Ukucindezelwa Okungalahleki: Kuyini Futhi Kusetshenziswa Kanjani

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2022

Ukucindezela okungalahleki kuwumqondo obalulekile uma kukhulunywa ngemidiya yedijithali. Isho inqubo lapho idatha icindezelwa khona ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa idatha. Ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kuyindlela enhle yokunciphisa usayizi wefayela lemidiya yakho yedijithali ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola

• kuyini ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa,
• ukuthi isebenza kanjani, Futhi
• ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukuze uzuze.

Ake siqale!

Incazelo Yokucindezelwa Okungalahleki

Ukucindezela okungalahleki wuhlobo lokucindezelwa kwedatha olugcina yonke idatha yoqobo phakathi nenqubo yokufaka ikhodi nokukhipha amakhodi, ukuze umphumela ube ikhophi eqondile yefayela loqobo noma idatha. Isebenza ngokuthola amaphethini kudatha futhi iyigcine ngokuphumelelayo. Isibonelo, uma ifayela linamagama aphindayo angu-5, esikhundleni sokugcina lawo magama ayimpinda angu-5 ukucindezela okungalahleki kuzogcina isibonelo esisodwa salelo gama, kanye nereferensi lapho lingathola khona ulwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwalo kufayela.

Ngokungafani ukucindezela okulahlekile (okulahla ulwazi oluthile ngokukhetha ukuze kuncishiswe usayizi) Ukucindezela Okungenakulahlekelwa ikuvumela ukuba ugcine ukulungiswa kwesithombe, ukucaca kombhalo nobuqotho befayela nge akukho ukulahleka kwekhwalithi. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho olunye ulwazi lubalulekile futhi lungenakunikelwa ukuze kuncishiswe usayizi. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kokucindezela okungalahleki kuhlanganisa:

• Ukucindezela amafayela omculo (ngakho ikhwalithi yomsindo kufanele ihlale injalo)
• Ukucindezela izithombe zezokwelapha (njengoba imininingwane emincane ingase ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni)
• Ukucindezela ikhodi yomthombo yezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe
• Igcina kungobo yomlando amadokhumenti okugcina isikhathi eside.

Izibonelo zama-compressor angasebenzisa lolu hlobo lwe-algorithm yilezi Amafayela e-ZIP ne-PNG kanye namanye amafomethi wesithombe afana I-TIFF ne-GIF.

Izinzuzo Zokucindezelwa Okungalahleki

Ukucindezela okungalahleki ubuchwepheshe obucindezela idatha ibe usayizi omncane ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yikhwalithi. Lokhu kwenziwa nokwenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwama-algorithms akhomba uchungechunge lwedatha olungasanele noma oluphindayo, bese esikhundleni salo kufakwe amakhodi amafushane. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela kungasiza ukunciphisa usayizi wedatha kakhulu, ngokuvamile nge ingxenye noma ngaphezulu, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bagcine futhi badlulisele inani elikhulu lolwazi ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana.

Ngaphandle kokulondoloza indawo yokugcina, kunezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa ukucindezela okungalahleki. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe: Ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kungathuthukisa isivinini amafayela adluliswa ngaso njengoba emancane futhi athathe umkhawulokudonsa omncane ngenkathi uthumela noma ulanda.
• Idatha Ubuqotho: Ngoba ayikho idatha elahlekayo uma usebenzisa ukuminyanisa okungalahleki, noma yiluphi ulwazi olufakwe ikhodi luzohlala lunjalo ekucindezelweni.
• Ukuhambelana: Amafayela acindezelwe ngokuvamile angavulwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene ezinkundleni ezihlukene ngenxa yama-algorithms awo ajwayelekile wombhalo wekhodi.
• Isikhathi Esincishisiwe Sokucubungula: Ukunciphisa usayizi wefayela kusheshisa izinqubo ezinjengokuphrinta, ukusakaza bukhoma nokuhlela njengoba amafayela amancane edinga amandla amancane okwenza ikhompuyutha.

Izinhlobo Zokucindezelwa Okungalahleki

Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa amasu akuvumela ukuthi ucindezele idatha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa noma yiluphi ulwazi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokucindezelwa okungalahleki yilezi I-ZIP, i-gzip, ne-LZW. Lezi zintathu, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, zonke zinezinzuzo zazo kanye nezithiyo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezindlela zokucindezela ezingalahleki nokuthi zingazisebenzisa kanjani:

• I-ZIP
• gzip
• I-LZW

Qalisa Ukubhala Ngekhodi Ubude

Qalisa Umbhalo Wekhodi Wobude (RLE) iyi-algorithm yokucindezela idatha esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa usayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa idatha. Isebenza ngokuhlaziya idatha, ukucinga izinhlamvu ezilandelanayo bese uzicindezela zibe yifomu elincane, elifingqiwe kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza amafayela agcinwe futhi adluliswe kalula. Phakathi nenqubo yokunciphisa amandla, idatha yoqobo ingakhiwa kabusha ngokuphelele.

I-Run Length Encoding ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukucindezela izithombe zedijithali njengoba kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukudunda kolwazi ezintweni ezifana amaphethini aphindaphindayo, ukugijima kwe amaphikseli noma izindawo ezinkulu ezigcwele umbala owodwa. Amadokhumenti ombhalo nawo angamakhandidethi afanelekile ekucindezelweni kwe-RLE ngoba ngokuvamile aqukethe amagama aphindaphindayo nemishwana.

Run Length Encoding isebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi amasampuli amaningi alandelanayo ngaphakathi kwamafayela omsindo anawo amanani afanayo ukuze uzinciphise ngosayizi kodwa ugcine ikhwalithi yazo yasekuqaleni lapho uwohloka. Lokhu kungaholela ekwehliseni okukhulu kosayizi wefayela - ngokuvamile I-50% noma ngaphezulu – ngokulahleka okumbalwa kakhulu mayelana nekhwalithi yomsindo nokusebenza.

Uma usebenzisa umbhalo wekhodi we-RLE, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba kungenzeka kuncishiswe osayizi bamafayela ahlobene namafayela omsindo noma ezithombe, kungase kungabi nanzuzo ngempela ezinhlotsheni zamafayela ombhalo avame ukungabi namsebenzi omningi ngenxa yendlela aklanywe ngayo ngendlela evamile. . Ngakho-ke okunye ukuhlola ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza kungase kudingeke ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina sokuthi lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe bokucindezela luzifanelekela kangcono yini izidingo zakho.

UHuffman Coding

UHuffman Coding iyi-algorithm yokucindezelwa kwedatha eguquguqukayo, engalahleki. Le-algorithm isebenzisa isethi yezimpawu zedatha, noma izinhlamvu, kanye nemvamisa yokwenzeka kwazo efayeleni ukuze kwakhiwe ikhodi yokuqalisa ephumelelayo. Le khodi iqukethe amagama ekhodi amafushane amelela izinhlamvu ezivame kakhulu namagama ekhodi amade amele angavamile. Ngokusebenzisa la makhodi, i-Huffman Coding inganciphisa usayizi wefayela ngomphumela omncane ekuthembekeni kwayo kwedatha.

I-Huffman Coding isebenza ngezinyathelo ezimbili: ukwakha isethi yamakhodi ezimpawu ahlukile futhi iwasebenzise ukucindezela ukusakaza kwedatha. Amakhodi wezimpawu ngokuvamile akhiwa ngokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlamvu zefayela elixubile kanye nolwazi olutholwe ngokuhlola amaza ahlobene nawo. izinhlamvu ezahlukene zenzeka kuwo. Ngokuvamile, i-Huffman Coding isebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu kunamanye ama-algorithms okucindezela angalahleki uma isetshenziswa ekusakazweni kwedatha okuqukethe izimpawu amathuba angalingani okwenzeka - ngokwesibonelo, uhlamvu lwemibhalo lapho ezinye izinhlamvu (njengokuthi "e") zenzeka kaningi kunabanye (njengokuthi "z").

Ikhodi ye-Arithmetic

Olunye uhlobo lokucindezelwa okungalahleki olungasetshenziswa lubizwa ngokuthi Ikhodi ye-Arithmetic. Le ndlela isebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi uchungechunge lwedatha lungaba nezingxenye ezingasasebenzi ezisebenzisa isikhala, kodwa ezingaludlulisi ulwazi lwangempela. Icindezela idatha ngokususa lezi zingxenye ezingasasebenzi ngenkathi ilondoloza okuqukethwe kwayo kolwazi lwangempela.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-Arithmetic Coding isebenza kanjani, ake sicabangele isibonelo esisekelwe embhalweni. Ake sithi kunezinhlamvu ezine ekusakazweni kwethu kwedatha - A, B, C, futhi D. Uma idatha ibishiywe ingacindezelwanga, uhlamvu ngalunye lungathatha amabhithi ayisishiyagalombili yenani lamabhithi angu-32 kukho konke ukusakaza. Nge-Arithmetic Coding, nokho, amanani aphindayo afana A no-B ingamelwa ngamabhithi angaphansi kwayisishiyagalombili lilinye.

Kulesi sibonelo sizosebenzisa amabhulokhi angamabhithi amane ukumela uhlamvu ngalunye okusho ukuthi zonke izinhlamvu ezine zingapakishwa ebhulokhini elilodwa le-16-bit. Isifaki khodi sibheka ukusakazwa kwedatha futhi sinike amathuba kuhlamvu ngalunye ngokusekelwe emandleni abo okuvela kuyunithi yezinhlamvu ezilandelanayo ukuze konge isikhala kuyilapho siqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu lapho zicindezelwa ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngakho-ke phakathi nokucindezelwa yilabo kuphela abalingiswa abanamathuba aphezulu abathatha amabhithi ambalwa kuyilapho labo abanamafrikhwensi aphansi noma labo abavela kancane bazodinga amabhithi engeziwe ngebhulokhi lohlamvu ngalinye kodwa basalokhu benqwabelene ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi eyodwa engu-16-bit njengangaphambi kokulondoloza amabhayithi ambalwa kuwo wonke ukusakazwa kwedatha lapho uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yayo engacindezelwanga.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ukucindezelwa Okungalahleki

Ukucindezela okungalahleki iyindlela yombhalo wekhodi kanye nokucindezela idatha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kolwazi. Le ndlela yokucindezela isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa usayizi wezithombe zedijithali, amafayela alalelwayo, namavidiyo. Ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kwenza idatha igcinwe engxenyeni yosayizi wayo wangempela, okuholela efayeleni elincane kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ake singene emininingwaneni futhi sihlole indlela yokusebenzisa ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa:

Amafomethi wefayela

Ukucindezela okungalahleki wuhlobo lokucindezelwa kwedatha okunciphisa usayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokudela noma iyiphi idatha equkethwe ngaphakathi kwefayela lokuqala. Lokhu kuyenza ibe indlela ekahle yokucindezela amafayela amakhulu njengezithombe zedijithali, amafayela alalelwayo, neziqeshana zevidiyo. Ukuze usebenzise lolu hlobo lokucindezelwa, kufanele uqonde izinhlobo zamafayela asekelwa ama-compressor angalahleki nokuthi angawasetha kanjani kahle ukuze athole imiphumela emihle.

Lapho ucindezela ifayela ngezinjongo ezingalahleki, unezinketho ezimbalwa zamafomethi wefayela. Ngokunokwenzeka, uzokhetha phakathi Ama-JPEG nama-PNG njengoba zombili zinikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu enosayizi bamafayela amahle. Ungasebenzisa futhi amafomethi afana I-GIF noma i-TIFF uma isofthiwe yakho ibasekela. Kukhona futhi amafomethi athile acindezelwe aklanyelwe ngqo umsindo noma ividiyo. Lezi zihlanganisa I-FLAC (umsindo ongalahleki), i-AVI (ividiyo engalahleki), kanye nefomethi ye-Apple Lossless ye-QuickTime (ALAC).

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba lawa mafomethi enikeza ukucindezela okungcono kunozakwabo abangacindezelwe, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukusebenza nawo ngenxa yokwesekwa kwawo okulinganiselwe kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinhlelo zesofthiwe. Kuye ngokusetha kwakho, usebenzisa amafomethi angacindezelwanga kungase kube lula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngisho noma kuthatha isikhala sediski esengeziwe.

Amathuluzi Wokucindezela

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi okucindezela atholakalayo aklanyelwe ukunciphisa usayizi wamafayela wedatha ngenkathi kugcinwa ubuqotho bedatha yangempela. Lawa mathuluzi asebenzisa ama-algorithms ukukhomba idatha engasanele futhi ayilahle kufayela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa noma yiluphi ulwazi.

Ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezithombeni eziyingcaca, noma ukurekhodwa komsindo nevidiyo. Amathuluzi afana I-ZIP, i-RAR, i-Stuffit X, i-GZIP ne-ARJ isekela amazinga ahlukahlukene wokucindezelwa okungalahleki ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zamafayela kufaka phakathi ama-PDF nama-executables acindezelwe (EXE). Isibonelo, uma ucindezela isithombe ngenye yalezi zakhiwo ku ukulungiselelwa kokunciphisa usayizi omkhulu, uzokwazi ukuvula nokubuka leso sithombe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa imininingwane noma ulwazi lombala.

I-algorithm esetshenzisiwe izothinta usayizi wefayela ongafinyelelwa kanye nesikhathi esisithathayo ukucubungula nokucindezela ifayela. Lokhu kungasukela emaminithini kuye emahoreni ambalwa kuye ngokuthi yinkimbinkimbi kangakanani ithuluzi olikhethile. Amathuluzi okucindezela adumile njenge I-7-zip (LZMA2) zinikeza amazinga aphezulu okucindezela kodwa zidinga izikhathi ezinde zokucubungula. Izinhlelo ezenziwe ngcono kakhulu ezifana SQ=z (SQUASH) izindlela ezisezingeni eliphansi ezingashutheka amabhayithi engeziwe ngesivinini sombani uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidume kakhulu njenge WinZip or WinRAR kodwa ubunkimbinkimbi bazo bobuchwepheshe busho ukuthi abavamile ukusetshenziswa abasebenzisi be-PC abayizimfundamakhwela.

Ukucindezelwa kwesithombe

Ukucindezela kwesithombe iyindlela yokunciphisa inani ledatha edingekayo ukumela isithombe sedijithali. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenye noma zombili izindlela ezimbili: ngokususa noma ukunciphisa idatha yesithombe engabalulekile, ebizwa ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa; noma ngokususa idatha ngokucophelela, ebizwa ukucindezela okulahlekile.

With ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa, isithombe sivela ngendlela ebesivele ngayo ngaphambi kokucindezelwa futhi sisebenzisa inkumbulo encane ukuze silondoloze. Nge ukucindezela okulahlekile amasu, enye idatha iyalahleka lapho ifayela lilondolozwe futhi licindezelwa kabusha kodwa lapho lenziwe kahle, akukho ukuhlanekezela okubonakalayo okufanele kubonakale kufayela lokuqala elingacindezelwanga.

Amasu okucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthwebuleni izithombe zedijithali, nasekuhambeni komsebenzi wokuklama okuyingcaca. Izindlela ezingalahleki zivumela amafayela ukuthi acindezelwe abe osayizi abancane kakhulu kunokuba abecindezelwe ngezinye izindlela njengezithombe ze-JPEG eziklanyelwe ukucindezela okulahlekile lapho uthola khona usayizi wefayela omncane ngenani lekhwalithi elahlekile noma imininingwane.

Amafomethi wesithombe angalahleki ahlanganisa:

• Iziqhumane PNGs (ortf)
• Ama-GIF (gif)
• kanye nefomethi esetshenziswa kakhulu I-TIFF (tiff).

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yokucubungula izithombe njenge-Photoshop zingavula izinhlobo ezihlukene zezithombe futhi ziziguqule zibe enye yalezi zakhiwo zisebenzisa izici ezifana nokuthi “Londoloza Njenge” okuwukuthi kaningi kangakanani amafayela aguqulwa phakathi kwamafomethi ngaphandle kokudawuniloda isofthiwe eyengeziwe.

Amanye amafomethi esithombe ahlukile njenge JPEG 2000 (jp2) futhi zisebenzisa lolu hlobo lwesu lokuminyanisa nokho zinikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe njengoba zingakwazi ukugcina ulwazi oluqondile olunembe kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nama-JPEG kuyilapho zisenosayizi wefayela omncane ngenxa yohlelo lwazo lokubhala olusebenza kahle.

Isiphetho

Ukucindezela okungalahleki iyithuluzi elinamandla elingakusiza ukuthi wehlise osayizi bamafayela futhi ulondoloze isikhala sokulondoloza, kuyilapho uqinisekisa ukuthi awulahlekelwa idatha ngesikhathi senqubo. Ikuvumela ukuthi ucindezele amafayela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa noma yiluphi ulwazi oluqukethe, ukuwenza kulula ukugcina, ukufinyelela nokwabelana.

Ekuphetheni, ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokugcina nokuphatha idatha yesimanje.

Isifinyezo se-Lossless Compression

Ukucindezela okungalahleki iwuhlobo lwesu lokucindezela idatha elehlisa osayizi bamafayela ngaphandle kokudela noma iyiphi idatha equkethwe ngaphakathi. Ilungele ukucindezela amafayela asekelwe embhalweni njengamadokhumenti, amaspredishithi, kanye nezithombe namafayela alalelwayo.

Inzuzo eyinhloko yokucindezela okungalahleki ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi wehlise usayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi yefayela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifayela elifanayo eliqondile lingacindezelwa izikhathi eziningi, okwenza kube lula ukugcina nokudlulisa amafayela amakhulu ngokushesha futhi kalula. Iphinde ivumele ukusetshenziswa kwesitoreji ngokuphumelelayo ngokususa idatha engasasebenzi efayelini futhi igcine kuphela izici ezibalulekile zolwazi.

Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-algorithms wokucindezela okungalahleki - ama-algorithms asuselwa kusichazamazwi njenge-Deflate/GZip noma i-Lempel-Ziv (ecindezela amafayela ohlwini olunezikhombo) noma izindlela zokuqeda ukuphindaphinda njengokubhala ngekhodi kwe-arithmetic noma ukusebenzisa ubude bekhodi (okususa ukuphindaphinda ngokubhala amaphethini aphindayo). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinjongo zalo eziqondile uma kuziwa ezinhlotsheni zemidiya nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Okwezithombe, ikakhulukazi, amafomethi wesithombe angalahleki afana I-PNG zikhethwa ngaphezu kwamanye amafomethi alahlekile njenge I-JPEG ngenxa yokuthi zigcina imininingwane yesithombe kangcono kune-JPEG eyenza ngenkathi zisanikeza izinga elizwakalayo lokuminyanisa ngaphandle kokuwohloka okuphawulekayo kukhwalithi yesithombe noma ubunzima bokukhipha ikhodi noma ukubuyisa idatha yomthombo wangempela. Ngokufanayo, umsindo wedijithali amafayela we-waveform angacindezelwe bajwayele ukwenza kangcono nge amasu we-vector quantization kunezindlela ezimsulwa zokunciphisa i-bitrate.

Ekuphetheni, ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa amasayizi amakhulu wefayela ngaphandle komhlatshelo ngekhwalithi; lokhu kubenza babe ezinye izindlela ezinhle zokulondoloza idatha ebalulekile ngenkathi ulondoloza endaweni yokugcina kanye nezindleko. Njengoba ama-algorithms ahlukene afanela izinhlobo ezihlukene zemidiya ngempumelelo kakhulu kunezinye, kuhlala kungcono kakhulu ukwenza ucwaningo lokuthi iyiphi ifomethi evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho kokubili ukuvikela ubumfihlo nokusebenza kahle kwendawo - ukukhetha okulungile kungenza umehluko!

Izinzuzo Zokucindezelwa Okungalahleki

Ukucindezela okungalahleki iwumbhalo wedatha kanye nenqubo yokukhipha amakhodi evumela amafayela ukuthi onge isikhala ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi. Yize izindleko zokulondoloza zilokhu zehla, ukugcina okuqukethwe kwedijithali kwekhwalithi ephezulu kungabiza futhi kudle isikhathi. Ama-algorithms okucindezela okungalahleki asiza isitoreji, ukwenziwa ngcono kwenethiwekhi, nokudluliswa kwamafayela kumasistimu ahlukene. Ukwengeza, izivinini zokudluliswa kwedatha ezithuthukisiwe zinganciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ezihlobene nokusebenza kwe-I/O futhi kusize iminyango yokuhlaziya idatha yesayensi noma yezokwelapha iqinisekise imiphumela yayo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amasu okucindezela okungalahleki afaka:

• Ukwehliswa kosayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokwethula noma yikuphi ukuhlanekezela noma ukucekelwa phansi kwekhwalithi
• Isivinini sokulayisha ikhasi esithuthukisiwe ngokunciphisa inani ledatha edluliswa kuwebhu
• Amasango okuvula izinhlelo zokusebenza zomthombo ezehlisa izindleko zokuxhumana ukuze ufinyelele okuqukethwe kumaseva aku-inthanethi
• Amakhono anyusiwe okugcina kungobo yomlando okugcinwa isikhathi eside kokuqukethwe kwedijithali
• Kuvulwe izindlela zokudlalwa kwezinsimbi ezibonakalayo kanye nezinsiza zemidiya zokusakaza ku-inthanethi ngokunikeza izethameli ezinamandla amakhulu ngezinsiza ezincane zomkhawulokudonsa

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.