Amajib ekhamera: ayini?

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: July 10, 2022

Udinga ukwenza ifilimu kanzima ukuze ufinyelele izindawo noma ishothi ethile ngokuswayipha okubushelelezi kwelensi? Ngena….i ikhamera jib.

I-jib yekhamera iyithuluzi elifana ne-crane elisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ifilimu nevidiyo ukuze kuzuzwe ukunyakaza kwekhamera okubushelelezi. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-crane yekhamera, i-boom yekhamera, noma ingalo yekhamera. Idivayisi igxunyekwe kusisekelo esingakwazi ukuya kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, okuvumela ikhamera ukuthi ihambe kuhlaka.

I-jib ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza ifilimu ezindaweni okunzima ukuzifinyelela, noma ukudala ukunyakaza kwekhamera okushukumisayo nokuthakazelisayo. Lo mhlahlandlela uzofaka ukuthi iyini i-jib, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi ungayisebenzisa nini ekwenziweni kwefilimu yakho nakwividiyo.

Ukuqonda amaJibs: Ziyini Futhi Zisebenza Kanjani?

Yini iJib?

I-jib iwucezu lwesisetshenziswa esikhethekile esiza o-opharetha bekhamera ukuthi bathwebule izithombe obekungeke kwenzeke noma kube nzima kakhulu ukuzenza. Kufana nesaha, elinekhamera efakwe kolunye uhlangothi kanye ne-counterweight ngakolunye. Lokhu kuvumela u-opharetha wekhamera ukuthi aphakamise futhi ehlise ikhamera ngokushelela ngenkathi igcina isibhamu singanyakazi.

Iyini i-Crane Shot?

I-crane shot iwuhlobo lweshothi ovamise ukulibona kumamuvi. Kulapho ikhamera iphakanyiswa futhi isuke esihlokweni, inikeze umuzwa oshanelayo, wesinema ekuthwebuleni. Kuyindlela enhle yokwengeza idrama nokushuba kwesigcawu.

Ungayenza kanjani i-DIY Jib

Ukwenza i-jib yakho akunzima njengoba ungase ucabange. Okudingayo nje:

• I-tripod eqinile
• Isigxobo eside
• Ukukhweza ikhamera
• I-counterweight

Uma usunazo zonke izingcezu, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-jib bese uqala ukudubula! Vele uqiniseke ukuthi une-spotter nawe ukuze ikusize ugcine isibhamu sizinzile.

Yini I-Deal with Jibs?

Ukulawula amaJibs

Ama-Jibs angalawulwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa okuvame kakhulu ukwenziwa ngesandla noma ngesilawuli kude. Uma usebenzisa i-jib enamamotho kagesi, ungakwazi ukuyilawula ukude. Ama-jib amaningi afika nesistimu yokulawula kude, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuthi ubheke kusitholi sokubuka sekhamera. Futhi, ungakwazi ukulungisa ukugxila kwekhamera, ukusondeza, nokunye ukusebenza ngenkathi isemoyeni.

Amakhanda Akude

Ama-jib amakhulu, ama-fancier ngokuvamile afika namakhanda akude. Lezi zisekela ikhamera futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ulungise i-pan, ukutshekisa, ukugxila, nezilungiselelo zokusondeza.

Okubalulekile Kwamazinga

Uma kuziwa kuma-jibs, usayizi ubalulekile. Ungathola ama-jib amancane amakhamera aphathwa ngesandla, alungele ukukhiqizwa okuncane. Kodwa nabancane bangenza izinto ezifanayo nezinkulu.

Ukusebenza kweJib

Kuye ngokusetha, ungase udinge umuntu oyedwa noma ababili ukuze usebenzise i-jib. Umuntu oyedwa usebenzisa ingalo/i-boom, kanti omunye usebenzisa i-pan/tilt/zoom yekhanda elikude.

I-Crane Shots kuma-Movie

I-La La Land (2017)

Ah, La La Land. Imuvi esenze sonke safuna ukufunda ukuthepha ukudansa nokushayela ngokushintshashintshayo okuphuzi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi indawo yokuvula yadutshulwa ngejib yekhamera? Kube yinselelo enkulu kochwepheshe bamakhamera ukuzungeza izimoto ezimile nabadansi, ikakhulukazi njengoba uthelawayeka wawutshekile. Kodwa konke bekufanelekile ekugcineni - isigcawu sabeka ithoni ekahle kuyo yonke ifilimu futhi sasethula e-Los Angeles.

Ngesinye isikhathi eHollywood (2019)

U-Quentin Tarantino akayena umuntu ongaziwa ekusebenziseni ama-jibs ezithombeni ze-panoramic nokulandelela. Encwadini ethi Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, wazisebenzisa ukwengeza umoya nomongo esigcawini 'sendlu kaRick'. Ekupheleni kwesigcawu, ikhamera enkulu ye-jib ihamba kancane isuka phezulu kwekhaya lase-Hollywood ukuze iveze imigwaqo yasebusuku ethule yasendaweni. Bekuyisithombe esihle esasenza sonke safuna ukuthatha uhambo oluya eHollywood.

Ukuqonda AmaJibs Ekhamera Okukhiqiza Okubonakalayo

Ayini ama-Camera Jibs?

Amajib ekhamera izingcezu zemishini esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwefilimu nomabonakude ukuze kwakheke ukunyakaza kwekhamera okushelelayo, okushanelayo. Ahlanganisa ingalo ende ekwazi ukunyakaziswa phezulu naphansi, futhi uhlangothi kuya ohlangothini, okuvumela ikhamera ukuthi ihambe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Kungani I-Camera Jibs Ibalulekile Ekukhiqizeni Okubonakalayo?

Uma kuziwa ekukhiqizeni okubonakalayo, i-jib oyikhethayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungahlosiwe (okungukuthi noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungafakwanga ikhodi noma okungalandelelwe) okubangelwa i-jib kungabangela izithombe ezibonakalayo ukuthi 'zintante' futhi ziphule inkohliso. Ukuze ulwe nalokhu, amajib e-VP adinga ukuba asindayo, aqine, futhi aqine kakhulu.

Imaphi Ama-Jibs Ekhamera Angcono Kakhulu Okukhiqizwa Okubonakalayo?

Ama-jib ekhamera angcono kakhulu okukhiqizwa okubonakalayo yilawo anawo wonke ama-ax afakwe ikhodi, noma anesistimu yokulandelela enamathiselwe kuwo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uthwebule idatha yokunyakaza kwekhamera ukuze izici ezibonakalayo zesithombe zihambe ngendlela efanayo ncamashi nesithombe sekhamera sangempela.

Amabili amajib ekhamera adume kakhulu okukhiqizwa okubonakalayo yi-Mo-Sys's e-Crane kanye ne-Robojib. Zakhiwe ngokukhethekile ngezidingo zokukhiqiza okubonakalayo, okwangempela okunwetshiwe (XR), kanye neqiniso elingeziwe (AR) engqondweni.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zeJib Shots

Ukusungula Shots

Uma ufuna ukusetha isigameko, akukho okukwenza kangcono kunokudubula kwe-jib! Noma ngabe ubheke ukubukisa ngobuhle bendawo noma ukuchithwa kwayo, i-jib shot ingakusiza ukuthi ukwenze.

• Ku-"Blade Runner 2049", i-jib shot pan ezungeze amanxiwa ase-Las Vegas, ebonisa ukungabi nampilo kwendawo.
• Emiculweni, ama-jib shots angasetshenziswa ukudala ukwakheka njengoba isuka kude nezihloko, okuholela ekupheleni kwesimo sezulu.

Isenzo Shots

Uma udinga ukuthwebula izenzo eziningi ngokuthatha okukodwa, i-jib shot iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo!

• Ku-“The Avengers”, ijib yadubula izungeza wonke amaqhawe njengoba ehlangana ndawonye empini yokugcina yamafilimu.
• Izimakethe zezimoto zivame ukusebenzisa izithombe ze-jib ukuze zibonise umkhiqizo njengoba usetshenziswa.

Bonisa Isixuku

Uma udinga ukukhombisa isixuku esikhulu, i-jib shot iwukubheja kwakho okuhle kakhulu.

• Ku-"Silence of the Lambs", isithombe se-jib sikhombisa u-Hannibal Lecter enyamalala emgwaqeni ophithizelayo.
• Ezimakethe zomkhiqizo, ama-jib shots angasetshenziswa ukukhombisa umkhiqizo njengoba usetshenziswa.

Ukwazi Ama-Cranes Ekhamera

Yini i-Camera Crane?

Uma uke wabuka imuvi futhi wazibuza ukuthi bathole kanjani leso sithombe esimangalisayo seqhawe elihamba lisuka kukhamera ngenkathi ikhamera ihamba kancane, khona-ke usubone i-crane yekhamera isebenza. I-crane yekhamera, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-jib noma i-boom, iyithuluzi elivumela ikhamera ukuthi ihambe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nama-engeli. Iqukethe i-counterweight, imishini yokulawula nokuqapha, kanye nekhamera ohlangothini olulodwa.

Izinhlobo zama-Cranes ekhamera

Uma kuziwa kuma-cranes wekhamera, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukene ongakhetha kuzo:

• Isenzo Esilula AmaJib Angunxande: Lawa ma-cranes asebenzisa amabha amabili ahambisanayo kodwa aguquguqukayo. Njengoba i-crane ihamba, ikhamera ingahlala ikhombe esihlokweni. I-Varizoom, i-iFootage, i-ProAm, ne-Came yenza lezi zinhlobo zama-cranes. Ngokuvamile zenziwa nge-aluminium noma nge-carbon fiber futhi zibiza kancane.

• I-Remote Head Cranes: Lawa ma-cranes adinga i-pan nekhanda elikude ukuze anikeze imisebenzi yokunyakaza kwekhamera. Ngokuvamile ziwumsebenzi onzima futhi zibiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zama-cranes. Ama-Jimmy jibs, ama-Eurocranes, nama-Porta-Jibs ayizibonelo zala ma-cranes.

• AmaCrane Asiza Ikhebula: Lawa ma-cranes asebenzisa ikhanda eliwuketshezi ukuze adambise ukutsheka kanye nokupheneka kwe-crane. I-Varavon, i-Hauge, ne-CobraCrane ziyizibonelo zala ma-cranes. Ngokuvamile yizona zindleko ezingabizi kakhulu ukuzithenga futhi kubiza kancane ukuzisebenza.

Isiphetho

Uma ubheke ukuyisa igeyimu yakho ye-cinematography ezingeni elilandelayo, i-jib yekhamera iyindlela enhle kakhulu. Akugcini nje ngokukunikeza indlela ehlukile yokuthwebula izithombe, kodwa futhi ikunikeza amandla okuhambisa ikhamera ngezindlela ebezingeke zikhoneke. Futhi, kumnandi kakhulu! Ngakho-ke, kungani ungayiboni? Phela abawabizi “ngamaJibs of Life” ngeze!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.