngelixa ugcina ubungakanani befayile obufanelekileyo.
• Ukwandisa isakhelo sakho ukuya 60 fps izakuba nesiphumo sokungafihli kwentshukumo ephuculweyo kodwa neefayile ezinkulu neesayizi ngenxa yokuphindwa kabini kwezakhelo.
• Kwimiboniso ehamba kancinci okanye iimeko apho ukuchaneka kubalulekile njenge ezemidlalo kunye nosasazo lwemidlalo, abanye abathwebuli bevidiyo bakhetha iifreyimu eziphezulu eziphezulu ukuya kuthi ga 240 fps kwiishoti ezishukumayo ezicothayo ngendlela emangalisayo – nangona oku kufanele ukuba kusetyenziswe kuphela ukuba kuyimfuneko kuba inyusa kakhulu ubungakanani befayile ngaphandle kokubonelela ngophuculo olwaneleyo losetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla.

Isakhelo kunye neMotion Artifacts

Umgangatho wefreyimu kwaye izinto ezishukumayo ngamabinzana amabini aphambili ekufuneka uwaqondwe xa kuqwalaselwa umgangatho wevidiyo. Izinto ezishukumayo jonga kwimpazamo eyenzekayo xa umyinge wesakhelo sevidiyo usezantsi kunesidingo sokubonisa iintshukumo ezithile, ngakumbi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwezemidlalo kunye nemisebenzi efana nekarati. Xa intshukumo ikhawuleza kakhulu kwiframerate, inokubangela umgwebi okanye lag emfanekisweni eyenza kube nzima okanye kungenzeki ukujonga ngokufanelekileyo isenzo, ekhokelela kumfanekiso ogqwethekileyo okanye ongaphelelanga.

Ukongeza ekubangeleni ukugqwetheka kwegraphical, iifreyimu ezisezantsi zinokuchaphazela eminye imiba yomgangatho wevidiyo ngokunciphisa ubukhali, umahluko kunye nokuqaqamba. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-lowframerate ithetha ukuba ezinye izakhelo ziyafuneka ukubonisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo oshukumayo-ngaloo ndlela iyancipha umgangatho wokubonwayo wesakhelo ngasinye. Ngomxholo wokusasaza ophilayo ojongwe kwiimonitha zekhompyuter kunye nee-smartphones, iifreyimu kufuneka zibekwe kancinci 30 fps (izakhelo ngesekhondi) kwiinkcukacha zentshukumo ezamkelekileyo ezinezikrini ezinkulu ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiiTV ezivumela kufutshane 60 fps kumboniso wentshukumo ogudileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba abathengisi kunye nabasasazi ngokufanayo baqonde indlela izinto ezishukumayo ezisebenza ngayo ngokubhekisele kwividiyo yokusasaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iividiyo zisasazwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze zinganciphisi ukwaneliseka kwababukeli. Ukusebenzisa iireyithi eziphezulu zesakhelo kuvumela ababukeli ukuba bonwabele umxholo ophilayo ngaphandle kokukhohlisa okanye ukugqwethwa kwemifanekiso ngelixa unciphisa iingxaki zokuphazamiseka ezinxulumene noseto olusezantsi lwefps. Ngokuqonda ukuba ifreyimu iwuchaphazela njani umgangatho wevidiyo, unokuqinisekisa ukuba iividiyo zakho zifikelela kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo ngendlela eyonwabisayo nengenamsebenzi.

Uziphucula njani iifreyimu

Umgangatho wefreyimu yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuziwa kumdlalo, ukuhlela ividiyo, kunye nokusasaza. Ukuphakama kwesakhelo, kokukhona amava aya kuba ngababukeli. Ukuphucula i-framerate kunokukunceda ukuba ufumane ukusebenza kakuhle kwi-hardware yakho.

Kweli candelo, siza kuxoxa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo nyusa umlinganiselo wakho womdlalo ongcono kunye nostrimisho:

Lungisa Useto lweKhamera

Ukulungelelanisa useto lwekhamera yakho kunokuphucula kakhulu ifreyimu yakho, ikuvumela ukuba ubambe ividiyo egudileyo. Oku kunokusukela ekuvuleni imowudi enesantya esiphezulu njenge 30 izakhelo ngesekhondi (fps) ukulungelelanisa useto lokuvezwa njenge indawo yokuvula kunye nesantya sokuvala.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ucime naluphi na uzinzo lomfanekiso okanye iimpawu zoluhlu oluguqukayo enalo ikhamera yakho ukuze wandise ifreyimu. Ukongeza, qwalasela ukudubula RAW ukuba kuyenzeka, evumela umgangatho ophezulu wokurekhoda kunye nokuhlelwa kunefomathi zeJPEG zendabuko.

Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukunika amandla zonke iziphumo zokufiphala kwentshukumo ekhoyo ukuba ziyafumaneka ukuze kuncitshiswe ubugcisa obushukumayo kunye nokudala umboniso ogudileyo jikelele:

• Yenza zonke iintshukumo ezifumanekayo zomfiliba.

Sebenzisa iiCodecs zeVidiyo zoMgangatho oPhezulu

Ukuze ufezekise i-framerate engcono kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ividiyo esemgangathweni ophezulu codec njenge H.264, HEVC, VP9 okanye AV1. Ezi codecs ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngexabiso elikhulu lomfanekiso kunye neenkcukacha zomsindo ngelixa zigcina isantya esisezantsi. Oku kuvumela ividiyo yokutya ukuba isebenze ngakumbi xa usebenzisa i-bandwidth kunye nezixhobo kwi-PC yakho kwaye inokunceda ukwandisa ukusebenza kakhulu xa usasaza okanye urekhoda.

Nangona oku kunokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwedatha eninzi, lixabiso elincinci lokuhlawula ukusebenza okuphuculweyo kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso ongcono. Ukongeza, ukusebenzisa ii-codecs ezikumgangatho ophezulu nako nciphisa ubungakanani beefayile njengoko bekwazi ukucinezela imidiya ngokufanelekileyo kunefomati ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezifana MPEG-2 okanye DivX.

Nciphisa iSigqibo seVidiyo

Xa ujonge ukuphucula isakhelo sakho, enye yezinto zokuqala ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ukunciphisa ukulungiswa kwevidiyo yakho. Okusezantsi kwesisombululo, iipixels ezimbalwa kufuneka ziphathwe yi-GPU yakho kunye ne-CPU, ngoko ke ivumela inani elikhulu lezakhelo ngesekhondi. Ukuthoba isisombululo kunokuphucula kakhulu iifreyimu kwimidlalo okoko nje kusenziwa ngaphakathi kwesizathu. Ukulahla kude kakhulu kunokubangela amava angadlalekiyo okanye ukungabikho kweenkcukacha kwihlabathi lomdlalo.

Olunye uncedo lokunciphisa isisombululo sevidiyo kukukhulula izixhobo zenkqubo yeminye imisebenzi enxulumene nemidlalo efana nokuqhuba ezinye iinkqubo ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokunciphisa i-lag iyonke kwaye kwandise ukusebenza kuzo zonke izicelo ezininzi kwinkqubo yakho.

Kumaqonga eePC, izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zidla ngokufezekiswa kwiimenyu zoseto lomdlalo okanye kusetyenziswa isoftware yokubonisa umqhubi (umzekelo, iRadeon software ye-AMD). Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ifuna kangakanani na imidlalo yakho, nokuseta inyathelo elinye ezantsi kwizigqibo “zemveli” kunokwenza umahluko (oko kukuthi, ukuba isisombululo sakho singu-1920×1080, zama 800×600). Kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukuguqula amanqanaba anti-aliasing nalapha; ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwemizobo kufuneka kufikelelwe xa kuncitshiswa isisombululo kunye nokwehliswa kwamanqanaba achasene nokwahlulwa ngokulinganayo kunye ngokuxhomekeke kubuchule behardware.

isiphelo

Ukuququmbela, umgangatho wefreyimu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimveliso yevidiyo. Ichaphazela indlela imifanekiso eboniswa ngayo kubabukeli kwaye yinto ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni umgangatho wokubukela weendaba. Uninzi lweefilimu zidutyulwa Iifayile ze-24 ngesibini, ngoxa iinkqubo zikamabonwakude zidla ngokufotwa Iifayile ze-30 ngesibini – nangona oku kusanda kwandiswa ukuya 60 koomabonakude bale mihla. Ngenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe, iifreyimu eziphezulu ezifana ne 120 FPS okanye nokuba 240 FPS inokungqineka iluncedo kubabukeli abanomtsalane.

Xa ukhetha ikhamera efanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zeprojekthi yakho, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ifreyimu efunwayo kuba inesixhobo esinjalo. impembelelo enkulu kumgangatho womfanekiso.

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.