Ukukhanyisa noma ukukhanya: Sebenzisa ngamabomu Ukukhanya Ukuze Uthole Isibhamu Esiphelele

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 30, 2022

Ukukhanyisa kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthatha izithombe njengoba kungenza noma kuphule isibhamu sakho. Ukukhanyisa ithuluzi elingakusiza ukulawula ukuma kwesithombe, kanye nokugqamisa imininingwane ethile.

Uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, ingakha izithombe ezihlaba umxhwele nokulandisa okunamandla.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ezinye zezinto eziyisisekelo zokukhanyisa, nokuthi kungani kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngamabomu ukuze uthwebule isibhamu esiphelele.

Kungani Kubalulekile Ukukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthatha izithombe, ikakhulukazi ekuthwebuleni isithombe esihle kakhulu. Ukukhanyisa kusetha isimo sesithombe, noma ngabe siyakhanya futhi sijabule noma simnyama futhi siyimfihlakalo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwakha izithunzi, ukugcizelela izici zesihloko, noma ukunikeza ukugqama okugqamile. Ukukhanyisa futhi kunamandla okulawula ibhalansi yombala wezithombe nokucija. Ngaphandle kwayo, ngeke ube nemininingwane eyanele esithombeni sakho noma uveze amaphuzu ako angcono kakhulu.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula ngokukhanya kwemvelo okuvela elangeni noma ukukhanya okwenziwayo ovela kusibani noma i-strobe, ukukhanya kokuqonda kuzothatha amakhono akho okuthatha izithombe kuyise ezingeni elisha. Konke kumayelana nokulinganisa ukuqina kanye nesiqondiso ukuze udale imiphumela ehlukene ethuthukisa uhlobo ngalunye lwesithombe ngenjongo yaso.

Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo: Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo kusho noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhanya oluvela emthonjeni osuvele ukhona - njengokukhanya kwelanga ngaphandle noma ukukhanya okuzungezile iza ngefasitela ngaphakathi endlini - ngokuphambene nokukhanyisa okudalwe ngenhloso (okwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo) ngaphakathi/ukusetha kwangaphandle. Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo kuhle ekuthatheni izithombe zangaphandle kodwa kukhohlisayo ukukuqondisa njengoba kushintsha ngokuya kwesikhathi sosuku kanye nezimo zezulu; akukho ukucisha ukukhanya kwemvelo uma ungakabi naso isithunzi esanele noma ukukhanya kumodeli yakho!

Ukukhanyisa okwenziwayo: Izibani zokwenziwa zihlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili - izibani eziqhubekayo (ezihlala zikhanya) kanye nama-strobes (okunikeza ukukhanya okufushane kakhulu kokukhanya okukhulu). Izibani eziqhubekayo zinikeza ukuguquguquka njengoba zingadingi ukusetha amashothi amaningi njengama-strobes; kodwa azinamandla kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-strobes futhi ngokuvamile azithembeki kakhulu mayelana nokuthwebula ukunyakaza kwesikhathi sangempela ngokunembile ngaphandle kokuba nokufiphala okukhulu kuthinta umphumela ohlakaniphile ngekhwalithi.

Izinhlobo Zokukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma yisiphi isithombe noma ukushuthwa kwevidiyo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhanyisa zingasetshenziswa ukudala imiphumela ehlukene esithombeni sokugcina. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokukhanyisa ezingasetshenziswa, ezifana nemvelo, isitudiyo, nokukhanyisa okwenziwa. Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhanyisa nokuthi zingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuze udale isithombe esihle kakhulu.

Ukukhanya Kwemvelo

Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okwemvelo ukukhanyisa indawo noma isihloko. Kuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekudaleni isithombe esibukeka kahle futhi lisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuthwebuleni izithombe zemvelo, ukuma ngobude kanye nokuthwebula kwezwe. Ukukhanya kwelanga kuwumthombo ovame kakhulu wokukhanya kwemvelo otholakalayo, kodwa abathwebuli bezithombe abaningi basebenzisa ukukhanya kwenyanga, ukuhwalala noma ngisho nekhandlela ukuze bathwebule imiphumela ehlukene. Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo kudinga ukunakwa kwemininingwane kanye ne-finesse eza nokuzijwayeza njengoba kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngesikhathi sosuku nonyaka.

Umthunzi noma izithunzi ezidalwe ukukhanya kwemvelo zingangeza ukuthungwa, umoya kanye nedrama esithombeni sakho. Amafasitela avuliwe, izibani zegumbi nezibuko konke kungamathuluzi awusizo okukhulisa ukukhanya kwemvelo kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ukukhanya kwemvelo kumahhala, kunamandla futhi kumnandi; nokho, kungase kube okungalindelekile lapho kudutshulwa ngaphandle ngenxa yokushintsha kwezimo zezulu njengamafu adlula elangeni, ukuvunguza komoya okungazelelwe okubangela ukuba izihlahla zinyakaze noma ngisho neziphepho ezinamandla ezisitha imibono. Kubalulekile ukubekezela kuMama Wendalo!

Ukufingqa, akukho okungathatha indawo yobuhle obungalethwa ukukhanya kwemvelo kuphela esithombeni. Inqobo nje uma uza uzilungiselele ngenala yokubekezela kanye namakhono okuxazulula izinkinga uzoklonyeliswa ngezithombe ezinhle kakhulu ezivela emizamweni yakho! Okubalulekile lapha ukuhlola - ungavele ubeke ikhamera yakho endaweni eyodwa lapho unikezwa uhlobo olufanayo lokukhanya ngoba ngeke uthole ishothi ekhanyayo ngaleyo ndlela ngaso sonke isikhathi - kuwumkhuba omuhle ukuhambahamba phakathi kwesihloko/inkundla yakho uze uthole. okubukeka kuhle kakhulu!

Ukukhanyisa Okwenziwayo

Ukukhanyisa okwenziwayo kuhle ekungezeni ukujula, ukugcwalisa izithunzi ezingafuneki, kanye nemibala yesehlakalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa ukukhanya kwemvelo noma okwenziwayo, udinga ukunaka imininingwane. Imithombo ehlukene yokukhanyisa okwenziwayo efana ne-tungsten, i-fluorescent ecimeka ne-HMI ingakha uhla lwebhalansi yombala esithombeni sakho. Ukuze uthole okuningi emthonjeni wokukhanyisa ngamunye, kubalulekile ukuqonda izakhiwo ezihlobene nohlobo ngalunye lokukhanyisa.

I-Tungsten Lighting
Amalambu e-Tungsten (abizwa nangokuthi ama-incandescent) asetshenziswa kumalambu asekhaya ajwayelekile kanye nezibani zasesiteji eziqeqeshiwe. Uma lezi zibani zifiphalisiwe, zidala ukukhanya okusawolintshi okufudumele noma okuphuzi eduze kwento. Ama-Tungsten bulb anesilinganiso “sezinga lokushisa” esilinganiswa ngamadigri Kelvin (noma K). Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa kwe-K lihumusheka emthonjeni wokukhanya oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izilinganiso zika-K eziphansi zizokhiqiza amathoni aphuzi kakhulu.

I-Dimmable Fluorescent Lighting
Ama-fluorescent bulb aqukethe izakhi zamakhemikhali ezikhipha ukukhanya okubonakalayo lapho ugesi udlula kuwo. Ama-fluorescent bulbs afaneleka ekudaleni izinga lokushisa elibanzi lombala kusuka kumathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kokubomvu okufudumele nokuphuzi. Ungakwazi futhi ukulawula ukukhanya kokukhanya kwe-fluorescent ngokusebenzisa izilawuli kude noma amaswishi afiphalisa amalambu akho ngokwawo.

I-HMI Lighting
I-HMI (hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide) yisibani se-arc esikhiqiza ukukhanya okumhlophe okumsulwa lapho ugesi udlula ezintweni zawo zegesi ngaphakathi kwemvilophu yesibani. Lolu hlobo lwesibani ngokuvamile lusetshenziselwa izigaba zesithombe esinyakazayo kanye nokukhanyisa kwemiphumela ekhethekile ngoba akudingi isikhathi sokufudumala njengokukhanya kwe-tungsten nokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Amalambu e-HMI afaneleka kakhulu ekudaleni lokho kukhanya kwelanga kwaphakathi nosuku ngaphandle ngosuku oluguqubele noma ukulingisa ukukhanya kwasemini endlini ngezinsimbi zesitudiyo ezizungeze isihloko sakho.(…)

Amasu Okukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa okulungile kungaba nomthelela omangalisayo kusimo sezulu nesimo sesithombe noma ividiyo. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa abathwebuli bezithombe nabathwebuli bevidiyo ukuze bakhe isithombe esihle kakhulu. Amasu okukhanyisa ahlukene angakha ukubukeka okumangalisayo futhi avuse imizwelo evela kumbukeli. Kulesi sigaba, sizofaka izisekelo zokukhanyisa futhi sifunde ngamanye amasu okukhanyisa ajwayelekile.

Ukukhanyisa kabusha

Ukukhanyisa ngemuva kuyindlela lapho umthombo wokukhanya oyinhloko ubekwa ngemuva kwesihloko sakho, bese ukhonjwa kukhamera yakho. Le nqubo ingasetshenziswa ukudala izibalo ezimangalisayo zokukhanya esihlokweni, kuyilapho wengeza umphumela omangalisayo esithombeni sakho. Ukukhanyisa ngemuva kusebenza kahle kakhulu ngezithombe zehora legolide nezithombe zasebusuku, lapho okuvelele kwesihloko sakho kugcizelelwa nakakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwesibani sangemuva.

Uma ulungisela ukuthwebula kwe-backlight, qiniseka ukubeka ukukhanya ngendlela yokuthi kungabangeli ukuvuleka kwelensi noma izindawo ezishisayo phambi kwekhamera yakho. Lokhu kungonakalisa kalula ishothi elihle! Ukuze uthole ukubukeka kokukhanya okungemuva okufanele, zungezisa noma umise ukukhanya ukuze kushaye ngemuva noma eceleni kwesihloko sakho futhi kusabalalise ngakubo ngaphambi kokufika kuwe. Zama ukuhlola ama-engeli ahlukene namabanga ukuze uzuze umphumela ohlukile - kusukela kumasilhouette okudala ngokumelene nesibhakabhaka sehora legolide ukuya ekukhanyeni okuqinile okuchaza ukuthungwa okuvela ngemuva.

Ngokwamukela amasu okukhanyisa kabusha uzokwazi ukuthatha izithombe ezimangalisayo ngaso sonke isikhathi!

I-Side Lighting

I-Side Lighting iwuhlobo lwesu lokukhanyisa lapho ukukhanya kubekwa khona eceleni kwesihloko esishuthwayo. Le nqubo ingangeza umthelela omkhulu kumashothi futhi isize ukukhipha ukuthungwa, umumo nokugqama esithombeni. Idala izithunzi ezidonsela ukunaka ezindaweni ezithile, inikeze isibhamu umuzwa wokujula ongajabulisa kakhulu. Ngokuya ngamandla nangendlela yokukhanya, izithunzi ngokuvamile zizochaza uhlangothi olulodwa noma ezimbili zento, ziyenze izwakale i-ntathu-dimensional. Uma ufuna ukugcizelela izici zesihloko sakho, njengezici zobuso esithombeni, ukukhanya okuseceleni okuvela ngemuva noma kusukela ngaphambili (kodwa noma kunjalo ngaphandle-maphakathi) kungakha uhlaka oluqinile lwe-chiaroscuro ukuze kugcizelelwe kakhulu.

Gcwalisa Ukukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa kokugcwalisa kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukugqama kokwakheka kwakho ngokukhanyisa izindawo ezisethunzini. Ingasetshenziselwa kokubili izithombe nevidiyo, futhi ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokukhanyisa. Ngokuvamile, umthombo wokukhanya othambile, ohlakazeke kakhulu usetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa ukukhanyisa - njenge-a ikhombisa, ibhokisi elithambile, isambulela noma ikhadi eligxumayo — eliqondiswe esihlokweni ukuze “sigcwalise” noma yiziphi izithunzi ezidalwe eminye imithombo yokukhanya. Umbono ngemuva kokukhanyisa kokugcwalisa uwukwengeza ukukhanya okwanele ukuze kulinganisele eminye imithombo yokukhanya kuhlaka lwakho kuyilapho kusashiya izithunzi nokuthungwa. Lokhu kudala isithombe esinokukhanya okulinganayo kuzo zonke izindawo futhi kuchaze kangcono izimo ngaphakathi kwesigcawu sakho. Ukukhanyisa kokugcwalisa kusiza futhi ukukhulisa imininingwane ezingxenyeni ezimnyama zesithombe sakho kuyilapho kunciphisa okuvelele okunamandla okubangelwa izici ezikhanyayo ekuthwebuleni kanye nezindawo ezishisayo ebusweni lapho uthwebula izithombe. Linga ngama-engeli ahlukene kanye nokubekwa kwezibani zakho zokugcwalisa uze uzuze umphumela owufunayo!

Izinsiza zokukhanyisa

Imishini yokukhanyisa emihle ibalulekile ekudaleni isithombe esihle. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula ividiyo noma uthatha izithombe, ukuqonda izisekelo zokukhanyisa kubalulekile ekudaleni isithombe esibukeka singochwepheshe. Imishini yokukhanyisa ehlukene ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukushuba kanye nendlela yokukhanya ukudala ukubukeka okufunayo ezithombeni zakho. Ake sibheke ezinye zezingcezu ezithandwa kakhulu zemishini yokukhanyisa.

Ama-Softboxes

Ama-Softboxes ayisilungisi sokukhanya esibalulekile sokuma ngobude nokuvala izithombe. Ama-Softboxes adizayinelwe ukudala ukukhanya okubanzi nokulinganayo, okufana nezimfanelo zokukhanya kwewindi lemvelo. Esikhundleni somthombo wokukhanyisa oqinile, oqondile, lezi zilungisi zithambisa futhi zisakaze ukukhanya endaweni yazo yokungena. Lokhu kusakazeka (ukuncipha ngaphandle) kwe-beam kuyivumela ukuthi isabalale ngokulinganayo phezu kwesihloko esikhanyisa ithunzi kancane, ithambisa imibimbi noma amabala futhi idale imigqa ethophayo ebusweni nasemzimbeni wemodeli yakho.

Ama-Softboxes eza ngezitayela ezimbili, imiklamo yomumo oyisikwele/onxande noma oyi-octagonal/strip, womabili azodala ukukhanya okugoqekayo okuthambile kwesihloko sakho. Le mfanelo ibangelwa izindonga ezakha ingaphakathi lebhokisi - cabanga uma ubheka ibhokisi elivela phezulu - lokhu kufana nalokho okwenzekayo ngokukhanya okubonisa ngaphakathi kwebhokisi elithambile. Izindonga ziyahlakazeka futhi zibe mncane uhlaka ngaphambi kokushaya isihloko sakho esinikeza indawo embozwe kakhudlwana ukuze kukhanye ngisho nokukhanya phezu kobuso noma umzimba wesifundo sakho kunokuba nje umthombo owodwa omkhulu ofana nokukhanya uzikhukhule phezu kwazo. Ukwengeza, njengoba izitayela eziningi ze-softbox zinamangaphambili alungisekayo ungakwazi ukuvula noma ukuvala eziningi zalezi zindonga - uzinikeze ukulawula ukuhlukana okuqondile njengoba kudingeka kuwo wonke amahlumela akho.

Usayizi we-softbox nawo ubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ufuna ukuqopha/ukubumba kanjani ukukhanyisa kuye ngokuthi isithombe noma isithombe somkhiqizo lapho ufisa ukukhava kodwa ikhwalithi ehlanganisiwe elinganiselwe uma iqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo emincane edinga imininingwane emaphethelweni angase adinge. ukuhluka okuphezulu kokugqama noma ukukhanya okubambekayo njengamehlo kudinga ukunemba kokukhomba ngezilawuli ezigxilile ekuqondeni...

Izambulela

Izambulela ziwuhlobo olujwayelekile lwemishini yokukhanyisa esetshenziswa kukho kokubili ukuthwebula izithombe nevidiyo. Awabizi, alula futhi kulula ukuwahambisa, okuwenza abe yinketho ekhangayo kwabayizimfundamakhwela kanye nezingcweti.

Isambulela siyithuluzi elihle lokudala ukukhanya okusabalalisile. Ukukhanya okusabalele kusho ukuthi ukukhanya kuthambekile futhi kusabalele ukuze isihloko singakhanyiswa ngokuqondile nge-beam eyodwa eqinile ebangela izindawo ezishisayo noma ithunzi elijulile. Izambulela zingasetshenziswa namayunithi we-flash engaphandle kwekhamera, ama-studio strobes noma ukukhanya kwelanga okungokwemvelo ukudala ukukhanya okuhle kwesithombe sakho noma ukushuthwa kwevidiyo.

Izambulela ziza ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene: izambulela ezidubulayo, ezinephaneli elimhlophe ekugcineni; kanye nezambulela ezikhanyayo, ezihlanganisa isembozo esimhlophe ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nesesiliva kolunye. Izambulela zokudubula zikhanya kancane kunezicwebezelayo kodwa zivumela ukukhanya kungene kancane - zisanele ukukhiqiza izithombe namavidiyo akhanya ngokumangalisayo! Ngezambulela ezikhanyayo uzothola ukukhanya okunamandla kakhulu njengoba okunye ukukhanya kubonakala kubuyela endaweni yakho ngokusekelwa kwakho okusiliva.

Ukuze usebenzise isambulela ngempumelelo, kufanele sibanjwe okungenani ngamasentimitha angu-30 kude nesihloko sakho esizofinyelela ukusakazeka okuphezulu futhi sikunikeze imiphumela ethambile, ejabulisayo ngaphandle kwethunzi elinokhahlo noma amaphuzu avelele agqamile. Ungaphinda ulungise ukuthi isambulela sikude kangakanani kuye ngokuthi ufuna umphumela wokukhanyisa ube muhle kangakanani - ibanga eliseduze lisho ukukhanya okunamandla kuyilapho amabanga akude esho ukusakazeka okwengeziwe ngokungafani namaleveli okukhanya.

Izibonisi

Isibonisi esikhanyayo sisiza ukukhulisa inani lokukhanya ongalisebenzisa ngaphandle, kwenze ukuthwebula ezimeni ezikhanyayo kube lula futhi kusebenze kangcono. Ziza ngezinhlobonhlobo zomumo, osayizi kanye nezinto zokwakha, okukunikeza ithuba lokuhlanganisa ukusethwa kokukhanya kwakho kuhambisane nemizwa ethile noma umphumela.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokubonisa i-five-in-one; lolu hlobo olugoqekayo lunamaphaneli ashintshekayo akuvumela ukuthi ulawule (bounce) isiqondiso nobukhulu bokukhanya. Eziningi ziza nezendlalelo zegolide, isiliva noma izindawo ezimhlophe ezibonisayo kanye nezimnyama (ukuqeda ukuchitheka). Ubukhulu bawo obuncane bubenza kube lula ukuthutha nokusebenzisa endaweni.

Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka amafreyimu ensimbi ayisikwele noma ayi-octagonal anezindwangu ezinwetshiwe kuwo: ngokuvamile usilika, i-abrasine noma iphepha lethishu elicijile. Uma isetshenziswa ngobuciko (kungakhathaleli kuphela imiphumela yazo ekukhanyeni kodwa nekhono layo lokukhiqiza ukubonakaliswa, izithunzi namasilhouettes) inganikeza imiphumela emangalisayo, ngisho nesabelomali esilinganiselwe. Futhi zilungele ukuthwebula isitudiyo lapho imithombo yokukhanya eyengeziwe kungase kube nzima ukuyithola.

Ekugcineni amabhodi amhlophe aqinile noma amadayisi ngokuvamile enziwe ngesisekelo segwebu esimbozwe ku-Mylar ekhanyayo angasetshenziselwa ukulawula okungeziwe phezu kokukhanyisa futhi awusizo ikakhulukazi lapho kudutshulwa imiphumela yevolumu efana neziqhumane ezihamba ibanga elide.

Isiphetho

Ukukhanyisa noma ukukhanya kubalulekile ezithombeni ezinhle. Awukwazi ukuthatha izithombe ezinhle ngaphandle kokukwazi ukudlala ngokukhanya. Futhi unganciki nje ku-flash yakho engaphakathi kwekhamera, funda ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ehlukene nezindlela zokukhanyisa ukuze udale uchungechunge lwemiphumela. Ukuze uthole okungcono kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukudubula, kufanele ulawule ukukhanya okufunayo futhi wenze ukulungisa njengoba kudingeka.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula ungaphakathi noma ungaphandle, zama izindlela ezihlukene nezindlela zokuthwebula izithombe zobuciko ngezitayela nokubukeka okuhlukile. Unalezi zimiso engqondweni, vumela umcabango wakho ugijime ngendlela emangalisayo njengoba uhlola futhi uzama ukukhanyisa ishothi lakho elihle!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.