Iyini ikhamera ye-DSLR? Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezithombe Zedijithali

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: July 9, 2022

Iyini i-DSLR? I-DSLR iyi-reflex yelensi eyodwa yedijithali ikhamera, uhlobo lwekhamera esebenzisa isibuko ukuze sibonise ukukhanya okuvela kulensi kuya kusitholi sokubonwayo se-optical viewfinder (OVF). Isebenzisa ilensi enenzwa ethwebula ukukhanya kuyinzwa yesithombe sedijithali.

Igama elithi DSLR limele 'I-Digital Single Lens Reflex.' Ake sijule ngokuthi kusho ukuthini lokho.

Ukunciphisa Ikhamera ye-DSLR: Ukubhekisisa Ithuluzi Lochwepheshe Eliyinhloko

Ngakho-ke, uzwile umsindo mayelana namakhamera e-DSLR futhi uyafisa ukwazi ukuthi yini yonke le ngxabano. Hhayi-ke, ufikile endaweni efanele! Masingene singene emhlabeni wama-DSLR futhi sembule izimfihlakalo ezingemuva kwala mathuluzi anamandla ezithombe.

Iyini Kahle Ikhamera ye-DSLR?

I-DSLR, emfushane ye-Digital Single-Lens Reflex, iwuhlobo lwekhamera olukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu ngokulawula okuphakeme nokuvumelana nezimo. Ngokungafani nozakwabo bamaphoyinti bese bedubula, ama-DSLR enzelwe labo abafuna ukuyisa izithombe zabo ezingeni elilandelayo.

Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zekhamera ye-DSLR

Ukuze uqonde ngempela ukuthi i-DSLR isebenza kanjani, kubalulekile ukuzijwayeza ngezingxenye zayo ezibalulekile. Nazi izingxenye eziyinhloko ozozithola kumiklamo eminingi ye-DSLR:

• Umzimba: Lena ingxenye eyinhloko yekhamera egcina zonke izakhi zangaphakathi nezilawuli. Imizimba ye-DSLR iza ngezinhlobo nosayizi abahlukahlukene, kusukela emincane futhi ihlangene iye enkulu futhi esindayo, kuye ngezidingo zakho nokuncamelayo.
• Ilensi: Ilensi iso lekhamera, evumela ukukhanya kudlule futhi kushaye inzwa yekhamera. Ama-DSLR anikezela ngezinketho eziningi zamalensi, akunikeza amandla okukhetha elungile ngomphumela oyifunayo.
• Inzwa: Inzwa iyinhliziyo ye-DSLR, ithwebula ukukhanya okungena ngelensi futhi ikuguqulele kusithombe sedijithali. Ama-DSLR ngokuvamile anezinzwa ezinkulu kunamakhamera akhomba bese edubula, okuholela kukhwalithi yesithombe engcono nomsindo oncishisiwe.
• Isibuko: Esinye sezici ezichazayo ze-DSLR indlela yesibuko. Uma ubuka ngesitholi sokubuka, isibuko sibonisa isithombe esiza ngelensi singene esikrinini esigxilile, sikuvumela ukuthi ubone kahle ukuthi ikhamera ibonani.
• I-Viewfinder: Isitholi sokubuka siyiwindi obhala ngalo isithombe sakho. Inikeza ukubuka kwesikhathi sangempela kwesigcawu, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze izinguquko futhi uthwebule isikhathi esihle kakhulu.

Ukukhetha Ikhamera Yesokudla ye-DSLR

Uma usukulungele ukuthatha uhambo futhi utshale imali kukhamera ye-DSLR, kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele uzicabangele ngaphambi kokuthenga kwakho. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule:

• Ibhajethi: Nquma ukuthi yimalini ozimisele ukuyisebenzisa, njengoba amakhamera e-DSLR engasukela kumamodeli athengekayo ezinga lokungena kuye ezinkethweni zochwepheshe ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
• Ibhrendi: Cwaninga amabhrendi ahlukene neminikelo yawo ukuze uthole leyo evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho nokuncamelayo.
• Izici: Cabangela izici ezithile ozifunayo kukhamera, njengamandla evidiyo, ukuxhumeka kwe-Wi-Fi, noma isikrini esizungezayo.
• Usayizi Nesisindo: Cabanga ngokuthi ukhetha umzimba ohlangene futhi ongasindi noma umklamo omkhulu, oqine kakhulu.
• Osaqalayo noma Onolwazi: Hlola izinga lakho lekhono bese ukhetha ikhamera engalungiswa ngokwamakhono akho amanje kuyilapho ivumela indawo yokukhula.

Ikhamera ye-DSLR: Ithuluzi Lakho Lokudala

Sengiphetha, ikhamera ye-DSLR ayilona nje ucezu lwemishini; kuyisango lokungena ezweni lamathuba angapheli. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu osaqalayo ofuna ukufunda izintambo noma umthwebuli wezithombe ofuna ukusunduza imingcele yobuhlakani bakho, ikhamera ye-DSLR iyithuluzi eliphelele lokukusiza ukuthi uthwebule lezo zikhathi ezikhethekile futhi udale ubuciko obubonakalayo obumangalisayo. Ngakho-ke, uma usukulungele ukuyisa izithombe zakho ezingeni elilandelayo, ungaphuthelwa yithuba lokubamba i-DSLR futhi uqale uhambo lwakho namuhla!

Ukuqopha i-DSLR: Isho ukuthini i-DSLR?

Ah, umhlaba ongaqondakali wama-acronyms ezithombe. Lapho nje ucabanga ukuthi uwatholile wonke, kuza i-DSLR. Ngakho-ke, isho ukuthini i-DSLR, uyabuza? Nokho, ake singene singene emhlabeni othakazelisayo wamakhamera e-digital single-lens reflex futhi sembule incazelo yaleli gama eliyindida.

Ehlahlela Izincwadi

I-DSLR imele i-Digital Single-Lens Reflex. Igama ngalinye kulesi sifinyezo liphethe inkomba ezicini eziyingqayizivele nekhono lekhamera. Masiyihlukanise:

I-Digital:
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ama-DSLR afakwe izinzwa zedijithali ezithwebula izithombe ngefomethi yedijithali. Valelisa ezinsukwini zefilimu nama-darkrooms. Nge-DSLR, ungabuyekeza ngokushesha izithombe zakho kusikrini se-LCD sekhamera futhi uze uzidlulisele kukhompyutha yakho ukuze zihlelwe futhi wabelane ngazo.

Ilensi eyodwa:
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zekhamera ezingase zibe namalensi amaningi, ama-DSLR asebenzisa ilensi eyodwa ukuze athwebule izithombe. Le lensi iyashintsheka, ivumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bakhethe ilensi efanelekile yesigcawu noma isihloko ngasinye. Kusukela ku-engeli ebanzi ukuya ku-telephoto, amathuba awapheli.

I-Reflex:
Leli gama libhekisela kusistimu yesibuko yekhamera eyingqayizivele. Ngaphakathi kwe-DSLR, kunesibuko esibekwe phakathi kwelensi nenzwa yesithombe. Uma ubheka kusitholi sokubuka, empeleni ubona isimo esiboniswa yilesi sibuko. Uma ucindezela inkinobho yokuvala, isibuko siyaphenduka, sivumele ukukhanya kufinyelele inzwa futhi sithwebule isithombe.

Ukukhulula Amandla e-DSLR

Manje njengoba sesazi ukuthi i-DSLR imeni, ake sihlole ukuthi kungani abathwebuli bezithombe emhlabeni wonke befunga ngalawa makhamera. Nazi ezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-DSLRs:

Ikhwalithi Yesithombe:
Ama-DSLR aziwa ngekhwalithi yawo yesithombe ehlukile, ngenxa yezinzwa zawo ezinkulu. Lezi zinzwa zithwebula ukukhanya okwengeziwe, okuholela emininingwaneni ebukhali, imibala egqamile, nomsindo oncishisiwe ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi.

Isivinini kanye nokusebenza:
Ama-DSLR akhelwe isivinini. Ngamasistimu azo athuthukisiwe we-autofocus, amamodi okuqhuma okusheshayo, kanye ne-shutter lag encane, alungele ukuthwebula izifundo ezihamba ngokushesha, noma ngabe umcimbi wezemidlalo noma umdlwane odlalayo.

Ukuvumelana nezimo kanye nokudala:
Ikhono lokushintsha amalensi linikeza abasebenzisi be-DSLR ukuguquguquka okungenakuqhathaniswa. Kusukela ekuthwebuleni izindawo ezishanelayo ngelensi ene-engeli ebanzi ukuya ekusondezeni izilwane zasendle ezikude ngelensi ye-telephoto, ungakhulula ubuhlakani bakho futhi uthwebule umhlaba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene.

I-Optical Viewfinder:
Esinye sezici ezivelele zama-DSLR isitholi sabo sokubuka esibonakalayo. Ngokungafani nezitholi zokubuka ze-elekthronikhi ezitholakala kumakhamera angenazibuko, isitholi sokubuka sinikeza umbono ocacile, wesikhathi sangempela wendawo, okuvumela ukuthi ubhale izithombe zakho ngokunemba.

Ngakho-ke, Siyini Isigcawu nge-DSLRs?

Manje njengoba sesiyicacisile incazelo ye-DSLR, kuyacaca ukuthi lawa makhamera ayithuluzi elinamandla labathwebuli bezithombe bawo wonke amaleveli. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa ofuna ukuyisa izithombe zakho ezingeni elilandelayo noma uchwepheshe ofuna ikhwalithi yesithombe engaxegi, i-DSLR ingaba umngane wakho omethembayo ohambweni lwakho lwezithombe.

Ngakho-ke, bamba i-DSLR yakho, ungene emhlabeni, futhi uthwebule lezo zikhathi ongenakulibaleka ngokucacile, ubuhlakani, kanye nokuthinta iwizard yobuchwepheshe!

Ukuvela kwamakhamera we-DSLR

• Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980, ubuchwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe bebusebancane, futhi umqondo wekhamera yedijithali wawuyiphupho elikude.
• Kodwa-ke, onjiniyela abambalwa abanombono babona amandla futhi baqala ukuzama umqondo wokuhlanganisa ukwenza kube lula kobuchwepheshe bedijithali nokuguquguquka kwamakhamera endabuko e-SLR.
• Ikhamera yokuqala efana ne-DSLR, i-Kodak DCS-100, yazalwa ngo-1991. Kwakuyisilwane esikhulu, esinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-8 futhi kubiza imali encane.
• Naphezu kokushiyeka kwayo, i-DCS-100 yavula indlela yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo emhlabeni wamakhamera e-DSLR.

Inguquko Yedijithali

• Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, amakhamera e-DSLR afinyeleleka kalula futhi athengeka kalula kubathandi nabachwepheshe ngokufanayo.
• Ngo-1999, u-Nikon wethula i-Nikon D1, ikhamera yokuqala ye-DSLR eqondiswe emakethe yabathengi. Bekuyi-game-changer, enikeza inzwa engu-2.7-megapixel kanye nemodi yokuqhuma ekwazi ukuthwebula ozimele abathathu ngomzuzwana.
• ICanon, hhayi neyodwa okufanele isale, yakhipha iCanon EOS D30 ngo-2000, eyayinenzwa enesizotha engu-3.1-megapixel kodwa yanconywa ngekhwalithi yayo yesithombe.
• Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, umjaho ubuqhubeka phakathi kwabakhiqizi bamakhamera ukuphusha imingcele yobuchwepheshe be-DSLR.

Intuthuko kanye Nezintsha

• Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, amakhamera e-DSLR abone inqubekelaphambili eminingi nezinto ezintsha, okuwenza abe namandla kakhulu futhi asebenziseke kalula.
• Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa buthuthukile, okubangele ukulungiswa okuphezulu nokusebenza okungcono kokukhanya okuphansi.
• Amasistimu e-Autofocus aseshesha futhi anembe kakhudlwana, okuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bathwebule lezo zikhathi ezidlulayo ngokunemba.
• Ukwethulwa kwamakhono wevidiyo kuma-DSLR kwavula umhlaba omusha wamathuba okudala kubenzi bamafilimu nabathwebuli bevidiyo.
• Ukuxhumana okungenantambo nezixhumi ezibonakalayo zesikrini esithintwayo zenze ukwabelana nokuhlela izithombe usohambeni kube lula.

I-Anatomy ye-Digital SLR

Uma kukhulunywa ngekhamera yedijithali ye-SLR, umzimba yilapho zonke izenzo zenzeka khona. Lona ucezu lwesisetshenziswa sezinga lochwepheshe esithwebula izithombe ezimangalisayo ngezinzwa zayo zekhwalithi ephezulu nezici ezithuthukile. Ake singene ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zomzimba we-DSLR futhi sibone ukuthi yini eyenza iphawule:

• Ukwakhiwa: Imizimba ye-DSLR yakhelwe ukumelana nokuhlolwa kwesikhathi kanye nezidingo zabathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe. Aqinile futhi aqinile, aklanyelwe ukukhishwa aye enkundleni futhi alungiswe empukaneni ngaphandle kokugeja isigqi.

• Izilawuli: Ama-DSLR anikezela ngezilawuli ezibanzi zezandla, okuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi balungise izilungiselelo zabo ukuze bathwebule isithombe esihle kakhulu. Kusukela ekulungiseni indawo nesivinini sokuvala ukuya ekulawuleni i-ISO nebhalansi emhlophe, i-DSLR ikwenza ukwazi ukulawula ngokuphelele ukuthwebula kwakho.

• Inzwa: Inhliziyo ye-DSLR iyinzwa yayo, enkulu kunaleyo etholakala kumakhamera ayisisekelo akhomba nokushutha. Lo sayizi wenzwa omkhulu usho ikhwalithi yesithombe engcono, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi. Ama-DSLR aphinde abe nekhono lokuthwebula izithombe ngefomethi ye-RAW, evumela ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ekucutshungulweni kwangemuva.

I-Lens: Iwindi Lomhlaba

Ikhamera ye-DSLR ayiphelele ngaphandle kwelensi. Ilensi iyona enquma uhlobo lwesithombe ongasithwebula, noma ngabe i-landscape ene-engeli ebanzi noma isithombe esisondeziwe. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule mayelana namalensi e-DSLR:

• Izinhlobo: Kunezinketho eziningi zamalensi ezitholakalayo zama-DSLR, kusukela kumalensi ayinhloko anobude obugxilile obugxilile ukuya kumalensi wokusondeza anikeza ukuguquguquka. Amalensi ahlukene anezinjongo ezihlukene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha efanele izidingo zakho.

• Izici: Amalensi e-DSLR avame ukuza nezici ezifana nokuqiniswa kwesithombe, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuzamazama kwekhamera, nekhono elisheshayo le-autofocus. Lezi zici zingathuthukisa kakhulu umuzwa wakho wokuthatha izithombe futhi zikusize uthwebule izithombe ezibukhali, ezicacile.

• I-Mount: Amalensi e-DSLR ayashintshana, okusho ukuthi ungawakhipha kuye ngezidingo zakho zokudubula. Ikhamera ngayinye inomshini wayo wokukhweza ilensi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha amalensi ahambisana nemodeli yakho ye-DSLR ethile.

I-Viewfinder: Ukufakela Ishothi Yakho

Enye yezinzuzo zekhamera ye-DSLR isitholi sayo sokubuka, esikuvumela ukuthi ubone kahle ukuthi ilensi ibona ini. Lesi sici sikunikeza ukubuka okucacile nesikhathi sangempela kwesihloko sakho, okwenza kube lula ukuqamba isithombe sakho. Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nezitholi zokubuka ze-DSLR:

• I-Optical vs. Electronic: Ama-DSLR asebenzisa isitholi sokubuka esibonakalayo, esisebenzisa isistimu yezibuko namaprism ukuze sibonise isithombe esweni lakho. Lokhu kunikeza ukuzizwisa kokubuka okungokwemvelo nokungabambezeli. Ngokuphambene, amakhamera angenazibuko asebenzisa izitholi zokubuka ze-elekthronikhi, ezibonisa ukumelwa okudijithali kwendawo yesehlakalo.

• Imbondela Yolwazi: Izitholi zokubuka ze-DSLR zivame ukufaka ulwazi olwengeziwe, olufana nezilungiselelo zokuchayeka namaphoyinti okugxiliswa kuwo, angakusiza ukuthi wenze izinguquko lapho undiza. Lesi sici siwusizo ikakhulukazi kubathwebuli abanolwazi abafuna ukulawula ngokugcwele izilungiselelo zabo.

Izilawuli: Ukwenza izinguquko ku-Fly

Amakhamera e-DSLR anikezela ngezilawuli ezahlukahlukene ezikuvumela ukuthi ushune izilungiselelo zakho ngesikhathi sangempela. Nazi ezinye izici zokulawula ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Izinkinobho Nokudayela: Ama-DSLR anezinkinobho ezinikelwe kanye nokudayela ukulungisa izilungiselelo ezifana nendawo yokuvula, isivinini sokuvala, ne-ISO. Lezi zilawuli ezibonakalayo zikwenza kusheshe futhi kube lula ukwenza izinguquko ngaphandle kokungena kumamenyu.

• Ukudayela Kwemodi: Ukudayela kwemodi ku-DSLR kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe phakathi kwezindlela ezihlukene zokudubula, njengezandla, ukubeka kuqala indawo yokuvula, kanye nokubalulekile kwesivalo. Lokhu kukunikeza ukuguquguquka kokukhetha izinga lokulawula olifunayo phezu kwezithombe zakho.

• Isistimu Yemenyu: Ama-DSLR anohlelo lwemenyu olubanzi olukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo izilungiselelo futhi ufinyelele izici ezithuthukile. Nakuba kungase kuthathe isikhathi ukuze ubambe ngokugcwele zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo, kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukushuna kahle ikhamera yakho ukuze ivumelane nesitayela sakho sokudubula.

Isebenza Kanjani Ikhamera Ye-DSLR Empeleni?

Ngakho-ke, unekhamera yakho ye-DSLR kanokusho ezandleni zakho, ilungele ukuthwebula izithombe namavidiyo amangalisayo. Kodwa ingabe wake wazibuza ukuthi lesi simangaliso sobuchwepheshe sisebenza kanjani ngempela? Masingene ngaphakathi ekusebenzeni kwekhamera ye-DSLR futhi sembule umlingo ngemuva kwalezo zithombe ezimangalisayo.

Ukukhanya, Inzwa, Isenzo!

Enhliziyweni yayo yonke ikhamera ye-DSLR kukhona inzwa yesithombe sedijithali, enesibopho sokuthwebula ukukhanya okungena ngelensi. Le nzwa, evame ukubizwa nge-“CCD” noma “CMOS,” iguqula ukukhanya okungenayo kube isignali yedijithali engacutshungulwa futhi igcinwe njengesithombe noma ividiyo.

Nakhu ukuhlukaniswa kokuthi inqubo yenzeka kanjani:

1. Ukukhanya kungena nge-lens: Uma ucindezela inkinobho yokuvala, izinto zangaphakathi zekhamera zivula isivalo, okuvumela ukukhanya kufinyelele inzwa.
2. Inzwa ithwebula ukukhanya: Inzwa isebenza njengendawo ezwela ukukhanya, ithwebula amafothoni angena ngelensi.
3. Ukuguqulela kufomu ledijithali: Inzwa iguqula ukukhanya okuthwebuliwe kube isignali yedijithali, ngokuyisisekelo ikuhumushele kukhodi kanambambili eqondwa yikhompyutha.
4. Ukucutshungulwa kwesignali: Iphrosesa yangaphakathi yekhamera ibe isithatha lesi siginali yedijithali futhi isebenzise ama-algorithms ahlukahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesithombe, ukulungisa imibala, nokunciphisa umsindo.
5. Ukugcinwa kwesithombe: Isithombe esicutshunguliwe sibe sesigcinwa kumemori khadi, silungele ukuthi usidlulise futhi usincome kukhompyutha yakho noma wabelane nomhlaba.

I-Reflex Factor: Isibuko, Isibuko Odongeni

Esinye sezici ezichazayo zekhamera ye-DSLR indlela yayo ye-reflex, ekuvumela ukuthi ubone isigameko ngesitholi sokubuka njengoba sivela empilweni yangempela. Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo:

1. Ukukhanya kungena kwilensi: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukukhanya kungena ekhamera ngelensi.
2. Isibuko sibonisa ukukhanya: Ngaphakathi komzimba wekhamera, isibuko sibonisa ukukhanya okungenayo kuya phezulu kuya engxenyeni ebizwa ngokuthi i-pentaprism.
3. Bonisa kusitholi sokubuka: I-pentaprism ibe isiqondisa kabusha ukukhanya kusitholi sokubuka, ikunikeze ukubuka kuqala okucacile nokunembile kwendawo yesehlakalo.
4. Isibuko siyaphephuka: Uma ucindezela inkinobho yokuvala, isibuko siyabheke phezulu, sivumele ukukhanya kufinyelele inzwa yokuthwebula isithombe.
5. Isithombe esithwetshiwe: Inzwa ithwebula isithombe, futhi isibuko sibuyela endaweni yaso yasekuqaleni, silungele ukuthwebula okulandelayo.

Amalensi Ashintshashintshayo: Ukhiye Wokuguquguquka

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamakhamera e-DSLR amandla awo okusebenzisa amalensi ashintshashintshayo. Lesi sici sivumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bavumelanise izinto zabo nezimo zokuthwebula ezihlukene, noma ngabe ukuthwebula indawo ene-engeli ebanzi, ukusondeza ngezihloko ezikude, noma ukuzuza imiphumela emangalisayo ye-bokeh.

Nansi indlela amalensi ashintshekayo asebenza ngayo ngekhamera ye-DSLR:

1. Ukukhwezwa kwelensi: Amakhamera e-DSLR ane-lens ethize yokukhweza, okuwukusebenza okujwayelekile okukuvumela ukuthi unamathisele amalensi ahlukene emzimbeni wekhamera.
2. Ukukhetha ilensi: Kuye ngesihloko sakho nomphumela oyifunayo, ungakhetha ohlwini olubanzi lwamalensi, ngalinye linikeza ubude bokugxila obuhlukile, izimbobo, nezici zokubuka.
3. Okunamathiselwe kwilensi: Ukuze unamathisele ilensi, umane uqondanise ukukhwezwa kwelensi emzimbeni wekhamera nokokukhweza okuhambisanayo kulensi, bese uyisonta endaweni ize ikhiyeke ngokuphephile.
4. Usulungele ukudubula: Uma ilensi isinamathiselwe, usulungele ukuhamba! Ikhamera namalensi asebenza ndawonye ukuze agxilise, ahlakaze, futhi agobise ukukhanya, okuholela esithombeni esithwetshulwe kahle.

Ukusuka ku-Amateur kuya kuPro: Ukukhuphuka kwe-DSLR kuya Ekudumeni

Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuthatha izithombe, amakhamera e-single-lens reflex (SLR) ayewumkhuba wabathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kwavela amakhamera edijithali e-SLR (DSLR), ashintsha indlela esithwebula ngayo nokwabelana ngayo ngezithombe.

Amakhamera e-DSLR athole ukuthandwa ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa:

• Ikhwalithi ephezulu yesithombe: Ama-DSLR anikezela ngezinzwa ezinkulu namandla okucubungula izithombe aphakeme, okuholela ezithombeni ezibukhali, ezinemininingwane eyengeziwe.
• I-Versatility: Ngamalensi ashintshashintshayo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokudubula, ama-DSLR angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezithombe, kusukela ekumeni kwezwe kuye ekumeni kuya kwezemidlalo.
• Isivinini nokusabela: Ama-DSLR aqhosha ngesistimu ye-autofocus esheshayo, ukudubula kokuqhuma okusheshayo, ne-shutter lag encane, okuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bathwebule izikhathi ezidlulayo ngokunemba.
• I-Optics nokulawula: Ama-DSLR ahlinzeka ngokubona okuthuthukile, izilawuli ezenziwa ngesandla, nezilungiselelo ezingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo, enikeza abathwebuli bezithombe ukulawula okugcwele kokudala phezu kwezithombe zabo.
• Ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe: Ama-DSLR asetshenziswa kakhulu ngabathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe, abathwebuli bezithombe, nabenzi bamafilimu ngenxa yekhwalithi yabo yesithombe ehlukile kanye nokuguquguquka kwezimo ezihlukene zokukhanya.

Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho uthatha ikhamera yakho ye-DSLR, thatha isikhashana ukwazisa isethi eyinkimbinkimbi yezingxenye nomdanso oyinkimbinkimbi wokukhanya, izinzwa, namalensi okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwalelo bhokisi elincane. Kuyisimangaliso ngempela sobuchwepheshe esisivumela ukuthi simise isikhathi, sithwebule izinkumbulo, futhi sikhulule umbono wethu wokudala.

Ukuhlola Izici Ezimangalisayo Zemiklamo ye-DSLR

1. Amalensi Ashintshashintshayo: Umhlaba Wamathuba

Uma kukhulunywa ngamakhamera e-DSLR, esinye sezici ezijabulisa kakhulu yikhono lokushintsha amalensi. Lokhu kuvula izwe elisha lonke lamathuba abathwebuli bezithombe, okubavumela ukuthi bakhethe ilensi efanelekile yeshothi ngayinye ethile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula izindawo ezishanelayo ngelensi yomugqa obanzi noma usondeza ezihlokweni ezikude ngelensi yocingo, ukuguquguquka kwamalensi ashintshekayo kuyamangalisa ngempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngohlu olubanzi lwamalensi atholakala kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene, ungathola ilensi ephelele ukuze ivumelane nesitayela sakho sokudubula esiyingqayizivele.

2. I-Optical Viewfinder: Ukubona Ukukholwa

Ngokungafani namakhamera wephoyinti bese udubula noma ama-smartphone, ama-DSLR afika afakwe isitholi sokubuka. Lesi sici esihle sikuvumela ukuthi ubone isigameko ngokuqondile ngelensi, sinikeze ukumela okucacile nokunembile kwalokho ozothwebula. Ngesitholi sokubuka esibonakalayo, ungabhala izithombe zakho ngokunemba, uqinisekise ukuthi uthwebula isithombe esiqondile osibona ngeso lengqondo. Kufana nokuba nefasitela emhlabeni wezithombe, lapho okubonayo kuyilokho okutholayo ngempela.

3. Izilawuli ezenziwa ngesandla: Lawula Ubuhlakani Bakho

Olunye lwezimpawu zemiklamo ye-DSLR ubuningi bezilawuli ezenziwa ngesandla ezandleni zakho. Lezi zilawuli zikunikeza ukulawula okuphelele kuzilungiselelo zekhamera yakho, okukuvumela ukuthi ushune kahle zonke izici zeshothi yakho. Kusukela ekulungiseni indawo ukuze ulawule ukujula kwenkundla, ukuya ekuguquleni isivinini sokuvala ukuze uthwebule izifundo ezihamba ngokushesha, ama-DSLR anika abathwebuli amandla ukuze bakhulule ubuhlakani babo futhi bathwebule izithombe ezinhle kakhulu. Ngekhono lokukhohlisa izilungiselelo uma undiza, ungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yisiphi isimo sokudubula futhi uthwebule isithombe esihle kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki izimo zokukhanya noma isihloko.

4. Imodi Yokuqhumisa Ngesivinini Esikhulu: Misa Isenzo

Uma kuziwa ekuthwebuleni isenzo esisheshayo, ama-DSLR ahamba phambili ngemodi yawo yokuqhuma kwesivinini esikhulu. Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi udubule uchungechunge olusheshayo lwamashothi ngokulandelana okusheshayo, uqinisekisa ukuthi awuphuthelwa isikhathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula umcimbi wezemidlalo ovusa amadlingozi noma uthwebula ukubukeka kahle kobuso bengane, imodi yokuqhuma kwesivinini esiphezulu ikunikeza ukuzethemba kokumisa isenzo futhi uthwebule leso sikhathi sesibili esixoxa indaba.

5. Amasistimu Okugxila Okuzenzakalelayo Okuthuthukile: Lola Ukugxila Kwakho

Ukufinyelela ukugxila okubukhali kubalulekile ezithombeni, futhi ama-DSLR afika efakwe amasistimu we-autofocus athuthukisiwe ukukusiza ukuthi ubethelele njalo. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinzwa nama-algorithms ukuze alandelele futhi akhiye esihlokweni sakho, aqinisekise ukuthi sihlala sigxilile njengoba sihamba. Ngamamodi ahlukahlukene we-autofocus nezilungiselelo ozenza ngokwezifiso, ama-DSLR akuvumela ukuthi uvumelane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokudubula futhi uthwebule izithombe ezibukhali kalula.

6. Ikhwalithi Yokwakha Eqinile: Yakhelwe Ukuhlala

Ama-DSLR aziwa ngekhwalithi yawo eqinile yokwakha, edizayinelwe ukumelana nobunzima bokusetshenziswa kochwepheshe kanye nabathwebuli bezithombe abasafufusa ngokufanayo. Ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside nemizimba evalwe yisimo sezulu, lawa makhamera angakwazi ukubhekana nezimo eziyinselele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula amazinga okushisa adlulele noma ulwela izinto ngaphandle okuhle. Ikhwalithi yokwakha eqinile ye-DSLRs inikeza abathwebuli bezithombe ukuzethemba kokuyisa amakhamera abo noma yikuphi futhi bathwebule izithombe ezimangalisayo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngegiya labo.

7. Izesekeli Ezibanzi Nezengezo: Thuthukisa Igiya Lakho

Enye yezinto ezijabulisayo zokuba ne-DSLR uxhaxha lwezinsiza nezengezo ezitholakalayo ukuthuthukisa umuzwa wakho wokuthatha izithombe. Kusukela ekukhanyeni kwangaphandle kuya kuzilawuli kude ezingenantambo, kusukela ekubambeni kwebhethri kuya kuzihlungi ezikhethekile, amathuba awapheli. Lezi zinsiza zikuvumela ukuthi unwebe amandla e-DSLR yakho futhi uzame ngamasu ahlukene, uyisa izithombe zakho phezulu.

Ukukhulula Isilo: Ukuhlola Umhlaba Wemiklamo Yomzimba we-DSLR

1. Umzimba Wakudala we-DSLR: Idizayini Engaphelelwa Isikhathi

Uma kukhulunywa ngemiklamo yomzimba ye-DSLR, isitayela sakudala sifana nesudi elungiswe kahle engaphumi emfashinini. Lo mklamo ubonakala ngomzimba oqinile, ongunxande nokubamba okuvelele kwesokudla. Idizayini ememeza ngokushesha “umthwebuli wezithombe oyingcweti” futhi eveza umuzwa wamandla nokulawula.

Izici ezibalulekile zomklamo womzimba we-DSLR wakudala zifaka:

• Isitholi sokubuka esikhulu esikuvumela ukuthi ubone isigameko ngqo ngelensi, sinikeze ukumela okucacile nokunembile kwalokho othwebulayo.
• Isikrini se-LCD esibekwe phezulu esibonisa ulwazi olubalulekile lokuthwebula njengembobo, isivinini se-shutter, nezilungiselelo ze-ISO, esikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinguquko ngokushesha ngaphandle kokususa amehlo akho kusitholi sokubuka.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkinobho nokudayela okubekwe ngokuhlelekile ukuze kufinyeleleke kalula, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukushintsha izilungiselelo ngokushesha nje.

2. I-Compact DSLR Body: Incane kodwa Inamandla

Kulabo abakhetha inketho ephathekayo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ekusebenzeni, idizayini yomzimba ye-DSLR ehlangene ishintsha umdlalo. Le mizimba yakhelwe ukuthi ibe lula futhi ibe lula, iyenze ilungele abathwebuli bezithombe ekuhambeni.

Izici ezibalulekile ze-compact DSLR body design zifaka:

• Usayizi oncishisiwe nesisindo uma kuqhathaniswa nedizayini yakudala, okwenza kube lula ukuzulazula izikhathi ezinwetshiwe ngaphandle kokuthi ucindezele ihlombe lakho.
• Ukubamba okuncane okusanikeza ukubamba okunethezekile, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza ngenkathi uthwebula.
• Isakhiwo sezinkinobho esenziwe lula, esinezinye izilawuli ezihlanganiswe esikrinini se-LCD esingemuva ngezinjongo zokonga isikhala.

3. Umzimba we-Ergonomic DSLR: Udizayinelwe Ukunethezeka

Ukuthatha izithombe kungaba umsebenzi onzima futhi odinga umzimba, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuthwebula amade noma ezindaweni eziyinselele. Yilapho idizayini yomzimba ye-ergonomic DSLR iqala ukusebenza, inikeza ukunethezeka okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenziseka kalula.

Izici ezibalulekile zokwakheka komzimba we-ergonomic DSLR zifaka:

• Ukubamba okuyi-contour elingana kahle esandleni sakho, enciphisa ukukhathala futhi ivumele izikhathi zokudubula ezinwetshiwe.
• Izinkinobho ezibekwe ngendlela ecatshangwe kahle kanye nokudayela okufinyeleleka kalula ngaphandle kokuhluza iminwe yakho noma ukudinga ukuma kwezandla okungajwayelekile.
• Isakhiwo esivaliwe sezulu esivikela ikhamera othulini, umswakama, nezinye izici zemvelo, okuqinisekisa ukuqina kwayo ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima.

4. Umzimba we-Modular DSLR: Ukwenziwa Ngokwezifiso Ngokungcono Kakhulu

Uma ungumthwebuli wezithombe othanda ukucwenga nokwenza igiya lakho libe ngelakho, khona-ke idizayini yomzimba ye-DSLR eyimojula izoba inkundla yakho yokudlala yokugcina. Le mizimba ihlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo, ekuvumela ukuthi unamathisele izesekeli ezihlukahlukene futhi ulungise ikhamera yakho ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Izici ezibalulekile ze-modular DSLR body design zifaka:

• Uhlu lwezimbobo nezixhumi ezinika amandla okunamathiselwe kumakrofoni angaphandle, amayunithi weflashi, ukubamba kwebhethri, nokuningi, okunweba amandla ekhamera.
• Izitholi zokubuka ezishintshekayo ezihlinzekela izitayela zokudubula ezihlukene, njengezitholi zokubuka ezibonakalayo, izitholi zokubuka ze-elekthronikhi, noma izinketho ezixubile.
• Ukuhambisana nebanga elibanzi lamalensi, okukunikeza inkululeko yokuzama ngobude bokugxila obuhlukile futhi uzuze imiphumela ehlukahlukene yokudala.

Emhlabeni wemiklamo yomzimba ye-DSLR, kukhona okuthile kwawo wonke umuntu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha isitayela sakudala, esihlangene, se-ergonomic, noma se-modular, umklamo ngamunye unikeza izinzuzo zawo ezihlukile futhi uhlinzekela okuthandwayo okuhlukile kokudubula. Ngakho-ke, thola ekufanele kakhulu, futhi uvumele ubuhlakani bakho bunyuke ngamandla e-DSLR ezandleni zakho.

Ukwembula Izimfihlo Zosayizi Benzwa ye-DSLR

Uma kukhulunywa ngamakhamera e-DSLR, enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ikhwalithi yesithombe ubukhulu benzwa. Inzwa iyisisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esithwebula ukukhanya futhi sikuguqule sibe isithombe sedijithali. Ngakho-ke, uma inzwa inkulu, yilapho ingathwebula ukukhanya okwengeziwe, okuholela kukhwalithi yesithombe engcono kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokukhanya okuphansi. Masingene emhlabeni wosayizi benzwa ye-DSLR futhi sembule izimfihlakalo ezingemuva kwabo.

Uhambo Ngosayizi Wezinzwa

Amakhamera e-DSLR eza nosayizi abahlukene bezinzwa, ngalinye linikeza izinzuzo nezici zalo ezihlukile. Nakhu ukuhlukaniswa kosayizi benzwa abavame kakhulu ozohlangana nabo:

• Uhlaka Olugcwele (35mm): Njengoba igama libonisa, lezi zinzwa zinosayizi ofanayo nohlaka lwefilimu oluvamile lwe-35mm. Banikeza ikhwalithi yesithombe ehlukile, ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya okuphansi, kanye nenkundla yokubuka ebanzi. Kodwa-ke, avame ukubiza kakhulu futhi amakhamera ngokwawo anamandla.

• I-APS-C: Lo sayizi wenzwa mncane kunenzwa yohlaka olugcwele, ngokuvamile ukala u-22.2mm x 14.8mm. Izinzwa ze-APS-C zivame ukutholakala kuma-DSLR eleveli yokungena namaphakathi. Nakuba zinganikezi ikhwalithi yesithombe efanayo njengezinzwa zohlaka olugcwele, zisaletha imiphumela encomekayo futhi zithengeka kakhulu.

• I-Micro Four Thirds: Lezi zinzwa, ezikala cishe u-17.3mm x 13mm, zivame ukusetshenziswa kumakhamera angenazibuko. Mancane kunezinzwa zohlaka olugcwele kanye ne-APS-C kodwa asakhiqiza izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu. Enye inzuzo yezinzwa ze-Micro Four Thirds ukuthi zivumela imizimba yekhamera ehlangene futhi engasindi.

• Ifomethi Emaphakathi: Uma ufuna ikhwalithi yesithombe esiphezulu futhi unamaphakethe ajulile, izinzwa zefomethi emaphakathi ngezakho. Lezi zinzwa zikhulu kakhulu kunezinzwa ezinohlaka olugcwele futhi ngokuvamile zitholakala kuma-DSLR ebanga lochwepheshe. Banikeza imininingwane engenakuqhathaniswa, ububanzi obuguquguqukayo, nokukhiqizwa kombala. Kodwa-ke, beza nenani eliphakeme lentengo futhi ngokuvamile bagcinelwe izinhlobo zezithombe ezikhethekile.

Umthelela Wosayizi Benzwa Ezithombeni

Manje njengoba sesihlole osayizi abahlukene bezinzwa, ake sixoxe ngokuthi bathinta kanjani umuzwa wakho wokuthatha izithombe:

• Ukujula Kwenkambu: Usayizi wenzwa udlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukujula kwenkambu ezithombeni zakho. Inzwa enkulu idala ukujula kwenkambu okungashoni, okukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele lowo mphumela omuhle wokufiphalisa ongemuva (bokeh).

• Ukusebenza Kokukhanya Okuphansi: Izinzwa ezinkulu zinamaphikseli amakhulu, angathwebula ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuphumela ekusebenzeni okungcono kokukhanya okuphansi, okukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule izithombe ezinhle ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya eziyinselele.

• I-Dynamic Range: Usayizi wenzwa uphinde uthinte ububanzi obuguqukayo bezithombe zakho. Inzwa enkulu ingakwazi ukuthwebula izinhlobonhlobo zamathoni, igcine imininingwane eyengeziwe kukho kokubili okubekwe obala kanye nezithunzi.

• I-Crop Factor: Uma usebenzisa ikhamera enenzwa encane, njenge-APS-C noma i-Micro Four Thirds, kunesici sokunqampuna okufanele icatshangelwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubude bokugxila obusebenzayo bamalensi akho buzophindaphindwa, kukunike inkambu yokubuka emincane uma kuqhathaniswa nenzwa yozimele ogcwele.

Ukukukhethela usayizi wenzwa olungile

Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni usayizi wenzwa ofanele wezidingo zakho, ayikho impendulo elingana nosayizi owodwa. Ekugcineni kuncike kusabelomali sakho, isitayela sokuthwebula izithombe, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Cabangela izici ezilandelayo:

• Ibhajethi: Amakhamera anozimele ogcwele avame ukubiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma usebenzisa isabelomali esiqinile, izinzwa ze-APS-C noma ze-Micro Four Thirds zingase zifaneleke kakhulu.

• Isitayela Sesithombe: Uma uthanda ukuma kwezwe noma ukuthwebula izithombe zezakhiwo futhi ulangazelela ikhwalithi yesithombe ephezulu kakhulu, inzwa yohlaka olugcwele noma yefomethi emaphakathi ingaba yinketho enhle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uthanda ezemidlalo noma ukuthatha izithombe zezilwane zasendle futhi udinga ukufinyelelwa okwengeziwe, inzwa ye-APS-C enesici sayo sokutshala ingase ibe wusizo.

• Ukuphatheka: Uma ukwazisa ukuphatheka futhi ufuna ukusethwa kwekhamera engasindi, cabangela amakhamera anamasayizi wezinzwa ezincane njengeMicro Four Thirds.

Khumbula, usayizi wenzwa uyisici esisodwa nje sekhamera ye-DSLR. Ezinye izici ezinjengokukhethwa kwamalensi, ukuqiniswa kwesithombe, nokusebenza kwekhamera kukonke kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho wenza isinqumo sakho.

Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumthandi wezithombe noma umdubuli oyingcweti, ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bosayizi wezinzwa ze-DSLR kuzokunika amandla okwenza ukukhetha unolwazi futhi uthwebule izithombe ezimangalisayo ezigqama ngempela.

I-Downsides ye-DSLRs: Ingabe Ifanele Ukutshalwa Kwezimali?

1. Utshalomali Olubizayo

• Ama-DSLR angabiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela izindleko ezengeziwe zamalensi nezinye izinto.
• Uma usaqala noma unesabelomali esiqinile, ithegi yentengo ingase ikwenze uzibuze ukuthi ingabe ikufanele yini ukubola ku-akhawunti yakho yasebhange.

2. Bulky and Heavy

• Ama-DSLR aziwa ngokwakhiwa kwawo okuqinile, okungawenza abe nzima kakhulu ukuzungeza.
• Uma ungumuntu othanda ikhamera engasindi nehlangene, ukuthwala i-DSLR kungase kuzwakale njengokuthwala ingane encane.

3. Izilawuli Eziyinkimbinkimbi

• Ama-DSLR anikeza ukulawula okuhle ezithombeni zakho, kodwa lokhu kuza ngezindleko zejika lokufunda eliwumqansa.
• Abasaqalayo bangathola inqwaba yezinkinobho, izilungiselelo, nezinketho zemenyu zixakile futhi zisabisa ekuqaleni.

4. Umsindo kanye nobuningi

• Ama-DSLR avame ukukhiqiza umsindo owengeziwe kuzilungiselelo eziphakeme ze-ISO uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamakhamera.
• Ukwengeza, indlela yesibuko ngaphakathi kwe-DSLRs ingakha umsindo omkhulu lapho ithwebula amashothi, okungenzeka ingafaneleki ezimweni ezithile.

5. Izesekeli Ezibizayo

• Ama-DSLR eza namalensi ashintshashintshayo, anikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu, kodwa lokhu kuphinde kusho ukutshala imali eqoqweni lamalensi ukuze afane nezidingo zakho.
• Ezinye izesekeli ezifana nokubanika kwangaphandle, ama-tripods, namamemori khadi angangeza ngokushesha ezindlekweni.

6. Ijika lokufunda eliwumqansa

• Ama-DSLR anezinhlobonhlobo zezici nezilungiselelo ezidinga isikhathi nomzamo ukuze ubambe ngokugcwele.
• Uma ufuna ikhamera ongayithatha futhi uqale ukuyithwebula ngokufunda okuncane, i-DSLR ingase ingabi inketho engcono kakhulu.

7. Ayilungele Sonke Isimo

• Ama-DSLR ahle kakhulu ekuthwebuleni izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu, kodwa usayizi nesisindo sazo singazenza zingalungeli kakhulu izimo ezithile.
• Uma uthanda ukuthwebula izithombe zasemgwaqweni noma ufuna ikhamera ongayiphatha kalula usuku lonke, ikhamera encane nehlangene kakhulu ingase ilingane kangcono.

8. Ukugcinwa Nokuqina

• Ama-DSLR akhelwe ukumelana nezimo ezinzima nokusetshenziswa kanzima, kodwa asadinga ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa okufanele.
• Izingxenye zangaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi nokwakhiwa kwekhamera ye-DSLR kungase kudinge ukuhlanzwa nokuseviswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.

9. Izici zevidiyo ezinomkhawulo

• Nakuba ama-DSLR anikeza ikhono lokuthwebula amavidiyo, angase angabi nazo zonke izici zevidiyo ezithuthukisiwe ezitholakala kumakhamera wevidiyo azinikele.
• Uma ikakhulukazi uthanda ividiyo, i-DSLR ingase ingabi inketho efanelekile kakhulu.

10. Ukwesabisa Kwabaqalayo

• Inani elikhulu lezingxenye nezici zobuchwepheshe ze-DSLRs zingaba nzima kwabaqalayo.
• Kuthatha isikhathi nesineke ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa i-DSLR ngempumelelo futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele amakhono ayo.

Naphezu kwalezi zimo ezimbi, ama-DSLR ayaqhubeka nokuba yinketho edumile phakathi kwabathwebuli bezithombe ngekhwalithi yabo yezithombe ezinhle kakhulu, ukusebenza kukonke, nokulawula kokudala abakunikezayo. Kubalulekile ukukala okuhle nokubi ukuze unqume ukuthi i-DSLR iyikhamera elungile yezidingo zakho ezithile kanye nesitayela sokudubula.

Amamodeli aphezulu we-DSLR namabhrendi: Ukuthwebula izikhathi ngesitayela

1. Uchungechunge lweCanon EOS: Ukusebenza Okuyinganekwane kanye Nokuguquguquka

Uma kukhulunywa ngamakhamera e-DSLR, uhlobo olulodwa olugqamayo yiCanon. Uchungechunge lwabo lwe-EOS selufana nekhwalithi yesithombe ehlukile kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Nawa amamodeli adumile avela kuCanon:

• ICanon EOS 5D Mark IV: Le DSLR yohlaka olugcwele iyintandokazi phakathi kwabathwebuli abangochwepheshe. Ngenzwa yayo engu-30.4-megapixel kanye nesistimu ye-autofocus ethuthukisiwe, iletha izithombe ezimangalisayo ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya eziyinselele.
• ICanon EOS 80D: Ilungele abathanda nabathwebuli bezithombe abasafufusa, i-EOS 80D inikeza inzwa engu-24.2-megapixel, ukudubula okuqhubekayo okusheshayo, kanye nesistimu ye-autofocus enemisebenzi eminingi. Ingumngane onokwethenjelwa wokuthwebula kokubili okumile namavidiyo.

2. I-Nikon D-Series: Precision and Innovation

I-Nikon ingesinye isisindo esisindayo emhlabeni we-DSLR, eyaziwa ngama-optics ayo akhethekile nezici ezithuthukile. Amakhamera abo ochungechunge lwe-D athole abalandeli abathembekile phakathi kwabathwebuli bezithombe bawo wonke amazinga. Nawa amamodeli ambalwa abalulekile:

• I-Nikon D850: Le ndlu yamandla enohlaka olugcwele inenzwa engu-45.7-megapixel ewisa imihlathi, ububanzi obushukumisayo obumangalisayo, namandla wevidiyo angu-4K. Ukufezeka kwephupho kubathwebuli bezithombe bezwe nestudiyo.
• I-Nikon D7500: Idizayinelwe abathanda, i-D7500 ihlanganisa inzwa engu-20.9-megapixel, ukushutha okusheshayo, nokuqoshwa kwevidiyo okungu-4K. Umzimba wayo ongasindi kanye nokwakheka kwe-ergonomic kwenza kube injabulo ukusingatha izimo ezihlukahlukene zokudubula.

3. I-Sony Alpha Series: I-Mirrorless Innovation Ihlangabezana Namakhono e-DSLR

Ngenkathi u-Sony edume ngamakhamera ayo angenazibuko, uchungechunge lwabo lwe-Alpha luhlanganisa namamodeli e-DSLR ahlaba umxhwele. Lawa makhamera anikezela ngenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yobuchwepheshe obungenazibuko nezici zendabuko ze-DSLR. Nazi izinketho ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• I-Sony Alpha A7 III: Le khamera yohlaka olugcwele engenasibuko enokuphatha okufana ne-DSLR ifaka inzwa engu-24.2-megapixel, ukurekhoda kwevidiyo ye-4K, nokusebenza okumangazayo kokukhanya okuphansi. Kuyinketho eguquguqukayo yakho kokubili okumile namavidiyo.
• I-Sony Alpha A68: Ihlanganisa ukufinyeleleka nokusebenza, i-A68 ifaka inzwa ye-APS-C engu-24.2-megapixel, i-autofocus esheshayo, nobuchwepheshe be-4D Focus. I-DSLR yezinga lokungena enhle kakhulu kulabo abaqala uhambo lwabo lokuthatha izithombe.

4. I-Pentax K-Series: Ukuqina Okumangelengele nezici Eziyingqayizivele

I-Pentax ingase ingaziwa kabanzi njengeCanon noma i-Nikon, kodwa ama-DSLR abo ochungechunge lwe-K azuze abalandeli abazinikele. Lawa makhamera anikezela ngekhwalithi eqinile yokwakha, ukuvala uphawu kwesimo sezulu, nezici ezintsha. Nansi imodeli okufanele icatshangelwe:

• I-Pentax K-1 Mark II: Le DSLR yohlaka olugcwele iziqhayisa ngenzwa engu-36.4-megapixel, ukuqina kwesithombe esisemzimbeni, kanye ne-Pixel Shift Resolution System ehlukile. Kuyinketho enhle yabathwebuli bezithombe bezwe nabangaphandle abafuna ikhwalithi yesithombe ehlukile.

5. I-Fujifilm X-Series: I-Retro Charm kanye Nekhwalithi Yesithombe Evelele

I-Fujifilm idume ngamakhamera ayo aphefumulelwe kabusha, futhi uchungechunge lwayo lwe-X luhlanganisa womabili amamodeli angenazibuko kanye nesitayela se-DSLR. Lawa makhamera ahlanganisa ubuhle bakudala nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Nansi inketho ephawulekayo yesitayela se-DSLR:

• I-Fujifilm X-T4: Nakuba ngokobuchwepheshe iyikhamera engenasibuko, idizayini efana ne-DSLR ye-X-T4 kanye nokubamba kwayo kuyenza ikhulunywe ngokufanelekile. Ifaka inzwa ye-APS-C engu-26.1-megapixel, ukuqina kwesithombe esisemzimbeni, namandla wevidiyo ahlaba umxhwele. Kuyithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi kubo bobabili abathanda izithombe namavidiyo.

Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumthwebuli wezithombe ochwepheshe noma umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa oshisekayo, lawa mamodeli adumile e-DSLR nemikhiqizo anikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinketho ezifanelana nezidingo zakho. Umkhiqizo ngamunye uletha amandla awo ahlukile nezici, oqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukuthwebula lezo zikhathi ezikhethekile ngesitayela nangokunemba.

Point-and-Shoot vs DSLR: Iyiphi Ikhamera Okufanele Uyikhethe?

Ngakho-ke, unqume ukukhuphula umdlalo wakho wokuthatha izithombe futhi utshale imali kukhamera entsha. Kodwa njengoba kunezinketho eziningi laphaya, kungase kube nzima ukukhetha okulungile. Izinketho ezimbili ezidumile amakhamera we-point-and-shoot kanye nama-DSLR. Ake singene shí kumehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamakhamera futhi sikusize wenze isinqumo unolwazi.

Usayizi Wezindaba: Okuncane vs Okukhulu

Omunye umehluko ophawuleka kakhulu phakathi kwamakhamera akhomba futhi adubule nama-DSLRs ubukhulu bawo. Amakhamera aqondile futhi alula, awenza kube lula ukuwaphatha ephaketheni noma esikhwameni sakho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-DSLR makhulu futhi makhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamalensi ashintshashintshayo awanikezayo. Nakuba lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-DSLR angase angabi lula ukuhamba nawo, usayizi wawo uvumela izici ezithuthuke kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe engcono.

Ikhwalithi kanye Nobuchwepheshe

Uma ubheke ukuyisa izithombe zakho ezingeni elilandelayo futhi uthwebule izithombe zezinga lochwepheshe, i-DSLR iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo. Ama-DSLR anikeza izici ezibalulekile njengokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla phezu kwezilungiselelo, amalensi ashintshekayo, nezinzwa ezinkulu zesithombe. Lezi zici zikunikeza ukulawula okukhulu phezu kwezithombe zakho futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ikhwalithi yesithombe emangalisayo. Amakhamera akhomba futhi ashuthe, nakuba esebenziseka kalula futhi kulula ukuwasebenzisa, ngokuvamile awaphumeleli ngokwamakhono ochwepheshe.

Ubude Bendawo kanye Nenkundla Yokubuka

Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamakhamera wephoyinti bese udubula kanye nama-DSLR ubude bokugxila kanye nenkundla yokubuka ayinikezayo. Ama-DSLR akuvumela ukuthi unamathisele amalensi ahlukene anobude bokugxila obuhlukahlukene, akunike ikhono lokusondeza noma ukuphuma futhi uthwebule inhlobonhlobo yezifundo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhamera akhomba bese edubula, ngokuvamile anelensi egxilile enamandla okusondeza okulinganiselwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ufuna ukuthwebula izinto ezikude noma uzuze ukwakheka okuthile, i-DSLR izozifanela kangcono izidingo zakho.

Ukulawula Nokusebenziseka Kalula

Amakhamera akhomba bese edubula aklanyelwe ukuthi asebenziseke kalula futhi adinga ulwazi oluncane noma olungenalo lobuchwepheshe. Ngokuvamile ziza nezilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo ezenza kube lula kwabaqalayo ukuthatha isithombe esihloniphekile ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Ama-DSLR, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe kuzilungiselelo, okuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe abanolwazi ukuthi bashune kahle izithombe zabo. Nakuba lokhu kungenza ama-DSLR abe inselele kakhudlwana ukuwenza kahle, ukulawula okukhulisiwe namandla okuba nemiphumela engcono kulifanele ijika lokufunda.

Amabhethri Nokunethezeka

Uma kuziwa empilweni yebhethri, amakhamera akhomba futhi ashuthe anesandla esiphezulu. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane busho ukuthi zidinga amandla amancane, okuzivumela ukuthi zihlale isikhathi eside ngokushajwa okukodwa. Ama-DSLR, ngakolunye uhlangothi, adla amandla engeziwe ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu kanye nezici ezengeziwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase udinge ukuphatha amabhethri engeziwe noma uzilungiselele ukushajwa kaningi uma usebenzisa i-DSLR.

Inani kanye Nenani

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ama-DSLR avame ukubiza kakhulu kunamakhamera akhomba futhi adubule. Kodwa-ke, umehluko wentengo ulungisiswa yizici ezithuthukile kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe ephakeme abasinikezayo. Uma uzimisele ngokuthatha izithombe futhi uzimisele ukutshala imali emsebenzini wakho wezandla, i-DSLR iyintengo efanelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma usaqala noma ukuthatha izithombe kuwukuzilibazisa okuvamile, ikhamera yokukhomba nokushutha ingase ibe inketho evumelana nesabelomali.

Ekugcineni, ukukhetha phakathi kwekhamera yephoyinti bese udubula kanye ne-DSLR kuncike ezidingweni zakho ezithile nezinto ozikhethayo. Cabangela izici ezilandelayo lapho wenza isinqumo sakho:

• Uhlobo lokuthatha izithombe ofuna ukululandela: Ama-DSLR ajwayele ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni yobungcweti efana nokuma ngobude, ukuma kwezwe, nokuthwebula izithombe zezemidlalo, kuyilapho amakhamera akhomba bese edubula eqondiswe kakhulu ezithombeni ezivamile.
• Izinga lokulawula olifisayo: Uma ufuna ukulawula ngokugcwele izilungiselelo zekhamera yakho futhi ukwazi ukuhlola amalensi ahlukene, i-DSLR iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo.
• Konke ukusebenziseka kwakho ukubeka kuqala: Uma ufuna ikhamera ongayibamba kalula futhi uyisebenzise usohambeni ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezesekeli ezengeziwe, ikhamera yokukhomba bese uthwebula ingase ibe lula kakhulu.
• Intengo ozimisele ukuyikhokha: Ama-DSLR ngokuvamile afika nenani eliphakeme, ngakho-ke uma isabelomali siwukukhathazeka, ikhamera yokukhomba bese udubula ingase ibe inketho ethengekayo.

Emhlabeni oshintshashintsha njalo wezithombe, womabili amakhamera akhomba futhi ashuthe kanye nama-DSLR anendawo yawo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu osaqalayo ofuna ukucwilisa izinzwane zakho ezithombeni noma uchwepheshe ongumakadebona ohlose ukuthwebula kahle kakhulu, kunekhamera lapho ezofanela izidingo zakho. Ngakho-ke bamba ikhamera yakho, wamukele izinguquko, futhi uthwebule umhlaba usebenzisa ilensi yakho!

I-Mirrorless vs DSLR: Impi Yamakhamera

Amakhamera angenazibuko, aziwa nangokuthi amakhamera esistimu (ama-CSC), athathe umhlaba wokuthwebula izithombe ngamandla eminyakeni yamuva. Lawa madivayisi athambile futhi angasindi aguqule indlela abathwebuli bezithombe abathwebula ngayo izikhathi. Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namakhamera angenasibuko:

• Asikho Isibuko, Asikho Inkinga: Ngokungafani nama-DSLR, amakhamera angenasibuko awanayo indlela yesibuko ebonisa ukukhanya ukusuka kulensi kuya kusitholi sokubuka. Kunalokho, bathembele kusibonisi se-elekthronikhi noma isitholi sokubuka se-elekthronikhi (EVF) ukuze bahlole kuqala isithombe. Lokhu kungabikho kwesibuko kuvumela umzimba wekhamera ohlangene futhi ophathekayo.

• Ukuthuthuka kwe-Autofocus: Amakhamera angenazibuko enze intuthuko enkulu kubuchwepheshe be-autofocus. Ngezinhlelo zabo ze-on-sensor phase discovery autofocus (PDAF), zingagxila ngokushesha nangokunembile ezifundweni, ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya eziyinselele. Lokhu kubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kokuthwebula izifundo ezihamba ngokushesha noma ukudubula ekukhanyeni okuphansi.

• Osayizi Benzwa Abancane: Amakhamera angenazibuko ngokuvamile afaka izinzwa ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa nama-DSLR. Nakuba lokhu kungase kukhawulele ikhono labo lokuthwebula imininingwane emihle ezimeni ezithile, kuphinde kuvumele amalensi amancane nalula. Lokhu kwenza amakhamera angenazibuko abe yinketho edumile yabathwebuli bezithombe zokuhamba nabasemgwaqweni abazisa ukuphatheka ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yesithombe.

• I-Electronic Shutter: Enye inzuzo yamakhamera angenazibuko yi-shutter yawo ye-electronic. Ngokungafani nama-DSLR anama-shutter mechanical, amakhamera angenazibuko asebenzisa inzwa kagesi ukuze alawule ukuchayeka. Lokhu kuqeda ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukunyakaza kwesibuko ne-shutter, okuholela ezithombeni ezibukhali, ikakhulukazi uma ukudubula ngesivinini esincane sokuvala.

I-DSLRs: Amahhashi Okusebenzela Azanyiwe futhi Ayiqiniso

Ama-DSLR abeyinketho yokukhetha yabathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe iminyaka eminingi. Lawa makhamera aqinile futhi asebenza ngezindlela eziningi amele isikhathi eside futhi asaqhubeka eyintandokazi phakathi kwabathandi bokuthwebula izithombe. Nakhu okuhlukanisa ama-DSLR:

• I-Optical Viewfinder: Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zama-DSLR isitholi sawo sokubuka. Lesi sici sivumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi babone isigameko ngokuqondile ngelensi, sinikeze umbono ocacile nesikhathi sangempela wesihloko. Abathwebuli bezithombe abaningi bakhetha isitholi sokubuka esibonakalayo ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho kwaso kwemvelo nokucwilisiwe kokudubula.

• Osayizi Bezinzwa Abakhudlwana: Ama-DSLR ngokuvamile eza nezinzwa ezinkulu uma kuqhathaniswa namakhamera angenasibuko. Lo sayizi wenzwa omkhulu uvumela ikhwalithi yesithombe engcono, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya. Ama-DSLR ahamba phambili ekukhiqizeni izithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ezinobubanzi obuhle kakhulu obushukumisayo namazinga omsindo aphansi.

• Ukukhetha Okubanzi Kwelensi: I-DSLRs isinesikhathi eside ikhona, futhi ngenxa yalokho, inohlu olubanzi lwamalensi atholakalayo. Noma ngabe ungumthwebuli wezithombe, umthandi wezilwane zasendle, noma isithandi esikhulu, uzothola inhlobonhlobo yamalensi azofanela izidingo zakho. Isistimu yelensi eshintshekayo ye-DSLRs inikeza abathwebuli bezithombe amathuba angapheli okudala.

• Impilo Yebhethri ende: Ama-DSLR avame ukuba nempilo yebhethri engcono uma kuqhathaniswa namakhamera angenazibuko. Ukungabikho kwesitholi sokubuka se-elekthronikhi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesivalo sikamshini kunomthelela emandleni ahlala isikhathi eside we-DSLRs. Lokhu kungaba inzuzo enkulu, ikakhulukazi uma uthwebula ezindaweni ezikude noma phakathi neseshini enwetshiwe yezithombe.

Empini phakathi kwamakhamera angenazibuko kanye ne-DSLR, womabili amasistimu anokwenyuka nokwehla kwawo. Ekugcineni kufika ekukhetheni komuntu siqu kanye nesitayela sokudubula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ikhamera engenasibuko ngokubumbana kwayo ne-autofocus ethuthukisiwe noma i-DSLR yesitholi sayo sokubuka esibonakalayo kanye nenzwa enkulu, zombili izinketho zinikeza amandla amangalisayo ezithombe. Ngakho-ke, bamba ikhamera yakho bese uqala ukuthwebula umhlaba usebenzisa ilensi yakho!

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, injalo i-DSLR- ikhamera enamandla ngempela elungele izimfundamakhwela nezingcweti. Ungayisebenzisela cishe noma yini, kusukela ezithombeni kuye kuvidiyo, futhi kuyindlela enhle yokungena emhlabeni wezithombe. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ikhamera entsha, mhlawumbe kufanele ucabangele i-DSLR!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.