I-Telephoto Lens: Iyini Futhi Isetshenziswa Nini

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2022

I-telephoto lens iwuhlobo lwamalensi esithombe olusebenza ngokunikeza ukukhuliswa okukhulu kanye nenkundla yokubuka emincane kunelensi evamile.

Lokhu kungaba usizo ekuthwebuleni izinto ezikude ngaphandle kokuthi usondele eduze.

Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukuthatha izithombe ezima ngobude noma izithombe zokwakheka kwezwe ngokujula okubanzi kwenkambu nesihloko esigxile kakhulu, kuyilapho isavumela ukufiphala okuthile kwangemuva.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwelensi yocingo kusesithombeni, njengoba umbono ocindezelwe usiza ukuletha zonke izici zobuso bomuntu, ikhanda namahlombe ekugxileni okujabulisayo. Ukujula kwenkundla okungajulile okunikwe amandla yilokhu ama-lens futhi kusiza ukuhlukanisa isihloko kulo lonke uhlaka, olukhiqiza imiphumela emangalisayo ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamalensi e-telephoto atholakalayo, afana nobude obugxilile obugxilile noma ububanzi, kanye nokusondeza anamazinga ahlukene okufinyelela akuvumela ukuba usondele kodwa ucace ngesihloko sakho.

Amalensi e-Telephoto nawo ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe zezilwane zasendle kanye nezithombe zezemidlalo, lapho i-autofocus esheshayo namandla amahle okuqinisa isithombe efiseleka ngoba avumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bathwebule izithombe bekude. Okunye ukusetshenziswa kufaka phakathi ukuthwebula izithombe zezwe lapho ibanga, indawo engaphambili kanye nesibhakabhaka kuhlangana ndawonye ngokubukwa okuhle kakhulu; izithombe zemfashini ngokunqampuna kwazo okuqinile; kanye nezithombe zezakhiwo lapho ama-engeli abanzi engeke enze ubulungiswa ezakhiweni ezinkulu noma emigwaqweni eshuthelwe kude.

Iyini i-Telephoto Lens?

Ilensi ye-telephoto ilensi yesithombe enobude obude bokugxila kanye nenkundla yokubuka ewumngcingo. Isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa nokucindezela ibanga, okukuvumela ukuthi uthathe izithombe zezinto ezikude. Amalensi e-telephoto asetshenziswa kakhulu ezilwaneni zasendle, ezemidlalo nokunye ukuthwebula izithombe lapho umthwebuli wezithombe edinga ukuba kude nesihloko sabo. Ake sibheke imininingwane yamalensi e-telephoto futhi siqonde ukuthi ingasetshenziselwa nini ukuthatha izithombe ezingcono.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Telephoto Lens

I-telephoto lens iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthwebula izifundo zikude, futhi ingaba umehluko phakathi kwesithombe esijwayelekile nento ekhumbulekayo ngempela. Amalensi e-Telephoto anobude bokugxila okude kakhulu kunamalensi ekhamera ajwayelekile, avumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bafake ifreyimu yezithombe zabo ngaphandle kokusondelana kakhulu ngokomzimba. Uma zisetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, zinamandla okucindezela izinto ezibukwayo esithombeni, zenze kube sengathi yonke into isondelene, futhi zidonsela ukunaka emininingwaneni yezinto ezikude.

Inzuzo yokuqala enkulu yokusebenzisa ilensi ye-telephoto ukwanda kokukhulisa; noma ubani owazi ama-zooms uzokwazi ukuthi izithombe zakho zibukeka kangcono kangakanani uma ukwazi ukukhulisa usayizi wesihloko sakho. Ukwengeza, ukujula okwenyukile kwenkambu kuvumela ukulawula kobuciko okukhulu ngokufiphala kwangemuva, futhi isivinini se-shutter esiphansi singenzeka ekusebenzeni okukhulu kokukhanya okuphansi. Ngokungeziwe kulezi zinzuzo, amalensi e-telephoto aphinde afake okokubona okuthuthukile okuhlinzeka ngokucijile okuthuthukisiwe nokucaca ngaphezu kozakwabo bendabuko. Amakhamera we-Telephoto aphinde anikeze ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe ekukhanyeni ngenxa yamandla awo okulawula ukukhanya okungemuva okuphezulu. Okokugcina, baphinde banikeze abathwebuli bezithombe nabathwebuli bezithombe ngokufanayo inkululeko eyengeziwe mayelana nama-engeli lapho beshutha amavidiyo noma kumile ezindaweni eziqinile; ngokuvamile uzothola ukuthi ama-telephotos aziboleka kahle ikakhulukazi lapho udubula izilwane zasendle noma imicimbi yezemidlalo lapho ukunyakaza phakathi kohlaka kudinga ibanga elide lokugxila.

Isetshenziswa nini i-Telephoto Lens

Amalensi e-Telephoto mahle ekuthwebuleni izithombe ezinemininingwane ukude. Zilungele izithombe zezilwane zasendle nezinyoni futhi zingasetshenziselwa ukudubula ezemidlalo noma izithombe zokuhlela. Zihamba phambili ekudaleni inkambu ukujula okungajulile futhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nelensi ye-engeli ebanzi. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinzuzo zokusebenzisa ilensi ye-telephoto nokuthi yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuyisebenzisa.

Ukuthwebula Kwezwe

Ngokuthwebula isithombe sokwakheka kwezwe, amalensi e-telephoto awusizo ekuthwebuleni i-vista ngenye indlela okungenakwenzeka ukuyifinyelela ukude. Ukusebenzisa ilensi ende yobude obugxile ezimweni ezinjalo kungakha isithombe (esivame ukubizwa ngabathwebuli ngokuthi “ukucindezela”) esibukeka sengathi useduze ngokwanele ukuthi ungathinta izinto ezisesithombeni. Lo mphumela uthuthukiswa lapho kuthwebula indawo enkulukazi nezigcawu ze-panoramic, noma lapho kuthwetshulwa izithombe zezindawo ezivalekile, lapho ungasebenzisa khona ithuba lokubumbana kwelensi.

Vele, lo mphumela ocindezelwe uza nengozi: ngoba kunokujula okuncane kwenkundla - ibanga phakathi kwezinto ezibonakala zibukhali - ukukhetha imininingwane ephawulekayo kungaba inselele. Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthwebula izithombe, ukukhetha igiya elifanele nokufunda ukulisebenzisa kubalulekile ngomsebenzi wokuma kwezwe. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukujwayelana nesifundo sakho njengoba ubudlelwano bendawo buyashintsha kakhulu uma usebenzisa amalensi amade kunalokho obekungenzeka uma usebenzisa ama-engeli abanzi. Ngokuqonda ukuthi lawa ma-lens asebenza kanjani, uzokwazi ukuhlola amathuba okuqamba ongeke ukwazi ukuwenza ngaphandle kwawo.

Izithombe Zasendle

I-telephoto lens iyithuluzi eliwusizo lokuthatha izithombe zezilwane zasendle, njengoba ingasetshenziswa ukuletha izifundo ezikude ukugcwalisa uhlaka. Ubude bokugxila okude bukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise isihloko sakho futhi ucindezele ingemuva, okuholela ezithombeni ezithophayo ezidonsela ukunaka ezicini zaso. Ukuze uthole isithombe esicace ngangokunokwenzeka, bheka amalensi anobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukudlidliza (VR) ukuze unciphise ukufiphala kokunyakaza futhi ukhulise ukucija. Ukudubula izilwane zasendle nge-telephoto lens kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ibanga elinempilo phakathi kwakho nesihloko sakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma uthwebula izilwane ezingaba yingozi njengamabhere noma amakati! Ngokuya ngezidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali, ungakhetha kumalensi aphambili (okungasondezi) noma amalensi okusondeza. Ilensi eyinhloko ikunikeza inani elimangalisayo lamandla okuqoqa ukukhanya kuphakheji elincane uma kuqhathaniswa. Uma ukuphatheka kuyikhona okubaluleke kakhulu, lokhu kungaba yisinqumo esilungele wena. Amalensi okusondeza anikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe kodwa ngokuvamile eza nekhwalithi ye-optics ephansi kancane kanye nosayizi okhulisiwe ngenxa yendlela yokusondeza ngaphakathi.

Izithombe Zezemidlalo

Amalensi e-Telephoto asetshenziswa kakhulu ezithombeni zezemidlalo ngenxa yekhono lawo lokusondeza izifundo ezikude. Amalensi e-Telephoto anobude bokugxila obude, okusho ukuthi angasondeza izithombe ezikude ngaphandle kokukhiqiza inani elibalulekile lokuhlanekezelwa kwesithombe.

Isibonelo, amalensi e-telephoto angasetshenziswa ukuthwebula ubuso babadlali enkundleni yebhola ukusuka endaweni ephambene noma umsubathi owenza i-stunt enzima enqamula inkundla enkulu. Kulezi zimo, ngeke kusebenze ukusebenzisa amalensi amafushane njengoba angeke akwazi ukunikeza amandla anele okukhulisa umphumela oyifunayo.

Amalensi e-Telephoto nawo asetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe zesenzo nokudala izithombe ezinhle zabasubathi kusici sabo. Nakuba amalensi amafushane azoveza imiphumela esontekile lapho abantu behamba ngokushesha, izithombe zamalensi e-telephoto zihlala zicacile futhi zicacile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isihloko sihamba ngokushesha kangakanani.

Imisebenzi yangaphandle efana nokushushuluza eqhweni ne-snowboarding inikeza amathuba ahlukile kochwepheshe abathwebulayo ngamakhamera e-telephoto-focus lens. I-telephoto lens ivumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bathwebule izithombe ezithokozisayo ngenkathi bemi ngokuphephile kude nezindawo ezingaba yingozi noma izinkundla zemidlalo ezinomthelela omkhulu.

Ekugcineni, noma yimuphi umthwebuli wezithombe ofuna ukuthatha izithombe zezemidlalo ezimangalisayo kufanele acabange ukungeza ilensi yocingo kunqolobane yakhe yezikhali – kuwufanele ukutshalwa kwezimali!

Photrait Photography

Ukuthwebula izithombe kuwumsebenzi omuhle kakhulu welensi ye-telephoto. Njengoba ungalindela, inzuzo enkulu yamalensi e-telephoto ekuthwebuleni izithombe ukuthi angakusiza ukuthi udale izithombe ezithophayo ngokukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule izifundo ukude. Uma uthwebula izithombe ezisondele kakhulu, kungaba nzima ukugcwalisa ifremu ngoba ubuso bungaba bukhulu kakhulu uma buthwetshulwa ngelensi ye-engeli ebanzi. Ngamalensi e-telephoto, abathwebuli bezithombe bangasondeza futhi bafiphaze ingemuva, okusiza ukudala isimo esiseduze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa ma-lens athambekele ekukhiqizeni izithombe ze-bokeh ezibushelelezi ezilungele ukuthwebula izithombe ngobude njengoba enikeza izithombe ukujula nobukhulu. Amalensi e-Telephoto aphinde anikeze ikhwalithi yesithombe ecijile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguqulo ze-engeli ebanzi, okuwenza alungele ukuthwebula imininingwane emihle efana nokubukeka kobuso bomuntu—akhiphe ithoni yesikhumba esithambile nezici eziyingqayizivele njengamabala noma ama-dimples ngokucacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa ma-lens mancane amathuba okuthi abe nokuhlanekezela kunawo ama-engeli abanzi; yingakho ukwenza ukuma ngobude kubukeke kungokwemvelo futhi kunembile. Okokugcina, ukuba nobude obuningi bokugxila kuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bahlukanise isihloko sabo endaweni ebazungezile kangcono - ukudala izithombe ezigxilisa isihloko sakho ngenkathi yonke enye into ibonakala ilufifi ngemuva.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, ilensi ye-telephoto iyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu kumthwebuli wezithombe. Ukusebenzisa i-telephoto lens kungakusiza ukuthi uthwebule izigcawu ezimangalisayo ukusuka kude, futhi kukuvumela ukuthi udale izithombe ezinhle ebezingeke zikhoneke. Ilensi ye-telephoto iphinde inikeze inzuzo yokukwazi ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi nokucaca kunezinye izinhlobo zamalensi. Lapho unquma ukuthi iyiphi ilensi ongayithenga, kubalulekile ukucabangela isitayela sakho sokuthatha izithombe kanye nohlobo lwezithombe ongathanda ukuzithatha ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukhetha okulungile ngezidingo zakho.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.