Ilensi eyiNkulumbuso: Yintoni kwaye uyisebenzise nini

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 28, 2022

Ilensi yokuqala, ekwaziwa nje ngokuba yiprime, ngu a ilensi yekhamera enobude obugxininisiweyo obunye kuphela.

Ngokuchasene ne-zoom lens-enobude obuguquguqukayo bokugxila kunye noluhlu lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo phakathi-i-prime lens inika ukucaca okuphezulu, amandla okuqokelela ukukhanya, ukugqwesa okuncinci kunye nokulawula ukuphazamisa, imifanekiso ebukhali, kunye nokukhulu. ubunzulu bendimi kunomlinganiso wayo wokwandisa.

Icala elisezantsi kwiilensi eziphambili kukunqongophala kwazo kwizinto ezininzi; kufuneka uhambise eyakho ikhamera ukuze usondeze ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukuba ukhetha ukutshintsha ukwakheka okanye ubungakanani besihloko ukwakheka ngaphakathi kwesakhelo. Iilensi eziphambili zifanelekile kwiintlobo ezithile zokufota apho urhwebo olunjalo lunokwenziwa ngokuthanda umgangatho womfanekiso. Abafoti bendawo iya kusebenzisa rhoqo ii-engile ezibanzi ngomsebenzi wabo kuba bafuna intsimi ebanzi yembono enokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwamehlo okanye ukunqongophala kwemifanekiso ekhazimlayo. Abafoti bezilwanyana zasendle kwelinye icala bangakhetha ixesha elide telephoto primes ezivumela ukuba babambe izifundo ezikude ngeenkcukacha ezithe kratya.

Ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukwazi isifundo sakho xa usenza isigqibo sokuba ungayisebenzisi na okanye ungayisebenzisi i-prime lens; ukuba wenza umfanekiso oqingqiweyo okanye ufota jikelele olufuna ugxininiso oluchanekileyo kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso ophezulu ngoko ukukhetha omnye kunokuba luncedo kumfanekiso opheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo ukuba unezifundo ekuhambeni okanye ufuna ukuguquguquka okungakumbi ngoko ukukhetha ilensi yokusondeza kunokulungela iimfuno zakho.

Yintoni i-Prime Lens?

Ilensi yokuqala Yilensi egxininisiweyo yobude obuzinzileyo engenazo zoom. Iilensi eziphambili zihlala zincinci, zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zibukhali kunezazo zoom, kwaye zivelisa imifanekiso ebukhali ngenxa yemifanekiso yazo. uyilo olulula.

Iilensi eziphambili lukhetho oluhle kakhulu kubafoti abafuna ukufota imifanekiso edlamkileyo ngobunzulu bentsimi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeelensi eziphambili, ixesha lokuzisebenzisa, kunye ne izibonelelo ababonelela ngazo:

Izibonelelo zeeLensi zeNkulumbuso

Iilensi eziphambili zixabiswa ngabafoti ngenxa yokuba banikezela ngomgangatho ophezulu womfanekiso kwaye bavumela ulawulo olukhulu kwisiphumo semifanekiso. Ngokuqhelekileyo banayo a ubuninzi obukhulu ukuthambisa kunezoom ezithelekisekayo, ukubanika amandla okuqokelela ukukhanya kunye nokuvumela isantya esikhawulezayo sokuvala isivalo kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Ezi lens nazo zithande ukuba ngaphezulu icwecwe kwaye ayisindi kunabalingane babo bokusondeza, okwenza kube lula ukuthwala nokuphatha. Ngaphaya koko, ubude bogxininiso babo obuzinzileyo bukunyanzela ukuba uqambe izithonga ngokuyilayo njengoko ungenako ukhetho lokusondeza okanye ukulungelelanisa imbono yakho ngobude bokugxila obahlukeneyo.

Olu ludibaniso lweempawu lwenza iilensi eziphambili zifaneleke ngakumbi umfanekiso kunye nokufota okuphantsi njengo i-close-ups okanye i-macro shots ifuna ubunzulu obugqithisileyo bebala. Iilensi eziphambili zihlala zithathwa njenge eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthatha imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu. Abafoti abasebenzisa iiprimiyamu banokuzuza ngokuba nobude obuninzi obahlukeneyo obufumanekayo kwiimeko ezithile zokufota, ukuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nobuchule xa kufika ixesha lokufota.

Ukungaphumeleli kweeLensi zePrime

Iilensi eziziiprime zinokuba lutyalo-mali oluxabisa kakhulu njengoko zisusela kwiimodeli zokuqalisa ngexabiso eliphakathi ukuya kwiilensi zobungcali ezixabisa kakhulu. Ukongeza, baqhele ukuba neendawo ezicothayo eziphezulu ezinokunciphisa amandla okudubula okuphantsi. Okokugqibela, iilensi eziphambili zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okulinganiselweyo malunga nokhetho lobude obugxininisiweyo, njengoko kungekho msebenzi wokusondeza okanye ukwahluka ngaphakathi kwilensi ngokwayo.

Nangona kunjalo, zikho iingenelo ezinokuthi zenze ezi ngxaki. Iilensi eziziintloko zihlala zibonakala ububukhali obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwe-optical ngenxa yoyilo oluzinzileyo kunye nezinto ezimbalwa ezisetyenzisiweyo kulwakhiwo. Bakwathanda ukunika ukuchaneka kombala okuphuculweyo, ukuphambuka okuncinci kwechromatic, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwe-autofocus, kunye nomgangatho wokwakha omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa neelensi zoom zoluhlu lwamaxabiso afanayo. Ukongeza, iilensi eziphambili zihlala zibonakala ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi okuphezulu ngenxa yeendawo ezibanzi ezibanzi kwaye zihlala zigqwetheka kancinci kunezo zoom - zibenza babe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokufota kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba apho iinkcukacha ezintle kufuneka zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa nini i-Prime Lens

Ilensi yokuqala yilensi enobude obugxininisiweyo obusisigxina, okuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukusondeza okanye ukusondeza ngaphandle. Iilensi eziphambili zilungile kubafoti abafuna ukuthatha iifoto ezibukhali, ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye bathathe ithuba indawo ebanzi kunye nokusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi.

Kodwa kufuneka usebenzise nini i-lens yokuqala? Apha, siza kugubungela i Amaxesha angcono okusebenzisa ilensi yokuqala, ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwifoto yakho.

UkuFota okuKhanyayo okuphantsi

Benzisa i ilensi yokuqala xa ukudubula ekukhanyeni okuphantsi lukhetho olukhulu. Iilensi eziziiprime zingabiza, kodwa zinengxolo encinci kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuleka kwazo okukhulu kunye nezinto ezimbalwa zelensi ezithetha imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu kwisethingi esezantsi ye-ISO. Iilensi eziziiprime zikwanazo nobunzulu bebala obungenzulwanga nto leyo enceda ukwahlula isifundo ngasemva. Xa kudityaniswe nobukhulu bendawo yokuvula ebanzi, iilensi eziphambili zinokugqibelela ukubamba imifanekiso eqaqambileyo kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi ngaphandle kokunyusa amanqanaba e-ISO kakhulu.

I-drawback ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba iilensi eziphambili zi ubude bogxininiso obuzinzileyo Ngoko ke awukwazi ukusondeza ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle njengoko unako ngelensi yokusondeza - kuya kufuneka usondele ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ube kude kumxholo wakho. Oku kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba ufota kwindawo ekufutshane okanye xa ufota ulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo kuba ulawulo lwembono oluchanekileyo luyafuneka kwiziphumo ezinqwenelekayo.

Kodwa ukuba awunangxaki nokuswela amandla okutshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kobude obuninzi obahlukeneyo kwaye ufuna imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu enamandla okuqokelela ukukhanya- iilensi eziphambili ziwufanelekele umsebenzi.

Ukufota ngemifanekiso

Imifanekiso yokufota ifuna ugxininiso oluphezulu kufiphalo olungasemva olwaziwa njenge "bokeh". Esi siphumo sinokufezekiswa nge iilensi eziphambili njengoko zinemingxuma emikhulu, evumela ukukhanya okungakumbi ukuba kungene kwilensi kwaye kudalwe imifanekiso enobunzulu bebala. Olu hlobo lwelensi lukwabonelela ngobude obumiselweyo obunceda abafoti bomfanekiso bagcine imbono engaguqukiyo phakathi kokufota.

Xa kuthelekiswa a Lens zoom, ukunqongophala kwesakhono sokusondeza kunokubonakala kungumda, kodwa ukunqongophala kobuninzi kuthetha ukuba unokuguquguquka ngakumbi ekuqulunqweni kwakho kuba akuyi kufuneka wenze indawo yeglasi eyongezelelweyo kunye nendlu eyongeza ubunzima kwi-zooms. Ngobunzima obuncinci kunye nesambuku kwakhona kuza ukungcangcazela okuncinci, ke iishots zakho ziya kuba bukhali kunokuba usebenzisa i-zoom lens xa uthatha imifanekiso.

Iilensi eziphambili zikwazizixhobo ezikhulu zokufota umzobo njengoko zinceda kwimvelaphi emfiliba ngelixa zisenza imida emihle phakathi kwendawo ekugxilwe kuyo kunye ne-bokeh. Ukongeza, iilensi eziphambili zivelisa imifanekiso enomahluko omncinci okhethekileyo ngenxa yobukhali bazo kwiindawo ezivulekileyo. Ubungakanani kunye neempawu zokutywinwa kwemozulu yeminye imodeli zibenza zibe zikhetho ezifanelekileyo kwimifanekiso yangaphandle kwiimeko ezinzima ezinokufuna ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwizinto ezifana namanzi okanye uthuli.

Ukufota komhlaba

Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngokufota ngobume belizwe, bahlala becinga ngeelensi ezibanzi, kodwa kukho amaxesha apho kusetyenziswa i-lens. ilensi yokuqala lukhetho olulungileyo. Iilensi eziphambili ziilensi zobude obugxininisiweyo kwaye azisondezi njengelensi yokusondeza. Oku kuthetha ukuba abafoti kufuneka basuse imizimba yabo ukuba isondele okanye ikude kwizifundo zabo ukuze baqulunqe umfanekiso ngendlela abafuna ngayo. Ngelixa oku kusenokubonakala kungenangxaki ekuqaleni, iilensi eziphambili zineengenelo ezininzi ezizenza zibe luncedo ekufotweni komhlaba.

Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zeelensi eziphambili zokufota ngobume bomhlaba zezo ukugqwetheka okuphantsi kunye nemimiselo yokuvula indawo ebanzi. Ugqweso lwenzeka xa ilensi enobude obufutshane bokugxila isolula amanqaku kumfanekiso ngaphandle ukusuka embindini wayo, idala isiphumo esifana nelitye elingundoqo kwiifoto zoyilo. Iilensi eziziiNkulumbuso zinesetingi ezibanzi zokuvula, ezivumela ukuba zibambe ukukhanya okungaphezulu kunokulawulwa yi-zoom lens, okukhokelela kwimifanekiso ebukhali enengxolo encinci.

Olunye uphawu olubalaseleyo lweelensi eziphambili kukuba zithande ukukhaphukhaphu kakhulu kuneelensi zoom, zizenza zibe lula kwaye zikhululeke ngakumbi ukuzisebenzisa kwindalo ukukhangela imbonakalo yomhlaba entle. Zikwafikeleleka ngakumbi kunezooms, ke ukuba ufuna zombini ezi ndidi awuzukwaphula ibhanki uzithenge.

Ke ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba ufuna i-lens ebanzi-engile ukuze ubambe ii-vistas ezimangalisayo kunye namasimi atshayelayo ukuya kuthi ga apho linokubona iliso lakho; musa isaphulelo usebenzisa a ilensi yokuqala nokuba banikezela ngezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ngaphezulu kwe-zooms kwaye banokwenza zonke iintlobo zemifanekiso emangalisayo ukuba ibekho nakwindawo evalelweyo okanye iingoma ezixineneyo!

Street Street

Ukufota esitratweni yenye yezona ntlobo zidumileyo zokufota njengoko ivumela abafoti ukuba bathathe imifanekiso emangalisayo ngaphakathi kwendawo yasedolophini. Iilensi eziphambili zinika ithuba elikhethekileyo kubafoti njengoko bebonelela ngenkalo eyodwa yokujonga. Ngokusebenzisa iilensi eziphambili ezinomgangatho obanzi wokuvula, uyakwazi ukwenza iziphumo ezimangalisayo ze-bokeh kwaye ukhanyise imiboniso emnyama kakhulu.

Olona khetho lulungileyo lokufota esitratweni yilensi ephambili enobude obugxininisiweyo obubanzi obuthatha izinto ezininzi kwisakhelo. I-engile ebanzi iya kukuvumela ukuba usondele kwizifundo zakho ngaphandle kokubuyela umva kakhulu-ilungele ukufota esitratweni ngezifundo ezincinci okanye iingoma ezixineneyo. Owona mngxunya uphezulu kufuneka unike ubunzulu obunzulu bebala, ukuvumela ukuba wahlule isifundo sakho kwimvelaphi yaso naxa usondezelwe ngaphandle kunesiqhelo - oku kukhokelela kukudubula okugxininise kakhulu kumxholo wakho ophambili kwaye konyusa impembelelo yokubonwayo.

Eminye imizekelo yeelensi eziphambili ezifanelekileyo kwisitrato sokudubula kufuneka ibandakanye:

• Iilensi ezingama-35mm f / 2 -Inkulu ukubamba izifundo ezikufutshane nezikude kwiindawo ezixineneyo kunye neendlela ezimxinwa
• Iilensi ezingama-50mm f / 1.4 -ilungele ukubamba abantu abaphakathi kuluhlu
• Iilensi ezingama-85mm f / 1,8 - ilungele ezo foto zoluhlu olude xa ukukhanya okukhoyo kusezantsi, njengokutshona kwelanga

isiphelo

Ukushwankathela, iilensi eziphambili lukhetho oluhle kakhulu lwabafoti abafuna ukuthatha imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu kwaye banobunewunewu bokukwazi ukusebenza ngelensi enye. Iilensi eziphambili zinokuvelisa iziphumo ezibukhali kwaye zisetyenziselwe ukufota ukukhanya okuphantsi ngaphandle kokujika kumanani aphezulu e-ISO okanye ubuchule obuntsonkothileyo bokugxila. Zikwalungele imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye nokufota esitratweni njengoko zibonelela ngobunzulu bomhlaba obumxinwa. Iingcali ezininzi kunye nabafoti bokuyila bakwasebenzisa iilensi eziphambili kuba zibavumela ukuba bazame kwaye benze imifanekiso eyodwa engenakufezekiswa ngeelensi zokusondeza.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuqonda indlela iilensi eziphambili ezisebenza ngayo kuya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali:

• Iziphumo ezibukhali
• Ukufota okuphantsi
• Ilungele imbonakalo-mhlaba kunye neefoto zesitrato
• Ivumela uvavanyo kunye nemifanekiso ekhethekileyo

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.