Kuyini I-Cut-Out Animation futhi Isebenza Kanjani?

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2023

I-Cutout animation iwuhlobo lwe misa izithombe ezinyakazayo lapho abalingisi nezigcawu zenziwa khona ngokusikwa futhi zihanjiswe endaweni eyisicaba. Kuyindlela enhle yokudala ukugqwayiza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali eningi ezintweni ezibizayo imishini yokugqwayiza (nakhu obungakudinga ngenye indlela).

Ukudala Ubuciko: Ubuciko Bokugqwayiza Okusikiwe

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuvumela inhlobonhlobo yamathuba okudala, futhi ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye namasu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kumphumela wokugcina. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:

1. Izinto: Nakuba iphepha liyindlela evamile yokukhetha opopayi abasikiwe, ezinye izinto ezifana ne-cardstock, indwangu, noma ipulasitiki elincanyana lingasetshenziswa. Uhlobo lwezinto ezikhethiwe luncike kumphumela oyifunayo kanye nezinga lokuqina elidingekayo.

2. Amasu: Amasu ahlukene angasetshenziswa ukudala imiphumela ehlukahlukene ekugqwayizeni okusikiwe. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ama-cut-outs anombala omnyama ngokumelene nengemuva elikhanyayo kungadala umphumela we-silhouette, kuyilapho ukusebenzisa ama-cut-outs anombala ofanelekile kungemuva elimnyama kungaveza ukugqama okumangalisayo.

3. Amathuluzi Ochwepheshe: Kulabo abafuna ukuyisa izithombe zabo ezinyakazayo ezisikiwe ezingeni lochwepheshe, amathuluzi akhethekile afana nemimese enembile, omaka bokusika, nezixhumi zezintambo kungaba usizo. Lawa mathuluzi avumela ukunyakaza okunembe kakhudlwana kanye nemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi.

4. Intuthuko Yesimanje: Ngokufika kobuchwepheshe bedijithali, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuye kwashintsha ukuze kuhlanganiswe nesofthiwe yokuhlela yedijithali. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhohliswa okulula kozimele, ukungezwa kwemiphumela yomsindo, kanye nekhono lokwenza izinguquko ngaphandle kokuqala kusukela ekuqaleni.

Okude Nokufushane Kwaso: Isikhathi Nesineke

Ukudala upopayi osikiwe kungaba inqubo edla isikhathi, njengoba kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela kwemininingwane nokubekezela. Umsebenzi omningi usekulungiseni nasekusetshenzisweni kohlaka ngalunye, okungathatha amahora noma izinsuku kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi bokugqwayiza.

Nokho, ubuhle bopopayi abasikiwe bulele ekusebenzisaneni kwezinto ezihlukahlukene. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udala ukugqwayiza okufushane, okulula noma ucezu olude, oluyinkimbinkimbi, inqubo ingenziwa ifanele izidingo zakho kanye nomphumela oyifunayo.

Ukuvela Kwezithombe Ezinyakazayo

Umlando wokugqwayiza okusikiwe wuhambo oluhehayo olusibuyisela emuva ezinsukwini zokuqala zokugqwayiza. Konke kwaqala ngesifiso sokudala opopayi izinhlamvu ngokusebenzisa izingcezu zephepha noma ezinye izinto. Le ndlela emisha ivumele abapopayi ukuthi baphilise indalo yabo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Ukuzalwa Kokusikwa Kwezinhlamvu

Omunye wabantu ababalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kopopayi abasikiwe kwakunguLotte Reiniger, umlingisi wopopayi waseJalimane owaphayona ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu ze-silhouette. Ngawo-1920s, uReiniger waqala ukukhiqiza amafilimu amafushane anezici eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusikwa kwamaphepha amnyama. Umsebenzi wakhe, njengokuthi "The Adventures of Prince Achmed," ubonise ukuguquguquka kwalesi sisetshenziswa kanye nekhono laso lokudala ukunyakaza okunamandla nokungokwemvelo.

Intambo Nephepha: Izakhiwo Zokugqwayiza Ezisikiwe

Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ama-animators ayedala izinhlamvu ngokunamathisela ubujamo obuhlukahlukene kanye nezakhi ocingweni noma izingcezu ezincane zezinto. Laba balingisi babe sebebekwa endaweni futhi basetshenziswa ukuze baphile. Ushintsho oluncane ekubekweni kwezingcezu ezisikiwe luvumele ukulawula ukunyakaza komlingiswa, okwenza ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kube yindlela eguquguqukayo.

Ukusuka Okwenziwe Ngesandla kuya Kwedijithali

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kanjalo nobuciko bokusika ama-animation. Ngokufika kwamathuluzi edijithali, abapopayi bakwazile ukwenza ukugqwayiza okusikiwe besebenzisa isofthiwe elingisa inqubo yosiko eyenziwe ngesandla. Lolu shintsho olusuka ezintweni ezibonakalayo ukuya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana lwaletha amathuba amasha futhi lwathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yonkana yokugqwayiza okusikiwe.

Ukuhlola Izitayela Nezinhlobo Ezihlukene

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kusetshenziswe ngezindlela nezitayela ezahlukahlukene emlandweni wawo wonke. Kusukela emifanekisweni elula kuya ekwakhiweni kwezinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi, le nqubo ikwazile ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nemibono yobuciko. Noma ngabe ifilimu emfushane, ividiyo yomculo, noma ukuthengisa, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kufakazele ukuthi kuyindlela eguquguqukayo.

Abaculi Abakhuthazayo Naphesheya

Umthelela wopopayi osikiwe usabalale emhlabeni wonke, ukhuthaza amaciko avela emazweni ahlukene ukuthi azame ngale ndlela eyingqayizivele yokuxoxa izindaba. Emazweni anjengeRussia nePoland, ukupopayi okusikiwe sekuwuhlobo oluvelele, abenzi bamafilimu bephusha imingcele yalokho okungafezwa ngale ndlela.

Ukukhumbula Amaphayona

Njengoba singena emlandweni wokusikwa kwezithombe ezinyakazayo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula amavulandlela avula indlela yalolu hlobo lobuciko oluyingqayizivele. Kusukela ku-Lotte Reiniger kuya kuma-animators besimanje, ukuzinikela kwabo kanye nokuqamba okusha kuye kwalungisa indlela esibona ngayo futhi siyakwazisa ukugqwayiza namuhla.

Ukukhipha Umlingo: Izici Zopopayi Osikiwe

1. I-animation in Motion: Iletha Izinhlamvu Ekuphileni

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kumayelana nokunyakaza. Opopayi balawula ngokucophelela ukunyakaza kwabalingisi babo, indawo nesehlakalo, ukuze bakhe ukuphila okukhohlisayo. Umlingiswa ngamunye uklanywe ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa izingcezu ezihlukene, njengezitho, izici zobuso, nama-props, abe eseshintshwa ukuze adale ukunyakaza koketshezi.

2. Ubuciko Bokulawula: Ukulawula Ubunzima

Ukulawula ukunyakaza kwezinhlamvu ezisikiwe kungaba inselele. Ngokungafani nokugqwayiza kwe-cel okuvamile, lapho izinhlamvu zidwetshwa futhi zidwetshwe ku-celluloid ekhanyelayo, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kudinga indlela ehlukile. Ama-animators kufanele ahlele ukunyakaza ngakunye kusenesikhathi, aqinisekise ukuthi izingcezu ezihlukene zihlangana ndawonye ngaphandle komthungo. Lokhu kuletha izinga eliyingqayizivele lobunkimbinkimbi kule nqubo.

3. Kuyashesha futhi Okuqhubekayo: Imikhawulo Yopopayi Osikiwe

Nakuba ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuvumela ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokuqhubekayo, kuza nokulinganiselwa kwakho. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingcezu ezidwetshwe ngaphambili nezipendwe ngaphambilini kuvimbela ububanzi bokunyakaza nokuma okungafinyelelwa abalingisi. Ama-animators kufanele asebenze ngaphakathi kwale mikhawulo ukuze bakhe izigcawu ezihehayo nezikholekayo.

4. Ukuthinta Umuntu: Ukwahlulela Kwe-animator

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuyindlela yomuntu siqu yokukhuluma. I-animator ngayinye iletha isitayela sayo kanye nombono wobuciko etafuleni. Indlela i-animator ebonisa ngayo isimo, imizwa, nokunyakaza kwabalingisi iwukubonakaliswa kombono wabo oyingqayizivele nolwazi lwabo.

5. Ukuhamba Ngalé Komkhathi: Ukudala Ukujula Nobukhulu

Nakuba ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kungase kubonakale kusicaba ekuqaleni, abapopayi abanekhono bangakha inkohliso yokujula nobukhulu. Ngokubeka izingqimba ngokucophelela nokubeka izingcezu ezisikiwe, abapopayi bangangeza intshisekelo ebonakalayo futhi benze izigcawu zabo ziphile.

6. Isipiliyoni Sezindaba: Ukubaluleka Kokwenza

Ukuba nekhono ku-animation esikwayo kudinga ukuzijwayeza nolwazi. Njengoba abapopayi belola amakhono abo, bakhulisa iso elibukhali lemininingwane kanye nokuqonda okujulile kokuthi bangenza kanjani abalingisi babo baphile. Lapho i-animator isebenza kakhulu ngokugqwayiza okusikiwe, yilapho ingakwazi khona ukuphusha imingcele yalokho okungenzeka ngaphakathi kwale ndlela eyingqayizivele.

Emhlabeni wokugqwayiza, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kugqama ngezici zakhona ezihlukile. Kusukela ekulawuleni ukunyakaza okucophelelayo kuye emikhawulweni kanye namathuba eliwavezayo, lolu hlobo lokugqwayiza luhlinzeka ngekhanvasi ehlukile yokuthi abapopayi baveze ubuhlakani babo. Ngakho-ke, bamba isikele, iglu, nomcabango wakho, bese uvumela umlingo wokugqwayiza osikiwe wenzeke phambi kwamehlo akho.

Izinzuzo Zopopayi Osikiwe

1. Ukuvumelana nezimo nokusebenza kahle

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinzuzo ezikwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile phakathi kwama-animators. Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ukuguquguquka kwayo nokusebenza kahle. Ngokugqwayiza okusikiwe, abapopayi bangakwazi ukushintsha kalula futhi babeke kabusha izici ezihlukahlukene zomlingisi noma isigcawu, ukonga isikhathi nomzamo uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqwayiza kwendabuko kozimele ngohlaka. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kanye nesikhathi esisheshayo sokushintsha, okuyenza ifaneleke kumaphrojekthi anezinsuku zokugcina eziqinile.

2. Izinhlamvu ezinemininingwane kanye nokunyakaza kwe-Fluid

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuvumela abapopayi ukuthi bakhe izinhlamvu ezinemininingwane eminingi ezinomumo nemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokusebenzisa izingcezu ezihlukene noma “amaseli” ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba, abapopayi bangakwazi ukufinyelela ileveli yemininingwane engadla isikhathi ukudweba ifremu ngohlaka. Le nqubo iphinde ivumele ukunyakaza koketshezi, njengoba amaseli ahlukene engase abekwe kabusha kalula futhi alungiswe ukuze enze ukunyakaza okufana nokuphila. Umphumela uba izinhlamvu ezihamba kahle futhi ezikholisayo, ezithuthukisa ikhwalithi iyonke yokugqwayiza.

3. Ukuvumelanisa Izindebe Ezivumelanisiwe kanye Nezimo Zobuso

Enye yezinselelo ekugqwayizeni kwendabuko ukuzuza ukuvumelanisa izindebe nezimo zobuso. Nokho, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwenza le nqubo ibe lula. Ngokusebenzisa umumo womlomo odwetshwe ngaphambili nesimo sobuso kumaseli ahlukene, abapopayi bangakwazi ukuwashintsha kalula ukuze afane nengxoxo noma imizwa yabalingisi. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi ukunyakaza kwezindebe zabalingisi kanye nesimo sobuso kuyavumelana nomsindo, kwengeza ungqimba lwamaqiniso futhi kuthuthukise ukuxoxa.

4. Ukuhlanganisa umsindo

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kuhlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo nomsindo, okuvumela abapopayi ukuthi bavumelanise okubonakalayo kwabo nezimpawu zomsindo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingxoxo, umculo, noma imiphumela yomsindo, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunikeza inkundla yesikhathi esinembile nokuxhumana. Ama-animator angakwazi ukufanisa kalula ukunyakaza nezenzo zezinhlamvu nemisindo ehambisanayo, adale umuzwa wokubuka ogxile kakhulu futhi ohehayo.

5. Ukuhlukahluka Ekuxoxeni Indaba

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunikeza amathuba okudala anhlobonhlobo okuxoxa indaba. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuvumela ama-animators ukuthi ahlole izitayela namasu okubukwayo ahlukene, ayenze ifanele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nokulandisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indaba yezingane ehlekisayo noma uhambo olumnyama nolunyantisayo, opopayi abasikiwe bangajwayelana nephimbo nesimo sendaba, bathuthukise umthelela wakho kubabukeli.

6. Isikhathi Sokukhiqiza Esincishisiwe

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqwayiza kwendabuko okudwetshwe ngesandla, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunciphisa kakhulu ubude besikhathi sokukhiqiza. Amandla okusebenzisa kabusha nokubeka kabusha ama-elementi onga isikhathi nomzamo, okuvumela ama-animators ukuthi agxile kwezinye izici zenqubo yokugqwayiza. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi anesikhathi esilinganiselwe noma isabelomali esiqinile, okuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina ulethwa ngeshejuli ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi.

Ama-drawbacks we-Cut-Out Animation

1. Idinga umsebenzi wemininingwane ngokucophelela nonzima

Ukudala upopayi osikiwe kungase kubonakale kuwumoya ohelezayo, kodwa ungakhohliswa imvelo yakhona ebonakala ilula. Nakuba inikeza izinzuzo mayelana nesikhathi nomzamo, futhi iza nesabelo sayo esifanele sezinselele. Enye yezingqinamba eziyinhloko izinga lemininingwane edingekayo ekwakhiweni nasekubunjweni kwezingcezu ezisikiwe. I-elementi ngayinye idinga ukuklanywa ngokucophelela futhi ibekwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokumelela okungokoqobo.

2. Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe

Ngokungafani nokugqwayiza kwendabuko okudwetshwe ngesandla, ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunemikhawulo yakho uma kuziwa ekuhambeni. I-animator kufanele isebenze ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yezingcezu ezisikiwe, ezingakhawulela ububanzi bokunyakaza. Lo mkhawulo ngezinye izikhathi ungakhinyabeza ubuhlakani nokushintshashintsha kokugqwayiza, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezenzweni eziyinkimbinkimbi noma amashothi wekhamera ashukumisayo.

3. Isimo sobuso nokuvumelanisa inkhulumomphendvulwano

Enye inselele ekugqwayizeni okusikiwe ilele ekuthwebuleni isimo sobuso nokusivumelanisa nengxoxo. Njengoba izingcezu ezisikiwe ziklanywe kusengaphambili, ama-animator kufanele azikhohlise ngokucophelela ukuze adlulisele imizwa efunwayo nokunyakaza kwezindebe. Le nqubo ingase idle isikhathi futhi idinga ukunakwa okucophelelayo emininingwaneni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izisho zabalingiswa zivunyelaniswa ngokunembile nengxoxo erekhodiwe noma elingisayo.

4. Izindaba ezithatha isikhathi eside

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kungase kungabi inketho ekahle yezindaba ezidinga ubude besikhathi. Ngenxa yemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yenqubo, ukudala ukugqwayiza okusikiwe isikhathi eside kungase kudle isikhathi. Opopayi bazodinga ukuklama nokubeka inani elikhulu lezingcezu ezisikiwe, bakhulise umsebenzi futhi bangase banwebe umugqa wesikhathi wokukhiqiza.

5. Ikhwalithi yesithombe enomkhawulo

Nakuba ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kunikeza izinzuzo ngokusebenza kahle, kunemikhawulo uma kuziwa kukhwalithi yesithombe. Imvelo yokugqwayiza okusikiwe ngokuvamile iphumela ekubukekeni okupholishiwe kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqwayiza kwe-cel okuvamile noma ukugqwayiza kwedijithali kwe-2D. Imiphetho yezingcezu ezisikiwe ingase ingabi bushelelezi, futhi ubuhle obubonakalayo buphelele bungase buntule izinga elifanayo lemininingwane nokujula.

Kuyini ukugqwayiza kokusikwa kwedijithali?

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwedijithali kuwuhlobo lwesimanje lokugqwayiza olubandakanya ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yekhompuyutha ukuze udale ukulandelana okugqwayizayo. Kuyindlela ethole ukuduma eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle embonini yezopopayi. Lesi sitayela sokugqwayiza sivumela amaciko ukuthi enze imiklamo yawo iphile ngendlela eyingqayizivele nehehayo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Digital Cut-out Animation?

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwedijithali kusebenza ngokusebenzisa inani lezinto ezincane, ezihlukene noma izimo ezibekwe futhi zinamathiselwe ndawonye ukuze kwakhelwe izinhlamvu, izinto, nesizinda. Lezi zici zifana nezingcezu ezisikiwe ezisetshenziswa kupopayi oyisikiwe ongokwesiko, kodwa esikhundleni sokuzinamathisela ngokoqobo noma ukuhlanganisa izintambo, zixhunywe ngedijithali kusetshenziswa isofthiwe.

Inqubo yokudala upopayi osikiwe wedijithali ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa:

1. Idizayini: Umdwebi unquma ngemiklamo yokugcina yabalingiswa, izinto, kanye nesizinda. Lesi sinyathelo sibalulekile njengoba sisetha isitayela sonke kanye nethoni yokugqwayiza.

2. Izingxenye Ezisikiwe: Umdwebi udala izici ezingazodwana noma umumo ozosetshenziswa ekugqwayizeni. Lezi zingasukela kumajamo wejiyomethri alula ziye ezingxenyeni zezinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinemininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi. Kungcono ukudala lezi zinto kungemuva elimnyama ukuze uthuthukise ukubonakala phakathi nenqubo yokugqwayiza.

3. Isofthiwe: Isofthiwe evamile yokugqwayiza noma ithuluzi elithile lokugqwayiza elisikiwe lisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izinto ezingazodwana ndawonye. Le softhiwe ivumela umdwebi ukuthi alawule kalula futhi aphilise izakhi, azinikeze ukuphila nokunyakaza.

4. Ukuxhumanisa Izakhi: Umdwebi unquma ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zezinhlamvu noma izinto zizoxhunywa kanjani. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene, njengokunamathisela izakhi nge-virtual "glue" noma ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elifana nocingo ukuzixhuma.

5. Ukugqwayiza: Uma izinto sezixhunyiwe, umdwebi angaqala ukugqwayiza izinhlamvu noma izinto. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhambisa ama-elementi angawodwana ngokulandelana kwamafreyimu ukuze adale inkohliso yokunyakaza.

6. Imininingwane Eyengeziwe: Ngokuya ngesitayela esifiselekayo nobunkimbinkimbi bopopayi, imininingwane eyengeziwe ingangezwa kuzakhi ngazinye. Lesi sinyathelo sivumela umdwebi ukuthi engeze ukujula, ukuthungwa, nezinye izithuthukisi ezibonakalayo kupopayi.

Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Digital Cut-out Animation kanye Nopopayi Wokusikwa Kwendabuko

Ngenkathi ukugqwayiza kwe-digital cut-out kwabelana ngokufana nokugqwayiza kwendabuko okusikiwe, kunomehluko obalulekile:

• Ukugeleza komsebenzi: Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwedijithali kuncike kusofthiwe namathuluzi edijithali, kuyilapho ukugqwayiza okungokwesiko okusikiwe kuhilela ukukhohlisa iphepha noma ezinye izinto.

• Ukuhlela: Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwedijithali kuvumela ukuhlela kalula nokulungiswa, kuyilapho ukugqwayiza okujwayelekile okusikiwe kudinga umsebenzi owengeziwe owenziwe ngesandla ukwenza izinguquko.

• Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi: Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kwedijithali kungaphatha ukunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemiphumela yokubuka uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqwayiza kwesiko lokusika.

• Izinhlobonhlobo: Upopayi osikiwe wedijithali unikeza izinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi zezitayela namasu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamathuluzi edijithali.

Ukufundisa Ubuciko Bokubekezela: Kuthatha Isikhathi Esingakanani Ukugqwayiza?

Uma kukhulunywa ngokugqwayiza okusikiwe, isikhathi siwumongo. Njengomuntu othanda ukugqwayiza, ungase uzithole uzibuza ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwenza okudaliwe kwakho kuphile. Hhayi-ke, mngane wami, impendulo yalowo mbuzo ayiqondile njengoba ungathemba. Ubude besikhathi sokugqwayiza okusikiwe bungahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezimbalwa. Ake singene emininingwaneni ye-nitty-gritty:

Ubunkimbinkimbi beProjekthi

Enye yezinto eziyinhloko ezithonya isikhathi esisithathayo ukuqedela ukugqwayiza okusikiwe ubunkimbinkimbi bephrojekthi ngokwayo. Uma izinhlamvu nezizinda zakho ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zinemininingwane eminingi, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuzenza ziphile. Isici ngasinye ku-animation yakho sidinga ukukhohliswa ngokucophelela nokumiswa, okungaba inqubo edla isikhathi.

Isipiliyoni kanye nezinga Lamakhono

Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lobuciko, uma unolwazi oluthe xaxa nekhono njengomthwebuli wezithombe, yilapho uzokwazi ukuqedela amaphrojekthi akho ngokushesha. Ama-animators asesizini athuthukise amasu awo futhi athuthukisa ukugeleza komsebenzi okusebenzayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okubavumela ukuthi basebenze ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, uma usaqala, ungadangali uma amaphrojekthi akho ambalwa okuqala ethatha isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile. Ngokuzijwayeza, uzoba isilekeleli sokugqwayiza esisikiwe ngokushesha.

Ukusebenzisana Kweqembu

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kungaba umzamo wokusebenzisana, onama-animation amaningi asebenza ndawonye ukuze enze iphrojekthi iphile. Uma unenhlanhla yokuba neqembu labantu abanekhono eceleni kwakho, ubude bokugqwayiza bakho bungancipha kakhulu. Ilungu ngalinye leqembu lingagxila ezicini ezihlukene zephrojekthi, kusheshiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza iyonke.

Isofthiwe namathuluzi

Ukukhethwa kwesofthiwe namathuluzi nakho kungathinta isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze udale ukugqwayiza okusikiwe. Enye isofthiwe yokugqwayiza inikeza izici nezinqamuleli ezingahle yenze inqubo ibe lula, iyenze isheshe futhi isebenze kahle. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afana nezifanekiso ezenziwe ngaphambilini noma amasistimu okukhwabanisa kungakongela isikhathi esiyigugu ngokwenza imisebenzi ethile ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ukubekezela kuyinto enhle

Manje, ake sehlele embuzweni ovuthayo: kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukugqwayiza okusikiwe? Hhayi-ke, ayikho impendulo elingana yonke. Ubude besikhathi bungasukela emahoreni ambalwa kuphrojekthi elula kuye emavikini ambalwa noma ngisho nezinyanga zemizamo enzima kakhulu. Konke kuncike ezintweni ezishiwo ngenhla kanye nokuzinikela kwakho emsebenzini wezandla.

Ngakho-ke, mlingani wami wopopayi, bopha ibhande futhi wamukele uhambo. Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kungase kudinge isikhathi nesineke, kodwa umphumela ulingana nesekhondi ngalinye elichithiwe. Khumbula, iRoma ayakhiwanga ngosuku olulodwa, futhi awukho nomsebenzi wopopayi wobuciko odlula konke.

Ukuhlola Isofthiwe Yomhlaba Ye-Cutout Animation

1. I-Toon Boom Harmony

Uma uzimisele ngokutshuza emhlabeni wokugqwayiza okusikiwe, i-Toon Boom Harmony isofthiwe okufanele ibe ku-radar yakho. Ithuluzi elinamandla elisetshenziswa ochwepheshe embonini yokugqwayiza futhi linikeza izici eziningi ezahlukahlukene ukuze ulethe abalingisi bakho abasikiwe baphile. Ngokusebenzelana kwayo okunembile nokusebenza okuqinile, i-Toon Boom Harmony ikuvumela ukuthi udale izithombe ezinyakazayo ezibushelelezi nezingenamthungo kalula.

2. I-Adobe After Effects

Kulabo asebejwayelene ne-Adobe's suite yesofthiwe yokudala, i-Adobe After Effects ingaba yisinqumo esihle sokwenza izithombe ezisikiwe. Le softhiwe enemisebenzi eminingi isetshenziswa kakhulu kwimifanekiso enyakazayo nemiphumela ebonakalayo, futhi ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi nezici eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukugqwayiza kokusika. Ngomtapo wayo obanzi wemiphumela nama-plugin, ungakwazi ukwengeza ukujula nokupholisha ezinhlamvu zakho zokusika, uzinikeze ukuthinta okuphrofeshinali.

3. UMoho (owayekade eyi-Anime Studio)

I-Moho, phambilini eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Anime Studio, ingenye inketho yesoftware ethandwayo yokudala ukugqwayiza kokusika. Inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula kanye nohlu lwezici ezinamandla ezihambisana nezidingo zama- cutout animator. I-Moho ihlinzeka ngesistimu yokugenca amathambo ekuvumela ukuthi ulawule kalula futhi uphilise izinhlamvu zakho zokusika, uzinikeze umnyakazo nezinkulumo eziwuketshezi. Iphinde inikeze izinhlobonhlobo zezimpahla ezenziwe ngaphambilini nezifanekiso ukukusiza ukuthi uqalise ngokushesha.

4. I-OpenToonz

Uma ufuna inketho yamahhala nemithombo evulekile, i-OpenToonz kufanele icatshangelwe. Ithuthukiswe i-Studio Ghibli kanye ne-Digital Video, le softhiwe inikeza isethi ephelele yamathuluzi okudala ukugqwayiza okusikiwe. Nakuba ingase ingabi nalo izinga elifanayo lokupholisha njengezinye zezinketho ezikhokhelwayo, i-OpenToonz isahlinzeka ngenkundla eqinile yokwenza izinhlamvu zakho zokusika ziphile. Inikeza izici ezifana nokuzenzakalela phakathi-phakathi, ezingakongela isikhathi nomzamo enqubweni yokugqwayiza.

5. I-Dragonframe

Ngenkathi i-Dragonframe yaziwa kakhulu ngamakhono ayo wokugqwayiza kokuma, ingaphinda isetshenziselwe ukugqwayiza kokusika. Le softhiwe isetshenziswa kakhulu ama-animators angochwepheshe futhi inikeza ukulawula okunembile phezu kwenqubo yokugqwayiza. Nge-Dragonframe, ungakwazi ukudala kalula futhi ulawule izinhlamvu ezisikiwe ngohlaka, uqinisekise ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokusamanzi. Iphinde inikeze izici ezinjengokuhlinza u-anyanisi nokulawula ikhamera, okukuvumela ukuthi ushune kahle ukugqwayiza kwakho ngokunemba.

6. Ipensela2D

Kulabo abasanda kuqala noma abasebenzisa isabelomali esiqinile, i-Pencil2D iyisofthiwe yamahhala futhi evulekile engaba inketho enhle. Yize ingahle ingabi nazo zonke izinsimbi nezimpempe zesoftware ethuthuke kakhulu, i-Pencil2D inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esilula nesinembile sokudala ukugqwayiza kokusika. Inikeza amathuluzi ayisisekelo okudweba nawopopayi, okukuvumela ukuthi uphilise izinhlamvu zakho zokusika kalula. Kuyinketho enhle kwabaqalayo noma labo abafuna ukuzama ukugqwayiza kokusika ngaphandle kokutshala imali kusoftware ebizayo.

Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unguchwepheshe noma usaqala ukuhlola umhlaba wokugqwayiza kwe-cutout, kunezinketho eziningi zesofthiwe ezitholakalayo ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zakho nesabelomali. Kusukela kumathuluzi ajwayelekile embonini afana ne-Toon Boom Harmony ne-Adobe After Effects kuya kuzinketho zamahhala ezifana ne-OpenToonz ne-Pencil2D, ukukhetha kungokwakho. Ngakho-ke qhubeka, vula ubuhlakani bakho, futhi wenze izinhlamvu zakho zokusika ziphile ngamandla esoftware yokupopayi!

Ukuhlola Umhlaba Wezithombe Ezinyakazayo: Izibonelo Ezikhuthazayo

1. “Ipaki yaseNingizimu”- Amaphayona Opopayi Abasikiwe

Uma kukhulunywa ngopopayi abasikiwe, umuntu akanakuziba uchungechunge olusafufusa oluthi “South Park.” Idalwe ngu-Trey Parker no-Matt Stone, lo mdlalo ongenanhlonipho ubulokhu ujabulisa izethameli kusukela ngo-1997. Besebenzisa ukunqanyulwa kwephepha lokwakha nezindlela zokuma-motion, abadali baphilisa izigigaba zabafana abane abanemilomo engcolile edolobheni eliqanjiwe lase-South Park, e-Colorado. .

Amaphuzu avelele e-"South Park" afaka:

• Imiklamo yezinhlamvu ezilula kodwa ezivezayo
• Ukuguqulwa kokukhiqiza okusheshayo, okuvumela ukuphawula komphakathi okufika ngesikhathi
• Amahlaya nokubhuqa okungajwayelekile

2. "UMariya noMax"- Inganekwane Ethinta Ubuhlobo Bobungani

I-“Mary and Max” ifilimu yokuma ethokozisayo ebonisa kahle amandla okugqwayiza okusikiwe. Uqondiswa u-Adam Elliot, lo msebenzi wobumba wobuciko wase-Australia ulandisa indaba yobungane obungalindelekile phakathi kukaMary, intombazane encane enesizungu yaseMelbourne, kanye noMax, indoda eneminyaka ephakathi ene-Asperger's syndrome yaseNew York City.

Izici eziphawulekayo ze-"Mary and Max" zifaka:

• Ukunaka okungenakuqhathaniswa emininingwaneni ekwakhiweni kwezinhlamvu nokwakhiwa kwesethi
• Ukulandisa okudabukisayo nokuthinta imizwa
• Ukusetshenziswa kwephalethi yombala othulisiwe ukuze kuvuse umuzwa we-melancholy

3. “Izigigaba zikaPrince Achmed”- I-Cutout Animation Classic

Ikhishwe ngo-1926, "I-Adventures of Prince Achmed" ithathwa njengefilimu endala kunazo zonke esaphila. Iqondiswa u-Lotte Reiniger, le filimu yaseJalimane ibonisa ubuhle obumangalisayo bokusikwa kwesithombe esinyakazayo. Uhlaka ngalunye lwaklanywa ngobunono ngesandla, okuholele ekuhlangenwe nakho okubukeka okumangalisayo nomlingo.

Amaphuzu avelele we-"The Adventures of Prince Achmed" afaka:

• Ukusetshenziswa okusha kwama-silhouette cutouts ukudala izinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi nezindawo
• Indaba ehehayo egqugquzelwe izinganekwane zase-Arabian Nights
• Amasu ahlabayo avule indlela yezitayela zopopayi zesikhathi esizayo

4. "Izigigaba Eziyimfihlo Zethupha lika-Tom"- Okumnyama kanye ne-Surreal

I-"The Secret Adventures of Tom Thumb" ifilimu yase-British stop-motion ephusha imingcele yokugqwayiza okusikiwe. Iqondiswa u-Dave Borthwick, le nganekwane emnyama ne-surreal ilandela ukuzidela komfana olingana nesithupha ogama lakhe lingu-Tom Thumb emhlabeni we-dystopian.

Izici ezibalulekile ze-"The Secret Adventures of Tom Thumb" zifaka:

• Amasu opopayi okuhlola, ukuhlanganisa isenzo esibukhoma kanye nopopayi
• Indaba ecasulayo futhi ecabangayo
• Isitayela sokubukwa esiyingqayizivele esihlanganisa izici ezimangalisayo nezimangalisayo

5. "I-Triplets yase-Belleville"- Eyamangazayo Nomculo

I-"The Triplets of Belleville" ifilimu yopopayi yase-French-Belgian ebonisa ubuhle bokugqwayiza kokusika. Iqondiswa ngu-Sylvain Chomet, le filimu ehlekisayo nengalungile ixoxa indaba ka-Madame Souza, inja yakhe ethembekile u-Bruno, kanye nama-triple aculayo angama-triple njengoba bethatha uhambo lokuhlenga umzukulu wakhe othunjiwe.

Izici eziphawulekayo ze "The Triplets of Belleville" zifaka:

• Isitayela esibonakalayo esihlukile esikhuthazwe izincwadi zamahlaya zesiFulentshi nesiko le-jazz
• Iculo elihehayo elihlanganisa kalula nokugqwayiza
• Inkhulumomphendvulwano encane, encike ekubukeni okuvezayo ukudlulisa indaba

Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuguquguquka namandla okudala okugqwayiza kokusika. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amahlaya angahloniphi “Epaki YaseNingizimu,” ukujula kwemizwelo “ka-Mary no-Max,” noma amasu amasha “Ezigigaba Zase-Prince Achmed,” opopayi abasikiwe bayaqhubeka nokudonsa izethameli ngobuhle bayo obuhlukile nokuxoxa izindaba.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nezithombe Ezinyakazayo

Ekugqwayizeni okusikiwe, izinto ezahlukahlukene zingasetshenziswa ukwenza abalingiswa nezigcawu ziphile. Ezinye izinto ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Ikhadibhodi: Le nto eqinile ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo sabalingiswa nama-props.
• Iphepha: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zephepha, njengephepha elinemibala noma elithungwe, zingasetshenziswa ukwengeza ukujula nemininingwane kupopayi.
• Igwebu: Amashidi egwebu noma amabhulokhi angasetshenziswa ukudala izakhi ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu noma ukwengeza ukuthungwa ezinhlamvu.
• Indwangu: Izingcezu zendwangu zingasetshenziswa ukudala izingubo noma ezinye izinto ezithambile ku-animation.
• Intambo: Intambo ezacile ingasetshenziswa ukudala ama-armatures noma ukunikeza ukusekelwa kwezinhlamvu.

Yiziphi izinyathelo ezihilelekile ekwenzeni upopayi osikiwe?

Ukudala upopayi osikiwe kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

1. Idizayini Yomlingiswa: Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuklama abalingisi nama-props azosetshenziswa ku-animation. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokudweba ngesandla noma ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yedijithali.
2. Ukusika: Uma imiklamo isiqediwe, abalingiswa nama-props bayasikwa ezintweni ezikhethiwe.
3. Ukuxhuma Izingcezu: Izingxenye ezihlukene zezinhlamvu zixhunywe kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukahlukene, njengeglue, itheyiphu, noma izixhumi ezincane.
4. Ukusethwa Kwezithombe Ezinyakazayo: Izinhlamvu zibekwe ngemuva noma isethi, futhi noma yiziphi izici ezengeziwe, njengezindawo zasesiteji noma indawo, ziyengezwa.
5. Ukudubula: I-animation ithathwa ngokuthatha uchungechunge lwezithombe noma kusetshenziswa i- ikhamera yevidiyo (engcono kakhulu lapha). Uhlaka ngalunye lulungiswa kancane ukuze ludale inkohliso yokunyakaza.
6. Ukuhlela: Amafreyimu athwetshuliwe ahlelwa ndawonye ukuze akhe ukugqwayiza okungenazihibe. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe efana ne-Adobe After Effects noma i-Dragonframe.
7. Umsindo Nemiphumela: Imiphumela yomsindo, umculo, kanye nemiphumela yokubukwa eyengeziwe ingangezwa ukuthuthukisa ukugqwayiza.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukudala ukugqwayiza okusikiwe?

Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze udale ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kungahluka kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi bephrojekthi nolwazi lwe-animator. Ukugqwayiza okulula okunezinhlamvu ezimbalwa kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuqedwa, kuyilapho ukugqwayiza okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okunemifanekiso eyinkimbinkimbi nemiphumela ekhethekile kungathatha amaviki noma ngisho izinyanga.

Ingabe ukugqwayiza okusikiwe kubiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokugqwayiza kwendabuko?

I-Cut out animation inikeza enye indlela engabizi kakhulu kumasu opopayi endabuko. Nakuba ukugqwayiza kwendabuko kuvame ukudinga ithimba elikhulu lamaciko nezinto zokusebenza ezibizayo, ukusika izithombe ezinyakazayo kungenziwa ngokusetha isitudiyo esincane nezinto eziyisisekelo. Lokhu kuyenza ibe inketho efinyeleleka kakhudlwana kuma-animators azimele noma lawo anebhajethi elinganiselwe.

Yiziphi izitayela namasu ahlukene wokugqwayiza okusikiwe?

I-Cut out animation inikezela ngezitayela namasu anhlobonhlobo, kuye ngenhloso nombono wobuciko we-animator. Ezinye izitayela ezidumile zifaka:

• I-Traditional Cut Out: Lesi sitayela sibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu eziyisicaba, ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nama-props anyakaziswa uhlaka ngohlaka.
• I-Puppet Cut Out: Ngalesi sitayela, abalingiswa banamathiselwe kuma-armatures noma izintambo, okuvumela ukunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuma.
• I-Silhouette Cut Out: I-Silhouette cut out i-silhouette igxile ekudaleni ukugqwayiza kusetshenziswa kuphela uhlaka noma izithunzi zabalingiswa, ikunikeza ukubukeka okuhlukile nokunobuciko.
• I-Musical Cut Out: Lesi sitayela sihlanganisa ukugqwayiza okusikiwe nezinto zomculo, njengokunyakaza okuvumelanisiwe noma ukulandelana okuhleliwe.

I-Cut out animation inikezela ngendlela engabizi kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo yokwenza izindaba ziphile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu osaqalayo noma u-animator onolwazi, le nqubo ihlinzeka ngamathuba angapheli obuciko nokuxoxa indaba. Ngakho-ke bamba isikele, iglu, nomcabango wakho, bese uqala ukwakha owakho ubuciko bokugqwayiza obusikiwe!

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke usunakho- ukugqwayiza kwe-cutout kuyindlela enhle yokwenza umcabango wakho uphile. Kuyinqubo enhle edla isikhathi, kodwa umphumela uyakufanelekela. 

Ungasebenzisa i-cutout animation ukuze udale cishe noma yini, kusukela emakhathuni alula kuya ezinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi nezigcawu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuzama!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.