I-LUTs: Yintoni ekuHleleni ngombala?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 27, 2022

Iitheyibhile zokujonga (IiLUT) sisixhobo esinamandla kwi umbala umgangatho kunye nevidiyo ukuvelisa emva. Bakuvumela ukuba wenze izinto ezibonwayo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezintle ngokukhawuleza nangokulula, ukuze ungothusa abaphulaphuli bakho ngesiphumo esijongeka kakuhle sobuchwephesha.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iziseko ze IiLUT, indlela abasebenza ngayo, into abanokukwenzela yona, kunye nendlela onokubenza ngayo kangangoko kwiiprojekthi zakho.

• Iziseko ze IiLUT
• Njani IiLUT umsebenzi
• Intoni IiLUT enokwenza kuwe
• Ukwenza uninzi lwe IiLUT kwiiprojekthi zakho

Inkcazo yee-LUTs

Iitafile zokujonga (LUTs) zisisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhlelwa kombala kunye nokulungiswa komfanekiso. I-LUT ngokusisiseko yitafile yedatha ebonelela ngomyalelo wombala othile kwimveliso yevidiyo okanye iinkqubo zokuhlela. Inkqubo yokusebenzisa iLUT ibizwa ngokuba “I-3D LUT” emele itheyibhile yokujonga enemacala amathathu. Ivumela umfanekiso okanye ividiyo ukuba ilungelelaniswe ngokwetoni, umahluko, ukugcwala, phakathi kwezinye iiparamitha ezininzi ukuze utshatise inkangeleko ethile okanye ibakala.

I-3D LUT yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye ukuhlela ividiyo inkqubo, ngakumbi xa ulungelelwaniso lombala lobuchwephesha kunye nokuchaneka kuyo yonke imiboniso emininzi iyafuneka. Ngaphezulu koku, inokwenza utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kwimvakalelo yonke ye-footage ngelixa igcina iimpawu zayo zangaphambili - iyenza ibe sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokwenza ifilimu enesitayile ijonga kumanqanaba aphezulu okuhambelana nokuchaneka. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho iindidi ezimbini zezicelo apho i-3D Luts isetyenziswe ngempumelelo - mveliso kwaye usasazo losasazo.

Kwimveliso yasemva, i-Luts inokusetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa imibala kunye nethoni ecocekileyo yesikhumba kunye nokukhanya okujikeleze ukudubula ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Ngale ndlela abenzi beefilimu banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezingaguqukiyo kuzo zonke iiseti zeefilim ezahlukeneyo kunye nesimbo esinye esisetyenziswa kwindawo nganye kungakhathaliseki ukuba imo engqongileyo okanye isixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo. Ngaphaya koko, abenzi beefilimu banokwenza umzobo okhethekileyo wepencil ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu ngokudibanisa i-3D lut makeup seti kunye nemisebenzi yokuyila efana ne-vignettes kunye ne-hue shifts esetyenziswa phezu kwazo.

Usasazo losasazo lusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezingezizo iifilimu eziqhelekileyo kuphela kodwa neentengiso nazo-apho ukuba nolawulo olungaphezulu kwimibala kunokuba luncedo ngokwembono yobugcisa ngokunjalo ngokomgangatho wobuhle. Apha i-3dLuts yenza kube lula ukuba abavelisi baqinisekise imibala esisiseko echanekileyo kuyo yonke into edubulayo-njengombala wolusu njl. DaVinci isisombululo15 njl.

• Imveliso Yothutho
• Usasazo loSasazo
• DaVinci isisombululo15

Zisebenza njani iiLUT

Jonga phezulu iitafile (IiLUT) sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu esisetyenziswa kuhlelo lombala. Banceda ukulungelelanisa amaxabiso ombala ohlukeneyo ukuze igalelo elichanekileyo olifakileyo kwinkqubo ibe yinto ephuma kwelinye icala. IiLUT zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokuqhutywa komsebenzi kunye nezicelo, ukusuka kwimveliso ebonakalayo ukuya kuhlelo lombala emva kokuhamba komsebenzi.

Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga ukuba njani IiLUT umsebenzi kunye nendlela ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo ukuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kuhlelo lombala:

1. Njani IiLUT zisetyenziswa kwi-post-production workflow
2. Indlela yokwenza isicelo IiLUT kuhlelo lombala
3. Uyila njani IiLUT kwiiprojekthi ezithile zokuhlelwa kombala

Ukuqonda iSithuba soMbala

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni a Jonga iTheyibhile (LUT) yi kwaye isebenza njani, kubalulekile ukuba uqale ube nokuqonda okusisiseko kwe indawo yemibala. Imilinganiselo emithathu yendawo yombala Hue, uMgqibelo kwaye Luminance. I-Hue ibhekisela kwinkalo yombala ochaza i-hue okanye umthunzi wayo obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye oluhlaza. Ukuzaliseka kwemibala kubhekisa kwindlela umbala ocace ngayo okanye ocace kangakanani ngelixa ukukhanya kumisela indlela eqaqambe ngayo umbala kumboniso wethu.

Kwimifanekiso yedijithali, ipixel nganye iqulethe ulwazi malunga nayo Hue, uMgqibelo kwaye Luminance ixabiso. Olu lwazi lusetyenziswa ziinkqubo zokuhlela ividiyo ukubonisa imibala echanekileyo kwimonitha okanye kumabonwakude. IiLUT bayakwazi ukuyiguqula kancinane le ngcaciso ukuze batshintshe imiba ethile yenkangeleko yomfanekiso iyonke- ngokwesiqhelo ngokunyenyisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwemilinganiselo emithathu kwisithuba sombala (Hue, uMgqibelo kwaye Luminance).

A LUT ingasetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka ekutshintsheni inqanaba elipheleleyo lochasaniso kunye nokuzaliseka ukuya kuhlengahlengiso olufihlakeleyo okanye utshintsho olumandla kwiithowuni ezithile ngaphakathi komfanekiso ukuze kuyilwe inkangeleko yesimbo. Umzekelo, xa isetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo, IiLUT yenza iithowuni zolusu zibonakale zithambile ngelixa usonyusa umahluko phakathi kwemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nokugcwala - ukunika imveliso yokugqibela ukuva okuhluke ngokupheleleyo kunaxa uqala ngomfanekiso wakho osicaba.

Ukuqonda uMbala weGamut

A umbala gamut (ekwaziwa njengesithuba sepharamitha) ngokusisiseko ibhekisa kuluhlu lwemibala enokuveliswa ngaphakathi komxholo othile, njengevidiyo okanye ushicilelo.

Jonga phezulu iitafile (LUTs) zisetyenziswa kuhlelo lombala ukuvumela umsebenzisi ukumela ngokuchanekileyo amabala okukhanya kwaye akhuphe inkangeleko efanayo kwezinye iisiboniso ezihambelanayo okanye iinkqubo zokubonisa.

Ngokwenene, i-Look Up Table (LUT) lutshintsho lwemathematika olugcinwe njengoluhlu lwamanani. Idla ngokubhekiselwa kuko 'njengokuhlelwa kombala', '3D LUTs' okanye 'ii-LUTs zetyhubhu'. Xa ukuhlelwa kombala nge-LUTs, abahleli kunye neengcali zigcina ngokuchanekileyo zombini igalelo kunye nemveliso amaxabiso abo, ebavumela ukuba benze umfanekiso ojongeka ngokufanayo kungakhathaliseki nokuba basebenza nge-analog okanye imifanekiso yedijithali, kwi-Final Cut Pro X, i-Adobe Premier. okanye iDaVinci Resolve.

Ukuhamba komsebenzi okusekwe kwi-LUT kwenza ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokukhawuleza, kuchaneke ngakumbi kwaye kusebenze ngakumbi. Ngokuhamba komsebenzi wokuhlelwa kombala, kuya kufuneka uhlengahlengise ixabiso lombala ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo ngaphandle kokuchaneka. Ngokuhamba komsebenzi osekwe kwi-LUT, kulula kubahleli kunye neengcali ngokufanayo ukusebenzisa utshintsho lwemibala olungaguqukiyo kuzo zonke iishoti ezininzi ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.

Ukuze le nkqubo yenzeke ngokufanelekileyo idinga ukuba zonke izixhobo zisebenzise umgangatho wombala ofanayo - ngokuqhelekileyo Ikopi 709 kodwa kwakhona DCI-P3 kwezinye iintlobo zekhamera yedijithali - xa ugcina ulwazi malunga nezithuba zemibala ukuze imibala evela kwisixhobo esinye ishukunyiswe ngokuchanekileyo phezu kwesinye ngaphandle kweempazamo ezenzekayo kwinkqubo yokudlulisa.

Iindidi ze-LUTs

Ii-LUTs (Jonga iitafile) zisetyenziswa kuhlelo lombala ukukhohlisa kunye nokuphucula imifanekiso yevidiyo. Ukufezekisa oku, ii-LUT ziguqula amaxabiso athile ombala kunye nokukhanya kumfanekiso ukwenza isiphumo esifunwayo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentlobo ze-LUT ezilungiselelwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulungiswa kombala. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-LUT kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo:

• Ngena kumgca -Olu hlobo lwe-LUT lusetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-logarithmic footage kwisithuba sombala omgca. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ilog footage esuka kwiikhamera zedijithali.
• Creative -Ii-LUT zokudala zisetyenziselwa ukukhulisa inkangeleko kunye nokuziva kwevidiyo ngokutshintsha imibala kunye nokwahlukileyo. Inokongeza imvakalelo ye-cinematic kwimifanekiso.
• Ukufumana kwakhona709 -I-Rec709 LUTs zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula ividiyo kwindawo yemibala ye-Rec709. Oku kusetyenziswa xa imifanekiso ifuna ukutshatisa isithuba sombala wesixhobo sokuhlola ividiyo.
• Ukulinganisa -Ii-LUT zokuCalibration zisetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ividiyo kwindawo ethile yombala. Oku kusetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ukujonga okufanayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemifanekiso.

Ngena kwi-LUTs

Ngena kwi-LUTs ziitafile zokujonga umbala ezivumela abahleli bevidiyo kunye nomfanekiso ukuba batshatise ifoto evela kwiikhamera ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kombala kunye nokuhambelana phakathi kweekhamera ezinombala ohlukeneyo we-gamuts okanye iiprosesa. Ii-Log LUTs zikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-toning yesitayile, rhoqo ngenkangeleko ye-cinematic.

Xa usebenzisa ii-LUTs zelogi, kubalulekile ukuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, kuba aziyi “kulungisa” imiba yemifanekiso engadutyulwanga kakuhle. Ii-Log-LUTs zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokuhlela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ezona ziphumo zichanekileyo.

Iindidi zeLog LUTs:

• Ilog esemgangathweni: Ilog eqhelekileyo ye-LUT isetyenziselwa ukufanisa uhlobo lwekhamera ekhethiweyo / iiprofayili kunye nokuvezwa kwe-transformer kwifomathi enye eqhelekileyo. Oku kuvumela ukuba imifanekiso yekhamera emininzi ibonakale ifanayo ekuxhaseni inkangeleko yokugqibela emanyeneyo. Injongo kukuphumeza 'imbonakalo enye' kuzo zonke iividiyo, nokuba imvelaphi yayo yekhamera okanye uhlobo lweprosesa (okt, Blackmagic vs RED).
• Uyilo Log: Ilog yokudala i-LUTS igxininise ekuboneleleni ngeziphumo ezithile xa isetyenziswa kwividiyo/imifanekiso eshukumayo enjengokuchasana komfanekiso ocaba kunye nokususa imbonakalo eyenziwe ngumshicileli/ikhamera yendawo ethile. Isenokwenza inkangeleko engaqhelekanga esetyenziselwa isalathiso sobugcisa okanye utshintsho lweemvakalelo ngokubanzi kwiziqeshana ezithile eziphuma kuyo yonke iprojekthi yakho ngokusekwe kwimeko yeemvakalelo okanye imvakalelo - njengokwenza inkangeleko 'eqaqambileyo' edumileyo kuthotho olunje ngezinto ezingaqhelekanga, Westworld kunye eminye imiboniso yezenzululwazi/yeentsomi.

I-LUTs yokudala

I-LUTs yokudala zisetyenziselwa ukongeza utshintsho lwethoni kunye nenkangeleko eyenziwe ngesitayile kwimifanekiso. Bangakwazi ukulawula imbonakalo yombala ngeendlela ezininzi, njengokuzibaxa iithowuni ezithile okanye bazalise uluhlu oluthile lomfanekiso. I-Creative LUT's inokusetyenziselwa ukufezekisa izitayile zakudala, iziphumo zefilimu ye-analog okanye uguqulo olumnyama nomhlophe. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-Creative LUTs ziquka:

• Cross Processing LUTs: Ezi LUTs ziphindaphinda ubuchule be-darkroom yefilimu yokucubungula i-cross apho i-chemistry engalunganga isetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa ifilimu ekhokelela kwimibala engeyiyo yendalo kunye nokungafani okungaqhelekanga.
• Fashion/Beauty LUTs: Ezi LUTs ziyilelwe ngokukodwa iithowuni zesikhumba kunye nokudubula kwefashoni, ukuthambisa iithowuni ezibukhali zesikhumba ziqinisekisa ukujonga okufanayo kuwo onke amaqonga eendaba, ukusuka kushicilelo ukuya kwiwebhu kunye neefomati zemifanekiso eshukumayo.
• Ithowuni yokwahlula kunye neDuotone LUTs: Ezi zixhobo zokuyila zokuhlela zikuvumela ukuba usebenzise unyango lwemibala emibini eyahlukeneyo kumanqanaba okukhanya ahlukeneyo kumfanekiso ubunzulu obuninzi kunye nolawulo lweenkcukacha.
• Ukulinganisa kwegumbi elimnyama LUTs: Ngalezi, unokuxelisa ii-emulsions zeefilim ezithandwayo ezifana ne-Black & White ngokuhlukana kwemifanekiso ye-toning kunye neenkcukacha eziphuculweyo kunye ne-midtone curves okanye imbonakalo edibeneyo.
• Iitafile zokuJonga iVintage (LUT): Ukuphinda ujongane nembonakalo ye-icon yeklasikhi kunye nemvakalelo yokwenyani yakudala akuzange kube lula ukusebenzisa enye yezi Tabhile eziphefumlelweyo zeVintage Lookup (LUT).

IiLUTs zobuGcisa

IiLUTs zobuGcisa yiya ngaphaya kokuhlelwa kombala kunye nokuqheleka. Ezi ntlobo ze-LUTs ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukuba zibe nempembelelo ethile kunye ethile nokuba ngabaMnyama, abaMhlophe, ukuBubukhali okanye iGamma. Ezi LUT zingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa naziphi na iingxaki ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, njengokungafani kombala phakathi kweekhamera ezahlukeneyo okanye imithombo yokukhanya.

Umzekelo, a I-LUT yobugcisa inokusetyenziswa ukumanya abamnyama nabamhlophe kwiikhamera ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ke xa zijongwe kwimonitha enye, zijongeka zingaguquguquki kwaye ziyafana ngokwethoni.

IiLUTs zobuGcisa ingasetyenziselwa iziphumo ezizodwa ezifana:

• Intelekelelo yobushushu ngokuguqula imibala kwizithunzi eyenza isiphumo esiphantse sibe yi-surreal.

Iingenelo zokusebenzisa ii-LUT

LUTs (Jonga iiTheyibhile) sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuhlelwa kombala kumashishini aqeqeshiweyo nabangaqeqeshwanga bhanyabhanya kunye nevidiyo. Babonelela ngendlela ekhawulezayo, esebenzayo, kunye nethe ngqo yokufaka kunye nokulawula izilungiso zemibala kwiprojekthi yakho, kukunceda ufezekise inkangeleko oyifunayo kwaye uzive ngokukhawuleza.

Kweli candelo, siza kujonga izibonelelo zokusebenzisa ii-LUT kwaye kutheni zibaluleke kangaka kwinkqubo yokuhlelwa kombala:

• Ukulungiswa kombala okukhawulezayo nangokufanelekileyo
• Umbala ohambelanayo kwiifoto ezininzi
• Kulula ukulungelelanisa kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso
• Kulula ukufaka isicelo kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu

Ukusebenza kakuhle

Khangela iitafile (LUTs) bonelela abadwebi bemibala abanobuchule ngeendlela ezisebenzayo, ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo zokubeka inqanaba lendawo okanye ukudubula. Ziluncedo kakhulu ekuncedeni ukugcina umbala ongaguqukiyo phakathi kweefoto ezimbini okanye imiboniso, nokuba zidutyulwe kwiikhamera ezahlukeneyo. Ngokusebenzisa i-LUT eyenziwe kwangaphambili, unokuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ngebakala lakho lilonke kwaye emva koko uliqhubele phambili njengoko kuyimfuneko.

IiLUT ikwanceda ekunciphiseni ubungakanani bexesha elichithwe kwiprojekthi ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni nawuphi na umgangatho wayo ngokuvumela umfaki-bala ukuba aqhubele phambili izithonga ezininzi ngexesha elinye endaweni yomntu ngamnye. Banika ulawulo oluphezulu kwinkangeleko yokugqibela kunye nethoni yolandelelwano lonke ukuze isakhelo ngasinye sibonakale singaguquguquki kwaye sithandeka ngobuhle. Ngaphaya koko, ii-LUTs zinokubonelela ngezongezelelo ezifihlakeleyo kuzo zonke iishoti ngokongeza amanani amancinane ochasaniso, ukuzaliseka, okanye ukuqaqamba apho kuyimfuneko, okunokuthi kungenzeki xa kulungiswa isakhelo ngasinye ngesandla.

• Izinto ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa ii-LUTs:
  • Khawuleza uqalise ngebakala lakho lonke
  • Ukunciphisa ixesha elichithwa kwiprojekthi
  • Olona lawulo luphezulu kwinkangeleko yokugqibela kunye nethoni yolandelelwano olupheleleyo
  • Ukongezwa okufihlakeleyo kulo lonke ukudubula
  • Jonga ngokwendalo ngenxa yokuhlelwa kombala kusekwe kwimathematika entsonkothileyo
  • Nceda ukulungisa iingxaki ezinje ngemibala yemibala ngaphandle kokunyenyisa iiparamitha ezininzi ngaxeshanye

Ukubambisana

Xa usebenzisa ii-Look Up Tables (LUTs) zokuhlelwa kombala, isixa sexesha eliyimfuneko ekwenzeni utshintsho kwiiprojekthi zonke lincitshiswe kakhulu. Oku kuya kubangela ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumgangatho.

Ukongeza, xa ulinganisa umfanekiso okanye ukulandelelana kwemifanekiso ngokuhambelanayo IiLUT, uya kukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba naluphi na utshintsho olwenzileyo kwiprojekthi yonke luhlala lungaguquguquki. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uqinisekise umgangatho ophezulu wokuhambelana kunye nokuchaneka phakathi kokudubula komntu ngamnye kwaye kunceda ukugcina inkangeleko epheleleyo kunye nokuziva kuyo yonke imifanekiso, endaweni yokuba nayo yonke indawo. Ukungqinelana xa umbala uhlelwa isitshixo ekudluliseni umyalezo ochanekileyo nokubalisa ibali lakho ngokufanelekileyo.

uphawu

Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokusebenzisa Jonga phezulu iiTheyibhile (LUTs) xa ukuhlelwa kombala kumgangatho ophuculweyo wemifanekiso. Ukuqala, ii-LUT zichaneke ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela kuba zenza lula yonke inkqubo ngokugxila kwisayensi esele icwangcisiwe kunye nemathematika. Ngee-algorithms zekhompyuter kunye nemisebenzi ezenzekelayo esekwe kwiipateni ezithile kunye nemigangatho yombala, abasebenzisi banokuzuza kuhlelo olusebenzayo lombala oluvelisa iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho ophezulu womgangatho kuzo zonke iiprojekthi-ingakumbi kuba kukho indawo encinci yeempazamo ezifana nokungahambelani kwamathoni esikhumba okanye ukuhambelana kombala okungachanekanga kwimiboniso ethile.

Omnye umba womgangatho unxulumene nesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuhambelana nee-LUT. Xa kuthelekiswa iindlela manual ezifana iindlovu or baxhasi efuna ixesha elininzi lokumisela amanqaku, amanqanaba, imilinganiselo kunye neminye imiba ehambelana nokudubula ngalunye (ukuthatha izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo), ukusebenzisa i-LUTs kunika abasebenzisi isantya kwisantya esiza ukunciphisa iindleko ngokunciphisa ixesha lomsebenzi elifunekayo kwiiprojekthi. Ngaphaya koko, imisebenzi ezenzekelayo efana nale ibonelela abasebenzisi ngeziphumo ezichanekileyo ngexesha elincinci kakhulu-kuhle ukudubula kwishedyuli eqinile okanye ngokuqinisekisa nje ukuba imihla ebekiweyo ifikelelwa ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, ii-LUT zisisixhobo esixabisekileyo sabafaki bemibala ngokudala ukuhlelwa kombala okuhambelanayo kwiiprojekthi kunye neekhamera. Ngokukwazi ukuthelekisa imibala ngokusebenzisa imephu ye-gamut kunye eye, Ii-LUT zibonelela ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yabo enamandla nesebenzayo, naluphi na uhlobo lokuhamba komsebenzi luvulwa ngemibala etyebileyo kunye neZithuba zemibala ezichanekileyo. Ngolwazi oluchanekileyo, imbonakalo yembonakalo yemibala ingaba ngaphezulu Ezinamandla kunanini na ngaphambili.

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.