Amabhethri e-Li-ion

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: July 9, 2022

Amabhethri e-Li-ion amabhethri aphinde ashajwe aqukethe i-lithium ion. Asetshenziswa kukho konke kusukela komakhalekhukhwini kuya ezimotweni. Kodwa zisebenza kanjani?

Amabhethri e-Li-ion asebenzisa inqubo yokuhlanganisa ukuze agcine amandla. Le nqubo ihlanganisa i-lithium ion ehamba phakathi kwe-cathode ne-anode ngaphakathi kwebhethri. Nini ukushaja, ama-ion asuka ku-anode aye ku-cathode, futhi lapho ekhipha, ahamba aye kolunye uhlangothi.

Kodwa lokho kungukubukezwa nje okufushane. Ake sibheke yonke into ngokuningiliziwe.

Liyini Ibhethri Le-Lithium-Ion?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion akhona yonke indawo kulezi zinsuku! Banika amandla amafoni ethu, laptops, izimoto zikagesi, nokunye. Kodwa ziyini ngempela? Ake sibhekisise!

Okuyisisekelo

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion akhiwa iseli elilodwa noma amaningi, ibhodi lesifunda elivikelayo, nezinye izakhi ezimbalwa:

• Ama-Electrodes: Iziphetho zeseli eziphozithivu nezinegethivu. Kunamathiselwe kubaqoqi bamanje.
• I-Anode: I-electrode engalungile.
• Electrolyte: Uketshezi noma ijeli ehambisa ugesi.
• Iziqoqi zamanje: Amafoil aconductive ku-electrode ngayinye yebhethri axhunywe kumatheminali eseli. Lawa matheminali adlulisa amandla kagesi phakathi kwebhethri, idivayisi, kanye nomthombo wamandla onika ibhethri amandla.
• Isihlukanisi: Ifilimu ye-polymeric enezimbobo ehlukanisa ama-electrode ngenkathi ivumela ukushintshaniswa kwama-ion e-lithium ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye.

Indlela Esebenza

Uma usebenzisa idivayisi enikwe amandla ibhethri le-lithium-ion, ama-ion e-lithium ahambahamba ngaphakathi kwebhethri phakathi kwe-anode ne-cathode. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-electron ahambahamba kumjikelezo wangaphandle. Lokhu kunyakaza kwama-ion nama-electron yikho okudala amandla kagesi anika amandla idivayisi yakho.

Lapho ibhethri lishajwa, i-anode ikhipha ama-ion e-lithium ku-cathode, ikhiqize ukugeleza kwama-electron okusiza ukunika amandla idivayisi yakho. Lapho ibhethri ishaja, kwenzeka okuphambene: i-lithium ion ikhishwa yi-cathode futhi itholwe yi-anode.

Ungazitholaphi?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion akhona yonke indawo kulezi zinsuku! Ungawathola emafonini, kumakhompyutha aphathekayo, ezimotweni zikagesi, nokuningi. Ngakho-ke ngokuzayo uma usebenzisa idivayisi yakho eyintandokazi, khumbula nje ukuthi inikwa amandla ibhethri le-lithium-ion!

Umlando Othakazelisayo Webhethri ye-Lithium-Ion

Imizamo yokuqala ye-NASA

Emuva ngawo-'60s, i-NASA yayisivele izama ukwenza ibhethri ye-Li-ion ephinde ishajwe. Bakha ibhethri le-CuF2/Li, kodwa ayizange isebenze kahle.

Ukuphumelela kuka-M. Stanley Whittingham

Ngo-1974, usokhemisi waseBrithani uM. Stanley Whittingham wenza intuthuko lapho esebenzisa i-titanium disulfide (TiS2) njenge-cathode material. Lokhu kwakunesakhiwo esinezingqimba esingathatha i-lithium ion ngaphandle kokushintsha isakhiwo sayo sekristalu. I-Exxon yazama ukudayisa ibhethri, kodwa lalibiza kakhulu futhi liyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakujwayele ukubamba umlilo ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-metallic lithium kumaseli.

Godshall, Mizushima, Goodenough

Ngo-1980, uNed A. Godshall et al. futhi u-Koichi Mizushima noJohn B. Goodenough bashintsha i-TiS2 nge-lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2, noma i-LCO). Lokhu kwakunesakhiwo esinezingqimba ezifanayo, kodwa nge-voltage ephakeme kanye nokuzinza okwengeziwe emoyeni.

Ukusungulwa kukaRachid Yazami

Ngawo lowo nyaka, u-Rachid Yazami wabonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-electrochemical intercalation ye-lithium ku-graphite futhi wasungula i-lithium graphite electrode (anode).

Inkinga Yokuvutha

Inkinga yokuvutha yaqhubeka, ngakho-ke i-lithium metal anode yashiywa. Isixazululo sokugcina kwaba ukusebenzisa i-anode yokuxhumana, efana naleyo esetshenziselwa i-cathode, evimbela ukwakheka kwensimbi ye-lithium ngesikhathi sokushajwa kwebhethri.

Idizayini ka-Yoshino

Ngo-1987, u-Akira Yoshino wenza ilungelo lobunikazi okwakuzoba ibhethri yokuqala ye-Li-ion yokuhweba esebenzisa i-anode "yekhabhoni ethambile" (into efana namalahle) kanye ne-Goodenough's LCO cathode kanye ne-carbonate ester-based electrolyte.

I-Sony's Commerceization

Ngo-1991, u-Sony waqala ukukhiqiza nokudayisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion okuqala aphinde ashajwa emhlabeni esebenzisa umklamo we-Yoshino.

Umklomelo kaNobel

Ngo-2012, u-John B. Goodenough, u-Rachid Yazami, kanye no-Akira Yoshino bathola indondo ye-IEEE ye-Environmental and Safety Technologies yango-2012 yokuthuthukisa ibhethri ye-lithium-ion. Kwathi ngo-2019, uGoodenough, Whittingham, kanye noYoshino baklonyeliswa ngendondo yeNobel kuChemistry ngento efanayo.

IGlobal Production Capacity

Ngo-2010, amandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke amabhethri e-Li-ion ayengama-gigawatt-amahora angama-20. Ngo-2016, isikhule yaba ngu-28 GWh, ne-16.4 GWh e-China. Ngo-2020, amandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke ayengama-767 GWh, kanti i-China yabalelwa ku-75%. Ngo-2021, ilinganiselwa phakathi kuka-200 no-600 GWh, futhi izibikezelo zika-2023 zisukela ku-400 kuya ku-1,100 GWh.

Isayensi Ngemuva 18650 Lithium-Ion Amaseli

Iyini i-18650 Cell?

Uma uke wezwa ngebhethri ye-laptop noma imoto kagesi, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-cell 18650. Lolu hlobo lweseli ye-lithium-ion luyi-cylindrical futhi lusetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.

Yini Ngaphakathi Kweseli 18650?

Iseli elingu-18650 lakhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa, zonke ezisebenza ndawonye ukunika amandla idivayisi yakho:

• I-electrode engemihle ngokuvamile yenziwa nge-graphite, uhlobo lwekhabhoni.
• I-electrode enhle ngokuvamile yenziwa nge-oxide yensimbi.
• I-electrolyte ingusawoti we-lithium ku-solvent ephilayo.
• Isihlukanisi sivimbela i-anode ne-cathode ukuthi ingafinyeleli.
• Umqoqi wamanje ucezu lwensimbi oluhlukanisa i-electronics yangaphandle kusuka ku-anode ne-cathode.

Lenzani Iseli lika-18650?

Iseli ye-18650 inesibopho sokunika amandla idivayisi yakho. Lokhu ikwenza ngokudala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-anode ne-cathode, ekhiqiza ama-electron ageleza kumjikelezo wangaphandle. I-electrolyte isiza ukwenza lokhu kusabela kube lula, kuyilapho umqoqi wamanje eqinisekisa ukuthi ama-electron awafinyeleli.

Ikusasa Lamaseli E-18650

Isidingo samabhethri silokhu sikhula njalo, ngakho abacwaningi bahlale befuna izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo, ukuphepha, ukuqina, isikhathi sokushaja, kanye nezindleko zamaseli angu-18650. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola izinto ezintsha, njenge-graphene, nokuhlola ezinye izakhiwo zama-electrode.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo lapho usebenzisa ikhompuyutha yakho ephathekayo noma imoto kagesi, thatha isikhashana ukwazisa isayensi engemuva kweseli 18650!

Izinhlobo zamaseli e-Lithium-Ion

I-Cylindrical encane

Lawa wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamaseli e-lithium-ion, futhi atholakala kumabhayisikili amaningi namabhethri ezimoto zikagesi. Afika ngosayizi abahlukahlukene abajwayelekile futhi anomzimba oqinile ngaphandle kwamatheminali.

I-Cylindrical enkulu

Lawa maseli e-lithium-ion makhulu kunama-cylindrical amancane, futhi anamatheminali amakhulu anentambo.

Isicaba noma Isikhwama

Lawa amaseli athambile, ayisicaba ozowathola komakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha aphathekayo amasha. Baziwa nangokuthi amabhethri e-lithium-ion polymer.

Ikesi Lepulasitiki Eliqinile

Lawa maseli afika namatheminali amakhulu anentambo futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kumaphakethe okudonsa imoto kagesi.

I-Jelly Roll

Amaseli angama-cylindrical enziwe ngendlela eyisici “ye-swiss roll”, eyaziwa nangokuthi “i-jelly roll” e-US. Lokhu kusho ukuthi “isandwich” ende ende ye-electrode ephozithivu, isihlukanisi, i-electrode eyinegethivu, nesihlukanisi esigingqelwe ku-spool eyodwa. Ama-Jelly rolls anenzuzo yokukhiqizwa ngokushesha kunamaseli anama-electrode astakiwe.

Amaseli esikhwama

Amaseli ezikhwama anomthamo omkhulu wamandla we-gravimetric, kodwa adinga indlela yangaphandle yokubamba ukuze avimbele ukunwetshwa lapho izinga lawo le-state of charge (SOC) liphezulu.

Amabhethri Okugeleza

Amabhethri agelezayo awuhlobo olusha lwebhethri le-lithium-ion elimisa okwesikhashana i-cathode noma into ye-anode kusixazululo esinamanzi noma esiphilayo.

Iseli Encane ye-Li-ion

Ngo-2014, i-Panasonic yakha iseli elincane le-Li-ion. Imise okwephinikhodi futhi inobubanzi obungu-3.5mm nesisindo esingu-0.6g. Ifana namabhethri e-lithium ajwayelekile futhi ivamise ukubekwa ngesiqalo esithi “LiR”.

Amaphakethe webhethri

Amaphakethe ebhethri akhiwe amaseli e-lithium-ion amaningi axhumene futhi asetshenziselwa ukunika amandla amadivayisi amakhulu, njengezimoto zikagesi. Ziqukethe izinzwa zokushisa, amasekhethi alawula amandla kagesi, ompompi bamandla kagesi, neziqaphi zesimo sokushaja ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokuphepha.

Asetshenziselwani Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion?

Consumer Electronics

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion awumthombo wamandla oya kuwo wonke amagajethi akho ayintandokazi. Kusukela kumakhalekhukhwini wakho othembekile kuye kwikhompyutha ephathekayo, idijithali ikhamera, nogwayi kagesi, lawa mabhethri agcina ubuchwepheshe bakho busebenza.

Amathuluzi Amandla

Uma uyi-DIYer, uyazi ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium-ion ayindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo. Ama-drill angenantambo, ama-sander, amasaha, kanye nezinto zokusebenza zasengadini ezifana ne-whipper-snippers nezinqamuli zothango konke kuncike kulawa mabhethri.

Izimoto Zogesi

Izimoto zikagesi, izimoto eziyingxubevange, izithuthuthu zikagesi nezithuthuthu, amabhayisikili kagesi, izithuthi zomuntu siqu, nezihlalo zabakhubazekile zikagesi ezithuthukisiwe konke kusebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuhambahamba. Futhi masingakhohlwa ngamamodeli alawulwa ngomsakazo, imodeli yendiza, ngisho ne-Mars Curiosity rover!

Telecommunications

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion nawo asetshenziswa njengamandla ayisipele ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ngocingo. Futhi, kuxoxwa ngazo njengenketho engaba khona yokugcina amandla egridi, nakuba zingakancintisani nhlobo izindleko okwamanje.

Odinga Ukukwazi Ngokusebenza Kwebhethri Lithium-Ion

Ukuminyana kwamandla

Uma kukhulunywa ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ubheka ukuminyana kwamandla okungathí sina! Sikhuluma 100-250 W · h/kg (360-900 kJ/kg) kanye 250-680 W · h/L (900-2230 J/cm3). Lawo amandla anele ukukhanyisa idolobha elincane!

voltage

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ane-voltage ephezulu ye-open-circuit kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, njenge-lead-acid, i-nickel-metal hydride, ne-nickel-cadmium.

Ukumelana Nangaphakathi

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyanda ngokuhamba ngebhayisikili nobudala, kodwa lokhu kuncike ku-voltage nezinga lokushisa amabhethri agcinwe kukho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-voltage kumatheminali yehla ngaphansi komthwalo, inciphisa umthamo wamanje omkhulu.

Ukushaja Isikhathi

Sezadlula izinsuku lapho amabhethri e-lithium-ion ethatha amahora amabili noma ngaphezulu ukushajwa. Namuhla, ungathola ukushaja okugcwele ngemizuzu engama-45 noma ngaphansi! Ngo-2015, abacwaningi baze bakhombisa nebhethri elinamandla angama-600 mAh elishajwe kumthamo wamaphesenti angama-68 ngemizuzu emibili kanye nebhethri elingu-3,000 mAh elishajwe kumthamo wamaphesenti angama-48 ngemizuzu emihlanu.

Ukwehliswa Kwezindleko

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asehambe ibanga elide kusukela ngo-1991. Amanani ehle ngo-97% kanti ukuminyana kwamandla sekuphindeke ngokuphindwe kathathu. Amaseli anosayizi ohlukile anamakhemikhali afanayo nawo angaba nokuminyana kwamandla okuhlukile, ngakho-ke ungathola i-bang eyengeziwe ngembandi yakho.

Iyini Isebenza Ngebhethri ye-Lithium-Ion Lifespan?

Okuyisisekelo

Uma kukhulunywa ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ubude bempilo buvamise ukukalwa ngokwenani lemijikelezo yokushaja egcwele edingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe umkhawulo othile. Lo mkhawulo uvame ukuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa umthamo noma ukunyuka kwe-impedance. Abakhiqizi bavamise ukusebenzisa igama elithi “umjikelezo wempilo” ukuchaza ubude bempilo yebhethri ngokuya ngenani lemijikelezo eliyithathayo ukuze lifinyelele ku-80% womthamo walo olinganiselwe.

Ukugcina amabhethri e-lithium-ion esimweni sokushajwa nakho kunciphisa umthamo wawo futhi kukhulisa ukumelana neseli. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhula okuqhubekayo kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-electrolyte ku-anode. Wonke umjikelezo wempilo yebhethri, okuhlanganisa kokubili umjikelezo nokusebenza kwesitoreji esingasebenzi, kubizwa ngokuthi impilo yekhalenda.

Izinto Ezithinta Impilo Yomjikelezo Webhethri

Impilo yomjikelezo webhethri ithintwa izinto ezimbalwa, njenge:

• Temperature
• Khipha okwamanje
• Shaja yamanje
• Isimo sokushaja ububanzi (ukujula kokukhipha)

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela, njengama-smartphones, amakhompyutha aphathekayo nezimoto zikagesi, amabhethri awahlali eshajwe ngokugcwele futhi eshajwa. Yingakho ukuchaza impilo yebhethri ngokwemijikelezo yokukhipha okugcwele kungase kudukise. Ukuze ugweme lokhu kudideka, abacwaningi kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisa ukukhishwa okunqwabelanayo, okuyisamba senani lokushajwa (Ah) elethwa ibhethri phakathi nempilo yalo yonke noma imijikelezo egcwele elinganayo.

Ukonakaliswa Kwebhethri

Amabhethri ehla kancane kancane esikhathini sokuphila kwawo, okuholela ekwehleni komthamo futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukuncipha kwamandla kagesi weselula osebenzayo. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali nezomshini kuma-electrode. Ukuwohloka kuncike kakhulu kumazinga okushisa, futhi amazinga aphezulu wokushaja nawo asheshisa ukulahleka kwamandla.

Ezinye zezinqubo ezivame kakhulu zokwehlisa isithunzi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuncipha kwe-organic carbonate electrolyte ku-anode, okuholela ekukhuleni kweSolid Electrolyte Interface (SEI). Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kwe-ohmic impedance kanye nokwehliswa kwenkokhelo ye-Ah cyclable.

• I-Lithium metal plating, ephinde iholele ekulahlekeni kwe-lithium yokusungula (i-cyclable Ah charge) kanye ne-short-circuiting yangaphakathi.

• Ukulahleka kwezinto (ezingezinhle noma ezinhle) ezisebenza ngogesi ngenxa yokuhlakazeka, ukuqhekeka, ukucwecwa, ukuhlukaniswa noma ukushintsha kwevolumu okuvamile phakathi nokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Lokhu kubonakala njengokufiphala kokushaja namandla (ukwenyuka ukumelana).

• Ukugqwala/ukuqedwa komqoqi wamanje wethusi ongemuhle kuma-voltage amaseli aphansi.

• Ukucekelwa phansi kwe-PVDF binder, okungabangela ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto ezisebenza ngogesi.

Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ibhethri elizohlala isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka zonke izici ezingathinta impilo yalo yomjikelezo!

Izingozi zamabhethri e-Lithium-Ion

Ayini Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion angamandla omhlaba wethu wanamuhla. Zitholakala kukho konke kusukela kuma-smartphone kuya ezimotweni zikagesi. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izinto ezinamandla, ziza nezingozi ezimbalwa.

Ziyini Izingozi?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aqukethe i-electrolyte evuthayo futhi angacindezelwa uma onakele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ibhethri lishajwa ngokushesha kakhulu, lingabangela ukujikeleza okufushane futhi kuholele ekuqhumeni nemililo.

Nazi ezinye zezindlela amabhethri e-lithium-ion angaba ngayo yingozi:

• Ukuhlukumeza okushisayo: Ukupholisa okungekuhle noma umlilo wangaphandle
• Ukusebenzisa kabi ugesi: Imali engaphezulu noma i-short circuit yangaphandle
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kwemishini: Ukungena noma ukuphahlazeka
• Isifunda esifushane sangaphakathi: Amaphutha okukhiqiza noma ukuguga

Yini engenziwa?

Amazinga okuhlola amabhethri e-lithium-ion aqine kakhulu kunalawo amabhethri e-acid-electrolyte. Imikhawulo yokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi nayo ibekwe abalawuli bezokuphepha.

Kwezinye izimo, izinkampani kuye kwadingeka ukuthi zikhumbule imikhiqizo ngenxa yezinkinga ezihlobene nebhethri, njengokukhumbula kwe-Samsung Galaxy Note 7 ngo-2016.

Amaphrojekthi ocwaningo ayaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa ama-electrolyte angashi ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zomlilo.

Uma amabhethri e-lithium-ion elimele, echotshoziwe, noma ebhekene nomthwalo ophakeme kagesi ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kokushajwa ngokweqile, khona-ke izinkinga zingavela. Ukwenza i-short-circuit ibhethri kungabangela ukuthi lishise kakhulu futhi lithungele nomlilo.

Iphuzu Eliyinhloko

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla futhi aguqule umhlaba wethu, kodwa eza nezingozi ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zingozi futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuzinciphisa.

Umthelela Wezemvelo Wamabhethri e-Lithium-Ion

Ayini Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion?

Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion angumthombo wamandla wemishini yethu eminingi yansuku zonke, kusukela kumafoni namalaptop kuya ezimotweni zikagesi. Zenziwe nge-lithium, i-nickel, ne-cobalt, futhi zaziwa ngokuminyana kwazo okuphezulu nempilo ende.

Iyini Imithelela Yezemvelo?

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri e-Lithium-Ion kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-lithium, i-nickel, ne-cobalt kungaba yingozi empilweni yasemanzini, okuholela ekungcoleni kwamanzi nezinkinga zokuphefumula.
• Imikhiqizo yezimayini ingabangela ukucekelwa phansi kwe-ecosystem kanye nokulimala kwezwe.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela engafanele ezindaweni ezomile.
• Isizukulwane esikhulu somkhiqizo wokukhishwa kwe-lithium.
• Amandla okufudumala komhlaba okukhiqiza amabhethri e-lithium-ion.

Yini Engayenza?

Singasiza ukwehlisa umthelela wemvelo wamabhethri e-Lithium-Ion ngokwenza lokhu:

• Ukugaywa kabusha amabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuze kuncishiswe i-carbon footprint yokukhiqiza.
• Ukusebenzisa kabusha amabhethri esikhundleni sokuwasebenzisa kabusha.
• Ukugcina amabhethri asetshenzisiwe ngokuphepha ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.
• Ukusebenzisa izindlela ze-pyrometallurgical kanye ne-hydrometallurgical ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zebhethri.
• Ukucwenga i-slag kusukela kunqubo yokuphinda isetshenziswe embonini kasimende.

Umthelela Wokukhishwa Kwe-Lithium Kumalungelo Abantu

Izingozi Kubantu Bendawo

Ukukhipha izinto zokusetshenziswa zamabhethri e-lithium ion kungaba yingozi kubantu bendawo, ikakhulukazi abantu bomdabu. I-Cobalt yaseDemocratic Republic of the Congo ivamise ukumbiwa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezincane, okuholela ekulimaleni nasekufeni. Ukungcola okuvela kulezi zimayini sekuchaye abantu kumakhemikhali anobuthi angabangela izinkinga zokubeletha nokuphefumula kanzima. Kuke kwabikwa nokuthi kusetshenziswa izingane kulezi zimayini.

Ukungabi Nemvume Yamahhala Yangaphambili Nenolwazi

Ucwaningo olwenziwa e-Argentina luthole ukuthi izwe kungenzeka alilivikelanga ilungelo labantu bomdabu lokukhulula imvume yangaphambili nenolwazi, nokuthi izinkampani ezikhipha izinto zilawula ukufinyelela komphakathi olwazini futhi zabeka imigomo yezingxoxo zamaphrojekthi nokwabelana ngenzuzo.

Imibhikisho kanye Namacala

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemayini ye-lithium ye-Thacker Pass e-Nevada kuhlangatshezwane nayo nemibhikisho namacala avela ezizweni ezimbalwa zomdabu ezithi azizange zinikezwe imvume yamahhala nenolwazi nokuthi le phrojekthi isongela iziza zamasiko nezingcwele. Abantu baphinde bazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi lolu hlelo luzodala ubungozi kwabesifazane bomdabu. Ababhikishi bebelokhu bengena kule ndawo kusukela ngoJanuwari 2021.

Umthelela Wokukhishwa Kwe-Lithium Kumalungelo Abantu

Izingozi Kubantu Bendawo

Ukukhipha izinto zokusetshenziswa zamabhethri e-lithium ion kungaba inkinga yangempela kubantu bendawo, ikakhulukazi abomdabu. I-Cobalt yaseDemocratic Republic of the Congo ivamise ukumbiwa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezincane, okuholela ekulimaleni nasekufeni. Ukungcola okuvela kulezi zimayini sekuchaye abantu kumakhemikhali anobuthi angabangela izinkinga zokubeletha nokuphefumula kanzima. Kuke kwabikwa nokuthi kusetshenziswa izingane kulezi zimayini. Yebo!

Ukungabi Nemvume Yamahhala Yangaphambili Nenolwazi

Ucwaningo olwenziwa e-Argentina lwathola ukuthi umbuso kungenzeka ungazange unikeze abantu bomdabu ilungelo lokukhulula imvume ngaphambi nangesikhathi esinolwazi, nokuthi izinkampani ezikhipha izinto zilawula ukufinyelela komphakathi olwazini futhi zibeke imigomo yezingxoxo zamaphrojekthi nokwabelana ngenzuzo. Akupholile.

Imibhikisho kanye Namacala

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemayini ye-lithium ye-Thacker Pass e-Nevada kuhlangatshezwane nayo nemibhikisho namacala avela ezizweni ezimbalwa zomdabu ezithi azizange zinikezwe imvume yamahhala nenolwazi nokuthi le phrojekthi isongela iziza zamasiko nezingcwele. Abantu baphinde bazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi lolu hlelo luzodala ubungozi kwabesifazane bomdabu. Ababhikishi bebelokhu bengena kule sayithi kusukela ngoJanuwari 2021, futhi akubonakali sengathi bahlela ukuhamba noma nini maduzane.

Umehluko

Amabhethri e-Li-Ion Vs Lipo

Uma kukhulunywa ngamabhethri e-Li-ion vs LiPo, impi yama-titans. Amabhethri e-Li-ion asebenza ngendlela emangalisayo, apakisha ithani lamandla ephaketheni elincane. Kodwa, zingase zingazinzi futhi zibe yingozi uma isithiyo esiphakathi kwama-electrode amahle noma angalungile siphulwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-LiPo aphephe kakhulu, njengoba engahlushwa ingozi efanayo yokusha. Futhi abahlushwa 'umphumela wenkumbulo' owenziwa amabhethri e-Li-ion, okusho ukuthi angashajwa kaningi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla awo. Futhi, anesikhathi eside sokuphila kunamabhethri e-Li-ion, ngakho-ke akumele ukhathazeke ngokuwashintsha kaningi. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ibhethri eliphephile, elithembekile, nelihlala isikhathi eside, i-LiPo iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo!

Amabhethri e-Li-Ion Vs I-Lead Acid

Amabhethri e-lead acid ashibhile kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion, kodwa awasebenzi futhi. Amabhethri e-lead acid angathatha amahora angu-10 ukushajwa, kuyilapho amabhethri e-lithium ion akwazi ukushaja emizuzwini embalwa nje. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi amabhethri e-lithium ion angamukela izinga elisheshayo lamanje, ashaje ngokushesha kunamabhethri e-lead acid. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ibhethri elishaja ngokushesha nangempumelelo, i-lithium ion iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo. Kodwa uma ukubhajethi, i-lead acid iyindlela ethengekayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe ibhethri ye-Li-ion iyafana ne-lithium?

Cha, amabhethri e-Li-ion namabhethri e-lithium awafani! Amabhethri e-lithium angamaseli ayinhloko, okusho ukuthi awashajwa kabusha. Ngakho, uma usuwasebenzisile, aseqedile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-Li-ion angamaseli esibili, okusho ukuthi angashajwa futhi asetshenziswe kaninginingi. Futhi, amabhethri e-Li-ion abiza kakhulu futhi athatha isikhathi eside ukwenza kunamabhethri e-lithium. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ibhethri elingashajwa kabusha, i-Li-ion iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo. Kodwa uma ufuna okuthile okushibhile futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, i-lithium iwukubheja kwakho okuhle kakhulu.

Ingabe udinga ishaja ekhethekile yamabhethri e-lithium?

Cha, awudingi ishaja ekhethekile yamabhethri e-lithium! Ngamabhethri e-lithium e-iTechworld, asikho isidingo sokuthi uthuthukise lonke uhlelo lwakho lokushaja futhi usebenzise imali eyengeziwe. Okudingayo nje ishaja yakho ye-asidi eholayo ekhona futhi usulungele ukuhamba. Amabhethri ethu e-lithium anoHlelo Lokuphathwa Kwebhethri olukhethekile (BMS) oluqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri lakho lishaja ngendlela efanele ngeshaja yakho ekhona.
Okuwukuphela kweshaja esingakuncomi ukuthi isetshenziswe yileyo eyenzelwe amabhethri e-calcium. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi okokufaka kwe-voltage kuvame ukuba phezulu kunalokho okunconyelwe amabhethri omjikelezo ojulile we-lithium. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uma usebenzisa ishaja ye-calcium ngephutha, i-BMS izobona amandla kagesi aphezulu bese ingena kumodi ephephile, ivikele ibhethri lakho kunoma yimuphi umonakalo. Ngakho-ke ungaphuli ibhange uthenga ishaja ekhethekile – vele usebenzise ekhona kakade futhi uzolungiselelwa!

Ingakanani impilo yebhethri ye-lithium-ion?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion angamandla asekela amagajethi akho ansuku zonke. Kodwa zihlala isikhathi esingakanani? Nokho, isilinganiso sebhethri le-lithium-ion kufanele sihlale phakathi kwemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha engama-300 kuya ku-500. Lokho kufana nokushaja ifoni yakho kanye ngosuku isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka! Futhi, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngezinkinga zenkumbulo njengoba wawujwayele ukwenza. Vele ugcine ibhethri lakho livaliwe futhi lipholile futhi uzolungela ukuhamba. Ngakho-ke, uma uyinakekela kahle, ibhethri lakho le-lithium-ion kufanele likugcine isikhathi eside.

Yimuphi umonakalo omkhulu webhethri le-Li-ion?

Okubi kakhulu kwamabhethri e-Li-ion izindleko zawo. Abiza cishe ngo-40% kune-Ni-Cd, ngakho-ke uma ukubhajethi, ungase ufune ukubheka kwenye indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bajwayele ukuguga, okusho ukuthi bangalahlekelwa amandla futhi bahluleke ngemva kweminyaka embalwa. Akekho umuntu onesikhathi salokho! Ngakho-ke uma uzotshala imali ku-Li-ion, qiniseka ukuthi wenza ucwaningo lwakho futhi uthole imali engcono kakhulu yemali yakho.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, amabhethri e-Li-ion awubuchwepheshe obushintshashintshayo obunika amandla amadivaysi ethu ansuku zonke, kusukela kumakhalekhukhwini kuya ezimotweni zikagesi. Ngolwazi olufanele, lawa mabhethri angasetshenziswa ngokuphepha nangempumelelo, ngakho-ke ungesabi ukucwila futhi uhlole umhlaba wamabhethri e-Li-ion!

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.