Nkhani: Kodi Pakupanga Mafilimu Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Ndi Chifukwa Chiyani Ndikofunikira?

pa kim Zasinthidwa: June 26, 2022

Kulankhulana ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga mafilimu lomwe makanema onse opambana amafanana. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofunika monga chiwembu, khalidwe Chitukuko, lathundipo kukambirana kupanga nkhani yosangalatsa. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, imatha kukopa chidwi ndi owonera ndikuwatsogolera kusamala za otchulidwa mufilimuyo ndi ulendo wawo.

Kuti mumvetse bwino chifukwa chake nkhani ili yofunika pakupanga mafilimu, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapanga nkhani:

• chiwembu
• Kukula Khalidwe
• mutu
• Kukambiranako

Tanthauzo la Nkhani

Nkhani ndi liwu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zaluso zamakanema zofotokozera nkhani kudzera munkhani zomvera ndi zowonera. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu, chifukwa zimathandiza kuti omvera azimvetsera pamene akupereka uthenga ndipo pamapeto pake amapanga chidwi.

Pachimake, nkhani imakhudza otchulidwa komanso kumvetsetsa maulendo awo pamene akukumana ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Kuti akwaniritse izi, olemba nkhani ayenera kukhala okhoza cheza ndi omvera, pangani anthu odalirika ndi zochitika, tulutsani malingaliro mwa omvera pakupanga mfundo zachiwembu zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala olumikizidwa, ndipo pamapeto pake amathetsa.

Ndi ntchito ya wopanga mafilimu kapena script-wolemba kuti apange chiyanjano choyambirira ndi omvera ake polemba chiwembu chomwe chimafika pachiwonetsero chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe amafunidwa kapena makanema apawayilesi (kutengera sing'anga). Tsambali liyenera kukhala ndi zidziwitso zofunika monga tsatanetsatane wa chilengedwe/makhazikitsidwe, kamangidwe kachiwembu (mawu oyamba, omanga, pachimake ndi kukonza), magawo ang'onoang'ono, ma arcs ndi zina., zonse zakonzedwa kuti zifikire ku mawu omaliza okhutiritsa.

Kufotokozera nkhani kumathandizira kumvetsetsa kwathu zenizeni - kumapatsa anthu malingaliro osiyanasiyana pamitu yovuta komanso mafunso amakhalidwe abwino. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani ngati zosangalatsa, koma timazigwiritsanso ntchito pazamaphunziro - kaya ndi kufotokoza mfundo zovuta mwatsatanetsatane kapena kufotokoza moona mtima nkhani za anthu - nkhani ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimatha kudzutsa kulingalira kwachifundo mwa owonera.

Kufotokozera Nkhani mu Kupanga Mafilimu

Kufotokozera nkhani pakupanga mafilimu ndi luso lomwe limalola opanga mafilimu kugwiritsa ntchito zida za filimu (zowoneka, zomveka, nyimbo, otchulidwa ndi nkhani) kuti apange nkhani yosangalatsa. Ndi zojambulajambula zomwe zimaphatikiza mbali zambiri zaukadaulo ndi luso kuti zipangitse otchulidwa ndi nkhani kukhala zamoyo pazenera lalikulu.

Kukamba nkhani ndikofunikira pakupanga mafilimu chifukwa ndiye chinthu chofunikira zomwe zimathandiza owonerera kuti alowe mu nkhaniyo. Kaya ndikupanga dziko lokhulupirira kapena kupanga malingaliro amphamvu pakati pa otchulidwa, nthano yabwino imatha kukopa owonera ndikuwatengera paulendo wosaiwalika. Popanga nkhani zatanthauzo ndi zosaiŵalika, opanga mafilimu akhoza kupanga chidwi chokhalitsa ndi mafilimu awo kwa zaka zambiri.

Katswiri wofotokozera nkhani amaganizira zinthu zambiri zopanga mafilimu monga cinematography, kuchita, kulemba, kusintha ndi kupanga mawu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi mwanzeru, opanga mafilimu amatha kupanga nkhani zokhala ndi zithunzi zosanjikizana komanso nkhani zomwe zimakopa omvera. Nkhani zazikulu zimathandizira kwambiri kukhutitsidwa kwa owonera onse chifukwa sizimangolola owonera kukhala ndi zochitika zosangalatsa ndi kanema komanso zimawathandiza kumvetsetsa zambiri za iwo eni mwakukulitsa kumvetsetsa kwawo malingaliro omwe amafufuzidwa mkati mwa mafilimu.

Udindo wa Nkhani pa Kupanga Mafilimu

Kulankhulana yakhala gawo lofunikira pakupanga mafilimu kuyambira pachiyambi cha cinema. Ndilo chida chomwe chimalola opanga mafilimu kupanga kugwirizana maganizo ndi omvera ndi kubweretsa masomphenya awo kukhala amoyo. Kufotokozera nkhani ndi njira yopangira nthano yofotokozera yomwe imatsogolera owonera paulendo wamalingaliro.

M'nkhaniyi tiona udindo wa nkhani mukupanga mafilimu ndi chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kwambiri.

Kuwonjezera Mawonekedwe

Nkhani pakupanga mafilimu ndi gawo lofunikira pakumiza omvera muntchito yanu. Kuphatikizira nkhani yamphamvu komanso yopatsa chidwi kumatha kukulitsa chidwi cha zowoneka ndikuthandizira kukopa owonera kudziko lanu. Mapangidwe a nkhani amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi olemba kuwonetsetsa kuti zilembo zawo zili ndi ma arcs odziwika bwino, okhala ndi zoyambira zamphamvu, zapakati, ndi mathero.

Phindu kwa opanga mafilimu ndikuti muli ndi gawo lina loti mugwiritse ntchito bwino zithunzi ndi mawu anu kuti mukope owonera m'njira zapadera. Kupyolera mukugwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira monga kuwombera kofananira, kudulidwa kwa zokambirana kapena chilengedwe, kuyenda ndi zina, opanga mafilimu amatha kutenga nkhani yopangidwa bwino yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lopangidwa mwaluso ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yamakanema kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi a kanema Zokhudza kupeza wachibale wamunthu yemwe adatayika kalekale ku Europe ndiye mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zowonera kuchokera kumalo aliwonse kuti muwongolere mbiri yawo pomwe akufufuza kontinenti kufunafuna wokondedwa wawo.

Zinthu izi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti ziwonetsere chidwi cha omvera. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani zimagwira ntchito ngati kudzoza kwa kuwombera kopanga komanso ma angles a kamera kwa otsogolera. Pokhala ndi zowonera zambiri zosiyana zotengedwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumagulu ankhani, owonera mwachibadwa amawona zithunzi zowoneka bwino akawonera kanema kapena pulogalamu yapa TV - mphindi ngati. Nkhondo ya Han Solo yolimbana ndi Greedo or Kuwulura kwakukulu kwa Darth Vader kumapeto kwa "Star Wars IV: Chiyembekezo Chatsopano." Nthawi ngati izi zimakhalabe m'maganizo mwathu titatha kuziwona chifukwa zimamangiriridwa kumalingaliro amphamvu ofotokozera omwe amamveka mwa ife popanda ife kuzindikira.

Omwe akufuna kupanga mafilimu akuyenera kusinkhasinkha momwe angaphatikizire njirazi m'ntchito zawo popanga zithunzi zosaiŵalika pokonzekera mtsogolo pojambula zithunzi ndi mindandanda yazowomberedwa pasadakhale - zomwe zimabweretsa ntchito yozama yomwe imapangitsa anthu kukhala otanganidwa & kukhala otanganidwa mpaka nthawi yomaliza. chimango!

Kupanga Kulumikizana Mwamalingaliro ndi Omvera

Kulankhulana nthawi zonse yakhala yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu, chifukwa ndizomwe zimagwirizanitsa omvera ndi filimuyo. Kupyolera mu nthano, titha kupanga anthu omwe amalumikizana ndi mitima ndi malingaliro a owonera ndikuwapangitsa kumva kuti ali ndi chidwi m'nkhaniyi.

Kusimba nthano kumatithandizanso kuti tizitha kunena uthenga wokulirapo kuposa kungofotokoza zenizeni - ndi za kupanga nkhani yopatsa chidwi ndi nkhani yabwino. Potilola kufufuza mitu yovuta m'njira zokopa, kufotokoza nkhani kumatipatsa chida champhamvu chotumizira uthenga wathu kapena kulimbikitsa omvera athu.

Kufotokozera nkhani sikumangothandiza kukokera anthu mufilimu yanu, komanso kumathandizira kupereka tanthauzo ku chochitika chilichonse kuti chiziyenda mwachibadwa kuchokera mphindi imodzi kupita ina. Izi zimatipangitsa ife monga opanga mafilimu kupanga ulendo wathunthu wamalingaliro womwe umalumikizana ndi owonera athu pamagulu angapo - samangowonera filimuyo koma. dziwani izo. Pamapeto pake, kudzera munkhani yopanga mafilimu titha kupanga kulumikizana ndi omvera athu popereka nkhani ndi kutengeka kwenikweni ndi kuya.

Kukhazikitsa Makhalidwe ndi Kusamvana

Mafilimu ndi zojambulajambula zomwe zimabweretsa anthu otchulidwa ndi nkhani. Anthu amphamvu amafunikira nkhani yogwira mtima yomwe imawapatsa chinthu choti amenyere. Kuyambitsa mkangano ndi gawo lofunikira popanga zilembo zodalirika komanso zosinthika, koma sikophweka nthawi zonse.

Kufotokozera nkhani zabwino kumaphatikizapo kupanga mikhalidwe yomveka yomwe protagonist ayenera kuthana ndi mkangano wawo kuti apambane. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuyang'anizana ndi mantha awo, kukwaniritsa zolinga kapena kupanga zisankho zovuta, koma zilizonse zovuta, ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana komanso zopatsa chidwi kwa omvera. Njira zofotokozera nkhani monga machitidwe a flashback, kukambirana kwa voiceover ndi ma montage Zitha kukuthandizani kuwunikira nthawi zofunika kwambiri zakukula kwa chikhalidwe kapena kusamvana popanda kuwonekera kapena kudodometsa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zambiri monga nkhani zakumbuyo ndi anecdotes Zingathandizenso kuwonetsa omvera kuti anthu otchulidwawa alipodi popereka chidziwitso chakuya pazochitika zawo zakale kapena zolimbikitsa. Kupanga zinthu izi kumafuna kuganiza mozama komanso kuganizira mozama kuti nkhani yanu imveke bwino m'njira yomveka bwino komanso yofotokozera. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira osapereka zambiri posachedwa - sungani omvera anu kuti afune zambiri kwinaku mukuwapatsa nthawi yokwanira yoti agwiritse ntchito zomwe zikuchitika pazenera!

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri Pakusimba Nkhani

Kulankhulana ndi gawo lofunikira popanga filimu, lomwe limapereka dongosolo ndi zochitika zomwe zimawonekera pazenera. Nkhaniyi ndi msana wa filimuyo ndipo kupambana kwake kumadalira zinthu ziwiri zofunika: kapangidwe ndi okhutira.

Kapangidwe kameneka ndi njira yomwe zidziwitso, otchulidwa ndi zochitika zimapangidwira. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kachitidwe kachitidwe ndipo ili ndi zigawo zisanu zofunika: the Malonje, kukwera kachitidwe, pachimake, kugwa ndi chisankho. Chilichonse chimathandiza kuyambitsa mikangano kapena kusamvana pakati pa otchulidwa kapena m'malo omwe amakhala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nkhani ipitirire m'nkhani yake.

Zomwe zili mkati ndizomwe zimadzaza chimangochi - chimaphatikizapo otchulidwa, mitu, malingaliro komanso zokambirana. Momwe zinthuzi zimayenderana zidzakhudza momwe wowonera amawonera nkhani yomwe ikunenedwa; zonse ziyenera kuganiziridwa popanga script ya kanema. Kuphatikiza pakupereka ma arcs owombola kapena maphunziro amakhalidwe abwino m'mafilimu azopeka, zomwe zili mufilimu ziyeneranso kukhala zolondola pochita ndi nkhani zopeka. polojekiti; apa nkhani zowona zimanenedwa kudzera m'mafunso operekedwa ndi omwe akutenga nawo mbali mwachindunji kusiyana ndi nkhani zopeka.

Pantchito iliyonse yamakanema ndikofunikira kuti zonse zomwe zidapangidwa komanso zomwe zili mkati zigwire ntchito limodzi kuti zitheke; popanda chilichonse, nkhaniyo ingakhale yopanda kuzama kapena kulephera kupereka chithunzi cholondola cha nkhani yake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kufotokoza nkhani kumapereka gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu - zikachita bwino zitha kuthandiza kusintha zithunzi zowoneka ngati zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimasangalatsa owonera komanso kuwapatsa chidziwitso njira zatsopano.

Mphamvu Yofotokozera Nkhani

Kulankhulana Ndi mmodzi wa zida zamphamvu kwambiri muzaluso zamakanema. Kudzera mu nthano, wopanga mafilimu amatha kukopa chidwi, kukopa owonera, ndikuwatengera kudziko lina. Mphamvu yofotokozera nthano ili m'mene imalumikizira owonera ndi anthu otchulidwa komanso ulendo wawo.

M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza zomwe kufotokoza ndi nkhani mu kupanga mafilimu ndi chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kwambiri:

Kulumikizana ndi Omvera

Kulumikizana ndi omvera kudzera munkhani ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe opanga mafilimu amagwiritsa ntchito nthano popanga filimu. Kupyolera mu kufotokoza nkhani, opanga mafilimu amatha kukokera owonera mu nkhani ndi kuwathandiza kugwirizana kwenikweni ndi otchulidwa ake ndi zovuta zawo. Wokamba nkhani wabwino amatha kupangitsa omvera kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri pazomwe akuwonera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti omvera asayang'ane kwina ndikupangitsa kuti atengeke ndi otchulidwa kapena ma arcs ena.

Chotsatira chake, kupyolera mu mphamvu ya nthano kumabwera lingaliro lachiyanjano chenicheni ndi wokonda mafilimu, komanso zinthu zomwe zimaphatikiza malingaliro akuluakulu omwe amaposa zomwe zikuchitika pazithunzi.

Kufotokozera nkhani kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito onjezerani kutengeka mtima, chifukwa zimathandiza owonerera kuyembekezera zomwe zingachitike muzithunzi zomwe zikubwera komanso kufufuza zinthu zovuta kwambiri monga mayendedwe a anthu m'magulu kapena zochitika zina zokhudzana ndi zilembo zingapo. Kulumikizana kokhudza mtima kumeneku komwe kumapangidwa ndi nthano zogwira mtima kumapangitsa kuti omvera azichita osati panthawi ya filimu yokha komanso pambuyo pa mbiri, zomwe zimathandiza opanga mafilimu kugawana nkhani za mutu uliwonse pansi pamtundu uliwonse wamalingaliro.

Ziribe kanthu momwe chiwembu cha kanema chingakhale chosadziwikiratu kapena chosokoneza, kuyankha kwathu nthawi zambiri kumatsimikiziridwa ndi njira iyi yolumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi ndi zokambirana. Kuphatikiza pa kumveketsa tanthauzo la chochitikacho, imakhazikitsanso malingaliro omwe amathandizira kuti zokumana nazo zikhale zazikulu kapena zomvetsa chisoni—zonsezo chifukwa cha mphamvu ya wosimba nthano pamalingaliro a omvera.

Kutenga Chidwi

Kulankhulana ndi chida champhamvu chothandizira opanga mafilimu kuti akope chidwi cha omvera ndi kudzutsa malingaliro. Nkhani zimathandiza owonerera kumvetsetsa ndi kumva chisoni ndi otchulidwa, kufotokoza nkhani zatanthauzo, ndi kupanga mgwirizano wamaganizo ndi wokamba nkhani. Kufotokozera bwino kumakhala ndi mphamvu zopanga omvera kumva chinachake - kaya ndi chisangalalo, zowawa, chisoni, kapena zodabwitsa - ndikusintha anthu powaphunzitsa maphunziro ofunikira. Kudzera m'njira zomveka bwino zofotokozera nkhani monga otchulidwa, zokambirana, makanema apakanema, mikangano ndi kuthetsa - mwa zida zina - opanga mafilimu amatha kusangalatsa malingaliro a omvera awo pobweretsa nkhani yapadera pakompyuta.

Kutenga Chidwi
Chofunikira kwambiri pakusimba nkhani ndikupanga kutsegulira kolimba komwe kungakope owonera nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimachitika pokopa chidwi cha omvera anu kudzera m'mawonekedwe kapena mamvekedwe a mawu - kuwalola kuti akopeke padziko lapansi kudzera m'maso a wopanga mafilimu. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zoseketsa za kakulidwe kamunthu zimatha kupangitsa owonera anu kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zomwe zili mtsogolo paulendo wa nkhani yanu. Ambiri opanga mafilimu nthawi zambiri amapanga nkhani zawo pogwiritsa ntchito a Joseph Campbell ulendo wa ngwazi chimango chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zapadera mkati mwachilengedwe zomwe zimatha kukulitsa chidwi chaowonera. Komanso kuyambitsa mavuto kudzera montages kapena mantha amawulula imatha kusunga owonera m'mphepete mwa filimu yonse - kuwasiya akupempha zambiri ikakwana nthawi yotseka.

Kupanga Zotsatira Zokhalitsa

Kulankhulana ndi chimodzi mwa zida zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe opanga mafilimu amagwiritsa ntchito polankhulana malingaliro, kudzutsa malingaliro, ndi kupanga zowoneka zokhalitsa m'maganizo a owonera. Kusimba nthano zabwino kutha kukhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zolemba, masewero, nthabwala, mafilimu owopsa, nyimbo ndi makanema ojambula. Sewero la kanema lili ndi ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko ya filimu yomwe wopanga mafilimu akufuna kunena.

Ikachitidwa bwino, kusimba nthano kogwira mtima kumathandizira opanga mafilimu kutengera malingaliro a omvera mozama. Zimawathandiza kupanga ma arcs ofotokozera ndi zithunzi zaluso zomwe zimadzutsa malingaliro amphamvu mwa anthu omwe amaziwona. Kupyolera mu luso lofotokozera nkhani monga kukambirana, chitukuko cha khalidwe ndi zotsatira zowoneka, opanga mafilimu amatha kutengera owonera kumayiko ongopeka odalirika okhala ndi nthano zosangalatsa zomwe zimasanthula mitu yamunthu kapena zochitika zamakono.

Kufotokozera nkhani kumathandizanso kwa opanga mafilimu omwe akufuna kukopa chidwi cha omvera kapena kuwonjezera kuwonera kwa makanema awo. Popereka nkhani zopatsa chidwi zokhala ndi anthu okopa komanso nkhani zochititsa chidwi zimakopa owonera ambiri omwe ali okonzeka kuyika ndalama zawo mokhudzidwa pamapulojekiti awo. Pamapeto pake popanga bwino zomwe zikuyenda bwino kudzera mwa opanga mafilimu okonda nthano kumapanga mwayi wochita bwino pazachuma malinga ndi kugunda kwa box office kapena kutsatsa kwapa media media.

Kutsiliza

Nkhani ndiye msana wa filimu iliyonse ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu. Umu ndi momwe omvera amalumikizirana ndi filimuyo, otchulidwa ake, ndikuwathandiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zomwe akuchita komanso momwe amamvera. Nkhani imakhala ngati kalozera kwa owonera, kuwalola kuyang'ana zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri ndikuwona ulendo womwe chiwonetsero chilichonse chimabweretsa.

Takambirana chilichonse chokhudza nkhani yopanga mafilimu. Kuchokera ndi chiyani ku chifukwa chake kuli kofunika, takambirana mfundo zake zofunika kwambiri. Nkhani yopatsa chidwi ipereka chidziwitso chozama kwa omvera anu ndikupanga kukumbukira kosatha komwe kumapangitsa aliyense kulankhula ngakhale filimuyo itatha.

Pamapeto pake, mukamalemba nkhani ya kanema iyenera kukhala yopanga nkhani yomwe imakopa owonera kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto. Nkhani yabwino iyenera kukhala ndi zolinga zomveka bwino ndikukhala ndi protagonist yemwe ali ndi zovuta zomwe zingatheke - zonsezi zimatsogolera ku mapeto okhutiritsa maganizo kapena zopindulitsa panthawi ina paulendo wawo. Kuganizira mozama pakupanga kwanu nkhani angatanthauze kusiyana pakati pa kupambana ndi kulephera kupanga mafilimu.

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.