I-Laptop: Iyini Futhi Inamandla Enele Ukuhlela Ividiyo?

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 25, 2022

Ikhompuyutha ephathekayo iyithuluzi elisebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi abantu abalisebenzisela umsebenzi, isikole, futhi badlale, futhi ingelinye lamathuluzi angcono kakhulu ukuhlela ividiyo. Ikhompuyutha ephathekayo iyikhompyutha ephathwayo enamandla ongayisebenzisela ukuhlela ividiyo ngoba ingakwazi ukusingatha izidingo zokucubungula ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo. isofthiwe.

Kulesi sihloko, ngizochaza ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokho.

Umlando Omfishane Wamakhompiyutha Aphathekayo

I-Dynabook Concept

Ngo-1968, u-Alan Kay we-Xerox PARC waba nombono “womuntu siqu, isikhohlisi solwazi esiphathwayo” asibiza ngokuthi i-Dynabook. Wakuchaza ephepheni lango-1972, futhi kwaba yisisekelo sekhompyutha yesimanje ephathekayo.

I-IBM Special Computer APL Machine Portable (SCAMP)

Ngo-1973, i-IBM yabonisa i-SCAMP, i-prototype esekelwe kuphrosesa ye-IBM PALM. Lokhu ekugcineni kuholele ku-IBM 5100, ikhompuyutha yokuqala etholakalayo etholakala kwezohwebo, eyakhululwa ngo-1975.

I-Epson HX-20

Ngo-1980, i-Epson HX-20 yasungulwa futhi yakhululwa ngo-1981. Bekuyikhompyutha yokuqala enosayizi we-laptop futhi inesisindo esingu-3.5 lbs kuphela. Yayine-LCD isikrini, ibhethri elishajekayo, kanye nephrinta yosayizi wokubala.

I-R2E Miral CCMC

Ngo-1980, inkampani yaseFrance i-R2E Micral CCMC yakhipha i-microcomputer yokuqala ephathekayo. Yayisekelwe kuphrosesa ye-Intel 8085, ene-RAM engu-64 KB, a ikhibhodi, isikrini esinezinhlamvu ezingu-32, i-floppy disk, nephrinta eshisayo. Yayinesisindo esingu-12 kg futhi inikeze ukuhamba okuphelele.

I-Osborne 1

Ngo-1981, i-Osborne 1 yakhululwa. Kwakuyikhompyutha ethwalayo esebenzisa i-Zilog Z80 CPU futhi inesisindo esingamaphawundi angu-24.5. Yayingenabhethri, isikrini esingu-5 ku-CRT, kanye ne-5.25 ekabili kuma-floppy drives anobukhulu obubodwa.

Flip Form Factor Laptops

Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, kwavela amalaptop okuqala asebenzisa i-flip form factor. I-Dulmont Magnum yakhululwa e-Australia ngo-1981-82, kwathi i-US$8,150 GriD Compass 1101 yakhululwa ngo-1982 futhi yasetshenziswa yi-NASA namasosha.

Amasu Okufaka Nezibonisi

Ngo-1983, amasu amasha amaningana okufaka athuthukiswa futhi afakwa kuma-laptops, okuhlanganisa i-touch pad, induku yokukhomba, nokuqashelwa kokubhala ngesandla. Izibonisi zafinyelela ku-640 × 480 ukulungiswa ngo-1988, futhi izikrini zombala zaba yinto evamile ngo-1991. Ama-hard drive aqala ukusetshenziswa ezintweni eziphathwayo, futhi ngo-1989 i-Siemens PCD-3Psx laptop yakhululwa.

Umsuka Wamalaptops kanye Namabhuku Amanothi

aphathekayo

Igama elithi 'laptop' laqala ukusetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwawo-1980 ukuchaza ikhompyutha ephathwayo engasetshenziswa emathangeni omuntu. Lona kwakuwumqondo woguquko ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba okuwukuphela kwawo amanye amakhompyutha aphathwayo ayetholakala esinda kakhulu futhi aziwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi 'izimpahla ezithwalayo'.

notebooks

Igama elithi 'notebook' laqala ukusetshenziswa kamuva, lapho abakhiqizi beqala ukukhiqiza amadivaysi aphathekayo amancane nalula. Lawa madivayisi abe nesibonisi esilingana nosayizi wephepha le-A4, futhi athengiswa njengezincwadi zokubhalela ukuze ahlukanise phakathi kwamakhompyutha aphathekayo amakhulu.

Namuhla

Namuhla, amagama athi 'laptop' kanye 'notebook' asetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela imvelaphi yawo ehlukene.

Izinhlobo zamaLaptops

Ama-Classics

• I-Compaq Armada: Le laptop yasekupheleni kwawo-1990 yayiyihhashi elikwazi ukuphatha noma yini oyiphonsa kuyo.
• I-Apple MacBook Air: Le khompuyutha ephathekayo inesisindo esingaphansi kwe-3.0 lb (1.36 kg), iyenze ibe ukukhetha okuhle kulabo abasohambeni.
• I-Lenovo IdeaPad: Le khompuyutha ephathekayo yayiklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke futhi yayinokulinganisela okuhle kwezici kanye nentengo.
• I-Lenovo ThinkPad: Le khompuyutha ephathekayo yebhizinisi ekuqaleni ibiwumkhiqizo we-IBM futhi yakhelwe ukwethembeka nokuhlala isikhathi eside.

AmaHybrid

• I-Asus Transformer Pad: Le thebhulethi eyi-hybrid yayinikwa amandla yi-Android OS futhi yayiyinhle kulabo ababefuna okungcono kakhulu kuyo yomibili imihlaba.
• I-Microsoft Surface Pro 3: Le 2-in-1 ekhiphekayo yakhelwe ukuthi ibe ikhompuyutha ephathekayo nethebhulethi endaweni eyodwa.
• Ikhompyutha ephathekayo ye-Alienware Gaming: Le khompuyutha ephathekayo yakhelwe ukudlala futhi inekhibhodi ekhanyiswe ngemuva kanye nephedi yokuthinta.
• I-Samsung Sens Laptop: Le laptop yakhelwe labo ababefuna umshini onamandla ngaphandle kokugqekeza ibhange.
• I-Panasonic Toughbook CF-M34: Le laptop/i-subnotebook emagebhugebhu yakhelwe labo ababedinga ikhompuyutha ephathekayo ekwazi ukushaywa.

Ama-Convergences

• 2-in-1 Okutholakalayo: Lawa makhompuyutha aphathekayo aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa njengakho kokubili ikhompuyutha ephathekayo nethebulethi, futhi afaka isibonisi sesikrini esithintwayo kanye ne-x86-architecture CPU.
• Okuguquguqukayo okungu-2-in-1: Lawa makhompuyutha aphathekayo anamandla okufihla ikhibhodi yehadiwe futhi aguqule esuka kukhompuyutha ephathekayo abe yithebhulethi.
• I-Hybrid Tablets: Lawa madivayisi ahlanganisa izici zekhompuyutha ephathekayo nethebulethi, futhi alungele labo abafuna okungcono kakhulu kwemihlaba yomibili.

Isiphetho

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo asehambe ibanga elide selokhu asungulwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970. Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhompiyutha aphathekayo atholakalayo, kusukela ku-Compaq Armada yakudala kuya kweyamanje engu-2-in-1 ephathekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyini izidingo zakho, ngokuqinisekile kuzoba nekhompyutha ephathekayo ehambisana nendlela yakho yokuphila.

Ukuqhathanisa i-Laptop ne-Desktop Components

Khombisa

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuboniswa kwelaptop, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-LCD ne-OLED. Ama-LCD ayinketho yendabuko, kuyilapho ama-OLED aya ngokuya ethandwa. Zombili izinhlobo zokubonisa zisebenzisa i-Low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) noma iphrothokholi eshumekiwe ye-DisplayPort ukuze ixhume kukhompuyutha ephathekayo.

Uma kukhulunywa ngosayizi wezibonisi zekhompuyutha ephathekayo, ungazithola ngosayizi abasuka ku-11″ ukuya ku-16″. 14″ amamodeli adume kakhulu phakathi kwemishini yebhizinisi, kuyilapho amamodeli amakhulu namancane etholakala kodwa awavamile kangako.

Izibonisi zangaphandle

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo amaningi ayakwazi ukuxhuma kuzibonisi zangaphandle, okukunikeza inketho yokwenza imisebenzi eminingi kalula. Ukulungiswa kwesibonisi nakho kungenza umehluko, ngokulungiswa okuphezulu okuvumela izinto eziningi ukuthi zilingane esikrinini ngesikhathi.

Selokhu kwethulwa i-MacBook Pro enesibonisi se-Retina ngo-2012, kube nokukhula kokutholakala kwezibonisi ze-“HiDPI” (noma ukuminyana okuphezulu kwePixel). Lezi zibonisi ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengento ephakeme kunamaphikseli angu-1920 ububanzi, nezinqumo ezingu-4K (3840-pixel-wide) ziya ngokuya ziduma.

I-Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Ama-laptops e-CPU aklanyelwe ukuthi asebenzise amandla kakhudlwana futhi akhiqize ukushisa okuncane kunama-CPU edeskithophu. Amakhompyutha aphathekayo amaningi esimanje afaka okungenani ama-processor cores amabili, ama-cores amane ayinto evamile. Amanye ama-laptops aze afake ama-cores angaphezu kwamane, okuvumela amandla engeziwe nokusebenza kahle.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa I-Laptop

Ukukhiqiza

Ukusebenzisa ikhompuyutha ephathekayo ezindaweni lapho i-PC yedeskithophu ingakwazi ukusetshenziswa kungasiza abasebenzi nabafundi bakhulise ukukhiqiza kwabo emsebenzini noma emisebenzini yesikole. Isibonelo, isisebenzi sasehhovisi singakwazi ukufunda ama-imeyili omsebenzi ngesikhathi sohambo olude, noma umfundi angenza umsebenzi wakhe wesikole esitolo sekhofi sasenyuvesi ngesikhathi sekhefu phakathi kwezifundo.

Ulwazi Olusha

Ukuba nekhompyutha ephathekayo eyodwa kuvimbela ukuhlukana kwamafayela kuma-PC amaningi, njengoba amafayela ekhona endaweni eyodwa futhi ehlala ehambisana nesikhathi.

Ukuxhumana

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo afika nezici zokuxhuma ezididiyelwe njenge-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuxhumeka kumanethiwekhi weselula ngokuhlanganisa komdabu noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-hotspot.

Usayizi

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo mancane kunama-PC edeskithophu, awenza abe mahle ezindlini ezincane nasezindlini zokulala zabafundi. Uma ingasetshenziswa, ikhompuyutha ephathekayo ingavalwa futhi ibekwe ekhabetheni ledeski.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuphansi

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo anamandla ngokuphindwe kaningi kunamadeskithophu, asebenzisa u-10-100 W uma kuqhathaniswa no-200-800W wamadeskithophu. Lokhu kuhle kumabhizinisi amakhulu nasemakhaya lapho kukhona ikhompuyutha esebenza 24/7.

Quiet

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo ngokuvamile athule kakhulu kunamadeskithophu, ngenxa yezingxenye zawo (njengamadrayivu e-solid-state athule) kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okuncane. Lokhu kudale ukuthi kube namalaptop angenazo izingxenye ezihambayo, okuholela ekuthuleni okuphelele ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

Battery

Ikhompuyutha ephathekayo ephathekayo ingaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ugesi ucisha, futhi ayithinteki ukuphazamiseka okufushane kukagesi nokucisha.

Ububi bokusebenzisa iLaptop

Ukusebenza

Yize amakhompyutha aphathekayo ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile njengokuphequlula iwebhu, ukudlala ividiyo, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasehhovisi, ukusebenza kwawo kuvame ukushoda kumadeskithophu anenani eliqhathanisekayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo anomkhawulo mayelana nokuthuthukiswa, ngenxa yezizathu zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho. Amadrayivu aqinile nenkumbulo kungathuthukiswa kalula, kodwa i-motherboard, i-CPU, nezithombe akuvamisile ukuthuthukiswa ngokusemthethweni.

I-Fact Factor

Asikho isici esijwayelekile sembonini yonke samakhompyutha aphathekayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola izingxenye zokulungisa nokuthuthukiswa. Ukwengeza, kusukela ngamamodeli ka-2013, ama-laptops asehlanganiswe kakhulu nebhodi lomama.

Ama-Laptop Brands nabakhiqizi

Imikhiqizo emikhulu

Uma kukhulunywa ngamakhompyutha aphathekayo, akukho ukushoda kwezinketho. Nalu uhlu lwamabhrendi amakhulu anikeza izincwadi zamanothi emakilasini ahlukahlukene:

• I-Acer/Gateway/eMachines/Packard Bell: TravelMate, Extensa, Ferrari kanye ne-Aspire; Easynote; I-Chromebook
• I-Apple: I-MacBook Air ne-MacBook Pro
• I-Asus: TUF, ROG, Pro neProArt, ZenBook, VivoBook, ExpertBook
• I-Dell: I-Alienware, i-Inspiron, i-Latitude, i-Precision, i-Vostro ne-XPS
• I-Dynabook (i-Toshiba yangaphambili): Portege, Tecra, Satellite, Qosmio, Libretto
• I-Falcon Northwest: DRX, TLX, I/O
• I-Fujitsu: Lifebook, Celsius
• I-Gigabyte: AORUS
• I-HCL (India): I-Laptop ye-ME, i-ME Netbook, i-Leaptop ne-MiLeap
• I-Hewlett-Packard: I-Pavilion, Umona, i-ProBook, i-EliteBook, i-ZBook
• IHuawei: Matebook
• I-Lenovo: I-ThinkPad, i-ThinkBook, i-IdeaPad, i-Yoga, i-Legion kanye ne-Essential B ne-G Series
• LG: Xnote, Gram
• I-Medion: I-Akoya (inguqulo ye-OEM ye-MSI Wind)
• I-MSI: E, C, P, G, V, A, X, Uchungechunge, Isimanjemanje, iPrestige ne-Wind Netbook
• I-Panasonic: I-Toughbook, Isathelayithi, Masiqaphele (eJapane kuphela)
• Samsung: Sens: N, P, Q, R no-X uchungechunge; I-Chromebook, Incwadi ye-ATIV
• TG Sambo (Korea): Averatec, Averatec Buddy
• I-Vaio (owayekade engu-Sony)
• I-Xiaomi: I-Mi, i-Mi Gaming ne-Mi RedmiBook laptops

Ukukhula kwama-laptops

Amakhompyutha aphathekayo aye athandwa kakhulu phakathi neminyaka, kokubili kwebhizinisi nokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu. Ngo-2006, ama-ODM angu-7 amakhulu akhiqiza amakhompyutha aphathekayo angu-7 kwayi-10 emhlabeni, enkulu kunazo zonke (i-Quanta Computer) enama-30% esabelo semakethe yomhlaba.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2008 kudayiswe amabhuku okubhala angu-145.9 million, kanti isibalo sizokhula sifinyelele ku-2009 million ngo-177.7. Ikota yesithathu ka-2008 kwaba ngokokuqala ngqa lapho ukuthunyelwa kwe-PC yamabhuku emhlabeni wonke kudlula amadeskithophu.

Ngenxa yamathebulethi namakhompyutha aphathekayo athengekayo, abasebenzisi abaningi bamakhompiyutha manje banamakhompyutha aphathekayo ngenxa yokufaneleka okunikezwa idivayisi. Ngaphambi kuka-2008, ama-laptops ayebiza kakhulu. Ngo-May 2005, i-avareji incwadi yokubhalela yathengiswa ngo-$1,131 kuyilapho amadeskithophu athengiswa ngesilinganiso sama-$696.

Kodwa manje, ungathola kalula ikhompuyutha ephathekayo entsha ngentengo ephansi njengo-$199.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, ama-laptops mahle kakhulu ekuhleleni ividiyo njengoba ephathekayo, anamandla, futhi anezinhlobonhlobo zezici. Uma ufuna ikhompuyutha ephathekayo yokuhlela ividiyo, qiniseka ukuthi uyayithola enephrosesa enamandla nekhadi lezithombe elizinikele. Ukwengeza, bheka ikhompyutha ephathekayo enesibonisi esikhulu, i-RAM eningi, kanye nokukhethwa okuhle kwamachweba. Ngekhompuyutha ephathekayo elungile, uzokwazi ukuhlela amavidiyo kalula futhi udale okubonakalayo okumangalisayo.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.