Ukubukeka Kwefilimu noma “Ukuqopha”: Kuyini?

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2022

Ukubukeka kwefilimu noma "ukuqopha" igama elivame ukusho inqubo yokukhiqiza ividiyo enokubukeka njengefilimu. Umqondo ngemuva "kokuqopha" ukuthwebula isitayela sezithombe kanye nekhwalithi efana naleyo ongayithola ku- Movie noma umdlalo kamabonakude, nokho usafaneleka ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zemidiya yedijithali noma yendabuko.

Igama elithi “ukuthwebula ifilimu” selisakazeke kakhulu kangangokuthi lingachaza noma yisiphi isitayela esibukwayo esiboniswa amamuvi nethelevishini - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sithwebula ubuhle obufanayo be-movie yakudala, noma into elula njengokuzuza okuvamile. umbala iphalethi etholakala ezinhlelweni zikamabonakude.

Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngokubukezwa kwefilimu, izinzuzo zayo ngaphezu kwamasu ajwayelekile wokuthwebula izithombe, nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kumaphrojekthi akho. Nazi izihloko okuzoxoxwa ngazo:

1. Kuyini Ukubukeka Kwefilimu?
2. Izinzuzo zokubukeka kwefilimu
3. Ungasifaka Kanjani Ukubukeka Kwefilimu

Kuyini Ukubukeka Kwefilimu?

Ukubukeka Kwefilimu or Ukuqopha indlela esetshenziswa ku-digital cinematography ehlose ukuphindaphinda ukubukeka nomuzwa wefilimu yendabuko esekelwe kufilimu. Kufinyelelwa ngokufanisa izithombe zedijithali nezici zefilimu nokudala ividiyo yedijithali "eqoshwe ifilimu". Le nqubo ingadla isikhathi esiningi, kodwa iwufanele umzamo wokudala izithombe ezimangalisayo, ezifana nesinema. Ake sibheke inqubo ye-Film Look kabanzi.

• Ukufanisa izithombe zedijithali nezici zefilimu
• Ukudala ividiyo yedijithali “eqoshwe ifilimu”
• Ikhiqiza izithombe ezinhle, ezifana nesinema

Umsuka Wokubukeka Kwefilimu

Igama elithi "ukubukeka kwefilimu" isho inqubo yokwenza ividiyo ekhiqizwe ngedijithali ibukeke njengefilimu. Lokhu kufezwa ngenhlanganisela yamasu, ikakhulukazi ngokulawula nokwengeza ukukhanya ezithombeni zevidiyo. Ezinye izici ezifana nokulungiswa kombala, ukusetshenziswa kwamalensi athile kanye ama-engeli ekhamera, ukulingisa okusanhlamvu kwefilimu kanye neminye imiphumela yangemuva kokukhiqiza isetshenziswa futhi.

Umqondo wavela lapho abenzi bamafilimu beqala ukuhlola izithombe zedijithali futhi bezama ukuphindaphinda ukubukeka kwesinema kumakhamera amancane edijithali. Umgomo wawuwukwenza lokho abanye abakubuka njengesithombe sedijithali esingalungisiwe kubukeke “ngokwesinema” noma “ifilimu” ngokulingisa eduze isitoko sefilimu, amasu okukhanyisa, amalensi nezinye izici ezihlobene nefomethi yesithombe esinyakazayo esivamile.

Ngokukhohlisa nokulungisa ngokucophelela izici ezihlukahlukene, abenzi befilimu bafuna ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicishe zifane nalezo eziphuma kumakhamera wefilimu kuyilapho besebenzisa isivinini sobuchwepheshe bedijithali nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

• Lawula futhi wengeze ukukhanya kuvidiyo
• Ukulungiswa kombala
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-lens athile kanye ama-engeli ekhamera
• Ukulingisa okusanhlamvu kwefilimu
• Eminye imiphumela yangemva kokukhiqiza

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amathuluzi amaningi athuthukiswa ngokukhethekile ukuze afeze lesi sitayela noma aguqule izithombe zevidiyo zibe into ethile yokhuni noma “eqoshwe ifilimu.” Lawa mathuluzi manje aselungiselelwa umabonakude izinhlelo, izikhangiso, amadokhumenti kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zeminye imiklamo yefilimu efuna ikhwalithi ethile yobuhle engatholakali kumasu ajwayelekile okukhiqiza amavidiyo. Nanamuhla abanye abenzi bamafilimu basancamela ukushutha ngedijithali kodwa bafake izicelo ukukhiqizwa ngemuva izihlungi eziyenza ibonakale sengathi idutshulwe ku-celluloid esikhundleni salokho.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zokubukeka Kwefilimu

Ukubukeka kwefilimu igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isitayela sobuhle esisetshenziswa lapho kuqoshwa ividiyo namamuvi enikeza okuqoshiwe okuthile “bheka”. Leli gama lisuka ekutheni kubukeka sengathi izithombe zishuthwe efilimini. Ibonakala ngokuthi ukuchayeka, umbala, aqhathanise futhi ukuthungwa ezihlukile kulokho okungatholakala uma izithombe ezifanayo zidutshulwa ngekhamera yedijithali.

Ukubukeka kohlobo ngalunye lokubukeka kwefilimu kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngesitoko sefilimu esisetshenzisiwe kanye nendlela esetshenzwe ngayo. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Imibala egcwele (njengakumafilimu okuqala e-Technicolor)
• Imibala ephelelwe amandla (njengakumafilimu amaningi esimanje)
• Ukhiye ophakeme Ukukhanyisa (lapho yonke indawo noma ingxenye enkulu yesigcawu ikhanya ngokugqamile)
• Ukhiye ophansi Ukukhanyisa (lapho izithunzi zidlala ingxenye ebalulekile)
• High aqhathanise, lapho kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezingxenye ezikhanyayo nezimnyama zesithombe

Ukubukeka kwefilimu kungafinyelela ukujula okungcono kumashothi abanzi namashothi aseduze kanye nokukhanya kwangaphandle okukholisayo uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amashothi athwetshulwe ngamakhamera edijithali. Kuya ngokuthi lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zokubukeka kwefilimu zisetshenziswe kanjani zibe iphrojekthi yefilimu noma yevidiyo, zingangeza okwangempela noma zidale isimo se-surreal jikelele.

Ungayithola Kanjani Ukubukeka Kwefilimu

Ukubukeka kwefilimu, noma "ukuthwebula ifilimu" njengoba kwaziwa futhi, kuyindlela ye-cinematography ehlose ukwenza izithombe zedijithali zibukeke njengefilimu yendabuko. Lokhu kungafezwa ngamasu ahlukahlukene, futhi sekuye kwaduma kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola indlela yokufeza a ukubukeka kwefilimu, kanye namasu ahlukahlukene kanye nemishini esetshenziswa ukukufeza lokho.

• Qonda ukuthi ifilimu ibukeka kanjani nokuthi kungani isetshenziswa.
• Funda mayelana namasu ahlukene asetshenziselwa ukufeza ukubukeka kwefilimu.
• Zitholele ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswa ukudala ukubukeka kwefilimu.

Lighting

Ukudala ukubukeka kwesinema ngempela kufilimu yakho akuyona into encane futhi idinga ukunakwa okujulile ekuqondisweni kobuciko, i-cinematography, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwangemuva. Isinyathelo ngasinye senqubo yokwenza ifilimu sinomthelela “ekubukekeni” kwefilimu, kodwa kunzima ukungakunaki ukubaluleka kokukhanyisa. Ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamasu okukhanyisa nokuqina kungasiza ekudaleni ukubukeka okumangalisayo okunikeza ababukeli 'umuzwa we-movie' wakudala.

Ukukhanyisa kungasetshenziswa ukusungula isimo, ithoni, imizwa kanye nesenzo endaweni yesehlakalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ulwela ukubukeka kwefilimu okuhlukile okungenisa izigcawu ezigxile kakhulu nezikhathi ezihehayo. Nakuba ukuphinda kudalwe amasu asetshenziswa kumamuvi endabuko angu-35mm akudingekile kwabafuna ukwenza amafilimu, ukuqonda ukuthi imaphi amasu aholela emiphumeleni eguquguqukayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kuwo wonke amanani okukhiqiza anoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ezimele.

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu lapho udala 'ukubukeka kwefilimu' ukudala ibhalansi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo noma yokwenziwa, ukukhanya okulingana kuzodala ukuthungwa okucebile kukho kokubili abalingisi bakho nezilungiselelo ngaphakathi kwefilimu yakho.

• ukukhanya okuyisihluthulelo (umthombo onamandla)
• Gcwalisa ukukhanya (ukukhanya okufiphele okusetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa izithunzi)
• Ukukhanya kwe-Rim (i-backlight echaza izinto)

Amafilimu amaningi aseHollywood asebenzisa ukukhanya kwesinema ngezibani 'zamaphuzu' amathathu, kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukene kuye ngemiphumela efiselekayo izigcawu ezidingekayo;

1. Ukukhanya okuthambile vs Ukukhanya Okuqinile
2. Ukukhanyisa Kokusakaza vs Ukukhanyisa Kwemvelo njll.

Ziningi ezinye izici zobuchwepheshe ezidlala indima ebalulekile lapho ulwela lokho “kubukeka kwefilimu” okubalulekile, okuhlanganisa izihlungi/amalensi ekhamera njengezihlungi zokusakaza/amalensi ezindaba njll., izinqumo zohlaka ezifana nezilinganiso zokudubula njll., kodwa ukuba nolwazi oluqinile oluyisisekelo. mayelana nethiyori yokukhanyisa eyisisekelo izosebenza njengesisekelo sokuzuza ukuxoxwa kwezindaba okubonakalayo okuhle kakhulu!

Izilungiselelo zekhamera

Enye yezinto eziyinhloko zokuzuza ukubukeka kwefilimu ingokwakho izilungiselelo zekhamera. Uma kuziwa ekutholeni ukubukeka kwe-cinematic, esinye sezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzenze izinga lozimele oshutha ngalo. I okujwayelekile embonini yezithombe ezinyakazayo is 24 ozimele ngesekhondi (fps), futhi uma uhlose lokho kubukeka kwefilimu yakudala, yilokho okufanele ukufune.

Uma ushutha ividiyo yokubukeka kwefilimu, abanye bangacebisa ukuthi ukuthwebula ku-24fps kuzokusondeza ekubukekeni kwefilimu kunokushutha nganoma yisiphi esinye isilinganiso sozimele. Kodwa-ke, abanye abenzi bamafilimu bangase bakhethe ukushutha ngesivinini esiphezulu njengalokhu I-30 noma i-60 fps kuya ngesu labo lokuqopha. Ngokuvamile, kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu ukudubula ngokulungiswa okuphezulu kakhulu ikhamera yakho engakwazi ukusekela ngakho 24fps noma 30fps ukuba kuhle.

Ngaphezu kokushintsha izilungiselelo zakho eziphansi ze-fps, ukushintsha isivinini sakho sokuvala kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho uzuza umphumela wokuqopha. Ukudala ukufiphala kokunyakaza nokunyakaza—okuyizici ezibalulekile zesithombe sesinema—phokophela isivinini sokuvala

• 1 / 48th or 1 / 50th okwesibili lapho udubula ku-24fps
• 1 / 60th or 1 / 125th lapho udubula ku-60fps

Ukuze uthole amanye amanani ozimele, sebenzisa lesi sibali: http://theproavguy.com/wp/?page_id=90

Le ndlela isetshenziswe ochwepheshe kusukela ekufikeni kwamakhamera edijithali futhi kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi iyasebenza kaninginingi. Dlala ngesivinini esihlukile se-shutter namazinga ozimele ukuze uthole okukusebenzela kangcono!

Ukufakwa Kombala

Ukufakwa Kombala kuyinqubo yokushintsha nokuthuthukisa imibala yesithombe esithile noma isigcawu. Ngokuhlelwa kombala, abenzi befilimu bayakwazi ukuzuza ukubukeka abakufunayo kwefilimu yabo noma benze ukusabela okubonakalayo okufanele kunoma yisiphi isenzo esisesikrinini ngokushintsha umbala nokukhanya kuhlaka olunikeziwe.

Ukulungiswa kombala kungabandakanya izinguquko ezimbalwa ezifana nokuhlanganisa ibhalansi emhlophe nokuchayeka, kuyilapho amasu athuthuke kakhulu angasetshenziswa ukuze enze umphumela wesitayela, njengokusebenzisa i-split toning phendula isithombe esimnyama nesimhlophe sibe into efudumele noma ebanda, ekhulisa umehluko ukuze dala idrama eyengeziwe kuhlaka. Izindlela ezidlulele kakhulu zihilela ukushintsha wonke umbala wephalethi yesigcawu okungaholela emibaleni egqamile etholakala kumafilimu ezinganekwane zesayensi, noma imithunzi ethulisiwe etholakala kumafilimu asabekayo.

Ngokungeziwe ekudaleni ukubukeka okuthile kwesigcawu ngasinye ngaphakathi kwefilimu, ukugreda kombala nakho kubalulekile ekudaleni ukuqhubeka kuzo zonke izigcawu kanye nokusungula isitayela sokwenza ifilimu sisonke. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukulandelana okukodwa kwenzeka endlini ngokukhanya okufudumele futhi konke okunye kwenzeka ngaphandle ngokukhanya okubandayo bese ukulungisa amashothi ambalwa ngokugreda kungenza abonakale sengathi kwenzeke ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ezifanayo. Lokhu kusiza zonke izigcawu ukuthi zihlangane kangcono kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iziphi izimo ezithwetshulwe ngaphansi kwazo.

Isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, ukuqopha ividiyo inganikeza umuzwa "wesinema" otholakala kumafilimu afakiwe. Ukuthi ufuna ukudala ukubukeka kobuciko noma ukulingisa isitayela se-movie yakudala, ukubukeka kwefilimu noma "ukuqopha" kuyindlela ephelele yokufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Ngokulandela izinyathelo ezilula ezibalwe ngezansi, unganikeza ngisho nezigcawu ezithwetshulwe yimfundamakhwela isipiliyoni, ukubukeka okupholishiwe.

• Isinyathelo 1
• Isinyathelo 2
• Isinyathelo 3

Ungathuswa yi-jargon — phela wonke umuntu unokufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obungabasiza ukuthi bakhiqize ividiyo ebukeka njengengcweti ngokushesha!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.