Izimiso eziyi-12 Zopopayi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: Mashi 28, 2023

Ingabe nawe ngezinye izikhathi uyazabalaza ukuze udale izithombe ezinyakazayo ezingokoqobo nezihehayo?

Uma kunjalo, awuwedwa. Animation kuyindlela yobuciko eyingqayizivele edinga ukulingana okuthambile kobuciko bobuciko nokuqonda kwesayensi.

Ngenhlanhla, kunezimiso ezibalulekile ezingakuqondisa ohambweni lwakho oluya ezithombeni ezifana nempilo nezikholisayo.

Faka Izimiso Ezingu-12 Zopopayi.

Izimiso ezingu-12 zopopayi zathuthukiswa ngabalingiswa be-Disney u-Ollie Johnston noFrank Thomas futhi zanyatheliswa encwadini ebizwa ngokuthi “The Illusion of Life”. Ziyisethi yemihlahlandlela engakusiza ukuthi udale ukugqwayiza okufana nempilo nokungokoqobo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola Izimiso ezingu-12 ngokuningiliziwe, ukuze ukwazi ukuyisa amakhono akho opopayi ezingeni elilandelayo.

1. Squash futhi Yelula

Squash futhi welule umgomo othathwa njengenye yezimiso eziyisisekelo nezibalulekile zokugqwayiza.

Kuyindlela yokwenza ihaba ngomumo nevolumu yezinhlamvu noma izinto ukudala inkohliso yesisindo, isisindo, namandla. Uma into isihlikihliwe, ibonakala icindezela, futhi lapho yeluliwe, ibonakala inwebeka.

Lo mphumela ulingisa ikhwalithi yokunwebeka yezinto ezingokoqobo futhi udlulisa umuzwa wokunyakaza nesisindo. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ekunyakazeni okulula njengokubhampa ibhola noma ukunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi njengokwakheka kwemisipha yomuntu. Izinga le ukuphanga kungaba okuhlekisayo noma okucashile, kuye ngezidingo zopopayi.

2. Ukulangazela

Ukulindela umgomo wokugqwayiza obandakanya ukulungiselela isibukeli isenzo esizokwenzeka. Yisikhathi ngaphambi nje kokuthi kwenzeke isenzo esiyinhloko, lapho umlingisi noma into ilungela ukugxuma, ukushwiba, ukukhahlela, ukujikijela, noma ukwenza esinye isenzo. Ukulindela kusiza ukwenza isenzo sakholweke kakhudlwana futhi siphumelele ngokunikeza umbukeli umuzwa walokho okuzokwenzeka.

Kokubili Ukulindela kanye nokulandela (kamuva kulolu hlu) kuyizimiso ezimbili ezibandakanya ukunyakaza kokuqala nokuqeda. Ukulindela kusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izethameli ukunyakaza okuzayo, kuyilapho ukulandela kusetshenziselwa ukudala umuzwa wokuqhubeka ngemva kokuphela komnyakazo. Lezi zimiso zibalulekile ekudaleni ukunyakaza okukholisayo nokumangalisayo.

3. Ukudlala

Isiteji esinye isimiso esibalulekile empumelelweni yopopayi. Lesi simiso simayelana nokubekwa kwezinto nezinhlamvu ngaphakathi kohlaka. Ngokugcina ukugxila engqikithini yesehlakalo nokugwema iziphazamiso ezingadingekile, abapopayi bayakwazi ukwenza isethulo esicacile nesiqondiswe ngokungangabazeki. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokunaka indawo yekhamera, ukukhanya, kanye nendawo yezinto ezingaphakathi kohlaka.

4. Misa futhi Uqonde Phambili

Misa ukuma futhi ngqo phambili kunezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene zokugqwayiza. Ukuma ukuma kuhilela ukwakha ukuma okubalulekile nokugcwalisa izikhawu phakathi kwazo, kuyilapho ukuya phambili kuhilela ukudala ukunyakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekupheleni. Uma i-animator isebenzisa indlela ye-Straight Ahead Action, iqala ekuqaleni kokugqwayiza futhi idwebe ifremu ngayinye ngokulandelana kuze kube sekupheleni.

Iyiphi Indlela Okufanele Uyisebenzise?

Hhayi-ke, ngingasho ngamafuphi kakhulu ngalena… Ku-stop motion animation kukhona kuphela ukugqwayiza ngqo phambili. Njengoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuma ukuze ume nezinto zangempela.

Kodwa-ke, ngingasho lokhu mayelana nokugqwayiza ku-pose to pose. Ngokumisa ukunyakaza kufanele uhlele ngokucophelela yonke into. Uma wenza umjikelezo wokuhamba, unganquma kusengaphambili ukuthi amaphuzu athintayo azoba kuphi. Njengokusho ukuthi uzokwenza uma ugqwayiza ozimele abangukhiye ekumiseni ukuze bame. Ngakho ngalowo mqondo indlela iyafana, kodwa uma ukugqwayiza kwangempela kwenziwa, ihlala iqonde phambili.

5. Landela kanye Nesenzo Esihambisanayo

Landela kanye ne-Overlapping Action umgomo wokugqwayiza osetshenziselwa ukudala ukunyakaza okungokwemvelo nokukholekayo kuzinhlamvu nezinto.

Umqondo walesi simiso ukuthi lapho into noma umlingisi ehamba, akuyona yonke into ehambayo ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngesivinini esifanayo. Izingxenye ezihlukene zento noma uhlamvu zizohamba ngamanani ahluke kancane futhi ziye ezindaweni ezihlukene, okudala umnyakazo ongokoqobo kanye noketshezi.

Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngomuntu ogijimayo. Njengoba beqhubekela phambili, izinwele zabo zingase zigeleze emuva, izingalo zabo zingase zijike ziye phambili nasemuva, futhi izingubo zabo zingase zinyakaze emoyeni. Konke lokhu kunyakaza kwenzeka ngamanani ahlukene nangezindlela ezihlukene, kodwa konke kuyingxenye yokunyakaza okufanayo kukonke.

Ukudala lo mphumela ku-animation, abagqwayiza basebenzisa okuthi “landela” kanye “nesenzo esigqagqene”. Ukulandela lapho izingxenye zento noma umlingiswa ziqhubeka nokunyakaza ngisho nangemva kokuba umnyakazo omkhulu umile. Isibonelo, uma umlingiswa eyeka ukugijima, izinwele zakhe zingase ziqhubeke nokugeleza emuva isikhashana. Isenzo esigqagqene yilapho izingxenye ezihlukene zento noma uhlamvu zinyakaza ngamanani ahlukene, okudala umnyakazo omanzi nowemvelo.

6. Yehlisa Ngaphakathi futhi Yehlisa

I "ngena kancane futhi uphume kancane” umgomo uyisisekelo esiyisisekelo kodwa esibalulekile sokugqwayiza esibandakanya ukungeza ozimele abaningi ekuqaleni nasekupheleni komnyakazo ukuze udale ukubukeka okungokwemvelo nokusamanzi.

Umqondo oyisisekelo walesi simiso ukuthi izinto ngokuvamile azihambi ngesivinini esingaguquki empilweni yangempela. Esikhundleni salokho, bavame ukusheshisa futhi behle njengoba beqala futhi bayeke ukunyakaza. Ngokungeza ozimele abengeziwe ekuqaleni nasekupheleni komnyakazo, abapopayi bangakha ukusheshisa kancane kancane nokwehla, okwenza ukugqwayiza kubukeke kungokwemvelo futhi kukholeleke.

Isibonelo, uma ubufuna ukudala ukugqwayiza kokunyakaza kokuma kwebhola eligingqika phansi, ungase uthathe izithombe eziningi zebhola ezindaweni ezihlukene njengoba iqala ukugingqika, bese ukhuphula kancane kancane inani lezithombe ozithathayo njengoba lizuza umfutho. , bese wehlisa inani lezithombe futhi njengoba ifika ime.

I-7. I-Arc

The I-arc umgomo ubalulekile ku-animation ngoba ubonisa imithetho ye-physics kanye nemiphumela yemvelo yamandla adonsela phansi. Uma into noma umuntu ehamba, ulandela indlela yemvelo engaqondile kodwa egobile. Ngokungeza ama-arcs kuma-animation, ama-animators angenza ukugqwayiza kubukeke kungokwemvelo futhi kungokoqobo.

Isibonelo sendlela yokusebenzisa ama-arcs ku-animation yilapho umuntu ehamba. Njengoba umuntu enyakazisa izingalo nemilenze, balandela ama-arcs ahlukene. Ngokunaka ama-arcs, ama-animators angakha ukugqwayiza okuhle kakhulu nokungokwemvelo. Esinye isibonelo lapho ibhola liphonswa, lilandela i-arc emoyeni ngenxa yamandla asetshenziswa kulo. Ngokungeza ama-arcs esibili kupopayi, ama-animators angenza ukunyakaza kubukeke kumanzi futhi kungokwemvelo.

8.Isenzo Sesibili

Isenzo sesibili ibhekisela emcabangweni wokuthi izinto ezihambayo zizodala ukunyakaza kwesibili kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Zisetshenziselwa ukweseka noma ukugcizelela isenzo esikhulu esenzeka esigcawini. Ukwengeza izenzo zesibili kungangeza ukujula okwengeziwe kubalingiswa bakho nezinto.

Isibonelo, ukunyakaza okucashile kwezinwele zomlingiswa wakho njengoba ehamba, noma isimo sobuso, noma into yesibili esabela kokokuqala. Noma ngabe yikuphi, lesi senzo sesibili akufanele sisuse esokuqala.

9. Isikhathi nesikhala

Ngicabanga ukuthi ku-stop motion lena ibaluleke kakhulu. Inikeza incazelo ngempela ukunyakaza.

Ukuze sisebenzise lesi simiso sokugqwayiza, kufanele sicabangele imithetho yefiziksi nokuthi isebenza kanjani emhlabeni wemvelo.

uhlelo lwezikhathi kuhlanganisa ubude besikhathi into isesikrinini, ngenkathi ukuhlukanisa izikhala kubandakanya ukubekwa nokunyakaza kwento.

Kuye ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokunyakaza noma into ofuna ukuyidlulisa kufanele ucabangele inani elifanele lokulula. Uma uhambisa into ngokushesha okukhulu noma kancane kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nomnyakazo wayo wemvelo emhlabeni wangempela, ukugqwayiza ngeke kukholeke.

Ukuze usebenzise lesi simiso ku-stop motion animation, cabanga kuqala ngezinga lozimele othwebula ngalo. Uma uthwebula kweyodwa noma ezimbili, cishe uzothwebula ozimele abangu-12 noma abangu-24 ngokulandelanayo.

Okulandelayo, vala isikhathi sokugqwayiza kwakho kusenesikhathi. Isibonelo, uma unebhola eligoqayo futhi ubude bokudutshulwa bungamasekhondi angu-3.5, phindaphinda isikhathi sokudubula nge-framerate yakho, isibonelo amafreyimu angu-12.

Manje uyazi ukuthi kulokhu kudubula uzodinga cishe izithombe ezingama-42 (3.5 x 12).

Uma ufuna ukukala ibanga into edinga ukuhamba lapho kudutshulwa. Ake sithi ngu-30 cm bese uhlukanisa ibanga ngenani lamafreyimu. Ngakho esibonelweni sethu, 30/42 = 0.7 mm ifreyimu ngayinye.

Yiqiniso kufanele ucabangele inani elifanele lokulula. Ngakho-ke ngeke kube u-0.7 mm oqondile ngohlaka ngalunye.

10.Ihaba

Lo mgomo usetshenziselwa ukudala umthelela omkhulu nonomthelela kuma-animation. Ama-animator asebenzisa ihaba ukwenza umnyakazo nezinkulumo zibe zinkulu kunempilo, okuholela kumphumela oguqukayo kakhudlwana.

Nakuba ukugqwayiza kufanele kubukeke kungokwemvelo, kudinga ukwenziwa ihaba kancane ukuze kusebenze. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukunyakaza kufanele kube kukhudlwana kunalokho obekungaba yikho empilweni yangempela, kudale umphumela oguquguqukayo.

Ukweqisa kuyisimiso esingasetshenziswa ngendlela ephumelelayo ekunyakazeni. Ngokwenza ihaba izici ezithile zopopayi, ama-animators ayakwazi ukudala umuzwa oshukumisayo noheha izethameli.

11. Umdwebo oqinile

Umdwebo oqinile ungomunye umgomo oyinhloko okufanele ama-animator acabangele. Lo mgomo umayelana nendlela izinto nezinhlamvu ezidwetshwa ngayo ngezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ngokunaka izici ezibonakalayo zokugqwayiza, abapopayi bayakwazi ukudala ukugqwayiza okufana nempilo nokuhehayo.

12. Isikhalazo

Sokudlulisa ngesinye isimiso esingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo enkulu ekugqwayizeni. Lesi simiso simayelana nendlela abalingisi nezinto ezidwetshwa ngayo ukuze zikhange izethameli. Ngokunaka indlela abalingiswa abadwetshwa ngayo noma abenziwe ngayo, abapopayi bayakwazi ukudala ukugqwayiza okubandakanya kakhulu nokushintshashintshayo.

U-Alan Becker

Ake sikhulume ngo-Alan Becker, umlingisi waseMelika kanye nobuntu be-YouTube owaziwa ngokudala uchungechunge lwe-Animator vs. Animation. Ngicabanga ukuthi unencazelo engcono kakhulu nebanzi mayelana nezimiso ezingu-12 zokugqwayiza, ngakho bheka lena!

Uzijwayeza Kanjani Izimiso eziyi-12 Zopopayi?

Manje, ukuze usebenzise lezi zimiso, kufanele uqale ngokuzifunda. Kukhona amathani ezinsiza laphaya ezingakufundisa ukungena nokuphuma komgomo ngamunye, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi zisebenzisana kanjani. Umgomo ngamunye udlala indima ekwenzeni ukugqwayiza kwakho kugeleze ngaphandle komthungo.

Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuzilolonga yileyo edumile: ibhola eligxumayo. Cishe inakho konke. Squash futhi ulule, lapho ibhola licishe lifike phansi. “Linensa futhi liphume kancane”, lapho ibhola liqala. Ihamba ku-arc futhi ungazama ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezikhathi ezihlukile.

Uma usuziqonda kahle izimiso, yisikhathi sokuqala ukuzisebenzisa emsebenzini wakho. Yilapho ubumnandi bangempela buqala khona! Qala ukuhlola ngamasu ahlukene futhi ubone ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani izimiso ukuze uthuthukise ukugqwayiza kwakho. Mhlawumbe zama ukungeza u-squash bese welula kubalingiswa bakho, noma udlale ngesikhathi nesikhala ukuze udale umuzwa wesisindo nomfutho.

Kodwa nansi into. Awukwazi ukuvele uthembele ezimisweni zodwa. Kufanele ube nobuhlakani obuthile kanye nomcabango futhi! Sebenzisa izimiso njengesisekelo, kodwa ungesabi ukwephula imithetho bese uzama okuthile okusha. Uzokwenza kanjalo-ke ukugqwayiza kwakho kugqame.

Zijwayeze izimiso eziyi-12 zokugqwayiza ngokuzifunda, ukuzisebenzisa, bese uyephula. Kufana nokupheka ukudla okumnandi, kodwa ngabalingiswa bakho namafreyimu esikhundleni sezithako nezinongo.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke usunakho, izimiso ezingu-12 zopopayi ezisetshenziswe i-Disney nezinye izitudiyo eziningi ukudala ezinye zezinhlamvu ezikhumbuleka kakhulu nezigcawu emlandweni wopopayi.

Manje njengoba usuzazi lezi, ungazisebenzisa ukuze wenze owakho opopayi ufane nempilo futhi akholekeke.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.