Ukukhanya okanye ukukhanyisa: Sebenzisa ngabom ukukhanya kwiShot egqibeleleyo

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 30, 2022

Ukukhanyisa yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokufota njengoko kunokukwenza okanye ukwaphule ukudubula kwakho. Ukukhanyisa sisixhobo esinokukunceda ukulawula isimo sengqondo sefoto, kunye nokugqamisa iinkcukacha ezithile.

Xa isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, inokwenza iifoto ezimangalisayo kunye nengxelo enamandla.

Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ezinye zezinto ezisisiseko zokukhanyisa, kwaye kutheni kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngamabomu ukuze ubambe ukudubula okugqibeleleyo.

Kutheni Ukukhanyisa kubalulekile

Ukukhanya yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokufota, ngakumbi ukubamba umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo. Ukukhanya kubeka isimo sengqondo somfanekiso, nokuba uqaqambile kwaye uyonwabile okanye umnyama kwaye uyamangalisa. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izithunzi, igxininise iimpawu zesifundo, okanye inike umahluko ocacileyo. Ukukhanyisa kwakhona kunamandla okulawula ibhalansi yombala weefoto kunye nobukhali. Ngaphandle kwayo, awuyi kuba neenkcukacha ezaneleyo kukudubula kwakho okanye ukhuphe amanqaku ayo angcono.

Nokuba udubula ngokukhanya kwendalo ukusuka elangeni okanye ukukhanya okungeyonyani okuvela kwisibane okanye kwistrobe, ukukhanya kokuqonda kuya kuthatha izakhono zakho zokufota ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha. Imalunga nokulinganisa ubunzulu kunye nomkhombandlela wokudala iziphumo ezahlukeneyo eziphucula uhlobo ngalunye lwefoto ngokwenjongo yalo.

Ukukhanya kwendalo: Ukukhanya kwendalo kuthetha naluphi na uhlobo lokukhanya oluvela kumthombo osele ukhona - njengokukhanya kwelanga ngaphandle okanye ukukhanya okukufutshane iza ngefestile ngaphakathi endlini - ngokuchaseneyo nokukhanya okwenziwe ngenjongo (okwenziwayo) ngaphakathi / ngaphandle kokusetha. Ukukhanya kwendalo kulungele ukuthatha izithonga zangaphandle kodwa kunenkohliso ukuyiqhuba kuba itshintsha ngokwexesha lemini kunye neemeko zemozulu; akukho kucima izibane zendalo xa ungekabinasithunzi ngokwaneleyo okanye ukuqaqamba kwimodeli yakho!

Izibane ezenziweyo: Izibane zokwenziwa ziqhekeka zibe ziindidi ezimbini - izibane eziqhubekayo (ezihlala zivutha rhoqo) kunye ne-strobes (ebonelela ngokugqabhuka kokukhanya okukhulu). Izibane eziqhubekayo zibonelela ngokuguquguquka njengoko zingadingi ukuseta izithonga ezininzi njenge-strobes; kodwa abanamandla kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-strobes kwaye bahlala bengathembekanga kakhulu malunga nokubamba intshukumo yexesha lokwenyani ngokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokuba ne-blurriness eninzi ichaphazela umgangatho-ubulumko besiphumo.

Iintlobo zokuKhanya

Ukukhanyisa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na ifoto okanye ukudubula kwevidiyo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa zingasetyenziselwa ukudala iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumfanekiso wokugqibela. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokukhanyisa ezinokusetyenziswa, ezifana nezendalo, istudiyo, kunye nezibane ezenziweyo. Nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nokungalunganga, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa kunye nendlela ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo ukwenza umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo.

Izibane zendalo

Ukukhanya kwendalo kukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okwendalo ukukhanyisa indawo okanye isifundo. Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekudaleni ifoto ebukekayo kwaye isebenza kakuhle ngakumbi kwiifoto zendalo, umfanekiso kunye nokufota ngobume bendawo. Ukukhanya kwelanga ngowona mthombo uqhelekileyo wokukhanya kwendalo okukhoyo, kodwa abafoti abaninzi basebenzisa ukukhanya kwenyanga, ukukhanya kwelanga okanye ikhandlela ukubamba iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhanya kwendalo kufuna ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha kunye ne-finesse eza kunye nokuziqhelanisa njengoko inokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lemini kunye nonyaka.

Umthunzi okanye izithunzi ezenziwe ngokukhanya kwendalo zingongeza ukuthungwa, umoya kunye nedrama kumfanekiso wakho. Vula iifestile, izibane zegumbi kunye nezibuko zonke zizixhobo eziluncedo zokwandisa ukukhanya kwendalo kuzo zombini iisetingi zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukukhanya kwendalo kukhululekile, kunamandla kwaye kumnandi; nangona kunjalo, isenokungaqikeleleki xa idubula ngaphandle ngenxa yokutshintsha kweemeko zemozulu njengamafu adlula elangeni, umoya ovuthuzayo ngequbuliso obangela ukuba imithi ishukume okanye izandyondyo zemvula ezisitha iimbono. Kubalulekile ukuba nomonde kuMama weNdalo!

Ukushwankathela, akukho nto inokuthatha indawo yobuhle obunokuziswa kukukhanya kwendalo kuphela kwifoto. Ngalo lonke ixesha uza uzilungiselele ngomonde obuninzi kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki uya kuvuzwa ngeefoto ezimangalisayo kwimizamo yakho! Into ephambili apha kukulinga-ungavele ubeke ikhamera yakho kwindawo enye unikwe uhlobo olufanayo lokukhanyisa kuba awuzukufumana kudubula ngokufanelekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha- luhambo olulungileyo ukujikeleza umxholo / indawo yakho de ufumane. eyona nto intle!

Izibane ezingezizo

Ukukhanyisa okwenziweyo kulungele ukongeza ubunzulu, ukugcwalisa izithunzi ezingafunekiyo, kunye nombala wendawo. Ingaba usebenzisa ukukhanya kwendalo okanye okwenziwayo, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha. Imithombo eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya okungeyonyani efana ne-tungsten, i-fluorescent ecimayo kunye ne-HMI inokudala uluhlu lombala webhalansi kumfanekiso wakho. Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kumthombo ngamnye wokukhanyisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu ezinxulumene nohlobo ngalunye lokukhanyisa.

Ukukhanyisa kweTungsten
Iiglowubhu zeTungsten (ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-incandescent) zisetyenziswa kwizibane eziqhelekileyo zasekhaya kunye nezibane zaseqongeni. Xa ezi zibane zimnyama, zenza ukukhanya oku-orenji okushushu okanye okutyheli kujikeleze into. Iibhalbhu zeTungsten “zinobushushu” obulinganiswa ngeedigri Kelvin (okanye K). Xa sithetha gabalala, okukhona umgangatho wobushushu u-K uguqulela kumthombo wokukhanya oluhlaza ngakumbi. Iireyithingi ze-K ezisezantsi ziya kuvelisa iithowuni ezityheli ngakumbi.

UkuKhanya kweFluorescent eDimable
Iibhalbhu zeFluorescent ziqulethe izinto zekhemikhali ezikhupha ukukhanya okubonakalayo xa umbane udlula kuzo. Iibhalbhu ze-Fluorescent zifanelekile ekudaleni uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bombala ukusuka kwiitoni ezipholileyo eziluhlaza ukuya kubomvu obushushu kunye nophuzi. Unokulawula ukuqaqamba kokukhanya kwefluorescent ngokusebenzisa izilawuli ezikude okanye ukucima kokukhanya okanye amaqhosha kwizibane zakho ngokwazo.

UkuKhanya kwe-HMI
I-HMI (i-hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide) sisibane se-arc esivelisa ukukhanya okumhlophe okucocekileyo xa umbane udlula kwizinto zegesi ngaphakathi kwimvulophu yebhalbhu. Olu hlobo lwebhalbhu lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizigaba zemifanekiso eshukumayo kunye nezibane ezikhethekileyo zokukhanyisa kuba ayifuni xesha lokufudumala njenge-tungsten kunye nezibane zefluorescent. Izibane ze-HMI zigqibelele ekudaleni ukukhanya kwelanga laphakathi kwemini kujongeka phandle ngemini enamafu okanye ukulinganisa ukukhanya kwemini ngaphakathi endlini ngestudio strobes kumxholo wakho.(…)

UbuGcisa bokuKhanya

Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunokuba nefuthe elimangalisayo kwimoya kunye nomoya wesithombe okanye ividiyo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa ngabafoti kunye neevidiyo ukwenza umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa zinokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo ezimangalisayo kwaye zikhuphe imvakalelo kumbukeli. Kweli candelo, siza kugubungela iziseko zokukhanyisa kwaye sifunde ngezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokukhanyisa.

Ukukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa ngasemva yindlela apho umthombo wokukhanya ophambili ubekwe emva komxholo wakho, emva koko walathiswe kwikhamera yakho. Obu buchwephesha bunokusetyenziswa ukwenza amanani amangalisayo okukhanya kwisifundo, ngelixa usongeza umphumo omangalisayo kumfanekiso wakho. Ukukhanya kwangasemva kusebenza ngakumbi ngokufota kweyure yegolide kunye nokufota ebusuku, apho amagqabantshintshi esifundo sakho agxininiswa ngakumbi kusetyenziso lwesibane esingasemva.

Xa ulungiselela ukufota ngasemva, qiniseka ukuba ubeka isibane ngendlela yokuba singabangeli ukugqabhuka kwelensi okanye iindawo ezishushu phambi kwekhamera yakho. Oku kunokonakalisa ngokulula umfanekiso omangalisayo! Ukufezekisa inkangeleko eyiyo yokukhanya ngasemva, jikelisa okanye ujike isibane kangangokuba sibethe ngasemva okanye kwicala lesifundo sakho kwaye sisasazeke ngakubo ngaphambi kokuba sifike kuwe. Zama ukulinga ii-engile ezahlukeneyo kunye nemigama ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka kwiisilhouettes eziyilayo ngokuchasene nesibhakabhaka seyure yegolide ukuya kwisitshixo esinamandla-ukukhanya okuchaza ukuthungwa okuvela ngasemva.

Ngokwamkela iindlela zokukhanyisa umva uya kukwazi ukuthatha iifoto ezintle ngalo lonke ixesha!

UkuKhanya ngecala

UkuKhanya ngecala luhlobo lobuchule bokukhanyisa apho ukukhanya kubekwe kwicala lesifundo esifotwayo. Le ndlela yobugcisa inokongeza umphumo omangalisayo kwiifoti kwaye incede ukukhupha ukuthungwa, imilo kunye nokwahlukileyo kumfanekiso. Idala izithunzi ezitsalela ingqalelo kwiindawo ezithile, ukunika ukudubula ubunzulu obunokuthanda kakhulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kumandla kunye necala lokukhanya, izithunzi ziya kuchaza icala elinye okanye amabini ento, nto leyo eyenza ukuba izive i-dimensional more. Ukuba ufuna ukugxininisa iimpawu zesifundo sakho, ezifana neempawu zobuso kwi-portraiture, ukukhanya kwecala ukusuka ngasemva okanye ukusuka ngaphambili (kodwa ungekho embindini) kunokudala i-chiaroscuro eyomeleleyo yokucacisa ugxininiso olukhulu.

Gcwalisa ukuKhanya

Gcwalisa ukukhanya kusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umahluko wokubunjwa kwakho ngokukhanyisa iindawo ezisethunzini. Ingasetyenziselwa zombini ukufota kunye nevidiyo, kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezona ntlobo zibalulekileyo zokukhanyisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umthombo wokukhanya othambileyo, osasazeke ngakumbi usetyenziselwa ukugcwalisa izibane - njenge ikhowudi, ibhokisi ethambileyo, i-umbrela okanye ikhadi lokuqhawula - elijonge kwisihloko ukuze "ugcwalise" naziphi na izithunzi ezenziwe zezinye iindawo zokukhanya. Umbono emva kokugcwalisa ukukhanya kukongeza nje ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukuze kulinganise ezinye izibane zokukhanya kwisakhelo sakho ngelixa ushiya ezinye izithunzi kunye nokuthungwa. Oku kudala umfanekiso kunye nokukhanya kuzo zonke iindawo kwaye kuchaza ngcono iimilo ngaphakathi kwendawo yakho. Izibane zokugcwalisa zikwanceda ukukhulisa iinkcukacha kwiindawo ezimnyama zomfanekiso wakho ngelixa unciphisa iimbalasane ezirhabaxa ezibangelwa zizinto eziqaqambileyo kwiishoti kunye neendawo ezishushu ebusweni xa udubula imizobo. Linga ngee-engile ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubekwa kwezibane zakho zokuzalisa ude ufikelele kwisiphumo osifunayo!

Izixhobo zokuKhanyisa

Izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezifanelekileyo ziyimfuneko ekudaleni umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo. Nokuba udubula ividiyo okanye uthatha iifoto, ukuqonda iziseko zokukhanyisa ngundoqo ekudaleni umfanekiso ojongeka njengengcali. Izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezahlukeneyo zinokusetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ubunzulu kunye necala lokukhanya ukwenza inkangeleko oyifunayo kwiifoto zakho. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona ziqwenga zidumileyo zezixhobo zokukhanyisa.

Iibhokisi zeSoftbox

Iibhokisi ezithambileyo zisisilungisi sokukhanya esibalulekileyo kumfanekiso kunye nokuvala ukufota. Iibhokisi ezithambileyo ziyilelwe ukudala ububanzi kunye nokukhanya, okufana neempawu zokukhanya kwefestile yendalo. Endaweni yomthombo wokukhanya oqinileyo, ezi zilungisi zithambisa kwaye zisasaze ukukhanya kwindawo yokungena. Oku kusasazwa (ukuncipha ngaphandle) komqadi kukuvumela ukuba usasazeke ngokulinganayo phezu kwesihloko sakho esikhanyisa izithunzi ngobunono, ukuthambisa imibimbi okanye amabala kunye nokudala imigca ecekethekileyo kubuso nomzimba wemodeli yakho.

Iibhokisi ezithambileyo ziza ngezitayile ezibini, isikwere/uxande okanye uyilo lwemilo ye-octagonal/umcu, zombini ziya kudala ukusonga okuthambileyo kokukhanya kwisifundo sakho. Lo mgangatho ungenxa yeendonga ezenza ngaphakathi kwebhokisi - cinga malunga xa ujonga ibhokisi ukusuka phezulu - oku kufana nento eyenzekayo ngokukhanya okubonakalisa ngaphakathi kwebhokisi elithambileyo. Iindonga zichithachithekile kwaye zicuthe umqadi ngaphambi kokuba ubethe isifundo sakho ukubonelela indawo egqunywe ngakumbi yokugubungela nokukhanya phezu kobuso okanye umzimba wesifundo sakho kunomthombo omnye omkhulu onjengokukhanya okukhukula phezu kwawo. Ukongeza, kuba uninzi lwezitayile zebhokisi ethambileyo zinemida elungelelanisiweyo ungavula okanye uvale ngaphezulu kwezi ndonga - uzinike ulawulo malunga nokuqhekeka kwecala njengoko kufuneka kulo lonke ukudubula kwakho.

Ubungakanani bebhokisi ethambileyo bukwabalulekile ekumiseleni ukuba ufuna ukukrola / ukubumba isibane esisetwe ngokuxhomekeke kumfanekiso okanye ukufotwa kwemveliso apho unqwenela ukugqunywa okuninzi kodwa umgangatho wokusonga okulinganiselweyo ngokuchasene neemveliso ezincinci ezifuna iinkcukacha ezijikeleze imiphetho enokufuna. Umahluko ophezulu wokumahluko okanye izibane zokubamba njengamehlo zifuna ukuchaneka okuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo olugxininise kumkhombandlela...

Iiambrela

Iimbrela luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezisetyenziswa kuzo zombini iifoto kunye nevidiyo. Azibizi kakhulu, zikhaphukhaphu kwaye kulula ukuzihambisa, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kubantu abangafundanga kunye neengcali.

I-ambrela sisixhobo esihle sokudala ukukhanya okusasazekayo. Ukukhanya okusasaziweyo kuthetha ukuba ukukhanya kuthambekile kwaye kwanwenwa ukuze umxholo ungakhanyiswa ngokuthe ngqo ngomqadi omnye orhabaxa obangela iindawo ezishushu okanye ithunzi elinzulu. Iiambrela zinokusetyenziswa kunye neeyunithi zeflash engaphandle kwekhamera, istudiyo strobes okanye ukukhanya kwelanga kwendalo ukwenza ukukhanya okuhle kwifoto yakho okanye ukudubula kwevidiyo.

Iimbrela ziza kwiindidi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo: ii-ambrela ezidubulayo, ezinephaneli emhlophe kwelinye icala; kunye neeambrela ezikhanyayo, eziquka isigqubuthelo esimhlophe kwelinye icala kunye nesiliva kwelinye icala. Iiambrela zokudubula ziselubala ngakumbi kunezo zibonakalisayo kodwa zivumele ukukhanya kuncinci kudlule - kusanele ukuvelisa iifoto kunye neevidiyo ezikhanyiswe ngokumangalisayo! Ngeeambrela ezibonakalisayo uya kufumana ukukhanya okuqaqambe ngakumbi kuba okunye ukukhanya kubonakaliswa umva kwindawo yakho ngenkxaso yesilivere.

Ukusebenzisa iambrela ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ibanjwe ubuncinci i-intshi ezingama-30 ukusuka kumxholo wakho oya kufikelela ekusasazweni okuphezulu kwaye ikunike iziphumo ezithambileyo, ezithandekayo ngaphandle kwethunzi elibi okanye amanqaku aqaqambe kakhulu. Ungaphinda uhlengahlengise ukuba iambrela ikude kangakanani na ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ofuna ukuba ukukhanya kuyo kube kumangalisa kangakanani - imigama ekufutshane ithetha ukukhanya okuthe kratya ngelixa imigama ethe kratya ithetha ukusasazwa okongeziweyo ngokungafaniyo nokukhanya ngokubanzi.

Izibonisi

Isibonisi sokukhanya sinceda ukwandisa ubuninzi bokukhanya onokukusebenzisa ngaphandle, ukwenza ukudubula kwiimeko ezikhanyayo kube lula kwaye kusebenza ngakumbi. Ziza kuluhlu lweemilo, ubungakanani kunye nemathiriyeli, zikunika ithuba lokulungelelanisa ukuseta isibane sakho kwisimo esithile okanye umphumo.

Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesibonisi luyi-five-in-one; olu didi lunokusongeka luneendawo zolawulo ezitshintshayo ezikuvumela ukuba ulawule (bounce) icala kunye nobunzulu bokukhanya. Uninzi luza nemigangatho yegolide, isilivere okanye emhlophe ebonisa umphezulu kunye nomnyama (ukuphelisa ukuchitheka). Ubungakanani babo buncinci bubenza kube lula ukuthutha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwindawo.

Ezinye iintlobo zibandakanya isikwere okanye iifreyimu zentsimbi ezineentsimbi ezineelaphu ezolulele phezu kwazo: rhoqo isilika, i-abrasine okanye i-pleated tissue paper. Ukuba isetyenziswe ngokuyilayo (kungathathelwa ingqalelo kuphela imiphumo yabo ekukhanyeni kodwa kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukuvelisa imiboniso, izithunzi kunye ne-silhouettes) banokubonelela ngeziphumo ezimangalisayo, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe. Zikwafanelekile kukudubula kwe studio xa imithombo yokukhanya eyongezelelweyo kunokuba nzima ukuyifumana.

Ekugqibeleni iibhodi ezimhlophe eziqinileyo okanye iidayisi zihlala zenziwe kumbindi wegwebu ezigqunywe kwi-reflesive Mylar zingasetyenziselwa ulawulo olongezelelweyo phezu kokukhanyisa kwaye ziluncedo ngakumbi xa kudutshulwa iziphumo zevolumetric ezifana neziqhumane kwimigama emide.

isiphelo

Ukukhanya okanye ukukhanya kubalulekile kwifoto elungileyo. Awunakuthatha izithonga ezinkulu ngaphandle kokuba ukwazi ukudlala ngokukhanya. Kwaye ungaxhomekeki kwisibane sakho esingaphakathi kwekhamera, funda ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokukhanyisa ukwenza uluhlu lweziphumo. Ukuze ufumane okona kulungileyo nakuphi na ukudutyulwa, kufuneka uthathe ulawulo lokukhanya okufunayo kwaye wenze uhlengahlengiso njengoko kufuneka.

Nokuba udubula ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, zama iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule bokuthatha iifoto zobuchule kunye nezimbo ezizodwa kunye nenkangeleko. Ngale migaqo engqondweni, vumela intelekelelo yakho ibaleke njengoko uphonononga kwaye ulinge ukukhanyisa umfanekiso wakho ogqibeleleyo!

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.