Iijibs zekhamera: yintoni?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Julayi 10, 2022

Ngaba ufuna ukwenza ifilimu nzima ukufikelela kwiindawo okanye isitofu esithile ngokuswayipha okugudileyo kwelensi? Ngena….i ikhamera jib.

Ijib yekhamera sisixhobo esifana ne-crane esisetyenziselwa ukwenza ifilimu kunye nevidiyo ukufezekisa iintshukumo ezigudileyo zekhamera. Ikwaziwa njengekhreyini yekhamera, i-boom yekhamera, okanye ingalo yekhamera. Isixhobo sifakwe kwisiseko esinokuhamba macala onke, sivumela ikhamera ukuba ihambe ngesakhelo.

I-jib ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ifilimu kwiindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo, okanye ukwenza iintshukumo zekhamera eziguqukayo nezinomdla. Esi sikhokelo siya kugubungela ukuba yintoni i-jib, isebenza njani, kwaye nini ukusebenzisa enye kwifilimu yakho kunye nevidiyo.

Ukuqonda iiJibs: Ziyintoni kwaye zisebenza njani?

Yintoni iJib?

I-jib sisixhobo esikhethekileyo esinceda abaqhubi beekhamera ukuba babambe izithonga ezinokuthi zingenzeki okanye kube nzima kakhulu ukwenza. Kufana nesarha yokubona, enekhamera exhonywe kwelinye icala kunye ne-counterweight kwelinye. Oku kuvumela umqhubi wekhamera ukuba aphakamise kakuhle kwaye ahlise ikhamera ngelixa egcina ukudubula.

Yintoni iCrane Shot?

I-crane shot luhlobo lokudubula odla ngokulubona kwiimuvi. Kuxa ikhamera iphakanyiselwe phezulu kwaye ikude nesihloko, inika ukutshayela, ukuvakalelwa kwe-cinematic kwi-shot. Yindlela entle yokongeza idrama kunye noxinzelelo kumdlalo.

Uyenza njani i-DIY Jib

Ukwenza i-jib yakho akunzima njengoko unokucinga. Konke okudingayo kuku:

• Itripodi eyomeleleyo
• Ipali ende
• Ikhamera yekhamera
• A counterweight

Nje ukuba unazo zonke iziqwenga, ungahlanganisa ijib kwaye uqale ukudubula! Qiniseka nje ukuba une-spotter kunye nawe ukukunceda ugcine ukudubula ngokuthe cwaka.

Yintoni iDibano ngeJibs?

Ukulawula iiJibs

Iijibs zinokulawulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa eyona ixhaphakileyo inokuba ngesandla okanye ngokulawulwa kude. Ukuba usebenzisa i-jib eneenjini zombane, ungayilawula ukude. Uninzi lweejibs ziza kunye nenkqubo yokulawula kude, ngoko akufuneki ujonge kwi-viewfinder yekhamera. Ukongeza, unokuhlengahlengisa ugxininiso lwekhamera, ukusondeza, kunye neminye imisebenzi ngelixa isemoyeni.

Iintloko ezikude

I-jibs enkulu, i-fancier idla ngokuza neentloko ezikude. Ezi zixhasa ikhamera kwaye zikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise i-pan, i-tilt, ingqwalasela, kunye neseto sokusondeza.

Imiba yoLwazi

Xa kuziwa kwiijibs, ubungakanani bubalulekile. Unokufumana iijibs ezincinci zeekhamera eziphathwayo, ezilungele imveliso encinci. Kodwa kwanabancinci banokwenza izinto ezifanayo nezinkulu.

Ukusebenza kweJib

Ngokuxhomekeke kulungiselelo, unokufuna umntu omnye okanye ababini ukuba basebenzise ijib. Umntu omnye usebenzisa ingalo/i-boom, aze omnye umntu asebenzise i-pan/tilt/zoom yentloko ekude.

IiShots zeCrane kwiimuvi

ILa La Land (2017)

Ah, La La Land. Umboniso bhanyabhanya osenze ukuba sonke sifune ukufunda indlela yokucofa umdaniso kunye nokuqhuba ujikeleza ngemthubi eguqukayo. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ukuba indawo yokuvula yadutshulwa ngejib yekhamera? Yayingumceli mngeni wokwenene kwiiteknoloji zekhamera ukujikeleza iimoto ezimileyo kunye nabadanisi, ngakumbi kuba uhola wendlela wawuthe tye. Kodwa konke kwakufanelekile ekugqibeleni-umboniso wabeka ithoni efanelekileyo kuyo yonke imuvi kwaye wasazisa eLos Angeles.

Kanye ngeXesha eHollywood (2019)

U-Quentin Tarantino akaqhelekanga ekusebenziseni i-jibs ye-panoramic kunye ne-tracking shots. Kwakanye ngeXesha eHollywood, wazisebenzisa ukongeza umoya kunye nomxholo kwindawo 'yendlu kaRick'. Ekupheleni kwendawo, ikhamera enkulu yejib iphuma kancinci iphuma phezulu kwikhaya laseHollywood ukuveza iindlela zasebusuku ezolileyo zaselumelwaneni. Yayiludweliso oluhle olwasenza sonke safuna ukuthatha uhambo oluya eHollywood.

Ukuqonda iJibs yeKhamera yeMveliso ebonakalayo

Ziziphi iiJibs zeKhamera?

Iijibs zekhamera ziingceba zezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yefilimu kunye nomabonakude ukwenza iintshukumo ezigudileyo, ezitshayelayo zekhamera. Ziquka ingalo ende enokuthi ihanjiswe phezulu naphantsi, kwaye icala ukuya kwelinye, livumela ikhamera ukuba ihambe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.

Kutheni iiJibs zeKhamera zibalulekile kwiMveliso ebonakalayo?

Xa kuziwa kwimveliso ebonakalayo, i-jib oyikhethayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba nayiphi na intshukumo ebingalindelekanga (okt nayiphi na intshukumo engafakwanga khowudi okanye engalandelelwanga) ebangelwa yijib inokubangela imifanekiso ebonakalayo 'ukudada' kwaye yaphule inkohliso. Ukuchasana nale nto, i-jibs ye-VP kufuneka ibe nzima, iqine, kwaye iqine ngakumbi.

Zeziphi ezona Jibs zeKhamera ezilungileyo kakhulu kwiMveliso ebonakalayo?

Iijibs zekhamera ezilungileyo kakhulu kwimveliso ebonakalayo zezo zinee-axes ezifakwe kwikhowudi, okanye zinenkqubo yokulandelela eqhotyoshelwe kuzo. Oku kuyafuneka ukuze kuthathwe idatha yentshukumo yekhamera ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezibonakalayo zokudubula zingenziwa zihambe ngendlela efanayo nekhamera yokwenyani.

Ezimbini zeejibs zekhamera ezidumileyo kwimveliso ebonakalayo yi-Mo-Sys's e-Crane kunye neRobojib. Zaziyilwe ngokukodwa kunye neemfuno zemveliso ebonakalayo, inyaniso eyandisiweyo (XR), kunye nenyaniso eyongeziweyo (AR) engqondweni.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeJib Shots

Ukuseka iiShots

Xa ufuna ukuseta indawo, akukho nto iyenza ngcono kune-jib shot! Nokuba ujonge ukubonisa ubuhle bendawo okanye ukuphanziswa kwayo, i-jib shot inokukunceda ukuba uyenze.

• Kwi-"Blade Runner 2049", i-jib shot pans ejikeleze amabhodlo aseLas Vegas, ebonisa ukungaphili kwendawo.
• Kwimiculo, i-jib shots ingasetyenziselwa ukudala i-build-up njengoko idlula kwizifundo, ikhokelela ekupheleni kwemozulu yendawo.

Iimbumbulu zentshukumo

Xa ufuna ukubamba intshukumo eninzi kwisenzo esinye, i-jib shot yindlela yokuhamba!

• Kwi-“Avengers”, ijib yadubula isangqa ejikeleza onke amaqhawe njengoko ehlanganisene kumlo wokugqibela wefilimu.
• Iintengiso zeemoto zihlala zisebenzisa i-jib shots ukubonisa imveliso njengoko isetyenziswa.

Bonisa Isihlwele

Xa ufuna ukubonisa isihlwele esikhulu, i-jib shot yeyona nto ibhetele yokubheja kwakho.

• Kwi "Ukuthula kweeMvana", i-jib shot ibonisa uHannibal Lecter enyamalala kwisitrato esinabantu abaninzi.
• Kwiintengiso zemveliso, i-jib shots ingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa imveliso njengoko isetyenziswa.

Ukwazi iiCranes zeKhamera

Yintoni iCrane yeKhamera?

Ukuba ukhe wabukela umboniso bhanyabhanya kwaye wazibuza ukuba bayifumana njani loo shot emangalisayo yeqhawe lihamba lisuka kwikhamera ngelixa ikhamera icotha ipani, ke ubonile i-crane yekhamera isebenza. I-crane yekhamera, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-jib okanye i-boom, sisixhobo esivumela ukuba ikhamera ihambe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-engile. Iqukethe i-counterweight, izixhobo zokulawula kunye nokubeka iliso, kunye nekhamera kwelinye icala.

Iintlobo zeeCranes zeKhamera

Xa kuziwa kwiikhreyini zekhamera, kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo onokuthi ukhethe kuzo:

• Isenzo esiLula iiJibs ezixande: Ezi cranes zisebenzisa imivalo emibini ehambelanayo kodwa ephivotable. Njengoko i-crane ihamba, ikhamera ingahlala ijonge kwisifundo. I-Varizoom, iFootage, iProAm, kwaye yeza yenza ezi ntlobo zeekhreyini. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe nge-aluminiyam okanye i-carbon fiber kwaye azibizi kakhulu.

• IiCranes zeNtloko ezikude: Ezi cranes zifuna i-pan ekude kunye nentloko ye-tilt ukubonelela ngemisebenzi yokuhamba kwekhamera. Zidla ngokuba ngumsebenzi onzima kwaye zibiza kakhulu kunezinye iindidi zeekhreyini. I-Jimmy jibs, i-Eurocranes, kunye ne-Porta-Jibs yimizekelo yezi cranes.

• IiCranes eziNcedisa iiCable: Ezi cranes zisebenzisa intloko elulwelo ukuthomalalisa ukuthambeka kunye ne-pan ye-crane. IVaravon, iHauge, kunye neCobraCrane yimizekelo yezi cranes. Zidla ngokuba zezona ndleko zisebenzayo ukuzithenga kwaye zingabizi kakhulu ukuzisebenza.

isiphelo

Ukuba ujonge ukuthatha umdlalo wakho we-cinematography ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ijib yekhamera lukhetho olukhulu. Ayikuboneleli nje ngendlela eyodwa yokufota, kodwa ikwakunika isakhono sokususa ikhamera ngeendlela ebekungenakwenzeka ukuba uzenze. Ukongeza, kuyonwabisa kakhulu! Ngoko, kutheni ungakujongi? Ngapha koko, abayibizi “Jibs of Life” ngelize!

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.