Uludwe lweeShot: Yintoni kwiMveliso yeVidiyo?

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 29, 2022

Uluhlu lokudubula linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ividiyo. Luluhlu olucwangcisiweyo lokudubula oluya kusetyenziswa ukwenza ividiyo.

Iquka ii-angles zekhamera, utshintsho, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuba zithathelwe ingqalelo ukudala ividiyo edibeneyo.

Uluhlu lokudutshulwa lubonelela ngeplani yempumelelo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda iziseko zento engena kuluhlu lokudubula kunye nendlela yokuyila ngokufanelekileyo.

Inkcazo yoLuhlu lweeShot

Kwimveliso yevidiyo, uluhlu lokudubula luxwebhu oluneenkcukacha ezichaza zonke iishot ekufuneka zithathwe ngexesha lefilimu okanye iseshoni yokurekhoda. Isebenza njengesikhokelo sobugcisa kunye nereferensi kubo bobabini umqhubi wekhamera kunye Mlawuli, bencedisa ekucwangciseni umsebenzi wabo imini yonke okanye iveki. Uluhlu lokudubula kufuneka luqulathe ubuncinane i-60-80% yezinto ezifunekayo kwiprojekthi yokugqibela, evumela ukuguquguquka kunye nokuphucula xa kufuneka.

Uluhlu lweefoto ezenziwe kakuhle lunokonga ixesha kunye nemali. Ngokuba nalo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko kwiminwe yakho - ii-engile, uhlobo lokudubula, i-mediums esetyenzisiweyo kunye nomyalelo wokudubula - indawo nganye inokuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke ii-engile zigqunyiwe ngelixa kuncitshiswa ukuhluma kwakhona. Injongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ebalulekileyo ifakiwe kumgca wexesha ukuze abahleli babe nayo yonke into abayifunayo ukuze bahlanganise imveliso emangalisayo.

Ngolo hlobo, uludwe lokudubula olusebenzayo kufuneka luchaze iinjongo ezithile kunye nemiyalelo kubandakanya imiyalelo yokumisela; iimbekiselo zesakhelo; ubungakanani (vala phezulu (CU), phakathi (MS) okanye ububanzi (WS)); mangaphi athathiweyo afunekayo; medium (ifilimu, ividiyo yedijithali); ukushukuma okanye ukungashukumi; imibala/iimeko/ithoni efunwayo; uhlobo lwelensi; ukuchaneka kwexesha/ubude bokudubula; izinto zeaudio ezifunekayo ukuze zihambelane nokubonwayo; ulungelelwaniso ngemiboniso okanye iindidi ezibekwe kuluhlu lwexesha njl njl. Uluhlu lweefoto oludibeneyo lunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho nkcukacha zibalulekileyo ezingahoywayo xa kusenziwa imveliso yokugqibela.

Iingenelo zokudala uLuhlu lweeShot

Ukudala uluhlu lokudubula yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokucwangcisa ukuveliswa kwevidiyo eyimpumelelo. Nangona kuthatha ixesha ukuyila, ukusebenzisa uluhlu lokudubula kuya konga ixesha kunye nemali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Iingenelo ezininzi ekudaleni uluhlu lokudubula ziquka:

-Iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iividiyo eziyimfuneko zifakiwe - Uluhlu lweeshot olubanzi luya kuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na izinto ezibalulekileyo zigutyungelwe. Oku kuquka ukudutyulwa okukhulu okufana nokuseka izithonga, ukufowuna okuphakathi, kunye neendawo ezisondeleleneyo, kunye neenkcukacha ezinjengeengile ezithile okanye iipropu ezifunekayo kwindawo yexhwayelo.

-Inika ukucaca kunye nenjongo - Ukuba noluhlu olucwangcisiweyo lwazo zonke izithonga eziyimfuneko kwenza kube lula ukucwangcisa ukudubula kosuku lonke. Oku kukwanceda ngokucwangcisa indawo nganye ngobuchule ngakumbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo okanye ilityalwe ngexesha lemveliso.

-Ivumela indawo eyongezelelekileyo yokuyila ngexesha lokudubula - Ngokufumana izithonga ezimiselwe kwangaphambili, ikhulula igumbi kwiseti ukuvumela ubuchule ukuba buhambe ngelixa lusahleli lucwangcisiwe. Amanqanaba amandla eqela anokuhlala emile njengoko besazi ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni ngaphandle kokuphulukana nezimvo phakathi kwendlela yokudutyulwa.

Ukudala uluhlu lokudubula kufuna inzame eyongezelelweyo ngaphambi kokuba imveliso iqale kodwa ukucwangciswa kunokuhamba umgama omde ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ividiyo yakho yenziwa ngexesha kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali!

Iindidi zoShoso

Xa kuziwa kwimveliso yevidiyo, uluhlu lokudubula sisixhobo esibalulekileyo. Isetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa izithonga kunye nee-engile ngelixa ufota, kwaye inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba zonke izinto ezibalulekileyo zigqunyiwe. Uluhlu lweeshoti lunokuqulatha iintlobo ngeentlobo zeeshoti, ezinje ngokusondele, okuphakathi, kunye nokudubula okubanzi, kunye nokuseka izithonga. Kukwakho nezinye iishoti ezininzi ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngee-cutaways, izithonga ze-panning, kunye nezithonga zeedoli ezinokubandakanywa. Makhe sijonge kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokudubula ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe xa kusenziwa uludwe lokudubula.

Ukuseka iiShots

Ukuseka izithonga ezibonisa indawo yonke kunye nokuseka umxholo webali. Olu hlobo lokudubula lubonisa umbono obanzi wendawo ukuze siqonde ukuba siphi ngokunxulumene nezinye izinto zebali. Ukuseka izithonga kunokuthatha iindlela ezininzi, njengokuthatha ixesha elide, ukufota nge-pan, ukufota okulandelwayo, ukufota emoyeni okanye ukufota.

Kwifilimu ebalisayo okanye kwimveliso yevidiyo, ukuseka imifanekiso inceda ukuqhelanisa ababukeli kwaye ibanike umxholo othile wendlela abalinganiswa abangena ngayo kwindawo yabo. Ukudubula okumiselayo kufuneka kuveze zombini indawo (apho) kwaye ichaze (njani) ibali lakho kwishoti enye - kufuneka ibonise ngokucacileyo nabaphi na abalinganiswa abafanelekileyo. Yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ibeka ngokukhawuleza zonke izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo ngokukhawuleza ukuqonda ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni kumboniso kwaye idale ilizwe lentelekelelo kubabukeli ngaphambi kokuba udlulele phambili kwimiboniso ekufutshane okanye yengxoxo.

Ezi ntlobo zokudubula ziluncedo kutshintsho phakathi kwemiboniso ngokunjalo - ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle, ukusuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo njl njl - kuba zibonelela ngokukhawuleza ababukeli ngolwazi malunga nendawo yabo kwaye bahlala becebisa ubudlelwane bexeshana phakathi kwemiboniso ngokuseka imini okanye ubusuku ngequbuliso. Ukuseka izithonga kukwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumaxwebhu endalo apho iindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zejografi zinokudityaniswa nomxholo oqhelekileyo kwisiqendu okanye uthotho.

Vala-Ups

I-Close-ups isisiseko kwimveliso yevidiyo kunye nohlobo oluqhelekileyo lwabenzi befilimu abadutyulwayo basebenzise ukubamba iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye nezisondeleyo zommandla okanye isifundo. I-close-up idla ngokubhekisa kwisitofu esigxininisa ubuso bomntu, kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukuqaqambisa into okanye imveliso. Ziza ngokobukhulu obahlukeneyo kuba eyona freyim ixhomekeke kwindlela i-lens yekhamera isondezwe ngayo kwisifundo.

Ubungakanani obukhoyo bokudubula okusondeleyo bubandakanya:
-I-Extreme Close Up (ECU) - oku kudutshulwa kumgama okufutshane kakhulu, rhoqo ukusondeza ukuze kufakwe iinkcukacha ezincinci njenge-eyelashes nganye.
-Medium Close Up (MCU) - oku kubamba inxalenye yomntu okanye into ngokubandakanya okungaphezulu kwendawo engqongileyo kune-ECU. Oku kuluncedo xa udubula imiboniso yencoko yababini
-Full Close Up (FCU) - le shot ibandakanya kuphela inxalenye yomzimba, efana nobuso bomntu okanye izandla, igxininise kwindawo yabo.

Cutaways

Abahleli bevidiyo bahlala besebenzisa iindlela ezisikiweyo ukugcina indawo engakhange idutyulwe kakuhle okanye ukongeza ingcaciso ebalini. Olu hlobo lokudubula lubonelela ngendlela yokutshintsha phakathi kwemiboniso, yenza ugxininiso kwaye ugweme iingxaki zomsindo kunye nezibonwayo.

Iindlela zokusikwa zingasetyenziselwa ukunika intsingiselo okanye umxholo kwimiboniso ngokusika kwisenzo esiphambili sesiganeko kwaye kamva sibuye. Ezi zithonga zidla ngokufaka imizobo emifutshane yokusabela, iinkcukacha, iindawo okanye izenzo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe njengeenguqu okanye ugxininiso xa kufuneka. Imifanekiso eshukumayo yeendlela ezisikiweyo kufuneka incede ukuchaza okwenzekayo kwindawo kodwa kwakhona kufuneka inike umdla ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba ingabonakali ingekho ndawo kuhlelo.

Imizekelo embalwa yokusetyenziswa ngokukuko kweendlela zokusikwa iquka: ukutyhila into enxulunyaniswa nomlinganiswa (umzekelo: ukubonisa umfanekiso wexesha labo elidlulileyo), ukubonisa into ngokufutshane ngaphambi kokuba kutyhilwe ukubaluleka kwayo (umz: ukuthelekelela ubundlobongela obufihliweyo) kunye nokubonelela ngokuqhubekeka okubonakalayo ngexesha. incoko-indawo enzima (umz: ukunika iimpendulo ezinenjongo). I-Cutaways ingasetyenziselwa ukufaka uburharha kwindawo, ukongeza impembelelo / uxinzelelo, ukumisela ixesha / indawo kunye nokubonelela ngemvelaphi.

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeCutaways zichazwe ngezantsi:
-I-Reaction Shot-Isithonga esisondeleyo esibamba indlela umntu asabela ngayo kwenye into eyenzekayo kwiscreen.
-Ishot yeNdawo-Ibonisa apho isenzo senzeka khona; oku kunokubandakanya imifanekiso yangaphandle efana nembonakalo yesixeko okanye ingaphakathi elifana neeofisi kunye namakhaya.
-I-Object Shot-Ithatha ababukeli kwiinkcukacha ezisondeleyo ezibandakanya izinto eziyinxalenye yeploti kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo zabalinganiswa ezifana nobucwebe, iincwadi, izixhobo njl.njl.
-I-Montage Shot-Uthotho lweeshoti ezithathwe kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezithi ke zihlelwe kunye ukuze zibonakale zizonke ezinokuthi zingalandeli ulandelelwano lweziganeko kwindawo yangoku kodwa zibonakalise ngokusebenzayo ukuba izinto ziqhube njani ngokuhamba kwexesha (jonga umzekelo apha. )

Point of View Shots

Iifoto zembono zibonelela abaphulaphuli ngenkangeleko yokuqala yento ebonwa ngumlinganiswa kunye neemvakalelo kwindawo yabo. Kwifilimu nakumabonwakude, zinokufotwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ukubanjwa ngesandla, ukudutyulwa kweedoli, iSteadicam okanye ngokuncamathisela ikhamera kwisigcina-ntloko okanye kwisithuthi. Ukudubula kweembono yindlela esebenzayo yokunika abaphulaphuli ukuqonda kwinto eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunye neengcinga ze-protagonist yethu. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeendawo zokujonga i-point of view shots ziquka imigca yamehlo, ukusondela kakhulu (ECUs), iilensi zokusondeza kunye nee-angles eziphantsi.

Imigca yamehlo inika imikhondo ebonakalayo kubaphulaphuli malunga nokuba ngubani ojonge omnye komnye nakweyiphi na ifoto. Olu hlobo lokudubula lufuna abalinganiswa ababini kwikhusi abajongana bobabini ukuze benze ubunzulu ngaphakathi kwendawo.

Ukusondela kakhulu (ECUs) kunika ugxininiso olunzulu kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zomzimba ngaphakathi kwendawo efana namehlo okanye izandla zomdlali we-actor. Zisetyenziselwa ukuqaqambisa amaxesha abalulekileyo njengaxa umlinganiswa ezama ukuxoka okanye ukufihla into komnye umntu.

I-zoom lens iphinda isetyenziswe ngexesha lokufota njengoko inokudala utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kugxininiso kunye nesikali ngaphandle kokuphazamisa indawo okanye indlela yekhamera. Oku kunika ababukeli ixesha lokuqaphela iinkcukacha kwimiboniso ngelixa behambisa ukuqina kweemvakalelo ngaphandle kokususa kuyo ngeentshukumo zesiquphe. Ekugqibeleni, ii-angles eziphantsi zihlala zisetyenziswa ngexesha lokujonga i-point shots kuba zithetha amandla kunye negunya phezu kwendawo ejikelezileyo; kanye njengaxa umntu emi phezu kwethu, ngokunjalo ukudutyulwa kwi-engile esezantsi kudala le mvakalelo ifanayo kubabukeli ebavumela ukuba banxibelelane ngcono nohambo lwethu lomlinganiswa ophambili kwindawo yabo.

IiShots zokusabela

Imifanekiso eshukumayo isetyenziselwa ukubamba indlela asabela ngayo umbukeli kwisenzo okanye kwiziganeko ezithile. Umzekelo, xa umlinganiswa efumana iindaba zokubhubha komhlobo wakhe, udubulo olulandelayo ludla ngokuba lolo lomlinganiswa osabela ngentlungu nosizi. Izithonga zokusabela zingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukutshintsha kwamaza ngokweemvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo. Ngamanye amazwi, banokuba nobuqhetseba njengokubonisa isiqabu emva kokuva iindaba ezilungileyo okanye uloyiko ngaphambi kokuthatha into enkulu.

Izithonga zokusabela zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokubalisa amabali ezinika ababukeli umbono weemvakalelo zangaphakathi zabalinganiswa kwimiboniso. Umzekelo, xa abantu ababini bexambulisana ngokusondeleleneyo, ukudubula kwempendulo kunika amalungu abaphulaphuli umxholo weentshukumisa okanye iimvakalelo zomntu ngamnye ukongeza kwincoko yababini ababelana ngayo. Izithonga zokusabela zisenokusetyenziswa ukongeza uxinezeleko kunye nokuthandabuza xa kutyhilwa ulwazi okanye kuphuhliswa iindawo zeploti. Nokuba yinto eyothusayo, uvuyo, uloyiko okanye unxunguphalo ekufuneka ilungu labaphulaphuli lizive ngexesha lemiboniso ethile, imifanekiso yokusabela inokubenza bantywiliselwe ngokupheleleyo kwibali lakho kwaye babe namava eemvakalelo zecinematic kwimveliso yakho.

Phezu Kwee Shoulder Egxalabeni

Ukufota ngaphezulu kwegxalaba (OTS) yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuqulunqa umfanekiso oshukumayo kunye nodliwano-ndlebe lukamabonakude. Ezi zithonga zidla ngokufotwa ngasemva nangaphezulu kancinane kwegxalaba lesifundo. Banikezela ngeempawu ezibonakalayo kumbukeli malunga nokuba ngubani othethayo, njengoko ubuso besifundo bungasayi kuba kwisakhelo. Iifoto ze-OTS zikwabonelela ngengqiqo yendawo kwaye uvumele ababukeli bazi apho iincoko ziqhubeka khona; xa isetyenziswa kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi, inceda ukufumanisa ukuba imbono kabani enikwayo.

Xa ubeka i-shot phezu kwegxalaba, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela zombini ubude bekhamera kunye ne-engile. Ikhamera kufuneka ibekwe phezulu kunomphezulu wentloko ngelixa ikwathatha ngcono zonke iinkcukacha kwisakhelo, njengeempawu zobuso, isenzo kunye nencoko yababini. I-engile yokudubula akufuneki isike naziphi na iinxalenye zomzimba okanye iimpahla zomthathi-nxaxheba; kufuneka kwakhona iseke unxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi kwezifundo eziphambili kwaye isuse iziphazamiso ezibonakalayo kwizinto ezingasemva. Ngokubanzi, ukudubula okungaphaya kwegxalaba kuya kubandakanya malunga nesinye kwisithathu somxholo kwelinye icala lesakhelo (ubuso babo) kunye nesibini esithathwini esingasemva okanye izifundo ezizisekondari kwelinye icala - ukugcina omabini amacala elungelelene ngenjongo yokubalisa amabali.

Shot List Components

Uluhlu lokudutyulwa sisixhobo esixabisekileyo seeprojekthi zemveliso yevidiyo njengoko ibonelela ngesicwangciso seziphi izithonga ofuna ukuzithatha ukuze ubalise ibali. Luxwebhu olubanzi oluchaza zonke izithonga oza kuzifuna ukwenza ividiyo ethile. Uluhlu lokudutyulwa lubandakanya ulwazi olufana nenombolo yokudutyulwa, inkcazo yokudubula, ubude bokudubula, kunye nohlobo lokudubula. Masingene nzulu nzulu ekubeni ngawaphi amacandelo athile aqukiweyo kuluhlu lokudubula.

Inombolo yemeko

Inombolo yeSicelo linani elinxulunyaniswa nomboniso othile. Oku kuqukwa ngokubanzi kuluhlu lokufota ukwenza kube lula kubasebenzi ukucwangcisa imifanekiso eshukumayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyakhumbula ukuba yeyiphi ikliphu yevidiyo nganye eyeyako. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukuqhubeka xa kusenziwa ifilimu ethathayo; eli nani linceda ukuba lizichonge ngokukhawuleza kwaye nizigcine zicwangcisiwe. Umzekelo, ukuba unee-engile ezine ezithatha indawo enye eneziqendu ezahluke kancinane okanye ii-engile, unokuba nemiboniso emine ebhalwe enye ukuya kwesine. Oku kwenza kube lula kubahleli kunye nabalawuli xa bejonga imifanekiso ukuze bazi ukuba bekukudubula ntoni ngexesha elithile. Uluhlu lokudutyulwa lulandela ifomati: Umboniso # _Indawo_ _Into_ _Inkcazo yeShot_.

inkcazelo

Uluhlu lokudutyulwa sisicwangciso esineenkcukacha esisebenza njengesikhokelo sereferensi ngelixa ufota. Ibhala i-shots-wide, close-up, phezu kwegxalaba, i-dolly, njl.-kwaye inokulandelela ii-angles, iilensi, i-coverage, ikhamera kunye naluphi na olunye ucwangciso olukhethekileyo olufuna ukuba lwenzeke kwi-prep yokufota. Ukuthetha ngokufanelekileyo sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu kwaye siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo ezininzi zevidiyo.

Uluhlu lokudubula kufuneka lubandakanye onke amacandelo ayimfuneko ukuze kubhalwe ukudubula okuyimpumelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuya kubandakanya:
-Indawo - Apho imbumbulu ithathwa khona
-Uhlobo lokudubula-Nokuba i-engile ebanzi, i-closeup njl njl
-Ingcaciso ngombumbulu – Inkcazo ebhaliweyo yemvelaphi yesiganeko
-Intshukumo & nencoko yababini – Yeyiphi incoko yababini eza kuthethwa kwaye inyathelo lithathwe kwisakhelo
-Ukuseta ikhamera-Iengile kunye neelensi ezisetyenziselwa ukudubula
-I-Coverage & ithatha-Inani lokuthatha ukhuselo kunye neminye imiyalelo ethile yabadlali okanye abasebenzi bokudubula okuthile

Ikhamera yeAngle

I-engile yekhamera licandelo elisisiseko kulo naluphi na uluhlu lweeshot. Kufuneka icaciswe ngokungathi uchaza indawo yekhamera kumntu ongayiboniyo. Ngokubanzi, iiengile zekhamera zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini-i-engile ebanzi kunye ne-close-up-nganye ineentlobo ezibanzi zeekhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicwangciso.

Ukudubula kwe-engile ebanzi ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya indawo eyongezelelweyo ngaphakathi kokudubula, ngelixa i-close-ups isondeza isihloko kwi-lens ukuze kuvele ubuso babo okanye izandla kuphela kwisakhelo. Amagama aqhelekileyo ngalinye aquka:

Ukudubula kwe-engile ebanzi:
-Ukuseka iShot: umfanekiso obanzi obonisa indawo jikelele okanye indawo apho umboniso umiselwe khona, osetyenziswa kakhulu kwiidrama kunye namahlaya ukuze kucace.
-Imbumbulu egcweleyo / iShot ende / iBanzi: ibonisa umzimba opheleleyo womdlali weqonga ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni ukusuka kude
-I-Medium Wide Shot (MWS): ibanzi kunokudubula okupheleleyo, ithathela ingqalelo indawo ezingqongileyo
I-Midshot (MS): ihlala isetyenziswa njengendawo yokudutyulwa phakathi, inikezela ngomelo olwaneleyo lomlingiswa kunye nokusingqongileyo ngelixa ivumela abenzi befilimu ukuba bahlengahlengise ukugxila ngokulula.
-Izithonga ezimbini (2S): abalinganiswa ababini kwisakhelo esinye kunye bethatha indawo eninzi kwiimeko ezininzi

Vala iiShots:
-Medium Close Up (MCU): ijolise kumzimba ongaphezulu okanye amagxa afana nemiboniso yencoko
-Vala (CU): vala ngokwaneleyo ukuba abaphulaphuli bangabhalisa iimpawu zobuso kodwa hayi iintetho ezisuka ngasemva kune-midshot
-I-Extreme Close Up (ECU): igcwalisa isakhelo sonke ngenxalenye yobuso besifundo njengamehlo okanye umlomo

I-engile nganye yekhamera inika ukuqonda okwahlukileyo kubalinganiswa ngabanye kunye neenkcukacha malunga nobuntu babo ezinceda ekudaleni uxinezeleko kunye neemvakalelo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indlela ukhetho ngalunye oluchaphazela ngayo ukuqonda kwababukeli ukuze ukhetho lwakho luhambelane nelona bali lilungileyo.

ilenisi

Ilensi oyikhethayo iya kuchaphazela uninzi lwemiba yobugcisa yoluhlu lwakho lokudubula. Iilensi ezibanzi zibamba ngakumbi kwaye zilungile ekusekeni izithonga kunye nokuthatha iindawo ezinkulu ngaphandle kokufuna ukuhambisa ikhamera. Iilensi eziphakathi kunye neziqhelekileyo zinokubonelela ngobunzulu, inqanaba elithe kratya lokugxila kwimiboniso efuna iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo okanye xa ufuna ukudala ingqiqo yobunzulu ekudubuleni. Iilensi zeTelephoto ezinde ziluncedo ekuphakameni ukudubula okukufutshane kumgama, njengokufota kwendalo. Bakwabonelela ngocutha kunye noxinzelelo olunokuthi lusetyenziswe ukunika indawo ubunzulu, ukwahlukana kunye noxinzelelo lwangasemva kunoko kunokufezekiswa nge-lens ebanzi. Usondezo malunga nokuba yeyamanuwali okanye iilensi zokusondeza zemoto, ngelixa ufota, kukwadala imvakalelo yongxamiseko okanye intlungu engenakuphinda iphindwe ngalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lobuchule belensi.

ubude bexesha

Xa usenza uluhlu lokudubula, uya kukhankanya ngokuqhelekileyo ubude bexesha lokudubula. Umgaqo omhle wesithupha kukuba ukuba ukudubula kuya kusetyenziswa ukuhambisa ulwazi okanye imvakalelo, kufuneka ihlale imizuzwana emi-3-7. Obu bude bunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo kunye nomxholo wendawo, kodwa ukujonga oku njengesiseko sakho sokwakheka kunokukunceda ukhethe ukuba zeziphi izithonga eziyimfuneko kunye nendlela yokuzakha ngokufanelekileyo enye kwenye. Ukwahlulahlula izithonga zibe ziiyunithi ezincinci kwaye uzityibilikise phakathi kweeshoti zakho ezizitshixo zinokusetyenziselwa ukongeza uxinezeleko okanye ukubalisa kwisehlo.

Isithonga ngasinye kufuneka sinikwe ingqiqo epheleleyo ngexesha laso - nokuba yimizuzwana embalwa kakhulu (yeenguqu), ukuya kuthi ga ngoku "ngaphaya kwegxalaba" izithonga ezinokuhamba ixesha elide kunemizuzwana eyi-10 okanye imizuzu (yengxoxo). Cinga ixesha elide xa uyila ibhodi yakho yamabali ukuze naliphi na ilungu ngalinye lingabi mnandi kakhulu xa lisoluliwe kwimizuzu emininzi.

evakalayo

Xa usenza uluhlu lokudubula lwemveliso, izinto zomsindo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Amacandelo omsindo angabandakanya i-voiceovers, i-foley, iziphumo zesandi, kunye nomculo ongasemva. Iqela lemveliso kufuneka lithathele ingqalelo nawuphi na umxholo ofuna ungqamaniso lwe-audio olufana nokudibanisa imilebe okanye iziphumo zesandi ezihambelana nokubonwayo.

Qinisekisa ukuba uludwe lokudutyulwa lubonisa zonke iimfuno eziyimfuneko zeaudio njengomculo ukuqaphela indawo okanye isandi seemoto ezidlula ngasemva. Ukongeza, indawo ekhethiweyo yokurekhoda kufuneka ibe nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwingxolo yangaphandle ukuze i-audio efakwe kwisethi ilungele ukuhlelwa kwi-post-production. Iqela lemveliso kufuneka kwakhona licwangcise ukuseta ikhamera yabo kunokuba lithembele kwiindlela zokuvelisa emva kokuvelisa isandi.

Ukuba nesicwangciso kunye nokuthatha ixesha lokucinga ngezinto ezifana nokubekwa kwemakrofoni, abadlali abathetha ivolumu kunye nezinye izinto ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimfuno zomsindo ziyahlangatyezwa ngexesha lokufota kwaye zithintele ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokuba iimpazamo azizange zibanjwe kwangoko ngokwaneleyo kwimveliso yangaphambili.

Iingcebiso zokudala uLuhlu lweeShot

Uluhlu lokudubula sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi yokuvelisa ividiyo. Ikuvumela ukuba ucwangcise iifoto zakho kwangethuba kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zonke iividiyo eziyimfuneko zibanjiwe. Xa udala uluhlu lokudubula kukho iingcebiso ezimbalwa omele uzigcine engqondweni ukuze uqinisekise ukuba uluhlu lwakho luchanekile kwaye lubanzi. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezi ngcebiso kunye nendlela onokuzisebenzisa ngayo ukwenza uluhlu olugqibeleleyo lokudubula.

Cwangcisa uFundo

Xa usenza uluhlu lokudubula, kubalulekile ukucwangcisa ukugubungela. Qwalasela ukuba zeziphi iiengile zekhamera oya kuzifuna ukwenza ibali elisebenzayo-imifanekiso ebanzi yemiboniso emikhulu, izithonga eziphakathi ukuze ubambe abalinganiswa ababini okanye abathathu kwincoko, izithonga zamagxa ezibonisa abantu ababini kwincoko, okanye ezisondeleleneyo eziya kubonisa. iinkcukacha kwakunye neemvakalelo. Kwakhona khumbula ukuba xa udubula ulandelelwano lwencoko yababini uya kufuna ukuzama kwaye ufumane nokuba mnye uthathe nge-engile nganye yekhamera ukuze ube nomboniso wokuhlela kunye kamva. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba 'yi-cross-cutting' kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ividiyo yakho ibonakala inobuchule.

Ikwangumbono olungileyo ukucinga ngeentlobo zeelensi onokuzisebenzisa xa ucwangcisa uluhlu lwakho lokudubula. Ngelensi ende unokubamba ixesha elisondele ngakumbi ngelixa usebenzisa i-lens ebanzi-engile iya kunceda ukubamba imiboniso emikhulu eneenkcukacha ezingakumbi njengemiboniso yezihlwele okanye iindawo zangaphandle. Ukucinga kwangaphambili ngezi zinto ngexesha loveliso lwangaphambili kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukudubula kwevidiyo yakho kuhamba kakuhle kwaye ngokufanelekileyo xa ilixesha lokuqalisa ukuqengqeleka kwekhamera!

Qwalasela ngezimvo

Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukwenza uluhlu lwakho lweefoto, kubalulekile ukucinga ngeengcamango kwaye uqwalasele indlela ofuna ukuthetha ngayo ibali lakho ngokubonakalayo. Nanga amacebiso ambalwa onokuwasebenzisa xa ucinga ngezimvo:

-Qala ngolwandlalo olusisiseko lwebali levidiyo. Xubushani ngeefoto ezinokuthi zincede ukunxibelelana nebali.
-Thatha umva kwaye ucinge ukuba ukuhlela kuya kuyichaphazela njani inkangeleko kunye nokuziva kwevidiyo yakho. Ukuhlela kungenza umahluko xa kufikwa ekunikeni impembelelo yesiganeko okanye imvakalelo esisiseko yesiganeko.
-Yenza okubonwayo kwangaphambili okuya kunceda ukucacisa indawo nganye. Uya kufuna ukwenza imizobo okanye imizobo yeshot nganye oceba ukuyifaka kwividiyo yakho ukuze ukwazi ukonga ixesha ngexesha lemveliso kwaye ugcine wonke umntu esendleleni.
-Qinisekisa ukuba ubandakanya ii-engile zekhamera ngokudubula ngakunye kuluhlu lwakho kunye nazo naziphi na iziphumo ezikhethekileyo okanye ezinye iinkcukacha eziphambili ezinjengokukhanya, ukuhlelwa kombala, kunye noyilo lwesandi.
-Cinga ngeendlela zokubandakanya intshukumo yekhamera yokuyila kwiifoto zakho, njengokusebenzisa idrone okanye igimbal, ukulandelela izithonga ngokuseta idoli, kunye nokongeza ukunyakaza okukhawulezayo ngeejibs okanye izilayidi.
-Qwalasela ukuba amaxesha ahlukeneyo emini anokuthi achaphazele imiboniso ethile - mhlawumbi i-footage yasebusuku iyafuneka ukuze ubonise ngokwaneleyo umoya-kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uphendula ezo zinto kuluhlu lwakho lokudubula ngokufanelekileyo.

Sebenzisa iSakhelo

Uluhlu lweefoto lubalulekile kuyo yonke imveliso yevidiyo, njengoko luchaza zonke iishoti ozifunayo ukuze uzibambe ukuze ugqibezele ividiyo. Ukudala enye ukusuka ekuqaleni kudla ixesha kwaye akuyomfuneko; kukho iindidi zeetemplates ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi eziya kukuvumela ngokulula ukuba wenze uluhlu kwimveliso yakho ethile.

Ukuba udubula ukusasaza, jonga uluhlu oluthile losasazo olukuvumela ukuba uchaze izinto eziphambili ezinje ngee-engile zekhamera, ubungakanani bokudubula, isalathiso (icala okanye i-docking), isisombululo, izivumelwano kunye namabakala ombala. Qinisekisa ukuba wenza ikopi yokugcina ye template ukuze ungaqalisi ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle.

Ukufumana ukuhluma okuzimeleyo okunje ngeevidiyo zomculo okanye imveliso yemuvi, khangela iitemplates ezibanzi ezigxile kumdlalo kunye nokwakhiwa kwendawo. Qinisekisa ukuba wongeza iikholamu ezongezelelweyo ezichaza isenzo kunye nenkuthazo yabalinganiswa kwindawo nganye - ezi zinokuba ngamanqaku amafutshane encoko yababini okanye iinkcazo zesimbo sencwadi ehlekisayo ezinokuba luncedo xa ucwangcisa imiboniso entsonkothileyo enabalinganiswa abaninzi kuyo. Ekugqibeleni, ukwabela amanani ephepha kwifom yekholomu kwenza intlangano ibe lula xa utsiba phakathi kokuthatha kunye nemiboniso ngexesha lemveliso.

Beka phambili iiShots

Xa usenza uluhlu lokudubula, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili izithonga zakho ngokokubaluleka. Qala ngokumisela ukuba ingaba isiganeko osidubulayo siyimfuneko ekuqhubeleni phambili ibali okanye hayi. Ukuba kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba ezo zithonga zigxininise kwaye zibeke phambili ezo zinokupheliswa ukuba ziyafuneka.

Okulandelayo, jonga ukuba zeziphi ii-engile eziya kusebenza kakhulu ekudluliseni ibali okanye imo ozama ukuyibonisa ngokubonwayo. Thatha isigqibo malunga naso nasiphi na isixhobo onokuthi usifune kukudubula okukhethekileyo kwaye ubeke ixesha elongezelelweyo lokuseta kunye nokulungiselela umfanekiso ngamnye phambi kokuba kuqale ukufotwa.

Okokugqibela, gcina imiqobo yexesha engqondweni kwaye ucwangcise ukuba lingakanani ixesha eliya kulithatha ngokwenyani ukufezekisa i-engile nganye kunye nokugubungela zonke iingoma eziphambili ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi. Ngokucwangcisa kwangaphambili, uya kunciphisa iziphazamiso ngomhla wokudubula, uphephe ukungxama xa uzama ukuvelisa izinto ezibonakalayo ezisemgangathweni kwaye uhlale usebenza kakuhle ngemigudu yabasebenzi bakho.

Yiba Bhetyebhetye

Xa udala uluhlu lokudubula, kubalulekile ukuguquguquka. Abaphulaphuli banokukhetha okwahlukileyo kunye nolindelo xa kufikwa kwividiyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo incasa yedemografi efunwayo.

Kuyafuneka ukuba ulinganise ngononophelo zonke izinto zebhodi yamabali kunye noluhlu lokudubula ukuze wenze imveliso eguquguqukayo. Endaweni yokubotshelelwa kwisicwangciso, abenzi bhanyabhanya kufuneka bajonge ekuthatheni imingcipheko kunye nokwenza izinto ezintsha kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso yefilim yabo njengoko benokwenza igcisa kuyo nayiphi na indlela. Ukungabambeleli ngokusondeleyo kwisicwangciso esimiselweyo kunokukhuthaza abenzi befilimu ukuba bathathe kumava okanye kwiimbono ezizodwa ezinokuthi zinganakwa okanye zilityalwe ngenxa yemihla emiselweyo okanye ingcamango esele ibekwe ngaphambili.

Ngokuhlala bebhetyebhetye, abenzi befilimu banokuhlala beyiyile kwaye banokuthi bothuse abaphulaphuli abacetyiweyo ngeeshoti ezenziwe kakuhle ezongeza iziphumo kunye nolonwabo ngokubanzi lwamava okubukela. Ukugcina ingqondo evulekileyo kunceda wonke umntu obandakanyekayo ukuba akhule kwiimbono ezintsha ezikhokelela wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kufutshane ekuphuculeni ukubaliswa kwamabali ngaphakathi kwemifanekiso yabo eshukumayo - ukudala iziphumo ezibonakalayo zababukeli bhanyabhanya ngokusebenzisa iindawo zokuyila ezingachazwanga kwiingcali zokuvelisa ividiyo ngokufanayo.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, uluhlu lokudubula luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemveliso yevidiyo. Kuyanceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izithonga eziyimfuneko ziyabanjwa phambi kokuba inkqubo yokufota isonge ngokusemthethweni. Uluhlu lokudubula lusebenza ngokuhambelana nebhodi yamabali kunye/okanye elishicilelwe, ukubonelela ngesalathiso esibonakalayo malunga nokuba zeziphi izithonga ekufuneka zithathwe ngexesha ngalinye. Le mephu ibonwayo inceda wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kwiprojekthi ukuba ahlale egxile kwaye ahlale endleleni ukuze inkqubo yokuhlela ihambe kakuhle, ngaphandle kweminye imifanekiso eyongezelelweyo efunekayo. Ngeengile ezininzi zekhamera kunye neeprops ezibandakanyiweyo kwiividiyo ezininzi kwezi ntsuku, uluhlu lokudubula lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba yonke into efunekayo ekunqunyulweni kokugqibela ilungele usuku lwemveliso.

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.