Ividiyo: Iyini Futhi Ihluke Kanjani Ezithombeni

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 25, 2022

Ividiyo isiphenduke indlela eyanda ukuduma yokwabelana ngokuqukethwe. Amavidiyo ayindlela enhle yokudlulisa umlayezo noma tshela indaba. Ngokungafani nezithombe, amavidiyo afaka phakathi umsindo nokunyakaza okungazenza zihehe kakhulu isibukeli.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi iyini ividiyo nokuthi iyini yehluka ezithombeni.

Incazelo yevidiyo

Ividiyo ukuthwebula izithombe ezihambayo phakathi nesikhathi esithile kanye nokwengezwa komsindo. Kuyimidiya yokulalelwayo nokubonwayo ene- isikhathi futhi ingamiswa isikhashana, iboshwe kabusha, noma idluliselwe phambili ngokushesha. Amafomethi wevidiyo ajwayelekile I-MPEG-2 futhi I-MPEG-4.

Ividiyo njengemidiya ibuyela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 lapho uThomas Edison eqala umshini wakhe we-kinetoscope owawusetshenziselwa ukubuka amafilimu amafushane adalwe kusetshenziswa izithombe ezishuthwe emicu yefilimu ye-celluloid. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, Amakhamera yahamba kancane kakhulu, ngakho izinqumo bezingekho phezulu kakhulu. Namuhla, ividiyo yedijithali inikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekuxazululeni nasekufomeni kune-celluloid eyakwenza eminyakeni yayo yokuqala. Ividiyo ingaqoshwa kumateyipu kazibuthe afana Amateyipu we-VHS (I-VHS imele iSistimu Yasekhaya Yevidiyo) ngokudlalwa komabonakude abajwayelekile noma egcinwe kuma-optical discs njengalokhu DVD (Ama-Digital Versatile Discs), Ama-Blu-ray discs (Ama-Blu-ray Discs ayizinguqulo ezinencazelo ephezulu ezilandela ubuchwepheshe beDVD).

Ividiyo ihlukile ezithombeni ngokuthi izithombe zithwebula isithombe esimile ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenkathi ividiyo ithwebula izithombe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuvumela abantu ukuthi babuke umnyakazo noma okuhlangenwe nakho njengokungathi babekubonile ngempela ngesikhathi kwenzeka, okubavumela ukuba bazizwe sengathi babekhona mathupha esikhundleni sokubona izithombe ezimile ezikhishwe kumongo kamuva kakhulu phansi komugqa. Ukwengeza, nakuba amavidiyo angase abe nezithombe ezimile njengezithombe, nawo anazo izingoma okwengeza kulwazi oluthuthukisa ukucwiliswa ngokuqhubekayo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamavidiyo

Ividiyo iqoqo lezithombe ezithathwe ngesikhathi esithile, ezithwetshulwa ngokuvamile yikhamera yevidiyo. Uma izithombe zidlalwa ndawonye ngokulandelana ngokushesha zenza inkohliso yokunyakaza futhi zinikeze umbono wesenzo sangempela. Ividiyo ingathatha izinhlobo eziningi kuye ngenjongo yayo, kusukela kuziqeshana ezimfushane kuya kumafilimu namadokhumentari obude besici; noma ividiyo ethathwe endaweni yesitudiyo iqhathaniswa nevidiyo eshuthelwe ngaphandle.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zevidiyo ezitholakalayo ongazisebenzisa, ngayinye ifanele izinjongo ezihlukene kuye ngemiphumela oyifunayo:

• Animation: Imifanekiso ekhiqizwe ikhompuyutha noma izithombe ezigqwayizayo ukuze zenze izinto ezibonwayo. Ukugqwayiza kungasetshenziswa kumafilimu nezinhlelo zikamabonakude kanye namawebhusayithi asebenzisanayo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Isenzo esibukhoma: Noma yini ethwetshulwe abalingisi bangempela futhi isethwe phambi kwamakhamera. Amafilimu amaningi, izinhlelo zethelevishini, nezinhlelo zezindaba zishuthwa kusetshenziswa izenzo ezibukhoma.
• I-Documentary/Reality Footage: Izithombe zesitayela sedokhumentari ngokuvamile zitholakala kumafilimu ahlanganisa imicimbi yezindaba noma ukubheka uhlobo oluthile lweqiniso olufana namadokhumentari emvelo.
• Amasheya esitokwe: Izithombe ezirekhodiwe ngaphambili ezitholakalayo ukuze zisetshenziswe ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekile; ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukonga isikhathi nemali lapho kwakhiwa amaphrojekthi.
• Isikrini Esiluhlaza/i-VFX Footage: Izithombe ze-CGI ezihlanganiswe nezithombe ezingokoqobo kusetshenziswa izikrini eziluhlaza; isetshenziselwa amavidiyo afakiwe imiphumela ekhethekile njengokuqhuma noma ukuzijabulisa.

Ividiyo ihluke kanjani ezithombeni?

Ividiyo iwuhlobo lwemidiya ebonakalayo esebenzisa izithombe ezihambayo nomsindo ukuxoxa indaba. Ihluka ezithombeni ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela ohlotsheni lokuqukethwe okungathwetshulwa kuya ezimisweni okungabiwa ngazo.

Kulesi sihloko sizobe sibheka ukuthi ividiyo ihluke kanjani ezithombeni nokuthi yini izinzuzo ividiyo inezithombe ezingaphezu:

Umehluko wezobuchwepheshe

Uma uqhathanisa ividiyo nezithombe ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, enye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uziqaphele ukuthi ividiyo iqukethe izithombe eziningi ezihlanganayo (ozimele) ezithwetshulwe zilandelana ngokushesha ukuze kudalwe inkohliso yokunyakaza. Uhlaka ngalunye kuvidiyo lungaqukatha kufika 16 million pixels wedatha, okwenza kuqhathaniswe noma kudlule isinqumo sezithombe eziningi.

Umehluko wesibili omkhulu usekutheni sikubona kanjani ukunyakaza kuvidiyo uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombe ezimile. Ekuthwebuleni izithombe ezimile, sivame ukuncika emcabangweni wethu ukuze sigcwalise imininingwane okungenzeka ilahlekile—sizibuza imibuzo mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani ngaphandle kohlaka noma ukuthi kwenzekeni ngaphambi nje noma ngemva kokuba isithombe sithwetshulwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulandelana kokunyakaza kunikeza isikophu esigcwele esehlakalweni, njengoba sidlulela ngale kohlaka olulodwa—kusinikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe ukuze siphendule leyo mibuzo efanayo.

Ekugcineni, lapho becubungula indlela ifomethi ngayinye esetshenziswa ngayo, abathwebuli bezithombe bavame ukulwela ukuthwebula umzuzu owodwa 'ophelele' kuyilapho abathwebuli bevidiyo belwela ukuthwebula ukulandelana okude esikhathini eside. Nakuba amakhamera asetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe ngokuvamile anezilinganiso eziphansi zozimele (ngaphansi kuka-60 ozimele ngomzuzwana), amakhamera amaningi asetshenziselwa ukuthwebula ividiyo azoshutha aze afike Ama-240 ozimele ngomzuzwana ukuzivumela ukuthi zithwebule imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi engabonwa yiso ngesikhathi sangempela (okwaziwa ngokuthi ukunyakaza kancane).

Umehluko wokudala

Uma iqhathaniswa nezithombe, ividiyo inikezela ngamathuba amaningi okuqamba nokudlulisa imizwelo. Ngezithombe, uyakwazi ukuthwebula izikhathi ezingabodwa ngesikhathi ngokusebenzisa isithombe esinganyakazi. Kodwa-ke, lapho uthwebula ividiyo awukwazi ukuthwebula kuphela ukunyakaza ngaphakathi kohlaka olulodwa, kodwa futhi phakathi kwamafreyimu, okwengeza izinga elisha lonke lomzwelo endabeni noma esihlokweni sakho. Ividiyo futhi ikunikeza ikhono loku xoxa izindaba isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuthi unqamule esihlokweni esikhulu noma uqale futhi ngomunye ukudubula. I-Adobe Premiere Rush yenza abadali bakwazi ukushutha ngokushesha, bahlele futhi babelane ngamavidiyo besuka kumafoni abo.

Ukwengeza, ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi anjenge ukukhanya, imiphumela yomsindo kanye nokugreda kombala ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwangemuva kokukhiqiza, umuntu uyakwazi ukwenza imiphumela ebonakalayo eyingqayizivele obekungeke kwenzeke ukuyifinyelela ngokuthwebula izithombe ezimile. Abaklami bezithombe ezinyakazayo bangagqwayiza izihloko/imibhalo kumavidiyo futhi bawadale logo loops kanye animations ezengeza izici ezinamandla kumavidiyo.

Izinzuzo Zevidiyo

Ividiyo kungaba ithuluzi elinamandla lokuxhumana. Kuyindlela enhle yokudlulisa umlayezo ngokushesha futhi hlanganisa izilaleli zakho. Ividiyo ingasiza ekudaleni ukuxhumana okunenjongo phakathi kwabantu futhi idale umuzwa ogxile kakhulu.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa nge izinzuzo zevidiyo nokuthi kanjani yehluka ezithombeni.

ukuzibophezela

Ividiyo ifakazelwe ukuthi ikhulisa kakhulu ukuzibandakanya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kunamanye amafomu afana nezithombe noma imibhalo. Ividiyo ingakha ikakhulukazi i ukuxhumana ngokomzwelo phakathi kokuqukethwe kwevidiyo, njengomkhiqizo noma umkhiqizo, kanye nababukeli, okungaholela ezingeni elikhulayo lokuzibandakanya. Lokhu kungase kuphumele ekuthandeni okwengeziwe nakwabelane ngevidiyo, ngaleyo ndlela kusabalalise umlayezo wayo futhi kukhulise ukuthengisa.

Amavidiyo aphinde ahlinzeke ngokuqukethwe okunhlobonhlobo okungagcina izethameli zibandakanyeke kakhulu ngama-akhawunti enkampani ezingosi zokuxhumana ukubonisa imikhiqizo ehlukene noma imilayezo. Futhi zinikeza ukuqonda okwengeziwe kokuthi imikhiqizo isebenza kanjani noma ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani kunezithombe nombhalo ngokuvamile ongazuzwa. Ukwengeza bavumela izibukeli ukuthi zithole ukuqonda okungcono kokunyakaza okungenzeki ngezithombe zodwa, kanjalo sijulise imizwa ethile. Abantu ngokwemvelo bakhangwa ukunyakaza futhi ividiyo isebenzisa lokhu ukuze kukhule ukuzibandakanya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Finyelela

Okuqukethwe kwenkundla yezokuxhumana okungamavidiyo kutholwe kusebenza kangcono kuzo zonke iziteshi. Amavidiyo angasiza ukuchaza ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi, ajwayeze amakhasimende ngebhrendi yakho, futhi enze okuvelayo. Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi amawebhusayithi anomkhiqizo noma amavidiyo wokufundisa ayanda ukusebenzelana nokuqukethwe nokugcina amakhasimende isikhathi eside.

Amavidiyo ayindlela enhle kakhulu yokwenza thola ukunaka kwamakhasimende ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Isibonelo, ababukeli babuka ividiyo ngokwesilinganiso esingu-55% ngokudala ithuba lokuthi umlayezo wakho ufinyelele kubo kusenesikhathi kuvidiyo kunokuthembela ekhophi noma esithombeni kuphela. Njengoba ezisekelweni ezibukwayo like I-Instagram, TikTok, ne-Facebook baqhubeke nokukhula bakha amathuba amaningi okufinyelela izethameli zakho ozihlosile ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amavidiyo atholakele Amathuba angu-20x ngaphezu kokuthunyelwe kombhalo okwabelwana ngazo kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi omphakathi wezokuxhumana - ukwanda okwandayo kokuchayeka komlayezo wakho kanye namandla okushayela kuholela emuva ekhasini lakho. Amavidiyo nawo anamazinga aphezulu okufinyelela kwemvelo ngenxa yemvelo yawo ehehayo - njengabasebenzisi 3x ngangokunokwenzeka yabelana ngokuthunyelwe kwevidiyo kunanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lokuthunyelwe ku-Facebook. Okokugcina, izitayela zamanje zibonisa ukuthi ukufinyeleleka okwengeziwe okuzuzwa ngokusebenzisa amavidiyo kusho amadola ambalwa adinga ukusetshenziswa emizamweni yokukhangisa phakathi nemikhankaso ukuthuthukisa i-ROI kusukela ekuqaleni.

Okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi

Uma kuziwa ekudluliselweni komlayezo, ividiyo inezinzuzo eziningi kunezithombe. Ividiyo esebenzayo ingakha izinga lokusebenzelana nezithameli okunzima ukulifinyelela ngezithombe zodwa. Ividiyo inikeza ithuba loku vusa imizwa futhi ubandakanye abasebenzisi ngezindlela ezingatholakali nezinye izinhlobo zemidiya.

Ividiyo iyona uhlobo oluphumelela kakhulu lwemidiya ukudala imizwa ebonakalayo kanye nomthelela wemizwa. Ividiyo ingadonsela ababukeli ngezithombe ezihehayo nomsindo, oxhumeka sezingeni lomzwelo. Yengeza ukuthungwa kanye nobukhulu endabeni ngokunikeza ukunyakaza - okuthile izithombe ezingakwazi ukukwenza ngempumelelo. Izithombe ezihambayo zingadonsa ukunaka kwabantu ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zidale okuqukethwe okudonsa ukunaka okuzobamba izithameli ezithakaselayo futhi kuzikhuthaze ukuthi zibukele isikhathi eside kunento engaguquki njengesithombe noma okuthunyelwe okusekelwe embhalweni.

Okuqukethwe kwevidiyo nakho kunika amandla okwengeziwe okuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzisanayo ezibukelini - izinhlolovo zokucabanga, izinhlolovo, imiqhudelwano, into engekho ngokoqobo (VR), into engekho ngokoqobo (AR), imicimbi yokusakaza bukhoma, amademo emikhiqizo, izifundo zemfundo - zonke lezi zinhlobo zemisebenzi zingenzeka ngokusakazwa kwevidiyo okungeke kuzuzwe kalula kwamanye amafomethi njengezithombe noma okuqukethwe okusekelwe emibhalweni.

Ividiyo iphinde isize ngokuzibandakanya komsebenzisi ngokunikeza ukwenza ngokwezifiso; amakhasimende angaba nesipiliyoni esilungiselelwe ngokusekelwe endaweni akuyo, idatha yokuziphatha komsebenzisi noma okuthandwa nguwe okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi athuthuke ngokwezifiso isevisi yamakhasimende ngenkathi sikhulisa izikolo zokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Izinselele Zevidiyo

Nakuba ukuthwebula nokudala amavidiyo kungase kube mnandi kunokusebenzisa izithombe ezimile, kungase futhi kube indlela eyinselele kakhulu. Amavidiyo adinga izinga lekhono lobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuqonda izimiso zokuqamba, umsindo, ukunyakaza, nokukhanya. Ukwengeza, amavidiyo nawo adinga isikhathi esiningi namandla ukuze ahlele futhi ahlanganiswe, yingakho abathwebuli bezithombe abaningi bengase bakhethe ukunamathela ezithombeni ezimile.

Ake singene kokunye okuyinhloko izinselelo zokusebenza ngevidiyo:

Cost

Ukukhiqizwa kwevidiyo kuza ngezindleko ezivame ukuba phezulu kakhulu kunezindleko zokuthatha izithombe ezimbalwa ezimile. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuthi amabhizinisi ethule ividiyo isu lawo lokumaketha ngenxa yezinkinga zesabelomali. Izindleko ezinyukile ze ukuqopha, ukuhlela kanye nokubamba kungabangela abakhangisi ukuthi babheke izinketho ezithengekayo ukuze bathole inzuzo enkulu emikhankasweni yabo yevidiyo.

Ukuqopha ngemishini ethile kanye nokuhlela ngesoftware esezingeni lomkhakha nakho kuza nezindleko ezengeziwe, kusukela ekuqasheni okokusebenza kwekhamera ukuze ukhokhele. abaklami bezithombe, onjiniyela bemisindo, ababhali beskripthi noma abaculi abalandisayo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isabelomali sakho sicabangela zonke lezi zindleko ezingaba khona lapho uhlela imikhankaso yevidiyo.

Ukwengeza, inqubo yokudala yemibono ivuswe ngu izikhathi zokucabangisisa namanye amalungu ethimba lakho ningangeza izindleko ezengeziwe futhi niphakamise imibuzo mayelana nokusebenza lapho nithola imibono phansi. Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uzilungiselele ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokushutha ukuze ungagcini usuqala phansi ngoba kukhona okugejiwe noma okukhohliwe ekuhleleni kwangaphambi kokukhiqiza.

Isikhathi

Isikhathi ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile ezehlukanisa ividiyo ezithombeni ezimile. Nakuba izithombe ngokuvamile ziyizikhathi ezidlulayo, zithatha isekhondi elihlukanisayo ngesikhathi, ividiyo ikunikeza ikhono lokudala izindaba ezinde nezindaba. Ukuthwebula isigcawu imizuzwana embalwa noma ngisho namaminithi kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole izihloko ngokujula okwengeziwe futhi kwengeze ukuhlukahluka, okusha kanye nomuzwa wokunyakaza kumaphrojekthi akho.

Uma uqopha, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi ufuna ukulandelana noma ukuthwebula ngakunye kube yinde kangakanani (noma kufushane). Imikhawulo ebonakalayo efana nempilo yebhethri noma ukukhanya okutholakalayo kungakhawulela ukuthi ingakanani ividiyo ongayithatha, kodwa ezinye izici ezifana amasu okuxoxa indaba kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe lapho uhlela isibhamu sakho.

Ukuba nombono we ijubane levidiyo yakho ingakusiza ukuba ucabange kakhulu ngenkathi uqopha; kukukhuthaza ukuthi ucabange kusengaphambili futhi uhlele yonke indaba yakho ngaphandle kokuba nawo wonke amavidiyo aphambi kwakho. Isibonelo, uma uqala ngesingeniso esihamba kancane esithatha imizuzwana eyi-10, lokho kungase kukunikeze umbono wokuthi ungaya kuphi ngokulandelayo - ngokuphakamisa ijubane ngokushutha okulandelanayo okumaphakathi noma ngokwehlisa ijubane. nakakhulu ngokulandelana okude nakakhulu. Lesi isibonelo esisodwa nje; ukudlala nxazonke ngesivinini nobude obuhlukene kungabaluleka ekudaleni ividiyo eguquguqukayo nokuxoxa indaba ehehayo.

Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe

Ukuthwebula ividiyo kudinga izinga elithile lolwazi lobuchwepheshe kuyilapho abantu abaningi bethatha izifinyezo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bake baqeqeshwa noma cha. Kudingeka okokusebenza okuthile, njengekhamera ekwazi ukudubula I-HD (Ukucaca Okuphezulu) noma ukulungiswa kwe-4K, kanye nememori yangaphandle yokugcina amafayela evidiyo amakhulu. Kukhona futhi ukucatshangelwa kwesikhathi okufanele kukhunjulwe; ezinye izithombe zingase zibe zinde kakhulu ngenjongo ehlosiwe futhi kufanele zihlelwe phansi kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ekhethekile njenge I-Adobe Premiere kanye neFinal Cut Pro.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokuthwebula 'izithombe ezihambayo' - ikakhulukazi ngamadivayisi aphathwayo - kuyinselele impela futhi kungenziwa kahle ngokuphrakthiza nolwazi. Ukuhlela ividiyo, futhi, kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ekubunjweni kwesibhamu nokuhamba kancane - ngokuvamile akukhona nje ukuhlanganisa iziqeshana ezihlukahlukene ngokulandelana okukodwa; ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiqeshana ngasinye sifakwe uzimele ngendlela efanele futhi sigeleza kahle sisuka kwesinye kukhiye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukuba nezidingo zokuqoshwa komsindo okufanele zicatshangelwe njenge i-boom mics noma imakrofoni ye-lavalier engenantambo okudingeka zisebenze ngokuhambisana nezithombe ezisesikrinini uma zifakwe kwifilimu.

Ubunkimbinkimbi obukhona busebenza ukukhombisa ukuthi kungani ividiyo ikhiqiza imiphumela yobungcweti kakhulu kunezithombe uma kuza ekuvezeni, ukukhombisa ukwethula idatha noma imikhiqizo yokumaketha.

Isiphetho

Amavidiyo ayindlela enhle yokuthwebula isikhashana ngesikhathi futhi angasetshenziswa ukuxoxa indaba. Ngokungafani nezithombe, ukuthwebula amavidiyo ukunyakaza nomsindo, okubenza bahehe ngokwengeziwe. Amavidiyo angabuye ahlelwe ukwengeza imiphumela, umculo, noshintsho olukhethekile olungawenza adonse ukunakwa okwengeziwe.

Sengiphetha, amavidiyo angaba yindlela enhle yokwabelana ngolwazi kanye imizwelo ukuthi izithombe zodwa azikwazi.

Ukufingqwa kwamaphuzu okukhulunywe ngawo

Kafushane, kusobala ukuthi amavidiyo nezithombe ziyizindlela ezihlukene ezinezici ezihlukile. Amavidiyo angathwebula ukunyakaza, umsindo nesikhathi ngendlela izithombe ezingakwazi ngayo. Banezinzuzo eziningi phezu kwezithombe, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekubandakanyeni izethameli ezinkundleni zokuxhumana lapho okungenzeka khona ukuthi zibe khona. kwabelwana kwabukwa kunezithombe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izithombe zihlala ziyinketho efanelekile yokuthwebula izikhathi ezithile noma ukudala ukulandisa ngezithombe ezikhethwe ngokucophelela.

Ekugcineni, isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi ifomethi yemidiya okufanele isetshenziswe sincike kakhulu ezidingweni nezinjongo zomuntu ngamunye.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.