I-Framerate: Iyini Futhi Kungani Ibalulekile?

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2022

Uma ubuka imuvi noma uhlelo lwethelevishini, noma udlala igeyimu yevidiyo, inani lamafreyimu aboniswa ngesekhondi ngalinye linquma ukuthi ukugqwayiza kuvela bushelelezi kangakanani. Le nombolo yozimele ngesekhondi yaziwa ngokuthi lozimele, noma FPS. Ibalulekile ngoba ingathinta kakhulu umuzwa wakho wokubuka. Lesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi yini lozimele ingukuthi futhi kungani ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwemidiya, ezokuzijabulisa, imidlalo, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Uhlaka lukalwa ngo ozimele ngesekhondi (FPS). I-fps ephakeme ngokuvamile isho ukugqwayiza okushelelayo njengoba kwenzeka izinguquko eziningi kakhulu ngomzuzwana ngamunye. I-Framerate iyisici esibalulekile uma kuziwa ekubukeni amafilimu, ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo nanoma yimiphi eminye imisebenzi ehilela ukunyakaza esibukweni. Uma ubuka amamuvi nezinhlelo ze-TV, izinga lozimele elijwayelekile noma 24FPS noma 30FPS; kwemidlalo nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga umsebenzi wesivinini esiphezulu, amafreyimu aphezulu afana nalokhu I-60FPS kungakhethwa.

Amafreyimu aphezulu adinga amandla amaningi okucubungula angakhuphula izikhathi zokulayisha isistimu kanjalo nokukunikeza okubonakalayo okuphezulu; amanani aphansi ozimele angaphinda alondoloze izinsiza zehadiwe ukuze ama-GPU nama-CPU asetshenziswe emisebenzini yentela eyengeziwe efana nokubala kwe-AI noma ukulingisa kwe-physics.

Yini i-Framerate?

Ukukalwa kwe fulemu isilinganiso sokuthi mangaki amafreyimu angawodwana aboniswa ngomzuzwana ngokulandelana okugqwayizayo noma kwevidiyo. Lena imethrikhi ebalulekile uma kuziwa ekudaleni a smooth motion effect ku-animation noma kuvidiyo. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-framerate, ukunyakaza kuhamba kahle.

Kulesi sihloko, sizodlula izisekelo ze-framerate futhi sixoxe ngokuthi kungani kubalulekile.

Izinhlobo zamafreyimu

Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafreyimu nokuthi kusho ukuthini ngomuzwa wakho wokubuka kungaba nzima kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezihlukene zamafreyimu okufanele zicatshangelwe, futhi ngayinye ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezihlukile uma kuziwa kokuqukethwe kwakho. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-framerate, isithombe sizovela kahle esikrinini sakho.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamafreyimu yilezi ezilandelayo:

• 24 ozimele ngesekhondi (FPS) - Leli izinga elijwayelekile lamafilimu amaningi afakiwe futhi belisetshenziswa kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhiqizwa kwefilimu. Inikeza ukunyakaza okungacwayizi kodwa ayinakho mayelana nemininingwane ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lozimele.
• 30 ozimele ngesekhondi (FPS) - Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikamabonakude nakumavidiyo ewebhu njengoba kunikeza ukunyakaza okushelelayo ngenkathi kugcinwa amaleveli emininingwane emihle. Futhi kuwukukhetha okudumile emidlalweni yevidiyo lapho ngokuvamile ungadingi ama-FPS angaphezu kuka-30 ukuze uthole igeyimu eshelelayo.
• 60 ozimele ngesekhondi (FPS) – Ngokungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwesilinganiso sozimele uma kuqhathaniswa no-24 FPS noma 30 FPS, lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulandelana kwesenzo esisheshayo njengoba kunikeza ukubukeka okushelelayo ngendlela emangalisayo ngaphandle kokucwayiza okuphazamisayo noma amajita. Ilungele futhi ukunyakaza okusheshayo njengoba izici ezikumavidiyo anyakazayo anekhwalithi ephezulu zizochazwa kahle futhi kube lula ukuzilandela ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezifiphalisayo.
• 120 ozimele ngesekhondi (FPS) - Lokhu ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa kuphela uma isivinini sokudlala sidingeka njengamashothi anyakazayo kancane noma imiphumela ekhethekile. Kuwusizo kakhulu ekudaleni okubonakalayo okumangalisayo okuhlinzeka ngokwangempela okwengeziwe nolwazi lokubuka olugxilile ngaphandle kokudidizela noma ukufiphala ngesikhathi sokudlala kunoma iyiphi ileveli yesivinini.

Izinzuzo zamafreyimu aphezulu

Izinga lozimele eliphezulu ingaba yinzuzo ngezindlela eziningi. Ezibukelini, ingathuthukisa ukuba ngokoqobo nokushelela kokupopayi, ikwenze kube lula ukugada izinto ezihamba ngokushesha noma ukunyakaza. Futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukufiphala kokunyakaza nokuhlinzeka okubonakalayo okubukhali ezigcawini zesenzo noma ngenkathi udlala imidlalo yevidiyo.

Izilinganiso zozimele eziphakeme zivumela ozimele abengeziwe ngomzuzwana (FPS) okusho ukuthi ukunyakaza kohlaka ngalunye oluvela esikrinini kulula futhi ukusikeka okushelelayo phakathi kwamafreyimu kwenziwa kwenzeke. Lokhu kunciphisa noma kuqeda i-choppiness evame ukubonakala ekunyakazeni okuncane. Izinga eliphezulu lozimele liphinde lisize izithombe zibonakale zicace ngokunxephezela ukufiphala kokunyakaza kanye nesipoki (ukufiphala okubangelwa isikhathi eside sokuchayeka).

Kubenzi befilimu, ama-framerates aphezulu anganikeza izinzuzo ezifana ukujula okwenyuka kwenkundla, okuvumela ukubonwa okunemininingwane eminingi ukuthi kubonwe kude kakhulu ikhamera. Le mininingwane eyengeziwe ivumela inkululeko enkulu yokudala lapho ubhala izithombe. Amazinga aphezulu ozimele angaphinda anciphise izinkinga zokubonakala ezenzeka ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yamazinga aphansi okukhanya kusukela kusivinini sokuvala isivalo esinensayo esisetshenziselwa ukuthwebula ukunyakaza ngamanani aphansi ozimele.

Sekukonke, ukuba nenketho yokudubula ngamafreyimu ezinombolo aphezulu kunikeza abenzi befilimu ukulawula okukhulu kokuthi izithombe zabo zizobukeka kanjani uma zibukwa ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ngenxa yalokho kuzuzisa uhla lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kokubili manje nokuqhubekela phambili kuzimo zokukhiqiza zesikhathi esizayo.

I-Framerate iyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yevidiyo?

Ukukalwa kwe fulemu iyingxenye ebalulekile yekhwalithi isiyonke yamavidiyo. Inquma inani lozimele eliboniswa ngesekhondi. Izilinganiso zozimele eziphakeme ziphumela kuvidiyo eshelelayo, efana nempilo. Izinga lozimele eliphansi lizokwenza ividiyo ibonakale iguquguquka futhi ingasheleli kangako.

Kulesi sigaba, sizobheka ukuthi i-framerate iyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yevidiyo:

I-Framerate ne-Motion Blur

Izinga lozimele levidiyo likalwa ngalo ozimele ngomzuzwana (fps). Kuthinta ukufiphala okucatshangwayo kokunyakaza kanye nokushelela okuvamile kwevidiyo. Uma izinga lozimele liphezulu, uthola ozimele abengeziwe isekhondi ngalinye, okusho ukuboniswa kokunyakaza okushelelayo nokunembe kakhudlwana.

Ukufiphala kokunyakaza yinto eyenzeka lapho into noma umuntu ehamba ngokushesha, okudala ukufiphala noma umphumela wokulandelana esikrinini sonke. Ngeshwa, lokhu akubukeki kukuhle kakhulu futhi kwenza amavidiyo akho abonakale enekhwalithi ephansi. Kuya ngokuthi izinto zihamba ngokushesha kangakanani endaweni yakho, uzodinga ukulungisa isilinganiso sakho sozimele ngokufanele ukuze unciphise ukufiphala kokunyakaza ngangokunokwenzeka.

• Ukuze izicelo eziningi ezifana ividiyo yansuku zonke nokusakazwa kwewebhu, I-30 fps inikeza amafreyimu amaningi ngomzuzwana kuyilapho igcina osayizi bamafayela abanengqondo.
• Ukwengeza izinga lozimele I-60 fps izophumela ekufiphaleni kokunyakaza okuthuthukisiwe kodwa futhi nosayizi bamafayela amakhulu ngenxa yokuphindwa kabili kwamafreyimu.
• Ezigcawini ezihamba kancane noma izimo lapho ukunemba kubalulekile khona njenge ukusakaza kwezemidlalo nemidlalo, abanye abathwebuli bevidiyo bakhetha amafreyimu aphezulu kakhulu asukela kuye I-240 fps ukuze uthole amashothi anyakazayo abushelelezi ngendlela emangalisayo - nakuba lokhu kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphela uma kunesidingo ngoba kukhulisa kakhulu usayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokunikeza ukuthuthuka okwanele okwanele kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zansuku zonke.

I-Framerate ne-Motion Artifacts

Ukukalwa kwe fulemu futhi izinto ezinyakazayo amagama amabili ayisihluthulelo okufanele uwaqonde lapho ucubungula ikhwalithi yevidiyo. Ama-artifacts anyakazayo bheka ukuhlanekezela okwenzeka lapho izinga lozimele bevidiyo liphansi kunesidingo ukuze kuboniswe izenzo ezithile, ikakhulukazi ukunyakaza okusheshayo kwezemidlalo nemisebenzi efana nekarati. Uma ukunyakaza kushesha kakhulu ku-framerarate, kungabangela umahluleli noma usalele esithombeni okwenza kube nzima noma kungenzeki ukubuka kahle isenzo, okuholela esithombeni esihlanekezelwe noma esingaphelele.

Ngaphezu kokudala ukuhlanekezelwa kwezithombe, ama-framerate aphansi angaba nomthelela kwezinye izici zekhwalithi yevidiyo ngokunciphisa ukucijile, ukugqama nokukhanya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlaka oluphansi lusho ukuthi ozimele abengeziwe bayadingeka ukuze kuboniswe kahle okuqukethwe okunyakazayo—ngaleyo ndlela kwehliswe ikhwalithi yokubuka yozimele ngamunye. Ngokuqukethwe okusakazwa bukhoma okubukwa kuziqaphi zekhompiyutha nama-smartphone, amafreyimu kufanele amiswe kancane kokuthi 30 fps (ozimele ngesekhondi) ngemininingwane yokunyakaza eyamukelekayo enezikrini ezinkulu njengalezo ezitholakala kuma-TV ezivumela eduze I-60 fps ngokumelela ukunyakaza okushelelayo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi abakhangisi nabasakazi ngokufanayo baqonde ukuthi ama-artifact anyakazayo asebenza kanjani ngokuphathelene nokusakaza ividiyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amavidiyo asakazwa ngendlela efanele ukuze anganciphisi ukwaneliseka kwababukeli. Ukusebenzisa izilinganiso zozimele eziphezulu kuvumela izibukeli ukuthi zijabulele okuqukethwe okubukhoma ngaphandle kokukhohliswa noma ukuhlanekezelwa kwezithombe kuyilapho kunciphisa izinkinga zokubhafa ezihlobene nezilungiselelo eziphansi ze-fps. Ngokuqonda ukuthi i-framerate iyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yevidiyo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi amavidiyo akho afinyelela izithameli ezihlosiwe ngendlela ejabulisayo nelula.

Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Amafreyimu

Ukukalwa kwe fulemu kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe uma kukhulunywa ngemidlalo, ukuhlela ividiyo, ngisho nokusakaza. Uma izinga lozimele liphezulu, izibukeli zizoba bushelelezi. Ukuthuthukisa i-framerate kungakusiza ukuthi uthole ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwehadiwe yakho.

Kulesi sigaba, sizoxoxa ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuthi khulisa isilinganiso sakho sozimele ukuze uthole amageyimu nokusakaza-bukhoma okungcono:

Lungisa Izilungiselelo Zekhamera

Ukulungisa izilungiselelo zekhamera yakho kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lozimele, kukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule ividiyo ebushelelezi. Lokhu kungasukela ekuvuleni imodi yesivinini esikhulu njenge 30 ozimele ngesekhondi (fps) ukulungisa izilungiselelo zokuchayeka njenge indawo yokuvula kanye nesivinini se-shutter.

Kufanele futhi uvale noma yiziphi izici zokuzinzisa isithombe noma izici zebanga eliguqukayo ikhamera yakho enazo ukuze wandise ukulinganisa kozimele. Ukwengeza, cabanga ngokudubula RAW uma kwenzeka, okuvumela ikhwalithi ephezulu yokurekhoda nokuhlela kunefomethi ye-JPEG evamile.

Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukunika amandla yonke imiphumela etholakalayo yokufiphalisa ukunyakaza uma itholakala ukuze kuncishiswe ama-artifact anyakazayo futhi kudalwe ukuqoshwa okushelelayo kukonke:

• Nika amandla yonke imiphumela etholakalayo yokufiphalisa ukunyakaza.

Sebenzisa amakhodekhi evidiyo ekhwalithi ephezulu

Ukuze ufinyelele izinga lozimele elingcono kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ividiyo yekhwalithi ephezulu codecs njenge H.264, HEVC, VP9 noma AV1. Lawa makhodekhi ayakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngenani elikhulu lemininingwane yesithombe nomsindo kuyilapho egcina izinga lebhithi eliphansi. Lokhu kuvumela okuphakelayo kwevidiyo ukuthi kusebenze kahle uma usebenzisa umkhawulokudonsa nezisetshenziswa ku-PC yakho futhi kungasiza ukwandisa ukusebenza kakhulu lapho usakaza noma uqopha.

Nakuba lokhu kungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwedatha okwengeziwe, kuyinani elincane ukukhokhela ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe engcono. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa ama-codec ekhwalithi ephezulu nakho kungenza nciphisa osayizi bamafayela njengoba bekwazi ukucindezela imidiya ngempumelelo kunamafomethi ekhwalithi ephansi njenge I-MPEG-2 noma i-DivX.

Yehlisa Ukulungiswa Kwevidiyo

Uma ubheke ukuthuthukisa izinga lozimele, enye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uyicabangele ukunciphisa ukulungiswa kwevidiyo yakho. Uma ukulungiswa kuphansi, amaphikseli ambalwa kufanele asingathwe yi-GPU yakho ne-CPU, ngakho-ke kuvumela inani elikhulu lozimele ngomzuzwana. Ukwehlisa ukulungiswa kungathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ama-framerates kumageyimu inqobo nje uma kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesizathu. Ukwehla kakhulu kungase kubangele umuzwa ongadlaleki noma ukuntuleka kwemininingwane emhlabeni wegeyimu.

Enye inzuzo yokunciphisa ukulungiswa kwevidiyo ukukhulula izinsiza zesistimu kweminye imisebenzi ehlobene nokudlala njengokusebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukubambezeleka kukonke futhi kukhuphule ukusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kusistimu yakho.

Kumapulatifomu e-PC, izinqumo ezihlukene zivame ukufinyelelwa kumamenyu wezilungiselelo zegeyimu noma ngesofthiwe yomshayeli wokubonisa (isb. isofthiwe ye-Radeon ye-AMD). Kuya ngokuthi imidlalo yakho idingeka kangakanani, ngisho nokusetha isinyathelo esisodwa phansi kusukela ezinqumweni “zendabuko” kungenza umehluko (okungukuthi, uma ukulungiswa kwakho komdabu kungu-1920×1080, zama u-800×600). Kufanele futhi ukwazi ukuguqula amazinga anti-aliasing lapha futhi; ibhalansi enhle phakathi kokusebenza kanye nokwethembeka kwesithombe kufanele kufinyelelwe lapho kunciphisa ukulungiswa futhi kwehliswa amazinga aphikisana nokuhlukaniswa ngokulinganayo ndawonye kuye ngamakhono wehadiwe.

Isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, lozimele iyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwevidiyo. Kuthinta indlela izithombe eziboniswa ngayo kubabukeli futhi kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ikhwalithi yokubuka yemidiya. Amafilimu amaningi aqoshwa kuwo Ama-24 ozimele ngomzuzwana, kuyilapho izinhlelo zethelevishini ngokuvamile ziqoshwa ku- Ama-30 ozimele ngomzuzwana - nakuba lokhu kusanda kunyuselwa 60 omabonakude besimanje. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, amafreyimu aphezulu njenge 120 FPS noma ngisho 240 FPS ingase ibe usizo ezibukelini ezihehayo.

Lapho ukhetha ikhamera efanelekile kanye nezinto zokusebenza zephrojekthi yakho, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabangele uhlaka olufunayo njengoba lunomshini onjalo. umthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yesithombe.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.