ILens yeTelephoto: Yintoni kwaye uyisebenzise nini

ngo kim Ukuhlaziywa: Juni 28, 2022

I-telephoto lens luhlobo lwelensi yefoto esebenza ngokubonelela ngokukhulisa okukhulu kunye nebala elimxinwa lokujonga kunelensi eqhelekileyo.

Oku kunokuba luncedo ukufota izinto ezikude ngaphandle kokusondela ngokwasemzimbeni.

Isenokusetyenziswa ukuthatha imizobo okanye imizobo yembonakalo-mhlaba ngobunzulu obubanzi bebala kunye nesihloko esigxile kabukhali, ngelixa sivumela ukufiphala kwemvelaphi ethile.

Olona setyenziso luxhaphakileyo lwelensi ye-telephoto lukwi-portraiture, njengoko umbono ocinezelweyo unceda ukuzisa zonke iinkalo zobuso bomntu, intloko kunye namagxa kujoliso olukholisayo. Ubunzulu bomhlaba obungekho nzulu owenziwe zezi iilensi ikwanceda ukwahlula isifundo kwesinye isakhelo, esivelisa iziphumo ezimangalisayo nakwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeelensi zocingo ezifumanekayo, ezinje ngobude obugxininisekileyo okanye uluhlu, kunye nezooms ezinamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufikelela akuvumela ukuba usondele kodwa ucace gca ngombandela wakho.

Iilensi zeTelephoto zikwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukufota izilwanyana zasendle kunye nokufota kwezemidlalo, apho i-autofocus ekhawulezayo kunye nesakhono esihle sokuzinzisa umfanekiso siyanqweneleka kuba zivumela abafoti ukuba bafote intshukumo bekude. Olunye usebenziso lubandakanya ukufota ngobume bendawo apho umgama, umphambili kunye nesibhakabhaka zidibana kunye ngokwemibono ebalaseleyo; ukufota kwefashoni kunye nokunqunyulwa kwayo okuqinileyo; kunye nokufota ngokwakha apho ii-engile ezibanzi zingayi kwenza ubulungisa kwizakhiwo ezikhulu okanye iindlela ezidutyulelwe kude.

Yintoni iTelephoto Lens?

I-telephoto lens yilensi yefoto enobude obude bokujolisa kunye nebala elimxinwa lokujonga. Isetyenziselwa ukukhulisa kunye nokucinezela umgama, ikuvumela ukuba uthathe imifanekiso yezinto ezikude. Iilensi zeTelephoto ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizilwanyana zasendle, ezemidlalo kunye nokunye ukufota apho umfoti kufuneka abe kude nesihloko sabo. Makhe sijonge kwiinkcukacha zeelensi ze-telephoto kwaye siqonde ukuba zingasetyenziselwa nini ukufota ngcono.

Izinto ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa iLens yeTelephoto

I-telephoto lens sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokubamba izifundo zikude, kwaye inokuba ngumahluko phakathi kwefoto eqhelekileyo kunye nento ekhumbulekayo ngokwenene. Iilensi zeTelephoto zinobude obude bokujolisa kuneelensi zekhamera eziqhelekileyo, ezivumela abafoti ukuba benze iifoti zezifundo zabo ngaphandle kokusondela kakhulu ngokwasemzimbeni. Xa zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, zinamandla okucinezela izinto ezibonwayo emfanekisweni, zisenza kubonakale ngathi yonke into isondelelene, yaye zitsalela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha zezinto ezikude.

Inzuzo yokuqala enkulu yokusebenzisa ilensi ye-telephoto kukwandisa ukwanda; nabani na oqhelene ne-zooms uya kwazi ukuba zibukeka ngcono kangakanani izithonga zakho xa ukwazi ukwandisa ubungakanani besifundo sakho. Ukongeza, ubunzulu obandisiweyo bentsimi buvumela ulawulo olukhulu loyilo kunye nobumnyama obungasemva, kunye nezantya ezisezantsi ze-shutter zinokwenzeka ekusebenzeni okukhulu kokukhanya okuphantsi. Ukongeza kwezi zibonelelo, iilensi ze-telephoto zikwabonisa ii-optics eziphambili ezibonelela ngokubukhali okuphuculweyo kunye nokucaca ngaphezulu koogxa babo bemveli. Iikhamera ze-Telephoto zikwabonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwi-glare ngenxa yezakhono zabo eziphezulu zokulawula ukukhanya. Ekugqibeleni, banikezela ngee-cinematographers kunye nabafoti ngokufanayo inkululeko engakumbi ngokumalunga nee-angles xa ukudubula iividiyo okanye ukumisa kwiindawo eziqinileyo; uya kufumanisa ukuba ii-telephotos ziboleka ngakumbi xa zidubula izilwanyana zasendle okanye imisitho yezemidlalo apho intshukumo ngaphakathi kwesakhelo ifuna uluhlu olude lokujolisa.

Isetyenziswa nini iLens yeTelephoto

Iilensi zeTelephoto zilungile ekubambeni imifanekiso eneenkcukacha umgama. Zifanelekile kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye neentaka zokufota kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukudubula kwezemidlalo okanye iifoto zokuhlela. Ziyagqwesa ekudaleni ubunzulu bentsimi kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngokudityaniswa nelensi ebanzi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha iingenelo zokusebenzisa ilensi ye-telephoto kwaye leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuyisebenzisa.

Ukufota komhlaba

Ukufota ngobume bendawo, iilensi zetelephoto ziluncedo ekubambeni i-vista ngenye indlela ekungenakwenzeka ukuba ifike kumgama. Ukusebenzisa i-lens ende yobude kwiimeko ezinjalo kunokudala umfanekiso (odla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngabafoti "njengokucinezela") okhangeleka ngathi ukufutshane ngokwaneleyo ukuba uchukumise izinto ezikumfanekiso. Esi siphumo siphuculwa xa kufotwa imbonakalo-mhlaba enkulu kunye nemiboniso yepanoramic, okanye ukufota imifanekiso yeendawo ezixineneyo nezivaliweyo, apho unokuthatha ithuba lokubumbana kwelensi.

Ewe kunjalo, esi siphumo sicinezelekileyo siza nomngcipheko: kuba buncinci ubunzulu bebala- umgama phakathi kwezinto ezibonakala zibukhali - ukukhetha iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunokuba ngumngeni. Njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lokufota, ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokufunda ukuzisebenzisa kubalulekile kumsebenzi wobume bendawo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqhelana nemathiriyeli yesifundo kuba ubudlelwane bendawo butshintsha kakhulu xa usebenzisa iilensi ezinde kunokuba beziya kwenza xa usebenzisa ii-engile ezibanzi. Ngokuqonda ukuba ezi lensi zisebenza njani, uya kuba nakho ukuphonononga izinto ezinokwenzeka zokuqamba ongenakukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwazo.

Ukufota kwezilwanyana zasendle

I-telephoto lens sisixhobo esiluncedo sokufota izilwanyana zasendle, njengoko inokusetyenziselwa ukuzisa izifundo ezikude ukuzalisa isakhelo. Ubude bokujongwa okude bukuvumela ukuba uhlukanise isihloko sakho kwaye ucinezele imvelaphi, okukhokelela kwimifanekiso egudileyo etsalela ingqalelo kwiimpawu zayo. Ukufumana owona mfanekiso ucacileyo, khangela iilensi ezinokunciphisa ukungcangcazela (VR) itekhnoloji yokunciphisa ukufiphala kwentshukumo kunye nokwandisa ukubukhali. Ukudubula izilwanyana zasendle nge-telephoto lens kukuvumela ukuba ugcine umgama osempilweni phakathi kwakho nesifundo sakho. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa ufota izilwanyana ezinokuba yingozi ezifana neebhere okanye iikati! Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, unokukhetha kwiilensi eziphambili (ezingezo-zoom) okanye iilensi zokusondeza. Ilensi ephambili ikunika isixa esinomtsalane samandla okuqokelela ukukhanya kwiphakheji encinci. Ukuba ukuphatheka yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, oku kunokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kuwe. Iilensi zokusondeza zibonelela ngokuguquguquka ngakumbi kodwa zihlala ziza nomgangatho ophantsi kancinane we-optics kunye nobungakanani obongeziweyo ngenxa yendlela yokusondeza ngaphakathi.

Ukufota kwezemidlalo

Iilensi zeTelephoto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimidlalo yokufota ngenxa yokukwazi ukusondeza izifundo ezikude. Iilensi zeTelephoto zinobude obude bokujolisa, okuthetha ukuba zinokusondeza kwimifanekiso ekude ngaphandle kokuvelisa inani elibalulekileyo lokugqwethwa komfanekiso.

Umzekelo, iilensi ze-telephoto zingasetyenziselwa ukubamba ubuso babadlali kwibala lebhola ukusuka kwindawo echaseneyo okanye imbaleki eyenza umlo onzima kwibala elikhulu. Kwezi meko, akunakusebenza ukusebenzisa iilensi ezimfutshane kuba azinakukwazi ukubonelela ngamandla okukhulisa ngokwaneleyo kwisiphumo esifunekayo.

Iilensi zeTelephoto zikwasetyenziselwa ukubamba izithonga zentshukumo kunye nokudala imizobo emangalisayo yeembaleki kwizinto zazo. Ngelixa iilensi ezimfutshane ziya kuvelisa iziphumo ezigqwethekileyo xa abantu behamba ngokukhawuleza, imifanekiso ye-telephoto-lens ihlala icocekile kwaye icacile nokuba isifundo sihamba ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.

Imisebenzi yangaphandle efana nokutyibiliza ekhephini kunye ne-snowboarding ibonelela ngamathuba awodwa kwiingcali ezidubula ngeekhamera ze-telephoto-focus lens. Ilensi ye-telephoto ivumela abafoti ukuba babambe iifoto ezinomdla ngelixa bemi ngokukhuselekileyo kude neendawo ezinokuba yingozi okanye amabala ezemidlalo anempembelelo enkulu.

Ekugqibeleni, nawuphi na umfoti ojonge ukuthatha iifoto zezemidlalo ezothusayo kufuneka athathele ingqalelo ukongeza ilensi ye-telephoto kwindawo yakhe yezixhobo – kulufanele utyalo-mali!

Ukufota ngemifanekiso

Ukufota ngefoto lolona setyenziso lubalaseleyo lwelensi yefowuni. Njengoko unokulindela, olona ncedo luphambili lweelensi zetelephoto kwifoto yefoto kukuba zinokukunceda wenze imifanekiso ecekeceke ngokukuvumela ukuba ubambe izifundo ukude. Xa udubula imizobo ekufutshane, kunokuba nzima ukuzalisa isakhelo kuba ubuso bunokuba bukhulu kakhulu xa budutyulwe nge-lens ebanzi. Ngeelensi ze-telephoto, abafoti banokusondeza kwaye bafiphaze ngasemva, nto leyo enceda ukudala umoya osondeleyo. Ukongeza, ezi lens zikholisa ukuvelisa imifanekiso egudileyo ye-bokeh elungele ukufotwa komzobo njengoko inika iifoto ubunzulu kunye nobukhulu. Iilensi zeTelephoto zikwabonelela ngomgangatho obukhali womfanekiso xa kuthelekiswa neenguqulelo ezibanzi, zizenza zilungele ukubamba iinkcukacha ezintle ezinje ngenkangeleko yobuso bomntu-zikhupha iithowuni ezithambileyo zolusu kunye neempawu ezizodwa ezinje ngamabala okanye iidimples ngokucacileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ezi lens azifane zibe nokugqwetheka kuneengile ezibanzi; kungoko ukwenza imizobo ijongeke ngokwendalo kwaye ichanekile. Okokugqibela, ukuba nobude obuninzi bokujongwa kuvumela abafoti ukuba bahlukanise umxholo wabo kwindawo ebangqongileyo ngcono - ukwenza imifanekiso ebeka umxholo wakho ugxile ngelixa yonke enye into ibonakala imfiliba ngasemva.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, ilensi ye-telephoto sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu kumfoti. Ukusebenzisa i-telephoto lens kunokukunceda ukuba ubambe imiboniso emangalisayo ukusuka kumgama omde, kwaye ikuvumela ukuba wenze imifanekiso emangalisayo ebingenakwenzeka. Ilensi ye-telephoto ikwabonelela ngenzuzo yokukwazi ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ngakumbi kunye nokucaca kunezinye iintlobo zeelensi. Xa uthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi ilensi omawuyithenge, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo isimbo sakho sokufota kunye nohlobo lweefoti ongathanda ukuzithatha ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ukhetha eyona ilungileyo kwiimfuno zakho.

Molo, ndinguKim, umama kunye nomthandi we-stop-motion onemvelaphi kwindalo yemidiya kunye nophuhliso lwewebhu. Ndinothando olukhulu lokuzoba kunye noopopayi, kwaye ngoku ndintywila kuqala kwihlabathi le-stop-motion. Ngebhlog yam, ndabelana nawe ngokufunda kwam.