Ukuqiniswa Kwesithombe: Kuyini Futhi Kusetshenziswa Nini

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 26, 2022

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyindlela esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ikhamera qhaqhazela futhi uqinisekise isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu lapho uthatha izithombe namavidiyo. Kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthwebula izithombe nevidiyo, okuqinisekisa ukuthwebula okucacile, okucacile.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izinto eziyisisekelo zokuqiniswa kwesithombe, ukuthi kuyini, futhi nini ukuyisebenzisa ukuthola imiphumela engcono.

Incazelo Yokuqiniswa Kwesithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyinqubo enciphisa noma eqeda ukuzamazama kwekhamera, okubangelwa ukunyakaza okuncane ezandleni noma emzimbeni womthwebuli wezithombe ngesikhathi sokuchayeka. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezithombeni, kwividiyo, nasezinhlelweni zesayensi. Ngokusebenzisa amasu anjenge i-lens-shift or ukucutshungulwa kwesithombe okusekelwe ku-electronic/software, ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kungasetshenziswa ukunxephezela ukunyakaza kwekhamera nokugcina ukugxila esihlokweni esihlosiwe.

Uma ukuzamazama kwekhamera kwenzeka noma ukufiphala kwehlisa isithunzi sesithombe futhi kubangele ama-artifact aphazamisayo afana ukufiphala kokunyakaza evimbela ukucaca kwayo okubonakalayo. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuqinisa isithombe kusiza ukuthuthukisa kokubili izithombe zozimele ezimile kanye namavidiyo ngokunciphisa imiphumela yokufiphalisa ukunyakaza okubangelwa ukunyakaza okuguquguqukayo.

Amasistimu okuqinisa isithombe atholakala ngezindlela eziningi kusukela kumiklamo elula yokubona etholakala kumalensi athile kuya ezinhlelweni ezithuthuke kakhulu njenge ama-shutter asebenzayo ezakhelwe kumakhamera edijithali. Lezi zinhlelo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngokusebenza ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi zisebenza kanjani ukuze ukwazi ukunquma ukuthi yisiphi isisombululo esingasebenza kangcono kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.

Izinhlobo Zokuqiniswa Kwesithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuvimbela ukuzamazama kwekhamera, okunganciphisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yezithombe zakho. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuqinisa isithombe ongakhetha kuzo: ukuzinza kwesithombe futhi ukuqiniswa kwesithombe se-elekthronikhi.

Ukuqinisa isithombe esibonakalayo kusebenza ngokusebenzisa izinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuzwa noma yikuphi ukuzamazama kwekhamera noma ukunyakaza futhi kuyiphikisa ngento yelensi enamathiselwe ehamba ngokuphambene ukuze inxephezele ukunyakaza. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukubonakala kokuzamazama kwekhamera ezithombeni nakumavidiyo.

I-Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS) iwuhlobo olusekelwe kwisofthiwe lokuqinisa isithombe olutholakala kwamanye amakhamera namafoni. Isebenzisa idatha evela kuzinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nama-gyroscopes ukuze inqume ukuthi kungakanani ukunyakaza okwenzekayo lapho uthatha izithombe noma uqopha ividiyo, bese ilungisa okuqukethwe okurekhodiwe ngokufanele ngokunqampuna noma yikuphi ukufiphala kokunyakaza okungafunwa okubangelwa ukuzamazama kwekhamera. Nakuba i-EIS ingasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye izinhlobo zokufiphala kokunyakaza, inemikhawulo yayo ngenxa yemvelo yayo esekelwe kwisofthiwe kusukela ayikwazi empeleni ukumelana nokunyakaza kwekhamera ebonakalayo njengoba kwenza i-Optical.

Izinzuzo Zokuqiniswa Kwesithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyindlela esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda imiphumela yokuzamazama kwekhamera ngesikhathi sokuchayeka isikhathi eside. Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ukulola izithombe ezifiphele futhi yenze izithombe zibukeke zicacile futhi zicacile. Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukufiphala kokunyakaza futhi kuvumele izithombe ezicijile ekukhanyeni okuphansi.

Ake sibheke ezinye ze- izinzuzo zokuqiniswa kwesithombe:

Ikhwalithi Yesithombe Ethuthukisiwe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukufiphala okubangelwa ukuzamazama kwekhamera. Ivumela umthwebuli wezithombe ukuthi athwebule izithombe ezicacile nezicacile ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya okuphansi, lapho esebenzisa ilensi yocingo, noma lapho esebenzisa ikhamera ehamba kancane. i-shutter isivinini.

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe nakho kusiza ukunciphisa ukufiphala kwekhamera nokunyakazisa isipoki ngenkathi uthatha izithombe ezibukhali ngemodi emile noma yevidiyo. I-Ghosting ibonakala njengezithombe ezikabili ezingxenyeni zesithombe sakho futhi ingabangelwa ukunyakaza kwekhamera, okubangela ukuthi isihloko sakho sivele kabili; enye ingemuva kancane futhi iphumile ekugxileni enye phambili kancane futhi igxile. Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kunciphisa lo mphumela, okwenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi uthwebule izithombe ezihlanzekile ezinemininingwane ebushelelezi, ebukhali.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombe ezithathwe ngaphandle kokuzinza kwesithombe, ukuthwebula okunokuqina kwesithombe kubonisa ngokuqhubekayo ikhwalithi yesithombe ethuthukisiwe. Lesi sici esibalulekile singasiza ukwenza izithombe zakho zibukeke zobuchwepheshe futhi zihlanzekile—ikakhulukazi uma uthwebula amabanga amade noma uthwebula ubanjwe ezimeni eziyinselele.

Kwehlisiwe Ukunyakaziswa Kwekhamera

Ukunyakaziswa kwekhamera kungaba enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ezithinta ikhwalithi yesithombe. Nge ukuzinza kwesithombe, abathwebuli bezithombe bangathwebula izithombe ezicacile nezicijile, ngisho nalapho bethwebula bephathwa ngesandla noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya okuphansi. Ngokuvamile, izinguqulo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuqiniswa kwesithombe zitholakala kumalensi. Ngokunyakazisa izakhi zelensi njengoba ubhala isithombe sakho ukuze ulwe nanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungahlosiwe komzimba wekhamera, kukuvumela ukuthi uthathe izithombe ezibukhali kunalokho obekungenzeka.

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kusiza ukugcina isithombe esicacile nesicacile ngokunciphisa ukuzamazama kwe-angular ngesikhathi sokuthwebula isithombe noma ividiyo, okunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwalezo zihloko ezithwebulayo noma ezimile noma ezihambayo. Ngokuya ngokuthi isigameko sisebenza kangakanani nokuthi kungakanani ukunyakaza kwekhamera okulindelekile ezimweni eziningi, ukukhetha kwakho ihadiwe kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yevidiyo nezithombe - qiniseka ukuthi ucabangela izici ezifana ukuqiniswa kwe-optical ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokuthenga.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzinza kwesithombe buphinde bunxephezele ukunyakaza okuncane phakathi kwezimbazo eziningi - okubizwa ngokuthi 'isinxephezelo' 'ukuqhuma.' Lokhu kusho ukuthi izobona noma yikuphi umnyakazo ongazinzile ukusuka ohlangothini ukuya kwelinye noma phezulu naphansi (noma iyiphi inhlanganisela) okungenzeka uma uthwebula isithombe ngesandla esingaqinile. (hhayi ku-a i-tripod) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifreyimu ihlala ileveli futhi iqhubeka igxile esigcawini osikhethile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini. Umphumela kufanele ube amavidiyo aklanywe ngokuphawulekayo anamajeki noma amaqhuqhuva ambalwa kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombe ezingaqinisiwe - ukudala okuqukethwe okushelelayo okuneziphazamiso ezimbalwa kuyilapho kugcinwa ukucaca nekhwalithi enhle kakhulu.

Ukukhushulwa kwe-Dynamic Range

Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuzinzisa isithombe nakho kwandisa ububanzi obunamandla yesithombe sakho. Ububanzi be-Dynamic buchazwa njengenani lebanga phakathi kwamathoni alula kakhulu namnyama kakhulu angathwetshulwa ngeshothi eyodwa. Ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe okuhlinzekwa ukuzinza kwesithombe kuvumela ukuvuleka okukhulu kwelensi, okuholela ekuvuleni okubanzi isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo kusukela kusignali ethathwe. Lokhu kuvumela ikhamera yakho ukuthi ithathe imininingwane eyengeziwe kuzo zombili izindawo ezikhanyayo nezimnyama, kuthuthukise ukubukeka sekukonke nokunemba kombala wezithombe zakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiza ukuthuthukisa ukugqama kanye nokunikeza izithombe ezibukhali nezingokoqobo. Ngesilinganiso esikhudlwana sesignali-kumsindo, uyakwazi ukuthola ukuthungwa okucashile kakhudlwana namathoni obekungalahleka ngokuphelele phakathi kwezithombe eziguquguqukayo eziphansi, okunikeza izithombe zakho amakhono afana nempilo okwenza imephu yethoni.

Kusetshenziswa Nini Ukuqinisa Isithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuzamazama nokufiphaza kwekhamera lapho uthwebula izithombe namavidiyo. Ingatholwa yakhelwe kwamanye amakhamera, njengesengezo, noma njengesici kusofthiwe yokuhlela isithombe nevidiyo.

Ukuze unqume ukuthi kufanele usebenzise ukuqiniswa kwesithombe, kubalulekile ukuqonda kuqala ukuthi yenzani nokuthi kufanele isetshenziswe nini. Ake sibhekisise:

Izimo Zokukhanya Eziphansi

Uma isetshenziswe kahle, ukuzinza kwesithombe kungaba usizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yesithombe ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi. Isimo esivame kakhulu sokusebenzisa ukuqiniswa kwesithombe yilapho uthatha amashothi abanjwe ngesandla endaweni yokukhanya okuphansi. Ngokusebenzisa le nqubo, abathwebuli bezithombe bayakwazi nciphisa ukuzamazama kwekhamera futhi gwema ukufiphala kokunyakaza ezithombeni zabo.

ISO idlala indima ebalulekile kulesi simo ngoba lapho i-ISO iphezulu, yilapho inzwa yekhamera yakho izwela kakhulu lapho ikhanya futhi ingathwebula ngokushesha ukunyakaza. Ukusebenzisa i-ISO ephakeme kukuvumela ukuthi udubule ngesivinini esiphansi se-shutter futhi uthole ishothi elibukhali. Nokho, izithombe eziwumphumela zingabonakala ziluhlaza; ngakho-ke kungase kube usizo ukusebenzisa ukuqinisa isithombe ngenkathi uthwebula ama-ISO aphezulu ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zekhamera zinikeza amazinga ahlukene wokuqiniswa kwesithombe kuye ngamamodeli abo; ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uyakuqonda ukuthi umkhiqizo wakho othile unikeza ini ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokuthi uwusebenzise nini. Ukwengeza, kukhona amalensi athile atholakalayo asevele anezici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi I-OIS (Optical Image Stabilization), engasiza ukunciphisa ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukunyakaza kwekhamera; kodwa lesi sici ngeke sinxephezele ukunyakaza okuthile okufana nokushutha okushisayo noma izimo zesenzo esisheshayo lapho ukufiphala kusengase kuvele ngisho nalapho ukudubula ngamalensi anikwe amandla we-OIS. Gcina lawa maphuzu engqondweni uma unquma ukuthi uzokusebenzisa nini futhi kanjani ukuqinisa isithombe ukuze uthole imiphumela ethuthukisiwe!

Ukudalulwa Okude

Ukuchayeka okude kungenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa isithombe. Le nqubo idinga isandla esiqinile futhi a ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ukuthwebula isigcawu esithile ngekhwalithi engcono kakhulu. Uma uthwebula ngezilungiselelo ze-shutter ende, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuxhawula ngenkathi uthatha isithombe.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa isithombe busebenza ngokubona kanye nokulungisa ukunyakaza kwekhamera okungaphazamisa phakathi nezithombe zokuchayeka ezinde. Isebenzisa isistimu yokubona ukuze ibone noma yikuphi ukuzamazama kwekhamera futhi iguqule inzwa yesithombe ngendlela yokuthi ihlawulele noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungafuneki, ngaleyo ndlela igcine izithombe zibukhali kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isivinini se-shutter yakho sisethwe kancane kangakanani.

Ngaphezu kokwenza izithombe ezibukhali ezinesivinini esinesivinini sokuvala, ukuzinza kwesithombe kungakuvumela futhi ukuthi unciphise ukufiphala okubangelwa ukunyakaza kwesihloko lapho uthwebula ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi ezinezikhala ezibanzi. Uma usebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, imiphumela ingahluka kakhulu ukusuka kumalensi kuye kumalensi njengoba kuqashwa abakhiqizi abahlukene:

• Ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile
• Amazinga ahlukene okusebenza

Ngakho-ke, uma uzithola ufuna izithombe ezingcono ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa amasu okuqinisa isithombe, cabanga ngokutshala imali kumishini yelensi yochwepheshe ukuze uthole izithombe ezithuthukisiwe zekhwalithi.

Ukukhuliswa Okuphezulu

Uma udubula nge i-lens ephezulu yokukhulisa (ngaphezu kuka-300mm) ukwenza izithombe ezibukhali, ezingafiphali kungaba inselele kakhulu. Njengoba ukukhuliswa kwanda, ukunyakaza okuncane kwekhamera kuzokwenziwa ihaba esithombeni sokugcina okuholela emininingwaneni efiphele uma kuyekwa kungahloliwe. Lapha kulapho ukuzinza kwesithombe kungasiza.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa isithombe buklanyelwe ukubona ukunyakaza kwekhamera yakho nokuyiphikisa ngokunyakaza okulungisayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukufiphala okubangelwa ukuzamazama kwekhamera. Kuye ngomkhiqizi, lobu buchwepheshe bungazenzakalela noma buzenzekele—okusho ukuthi udinga ukubuvula noma buvale uma usebenzisa amalensi ahlukahlukene angase adinge amazinga ahlukene okuzinza.

Uma usebenzisa amalensi amade obude bokugxila, kukhona ukusetshenziswa okubili okuyinhloko kokuqinisa isithombe: okumile nevidiyo. Lapho uthwebula izithombe ezimile kufanele usebenzise isithombe isisimamisi ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukunyakaza noma ukuxhawula okubanjwe umthwebuli wezithombe ngenkathi echayeka; lokhu kuzinza okungeziwe ngokuvamile kuzoholela ezithombeni ezibukhali uma kuqhathaniswa nokungasebenzisi noma iyiphi indlela yokulungisa sanhlobo. Uma uthwebula ividiyo endaweni ezinzile njenge-tripod noma i-monopod, izici zokuzinzisa zikwazi ukusiza ukugcina izithombe zingenazo izinto zobuciko ezingadingeki ezibangelwa ubude be-telephoto obunwetshiwe.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ukuzinzisa Isithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyinqubo yokunciphisa ukufiphala kokunyakaza ezithombeni nakumavidiyo kanye nokunciphisa ukuhlanekezela okubangelwa ukuzamazama kwekhamera. Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe iyindlela enhle yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezithombe namavidiyo akho, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni okuphansi nalapho ushintsha umbono ngokushesha.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa indlela yokusebenzisa ukuqiniswa kwesithombe futhi nini ukuyisebenzisa.

Setha Imodi

Uma kuziwa ekuqiniseni isithombe, ukwazi ukuthi sisetshenziswa nini futhi kanjani kubalulekile. Ngokuvamile kukhona amamodi athile kumakhamera edijithali namakhamera ongawasebenzisa ukuze unike amandla noma ukhubaze isici sokuqinisa isithombe. Kubalulekile ukusetha imodi yokuzinza kahle ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Okokuqala, hlola imanuwali yekhamera yakho noma imiyalelo ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nezindlela ezitholakalayo zokuzinzisa. Amakhamera amaningi anekhethekile Imodi "ezinzile"., elungiselelwe ukuzamazama okuncane kwekhamera lapho uthwebula izithombe ezimile. Amanye amakhamera nawo ane- Imodi "yokunweba". eklanyelwe ukuthwebula amavidiyo ngenkathi uhambisa ikhamera yakho (noma ulandelela into ethile). Ezinye izilungiselelo ezivamile zihlanganisa Imodi "ye-tripod"., noma Imodi "yokudubula ebusuku". kokubili okunikeza izici ezengeziwe ezifana nesivinini se-shutter nesinxephezelo sokulwa nokunyakaziswa kwesithombe ezimeni eziphansi zokukhanya.

Khetha imodi esebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uhlola izilungiselelo zayo ezizenzakalelayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthwebula - ezinye izindlela zidinga ukuthi ucime ezinye izilungiselelo (njenge-flash) ukuze zisebenze kahle. Setha amanani e-ISO alungile ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle futhi. Lapho inani le-ISO liphezulu elisethwe ekuqiniseni isithombe, ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu ongakuthola ezithombeni noma kumavidiyo akho - kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela amazinga omsindo lapho wenza lokhu kulungiswa!

Okokugcina, khetha isivinini se-shutter ngokushesha ngendlela efanele— lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukufiphala kokunyakaza futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe uma usebenzisa iziqinisi.

Lungisa Izilungiselelo

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzinza kwesithombe buyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ngamakhamera amaningi edijithali nama-DSLR (amakhamera e-digital single-lens reflex) okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo ze-IS ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Iyatholakala futhi kwamanye ama-camcorder, amalensi, nama-smartphone. Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuthi ukwazi ukulungisa izilungiselelo ohlelweni lwakho lwekhamera eyakhelwe ngaphakathi lwe-IS, kungenzeka ngezinye izinto ezifana namakhamera namalensi.

Uma usebenzisa i-lens noma i-camcorder enesistimu yokuqinisa isithombe elungisekayo, kufanele ukwazi ukulawula uhlobo lwe-IS esetshenziswayo (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi I-IS esebenzayo noma enamandla), the inani lokucubungula elisetshenzisiwe (ngokuvamile lilinganiswa njengephesenti), kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinketho ezihlobene (njenge isici sokunqampuna sevidiyo ezinzile). Ukulungisa lezi zilungiselelo kungaba yindlela enhle yokuthola izithombe ezibalulekile ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yesithombe.

Uma uzibuza ukuthi ungazinquma kanjani izilungiselelo ezilungile zelensi yakho noma umzimba wekhamera, cabanga:

• Ukubonisana nebhukwana lakho lomsebenzisi. Iningi lamabhukwana labasebenzisi linikeza imiyalelo enemininingwane yokuthi ungalungisa kanjani izilungiselelo zokuzinzisa isithombe.
• Ukucwaninga izifundo eziku-inthanethi.
• Ukukhuluma nomthwebuli wezithombe onolwazi ukuze uthole ukuqonda okwengeziwe kokuthi lezi zilungiselelo zingaba nomthelela kanjani kuzithombe namavidiyo akho.

Sebenzisa i-Tripod

Ukusebenzisa a i-tripod iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokubusa ukuqina kwesithombe. I-tripod izoqinisekisa ukuthi ikhamera yakho ayinyakazi, futhi igcina ikhamera yakho isendaweni eyodwa ukuze ikwazi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside, njengokuthatha isithombe sezinkanyezi nesibhakabhaka sasebusuku. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-tripod uma usebenzisa amalensi e-telephoto ukuze usize ngokuhlanekezela okungaba khona ekuxhawulaneni, noma lapho uthatha izithombe ezimeni eziphansi zokukhanya. Iningi labathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe nabashisekayo basebenzisa ama-tripod ukuze babhale amashothi abo futhi bathole isithombe esihle ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Uma usebenza nge-tripod, qiniseka ukuthi inamathiselwe ngokuvikelekile kunoma iyiphi indawo osebenza kuyo. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka zonke izingxenye ziqinile ngaphambi kokudubula - ama-slip amancane angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu! Ukwengeza, uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela i-tripod evamile, ungakwazi ukwenza ngcono ngokubeka ikhamera yakho phakathi kwezinto ezimbili njengezincwadi noma imicamelo - noma yini enezinga elithile lokuzinza ephakamisa ikhamera yakho isuke phansi.

Isiphetho

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe iyithuluzi elibalulekile labathwebuli bezithombe nabathwebuli bevidiyo njengoba lingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuthuthumela kanye nokufiphala ezithombeni nakumavidiyo. Kunamasu namathuluzi amaningi atholakalayo okusebenzisa ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kanye nesinqumo sokusebenzisa sincike ohlotsheni lwesithombe kanye nomphumela oyifunayo.

Kulesi sihloko, sixoxile nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa amasu ahlukene okuqinisa isithombe. Siphinde saxoxa ngezinye ze amathuluzi adume kakhulu okuqinisa isithombe etholakalayo. Sengiphetha, ukuzinza kwesithombe kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokuthuthukisa izithombe namavidiyo.

Isifinyezo Sokuqiniswa Kwesithombe

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyinqubo esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa noma ukususa ukufiphala kokunyakaza noma amanye ama-artifact lapho uthatha izithombe. Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa phakathi nezigcawu zokukhanya okuphansi noma ezihamba ngokushesha, lapho kungase kube nokunyakaza okungaphezu kwalokho okungatholwa ikhamera. Ukuqinisa isithombe kusebenza ngokuzinzisa ukunyakaza kwekhamera ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yesithombe engcono. Ngokuhambisa ikhamera ezindaweni ezihlukene, ngendlela elawulwayo, inxephezela noma yikuphi ukuzamazama okungathinta ukucaca nokucaca kwesithombe.

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kungenziwa ngesandla, ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe, noma nge imishini kusho. Ukuzinzisa mathupha kudinga ukulawula ngokuzenzela ukunyakaza kwekhamera ukuze kuzinzise ishothi. Ukuqiniswa kwesoftware kuvumela izindlela ezizenzakalelayo zokuzinzisa futhi kunikeza amathuluzi afana nalawa:

• ukunqampuna kumasayizi ozimele amancane;
• ukulungiswa kwejika lethoni;
• ibhalansi yombala;
• ukuncishiswa kwe-lens aberration;
• ukuncishiswa kwe-vignetting nabanye.

Ukuqiniswa Kwesithombe Somshini kuzonikeza usekelo kukhamera ngenkathi ithwebula izithombe ezinesivinini esikhulu, inikeze ukulawula okukhulu phezu kokuxhawula izandla kuyilapho kukhiqiza izithombe ezicwebezelayo ezinokufiphala okuncishisiwe nokuhlanekezela.

Ukuqiniswa kwesithombe iyindlela ebalulekile efakazele ukuthi iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekuthwebuleni izithombe zedijithali kanye nevidiyo, iqinisekisa amazinga amakhulu okucija nokuqeda izinto zobuciko kuzo zombili izithombe ezimile kanjalo nezithombe zevidiyo. Uma uthwebula ngaphansi kokukhanya okuphansi, izigcawu ezinyakazayo noma izimo lapho kukhona inani elikhulu lezihloko ezihambayo eduze kwakho, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabange ukusebenzisa amasu okuqinisa isithombe ngokwenza noma ngamaphakheji esofthiwe akhethekile ukuze uvikele ikhwalithi yezithombe zakho ukuze uthole. okuningi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kwezithombe!

Amathiphu Okuthola Imiphumela Engcono Kakhulu

Ngokuvamile, ukuqiniswa kwesithombe kuyithuluzi elihle lokuthola isithombe esihle kakhulu ezindaweni eziyinselele. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola imiphumela engcono kakhulu ezithombeni zakho, kunamathiphu ambalwa okufanele uwakhumbule:

• Cabangela uhlobo lokunyakaza oluthwebulayo. Uma urekhoda okuthile okushintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kungabikezeleki ngokuya ngesivinini nendlela eya ngakhona (njengomfudlana wamanzi noma umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo), ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise isivinini sokuvala eside ngelensi enesivinini esincane njenge 50mm f1.4. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isigcawu sakho sihlanganisa ukunyakaza okufanayo (okufana nezemidlalo), khona-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa isivinini esifushane sokuvala ngamalensi anesivinini esikhulu njenge 70mm f2.8 noma ezisheshayo ezifana 85mm f1.2. Vele ukhumbule ukuthi amalensi asheshayo azothambekela kakhulu ekunyakaziseni ikhamera kunawahamba kancane futhi ukusebenzisa ukuqinisa isithombe kungase kungadingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi uyazi nganoma yimiphi imikhawulo engaba khona ebangelwa ubuchwepheshe bekhamera yakho nezinto zengilazi ezisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa isithombe lapho kunqunywa izilungiselelo zakho zokuthwebula. Kokubili ubuchwepheshe bekhamera nezinto zengilazi ezisetshenzisiwe zingaholela ‘ekushaqekeni kwe-shutter’ okungase kubangele izithombe zibonakale zilufifi ngenxa yokunyakaza kwamaminithi okubangelwa ngesikhathi sokuchayeka isikhathi eside. Ukucabangela noma imiphi imikhawulo engaba khona lapho usetha isithombe kungasiza ekuvimbeleni le nkinga futhi kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi ephezulu yesithombe iyagcinwa kuyo yonke inqubo.
• Linga ngamaleveli ahlukahlukene okuzinzisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukuze unqume ukuthi yini ebukeka ingcono kakhulu ngesigcawu ngasinye noma isimo. Amazinga akhulayo noma anciphayo okuzinzisa angathinta indlela ividiyo yakho edlala ngayo kumasayizi okuqapha ahlukene noma ama-engeli okubuka - ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uhlala ulungisa ngokufanele futhi uhlole ngaphambi kokushicilela noma yikuphi okuqukethwe!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.