Ifomethi Yesitsha Noma Isisonga: Isebenza Kanjani Ifomethi Yefayela Lokushintshana lango-1985

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: June 28, 2022

Ifomethi Yefayela Lokushintshana lango-1985 ifomethi yedatha esebenza njengesiqukathi noma isisonga sedatha. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha idatha. Ifomethi isebenzisa isakhiwo esikhethekile kanambambili ukuze sihlanganise idatha ngendlela engaguquki nelula ukuyisebenzisa.

Lesi sihloko sizodlula izici kanye nezingxenye eziyisisekelo we Shintshanisa Ifomethi Yefayela, futhi ngizochaza ukuthi isebenza kanjani.

Uhlolojikelele lwefomethi yefayela lokushintshana lango-1985

I-Interchange File Format yango-1985 (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-IFF85 noma i-IFF) iwuhlelo olusetshenziswa ukugcina kanye nokushintshisana ngolwazi kusiqukathi noma ifomethi yokugoqa. Yathuthukiswa yi-Electronic Arts ngo-1984 njengefomethi yefayela evamile evulekile yokugcinwa kwe-cross-platform kanye nokuxhumana kwedatha phakathi kwamakhompyutha.

I-IFF85 ingeye-Electronic Arts, kodwa isetshenziswa kakhulu futhi isekelwa abathengisi abaningi be-software. Injongo eyinhloko yephrothokholi ye-IFF85 iwukudlulisa idatha kanambambili phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamasistimu ekhompiyutha ukuze igcinwe noma isetshenziswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise. umbhalo, izinombolo, ihluzo nomsindo.

I-IFF85 isekela amanani kanambambili afika ku-32-bit kanye nokumelwa kweyunithi yezinhlamvu engu-ASCII yenani ngalinye. Ifomethi iphinde isekele ukulandelana kwento evumela ukuthi idatha engaphakathi kweziqukathi ithuthukiswe futhi ifakwe ezigabeni ezifana ukukhomba umbala, umbala okhethiwe kanye nokuhumusha okuyinhlanganisela. Ngaphezu kwaleli khono, i-IFF85 iphinde inikeze amandla okunamathisela amazwana kanye nedatha ngezinjongo zokulinganisa.

Isakhiwo sephrothokholi ye-IFF85 siyivumela ukuthi isetshenziselwe ezinye izinjongo ezifana nalezi imidiya yokusakaza noma isofthiwe yokuletha lapho izingxenye zithunyelwa khona ngokuhlukana ngoxhumano lwenethiwekhi esikhundleni sazo zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa kusetshenziswa indlela yokudlulisa ifayela eyodwa. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ulande isofthiwe enkulu izinhlelo noma amafayela emidiya uma kufanele adinge kuphela izingxenye zalokho okunikeziwe okuhlukaniswe ngamasegimenti amancane angathunyelwa ngokushesha okukhulu ngoxhumo oluningi ngesikhathi esisodwa kunokuba alinde kuze kube sekupheleni kwazo zonke izingxenye ngoxhumano olulodwa ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekupheleni umjikelezo wenqubo eyodwa yokulanda.

Ifomethi Yesitsha

Ifomethi Yesitsha, evame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi "CFF", isakhiwo sedatha esiyisisekelo sefomethi yefayela lokushintshisana. Le fomethi ihlinzeka ngohlaka lombhalo wekhodi kanye nokuqopha izinhlelo zefayela eziyinkimbinkimbi ukungena nokuphuma kufomethi eyodwa kanambambili. Ifomethi Yesiqukathi isebenza njengesonga sokuhlanganisa izici zedatha nezibaluli zazo ezihlotshaniswayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sedatha esiyinhlanganisela eyodwa.

Ake sihlole ukuthi le fomethi isebenza kanjani ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda kangcono amakhono we-1985 Interchange File Format.

Liyini Ifomethi Yesitsha?

Ifomethi yesiqukathi iqoqo lemithetho echaza indlela ifayela okufanele lihlelwe ngayo. Iphinde icacise ukuthi idatha kufanele ifakwe kanjani ikhodi nokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe zingasebenzisana kanjani nefayela. Yaqala ukwethulwa ngo-1985, njenge- I-Interchange File Format (IFF).

Umbono ngemuva kokusebenzisa le fomethi ukuthi ivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene zesofthiwe ukufunda izingxenye ezahlukene zefayela, ngisho noma ayengaklanyelwe ukufunda lawo mafomethi athile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuguqula amafayela ukusuka kwenye ifomethi ukuya kwenye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa noma yikuphi okuqukethwe.

Ifomethi yesiqukathi ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: imvilophu nokuqukethwe kwayo. Imvilophu iqukethe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nohlobo lwedatha equkethwe efayelini futhi ihlanganisa izinto ezifana nokuminyanisa ama-algorithms, ama-algorithms wokubethela, kanye nezicaciso zokudlala zamafayela emidiya njengomsindo noma ividiyo.

Zombili izici zigcinwa ngaphakathi kwezigaba ezaziwa ngokuthi iziqubu, ezifana neziqukathi ezingaphakathi kweziqukathi - ingxenye ngayinye inemvilophu yaso equkethe ulwazi oluqukethwe ngaphakathi kwayo. Ezinye izingcezu ezivamile ezitholakala kumafayela e-IFF zihlanganisa I-RIFF (izinsiza), UHLU (uhlu), i-PROP (izakhiwo), kanye ne-CAT (amakhathalogi). Lezi zingcezu zingahlelwa ngokulandelana ukuze zenze isakhiwo sesihlahla se-IFF esichaza izingcezu zolwazi lwereferensi oluhlotshaniswa nesigaxa ngasinye.

Uma okuqukethwe kanye nemvilophu kuchazwe ngesakhiwo sesihlahla se-IFF, izinhlelo zesofthiwe zingazisebenzisa ukuze zihumushe idatha ngendlela engaguquki kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza oluyidalile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale amadokhumenti ayinkimbinkimbi njengama-albhamu we-multimedia noma isizindalwazi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuhambisana okuphukile phakathi kwezinhlelo ezahlukene ezifana nabahleli bombhalo noma abadlali bemidiya.

Izinzuzo Zefomethi Yesitsha

Ifomethi yesiqukathi, obeye aziwe njengo I-IFF85 noma Ifomethi Yefayela Lokushintshana, iyindinganiso evulekile yokushintshisana nokugcinwa kwedatha digital amafayela. Yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa kumakhompuyutha omuntu siqu, kodwa manje isitholakala kumapulatifomu amaningi ahlukene kusukela kubalawuli bezimboni kuya ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe kuwebhu. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa lesi sakhiwo yilezi izakhiwo zedatha ezingaguquki kanye nekhono lokugcina izinhlobo eziningi zolwazi endaweni eyodwa.

I-IFF85 ifomethi yefayela enohlelo oluvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene ukwabelana nokushintshanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha. Inzuzo yalesi sakhiwo sohlelo ukuthi isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, okwenza ulwazi luqondeke kalula kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olukhiqizwe ngalo noma ukuthi luzosetshenziswa ngaluphi uhlelo. Ukwengeza, i-IFF85 inikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza amandla okugcina izinhlobo eziningi zedatha ngaphakathi kwefayela elifanayo—okuhlanganisa izintambo zombhalo, izinombolo kanambambili (zamanani ezinombolo), izimpawu zomsindo (zomsindo) nokunye. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukukhohlisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza olufanayo noma ukushintshanisa phakathi kwezinhlelo zesofthiwe ezihlukene ezidizayinelwe imisebenzi ehlukene noma izinkundla.

Ezinye izinzuzo ezihambisana ne-IFF85 zifaka:

• Izinga eliphezulu lokuthembeka njengoba lonke ulwazi luhlala lunjalo ngesikhathi sokudlulisela.
• Ukuhambisana namanye amafomethi okulondoloza.
• Amandla okunamathisela avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bengeze amadokhumenti njengezithombe nemidwebo.
• Isitembu senguqulo esivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balawule izibuyekezo.
• Ukuthola okuthembekile kusukela ekuphazamisekeni.
• Usekelo lwamadethi okudala/okulungiswa.
• Izici zokuphepha ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bavikele ngephasiwedi amafayela ashintshiwe.
• Umbhalo wekhodi wobude bokuqalisa onciphisa inani lesikhala esidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe idatha elandelanayo efana namafreyimu evidiyo noma amagama angavamile omsindo.
• Ukudlalwa kwejubane okuguquguqukayo kukhulisa ukunemba kokudlala kabusha ngokulungisa ukuphuma kwesignali ngokufanele.
• Ukuthembeka komsindo okuthuthukisiwe lapho kuthunyelwa inani elikhulu lamapharamitha enkulumo ahlotshaniswayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, kanye nezinzuzo eziningi ezengeziwe ezingenzeki ngamanye amafomethi.

Ifomethi ye-Wrapper

Ifomethi yesisonga uhlobo lohlobo Ifomethi Yesitsha eyethulwa ngo-1985. Yakhelwe i I-Interchange File Format (IFF) njengendlela yokugcina izinhlobo eziningi zedatha ngaphakathi kwefayela elilodwa. Ngokusonga idatha efayeleni elilodwa lokugoqa, kwenza kube lula kumakhompyutha ukuthi afunde futhi abelane ngedatha.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezisekelo zefomethi ye-wrapper nokuthi isebenza kanjani.

Liyini Ifomethi Ye-Wrapper?

A isiqukathi noma ifomethi yokugoqa ifomethi yefayela, ngokuvamile esekelwe kumazinga akhona, aqukethe uhlobo olulodwa noma eziningi ezihlukene zedatha kufayela elilodwa, eliqukethwe ngokwalo. Izibonelo zifaka amafayela esipredishithi aqukethe kokubili idatha kanye nekhodi yohlelo, izithombe ze-bitmap ezinombhalo oshumekwe kuzo namafayela omsindo anesichasiselo sombhalo.

Isibonelo esisodwa sefomethi ye-wrapper yi-1985 I-Interchange File Format (IFF). Yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa ngama-joystick kumakhompyutha we-Commodore, lokhu "Ifayela Lokushintshana Elifomethiwe” yasetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezihlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-multimedia ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokuthuthwa kwazo ezinkundleni eziningi ezahlukene.

I-IFF ihlukanisa ifayela ngalinye libe izingcezu ezingafundwa ngokuzimela kwelinye. Isiqephu siqukethe i Inombolo ye-ID, imininingwane yesayizi kanye nedatha yangempela egcinwe njengamabhayithi noma izinhlamvu ze-ASCII (noma zombili). Ingxenye ngayinye ye-IFF kufanele ibe nenombolo ye-ID kuyo ihlonze ngokukhethekile phakathi kweziqephu ezihlobene futhi ihlukanise kwezinye izinhlobo zezingxenye; kukhona omazisi abajwayelekile bezinkomba eziyinhloko (KAKHULU), okuhlola iluphu (I-CKro) kanye nezinhlu zeziqephu (LIST). I-ID ngayinye ikhomba uhlobo olulodwa lwengxenye ngaphakathi kwesistimu yefayela ye-IFF.

Amafayela e-IFF abuye asetshenziswe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zomsindo/ividiyo ngoba ayakwazi ukugcina izinhlobo eziningi zolwazi kuphakheji eyodwa efundeka kalula/ephathekayo ngaphandle kokudinga izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuwaqopha - okuhlanganisa amashidi wemiphumela yegeyimu yevidiyo, amafomethi wokumodela we-3D kanye umsebenzi wobuciko wedijithali.

Izinzuzo zefomethi ye-Wrapper

Ukusebenzisa a ifomethi ye-wrapper ukugcina ulwazi kuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zigcine idatha ngamafomethi amaningi ngaphakathi kwesistimu yefayela efanayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinoma yiziphi izici zomongo ebezingalahleka ngenxa yomehluko kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe noma izilimi. Ukugcinwa kwedatha, ukufinyeleleka, nokuphatheka konke kuyathuthukiswa kusetshenziswa ifomethi yokugoqa, okuyenza ibe yinketho ekhangayo yokushintshisana ngedatha phakathi kwamasistimu.

The 1985 I-Interchange File Format (IFF) uyisibonelo sefomethi yokugoqa. Lolu hlobo lwefomethi lusebenzisa isakhiwo esifana nemvilophu esinamathegi angamabhayithi ayisishiyagalombili achaza into ngayinye kufayela futhi achaze uhlobo lwayo. I-IFF nayo isebenzisa izakhiwo eziyizicucu (noma izingcezu) zokuhlela lezi zinto ngohlelo olunengqondo.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ifomethi ye-wrapper zifaka:

• Ukuhambisana kumasistimu ahlukene anezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe, nezilimi;
• Ukuphatheka;
• Ukuvumelana nezimo;
• Ukusekelwa okungcono kwezakhi ze-multimedia njengezithombe, amavidiyo, ukurekhodwa kwezwi nokugqwayiza;
• Ukuhambisana emuva;
• Inhlangano ethuthukisiwe ngokusebenzisa ama-chunk hierarchies;
• Ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe ngezindlela zokubethela ezifana neziginesha zedijithali namaphasiwedi;
• Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso ezifana Izinhlobo ze-MIME (Izandiso Zemeyili Ye-inthanethi ye-Multimedia)..

Ukusebenzisa ifomethi yokugoqa ukugcina ulwazi kuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zithole okwengeziwe kudatha yazo ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathole ngokushesha, bathole futhi baphathe amafayela abo ngaphandle ukulahlekelwa yinoma yiziphi izici zomongo ngenye indlela ilahleke ngenxa yokuhluka kwezilimi zohlelo lokusebenza noma izinguqulo zesofthiwe.

Ukuqhathanisa

I-Interchange File Format (IFF), yakhululwa ngo-1985 futhi iyindinganiso isiqukathi noma ifomethi yokugoqa esetshenziselwa ukugcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha yedijithali. I-IFF ifomethi yedatha eguquguqukayo esekelwa kabanzi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zekhompyutha nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoqhathanisa i-IFF nezinye amafomethi esiqukathi ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi isebenza kanjani.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Ifomethi Yesitsha

Ifomethi yesiqukathi efana nefomethi yefayela le-Interchange 1985 (IFF) isebenzisa indlela yokuhlela idatha ibe “iziqephu” ngayinye equkethe ulwazi oluhlobene. Nakuba lokhu kuwusizo ngezinjongo eziningi, inzuzo eyodwa enkulu yokusebenzisa IFF amandla ayo okwenza kube lula ukushintshana kwedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kumasistimu nezinkundla ezahlukene.

Uma usebenzisa ifomethi yesiqukathi njenge IFF, amafayela ahlukaniswa abe izingcezu futhi isiqephu ngasinye siqukethe unhlokweni oqukethe uhlobo nobude besiqephu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isicelo asidingi ukukhathazeka ngohlobo nosayizi wedatha esiyitholayo; idinga kuphela ukubheka unhlokweni ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwedatha ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zefayela kuphela ezidinga ukulayishwa noma ukudluliselwa ngoxhumo lwenethiwekhi nganoma isiphi isikhathi, IFF kusiza ukudluliswa kwefayela ngokushesha.

Iphinde inikeze izinzuzo ezimbalwa maqondana nokuhlelwa kwedatha, ukulawula ukufinyelela nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho:

• Inhlangano yedatha ngaphakathi kwe- IFF ingenziwa kalula njengoba izingcezu zingengezwa noma iyiphi indawo ngaphakathi kwefayela futhi izinkambu ezintsha zinganezelwa kalula kwezikhona.
• Ukulawula ukufinyelela kungenziwa ngokushiya izingxenye zefayela zingafundeki, kuyilapho ukuqinisekiswa kobuqotho kwenziwa kube lula ngamasheke afakwe kuzihloko ezihlotshaniswa neziqephu noma wonke amafayela ukuze kutholwe izinguquko zephutha noma amaphutha ngenxa yezinkinga zokudlulisela.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Ifomethi Ye-Wrapper

The ifomethi ye-wrapper inezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezulu kwe- ifomethi yesiqukathi, ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo lokusebenza oluthuthukiswayo ludinga amafayela amaningi kodwa amavolumu amancane edatha. Enye inzuzo ukuthi ifomethi ye-wrapper idinga izinsiza ezimbalwa kunefomethi yesiqukathi futhi ngenxa yalokho kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyigcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo se-wrapper sidala isakhiwo senhlangano yemvelo esihlukanisa amafayela ngamaqembu anengqondo. Isibonelo, kuphrojekthi yokugqwayiza ye-3-D, amamodeli edijithali ahlobene kanye nokuthungwa kungaqoqwa ngokunengqondo ngaphakathi kwefayela elilodwa kunokuba kugcinwe njengamadokhumenti ahlukene.

Enye inzuzo yokusebenzisa i-wrapper ukuthi yenza kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwamafayela amakhulu. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zihlukaniswe zibe izingcezu ezincane ukuze zidluliselwe lapho usebenza namaphrojekthi amakhulu kunethiwekhi noma kumasistimu wehadiwe anensayo lapho unhlokweni ojwayelekile nolwazi lwangaphansi lungaba nomthelela kuzivinini zokuphrosesa. Ukwengeza, ama-wrappers avumelana nezimo kakhulu njengoba ungakwazi ukwengeza noma ukususa idatha efayelini elikhona ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuqotho balo, okukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ifayela elifanayo ngezinjongo ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezihlukene.

Okokugcina, ama-wrappers ayakwazi ukugcina izinhlobo eziningi zedatha okuzenza zibe usizo ekuphatheni kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-multimedia njengezithombe nomculo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezona zemidiya ezifana nemibhalo yombhalo noma amaspredishithi.

Isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, i I-Interchange File Format (IFF) kusukela ngo-1985 ifomethi yefayela enemisebenzi eminingi, ethembekile nesebenziseka kalula yokushintshisana ngedatha. Inikeza indlela yokuthutha noma yiluphi uhlobo nosayizi wedatha, okuhlanganisa amafayela omsindo, izithombe eziyingcaca, umbhalo kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzisekayo.

I-IFF inikeza indlela yokugcina izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zedatha ngaphakathi kwamafayela 'wesitsha' esihleliwe noma 'we-wrapper'. Iphinde isekele ukufinyelela okungahleliwe okusebenzayo olwazini olugcinwe ngefomethi yesiqukathi.

I-IFF ivumela ingxenye yefayela ngayinye ukuthi ihlukaniswe enye kwenye; lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezidingekayo kuphela zefayela eliphelele zidluliswa ukuze nciphisa ukusetshenziswa komkhawulokudonsa futhi uwagcine ehlelekile ku-disk drive. Lokhu kwenza kube ithuluzi ekahle ukufakwa kwedatha, ukupakisha izinto eziningi kumafayela angawodwa noma ezinqolobaneni ezinokucubungula okuncane okungaphezulu. Ngamafuphi, i- I-Interchange File Format (IFF) iyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babelane kalula nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwefayela lekhompyutha kuyilapho belondoloza isikhathi sokuwahlela kahle kuma-hard drive abo.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.