Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyi-7 zokunyakaza kokumisa? Kuchazwe izindlela ezijwayelekile

ngo kim Kubuyekezwe: October 20, 2021

Ubuwazi ukuthi uma une-smartphone noma ikhamera yedijithali, ungaqala ukwenza eyakho ukuma kokunyakaza ifilimu?

Kunezinhlobo okungenani ezingu-7 zamasu avamile wokugqwayiza okunyakazayo ongakhetha kuzo.

Konke kuncike ekutheni uyathanda yini ukusebenzisa ubumba imidlwane, amathoyizi, nemifanekiso, noma ukhetha ukwenza izinhlamvu zakho ngephepha (funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlamvu ezinyakazayo lapha).

Ungakwazi ngisho nokucela abantu ukuthi babe abadlali kumavidiyo akho anyakazayo.

Izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zokugqwayiza komnyakazo yizi:

• into-ukunyakaza
• izithombe zobumba (noma ukubumba)
• i-legomation
• upopayi wopopayi
• izithombe ze-silhouette
• pixilation
• cutout izithombe

Lezi zindlela zokugqwayiza zinento eyodwa efanayo: kufanele udubule ifremu ngayinye ngokuhlukana bese uhambisa abalingiswa bakho ngokunyuka okuncane, bese udlala izithombe uzibuyisele emuva ukuze udale inkohliso yokunyakaza.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, ngabelana ngakho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nendlela ngayinye yokunyakaza kokumisa ukuze wenze ifilimu yakho yokuqala yokumisa ekhaya.

Futhi funda: Iyiphi impahla oyidingayo yokugqwayiza kokumisa ukunyakaza?

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezingu-7 ezidume kakhulu zokunyakaza kokumisa?

Ake sibheke 7 izinhlobo misa izithombe ezinyakazayo nokuthi zidalwe kanjani.

Ngizoxoxa ngamanye amasu wokugqwayiza onyakazayo angena kusitayela ngasinye.

Opopayi bento enyakazayo

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-opopayi enyakazayo, lolu hlobo lokugqwayiza lubandakanya ukunyakaza nokugqwayiza kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Lokhu akudwetshiwe noma kuboniswe futhi kungaba izinto ezifana namathoyizi, onodoli, amabhlogo wokwakha, imifanekiso, izinto zasendlini, njll.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ukugqwayiza kwento kulapho uhambisa izinto ngokunyuka okuncane kuhlaka ngalunye bese uthatha izithombe ongazidlala kamuva ukuze udale lokho kukhohlisa kokunyakaza.

Ungadala kakhulu ngokugqwayiza kwento ngoba ungadala izindaba ezijabulisayo nganoma iyiphi into onayo.

Isibonelo, ungaphila imicamelo emibili njengoba ihamba esofeni, noma izimbali nezihlahla.

Nasi isibonelo esifushane sokugqwayiza kwento enyakazayo kusetshenziswa izinto zasendlini eziyisisekelo:

Ukugqwayiza kwento kuvamile ngoba awudingi ukuba namakhono okwenza ifilimu futhi ungenza ifilimu usebenzisa indlela eyisisekelo yokugqwayiza kokumisa ukunyakaza.

Izithombe zobumba

I-clay animation empeleni ibizwa ngokuthi i-claymation futhi kunjalo uhlobo oludume kakhulu lokugqwayiza komnyakazo wokumisa. Isho ukunyakaza nokugqwayiza kobumba noma izibalo ze-plasticine kanye nezakhi zangemuva.

Opopayi bahambisa izibalo zobumba kuhlaka ngalunye, bese bathwebula izithombe zopopayi onyakazayo.

Imifanekiso yobumba nonodoli babunjwa besuka ohlotsheni lobumba oluguquguqukayo futhi baqondiswa njengamamodeli asetshenziselwa ukugqwayiza kopopayi.

Zonke izibalo zobumba ezilungisekayo zibunjwa kuhlaka ngalunye, bese ukumisa izithombe ezinyakazayo kuthwebula zonke izigcawu zamafilimu esici.

Uma ubukile Inkukhu Run, usuzibonile izithombe zobumba ezinyakazayo.

Uma kuziwa ekwenzeni amafilimu esici se-stop motion animation, ubumba, i-plasticine, nezinhlamvu ze-play-doh kulula ukuzisebenzisa ngoba ungazisebenzisa zibe cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo noma isimo.

Kwamanye amafilimu, njengeThe Neverhood, abapopayi basebenzisa insimbi yensimbi (uhlaka lwamathambo) base bebeka ubumba phezulu ukuze benze onodoli baqine.

Ukugqwayiza kobumba lwe-Freeform

Kule nqubo yokugqwayiza, ukwakheka kobumba kushintsha kakhulu phakathi nokuqhubeka kokugqwayiza. Kwesinye isikhathi abalingiswa abagcini isimo esifanayo.

U-Eli Noyes ungumenzi wopopayi odumile owasebenzisa le ndlela yokunyakaza kokumisa emafilimini akhe afakiwe.

Kwezinye izikhathi, ukugqwayiza kobumba lomlingiswa kungashintshashintsha okusho ukuthi abalingiswa bagcina "ubuso" obubonakalayo ngesikhathi sokudutshulwa konke, ngaphandle kokushintsha ubumba.

Isibonelo esihle salokhu singabonakala kumafilimu e-stop motion ka-Will Vinton.

Umdwebo wobumba

Kukhona enye indlela yokunyakaza ye-clay animation ebizwa ngokuthi imidwebo yobumba. Kuyinhlanganisela ephakathi kokugqwayiza kokunyakaza kokuma kwendabuko kanye nesitayela esidala esibizwa ngokuthi i-flat animation.

Kule nqubo, ubumba lubekwa endaweni eyisicaba bese i-animator ishintsha futhi iluhambise endaweni eyisicaba njengokungathi upenda ngamafutha amanzi.

Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokugcina umdwebo wobumba, olingisa isitayela semidwebo yendabuko eyenziwe ngamafutha.

Ukuncibilika kobumba

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamasu wokugqwayiza onyakazayo afaka ubumba.

Ngopopayi oncibilika ubumba, ama-animators asebenzisa umthombo wokushisa ukuze ancibilikise ubumba ohlangothini noma ngaphansi. Njengoba iconsa futhi incibilika, ikhamera yopopayi isethwe kusethingi yokudlula isikhathi futhi ifilimu yonke inqubo kancane.

Uma wenza lolu hlobo lwe-stop motion movie, indawo yokuthwebula ibizwa ngokuthi isethi eshisayo ngoba yonke into ishisa futhi izwela isikhathi. Ezinye izigcawu lapho ubuso babalingisi buncibilika khona kumele zidutshulwe ngokushesha.

Futhi, uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha kusethi, lingashintsha isimo sobuso somfanekiso wobumba nokuma komzimba ngakho yonke into kufanele yenziwe kabusha futhi lokho kuthatha umsebenzi omningi!

Uma ufisa ukubona lolu hlobo lwesu lokugqwayiza lusebenza, bheka I-Will Vinton's Closed Mondays (1974):

Lolu hlobo lokugqwayiza lobumba lusetshenziselwa kuphela izigcawu ezithile noma izinhlaka zemuvi.

Legomation / brickfilms

I-Legomation kanye nama-brickfilms abhekisela kusitayela sokugqwayiza komnyakazo lapho yonke ifilimu yenziwa kusetshenziswa izingcezu ze-LEGO®, izitini, imifanekiso, nezinye izinhlobo zamathoyizi ebhilidi wokwakha afanayo.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ukugqwayiza kwezinhlamvu zezitini ze-Lego noma amabhulokhi e-Mega futhi kudume kakhulu phakathi kwezingane nama-animators asekhaya ayimfundamakhwela.

Ifilimu yokuqala yezitini yenziwa ngo-1973 ngabathwebuli bezithombe baseDenmark uLars C. Hassing noHenrik Hassing.

Ezinye izitudiyo zopopayi ezichwepheshile zisebenzisa izibalo zesenzo nezinhlamvu ezihlukene ezenziwe ngezitini ze-Lego.

Isibonelo sefilimu ye-lego edumile uchungechunge lwe-Robot Chicken, esebenzisa abalingisi be-lego kanye nezibalo zezenzo ezihlukahlukene nonodoli bomdlalo wabo wamahlaya.

I-Brickfilm stop motion animation iwuhlobo oludumile oluhlekisa ngesiko le-pop ngalaba balingisi be-lego ababukeka njengenqaba. Ungathola iziketi eziningi ku-Youtube ezenziwe kusetshenziswa izitini ze-lego.

Bheka Isiqephu Sokuhlukana Kwejele Le-Lego kule-Youtube LEGO Land edumile:

Isibonelo sesimanje sokuthi basebenzisa kanjani isethi eyenziwe ngezitini zokwakha ze-lego kanye nezithombe ze-lego ukuze bagqwayize.

I-Lego animation ivamise ukudalwa ngamathoyizi omkhiqizo we-Lego angempela nezitini zokwakha kodwa ungasebenzisa namanye amathoyizi okwakha futhi uzothola umphumela ofanayo.

Ifilimu yangempela ye-Lego Movie ayiwona upopayi onyakazayo weqiniso ngenxa yokuthi iyinhlanganisela ehlanganisa ukunyakaza kokuma nezindlela ezisetshenziselwa amafilimu apopayi akhiqizwe ngekhompuyutha.

Upopayi wopopayi

Uma ucabanga ngamafilimu anyakazayo opopayi, ungase ucabange ukuthi ngikhuluma ngalawo ma-marionette, aphakanyiswe yizintambo.

Lokhu kwakujwayele ukuba yinsakavukela osukwini, kodwa upopayi wopopayi ubhekisela ekuhambeni kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zopopayi.

Labo onodoli abaphakanyiswe izintambo kunzima ukuthwebula ngoba udinga ukukhipha izintambo kuhlaka uma uhlela.

Upopayi onolwazi lokumisa ukunyakaza angabhekana neyunithi yezinhlamvu futhi azihlele azikhiphe.

Ukuze uthole indlela yesimanjemanje, ama-animators azomboza i-armature ngobumba bese begqokisa unodoli. Lokhu kuvumela ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwezintambo.

Ngokuya ngamasu opopayi asetshenzisiwe, abapopayi bazosebenzisa opopayi abavamile balabo abanohlaka lwamathambo. Lokhu kuvumela ama-animators ukuthi ashintshe isimo sobuso bomlingisi ngokushesha futhi angakwazi nokulawula ubuso ngaleyo rigi.

Upopayi wopopayi, ukugqwayiza kwemodeli, nokugqwayiza kwento kusetshenziswa onodoli ngokuvamile kubhekisela entweni efanayo. Abanye baze babize i-claymation ngokuthi i-puppet animation.

Ngokuyisisekelo, uma usebenzisa unodoli, i-marionette, unodoli, noma ithoyizi lesenzo njengomlingiswa wakho, ungawubiza ngokuthi i-puppet animation.

Ama-Puppetoons

I-puppetoon iwuhlobo oluncane futhi oluhlukile lokugqwayiza komnyakazo wokuma lapho abapopayi besebenzisa uchungechunge lwamaphaphethi esikhundleni sikanodoli owodwa nje.

Ngakho-ke, banochungechunge lwamaphaphethi anesimo sobuso esihlukahlukene kanye neminyakazo esikhundleni sokuthi baqhubeke benyakazisa unodoli oyedwa kuhlaka ngalunye njengoba benza ngomnyakazo ovamile wokuma.

UJasper kanye ne-Haunted House (1942) ingelinye lamafilimu ahamba phambili opopayi aphuma ku-studio seParamount Pictures:

Kunamanye amafilimu amaningi amafushane asebenzisa isitayela se-puppetoon.

Izithombe ze-Silhouette

Lolu hlobo lokugqwayiza lubandakanya ukugqwayiza ukusikwa kokukhanyisa kwangemuva. Ungabona kuphela ama-silhouette omlingiswa amnyama.

Ukuze kuzuzwe lo mphumela, ama-animators azochaza ukusikwa kwekhadibhodi (ama-silhouette) ngokukhanyisa ngemuva.

I-animator isebenzisa ishidi elimhlophe elincanyana futhi ibeka opopayi nezinto ngemuva kwalelo shidi. Khona-ke, ngosizo lwe-backlight, i-animator ikhanyisa izithunzi eshidini.

Uma amafreyimu amaningi esedlaliwe, amasilhouette abonakala ehamba ngemuva kwekhethini elimhlophe noma ishidi futhi lokhu kudala imiphumela emihle yokubuka.

Ngokuvamile, upopayi we-silhouette ishibhile ukuwuthwebula futhi ngobuhlakani obuncane, ungakha izindaba ezinhle.

Amasu okunyakaza okumisa i-Silhouette athuthukiswe ngeminyaka yawo-1980s ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-CGI. Ngokwesibonelo, kwakungaleyo minyaka eyishumi lapho umphumela kaGenesise waqala khona ngempela. Yayisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa izindawo ezimangalisayo.

Upopayi okhanyayo nesithunzi wuhlobo oluncane lokugqwayiza kwe-silhouette futhi lubandakanya ukudlala nxazonke ngokukhanya ukuze udale izithunzi.

Ukudlala ngethunzi kuyajabulisa uma usujwayele ukuhambisa izinto ngemuva kwekhethini.

Futhi, usebenzisa ama-cutouts wephepha njengoba amamodeli akho angaphonsa izithunzi noma ukukhanya kuwo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zibeke phakathi komthombo wakho wokukhanya nendawo ophonsa kuyo isithunzi.

Uma ufuna ukubona amafilimu amafushane we-silhouette, ungabheka i-Seddon Visuals, ikakhulukazi ividiyo emfushane enesihloko esithi Ibhokisi Lethunzi:

Pixilation izithombe

Lolu hlobo lokugqwayiza komnyakazo lunzima kakhulu futhi ludla isikhathi. Kubandakanya ukunyakaza nokugqwayiza kwabalingisi abangabantu.

Ngendlela ye-pixilation (engiyichaza ngokugcwele lapha) , awuqophi, futhi esikhundleni salokho, thatha izinkulungwane zezithombe zabalingisi bakho abangabantu.

Ngakho-ke, akufani nesithombe esinyakazayo sakudala futhi esikhundleni salokho, abalingisi kufanele banyakaze kuphela i-smidge kulo lonke uhlaka.

Njengoba ungacabanga, kubuhlungu futhi udinga isineke esikhulu ukuze uthwebule zonke izithombe ozidingayo ngefilimu.

Abalingisi ababukhoma kufanele babe nokulawula okwedlulele ezenzweni nasekunyakazeni kwabo futhi abafani nabalingiswa abayisicaba ekusikweni, isibonelo.

Isibonelo esihle sefilimu ye-pixilation yi-Hand Animation:

Lapha, ungabona abalingisi benyakazisa izandla zabo ngokunensa kakhulu ukuze bakhe imuvi.

Ukugqwayiza okusikiwe

Ukunyakaza kokumisa okusikiwe kumayelana nokugqwayiza nokunyakazayo kwephepha nezinto ezingama-2D ezifana nekhadibhodi. Kulesi sitayela sopopayi sendabuko, izinhlamvu eziyisicaba ziyasetshenziswa.

Ngaphandle kwephepha nekhadibhodi, ungasebenzisa indwangu, ngisho nezithombe noma ukusikwa komagazini.

Isibonelo esihle sokugqwayiza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi yi-Ivor the Engine. Buka isigcawu esifushane lapha bese usiqhathanisa nokugqwayiza okudalwe ngosizo lwezithombe zekhompyutha:

I-animation ilula kakhulu kodwa i-stop motion animator esebenza ekunqamuleni kuzodingeka yenze amahora amaningi wokuqamba nokusebenza.

Ubuwazi ukuthi uchungechunge lwangempela lweSouth Park lwenziwa kusetshenziswa amamodeli wephepha namakhadibhodi? Isitudiyo sishintshe indlela yokugqwayiza yaba ngamakhompyutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ekuqaleni, kwasetshenziswa amafreyimu athathwe ngabanye abalingiswa. Ngakho-ke, izinhlamvu zephepha ezincane zathwetshulwa phezulu futhi zahamba kancane kuhlaka ngalunye, ngaleyo ndlela zakha inkohliso yokuthi ziyahamba.

Ekuqaleni, iphepha le-2D nekhadibhodi kungase kubonakale kuyisicefe, kodwa ukugqwayiza kwe-cutout kuhle ngoba ungenza ukusika kunemininingwane eminingi.

Ubunzima bokugqwayiza kwe-cutout ukuthi kufanele usike amakhulu ezingcezu zephepha futhi lokhu kuyinqubo ende edinga umsebenzi omningi wezandla nekhono lobuciko, ngisho nefilimu emfushane kakhulu.

Izitayela zokugqwayiza kokunyakaza kokumisa okuhlukile

Izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa ze-stop motion animation engisanda kuxoxa ngazo yizona ezivame kakhulu.

Nokho, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezengeziwe ezihluke kakhulu kumafilimu athile anyakazayo, ngeke ngiwafake njengezinhlobo zopopayi ezifinyeleleka emphakathini obanzi.

Amasu anjalo asetshenziswa kakhulu izitudiyo zopopayi ezichwepheshile ezinebhajethi enkulu kanye nabagqwayizi abanekhono nabahleli.

Kodwa, kufanelekile ukusho, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna isithombe esigcwele.

Amamodeli wokugqwayiza

Lolu hlobo lokumisa ukunyakaza lufana nokubumba futhi ungasebenzisa amamodeli obumba kodwa ngokuyisisekelo, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemodeli lungasetshenziswa. Isitayela futhi singashintshaniswa nokugqwayiza kopopayi. Kodwa, wukuthatha kwesimanjemanje kokugqwayiza kwendabuko.

Le nqubo ihlanganisa izithombe zesenzo esibukhoma kanye indlela efanayo ne-stop motion claymation ukudala inkohliso yokulandelana kwenganekwane.

Ukugqwayiza kwemodeli ngokuvamile akukona ukugqwayiza kwesici esiphelele, kodwa kuyingxenye yefilimu yesenzo esibukhoma sangempela.

Uma ufuna ukubona le ndlela yokugqwayiza, bheka amafilimu afana ne-Kubo ne-Tring String, noma u-Shaun the Sheep.

Penda izithombe

Lolu hlobo lopopayi lwaduma lapho ifilimu ethi Loving Vincent iphuma ngo-2017.

Isu lidinga abadwebi ukuthi benze isethi yemidwebo. Endabeni yefilimu, ifana nesitayela sokudweba sikaVincent Van Gogh.

Nayi i-trailer yefilimu ukukunikeza umbono:

Izinkulungwane zamafreyimu kufanele zidwetshwe ngesandla futhi lokhu kuthatha iminyaka ukuqedwa ukuze lesi sitayela sokunyakaza kokumisa singathandwa kakhulu. Abantu kungenzeka kakhulu basebenzise izithombe ezikhiqizwe ngekhompuyutha kunopopayi bepende.

Opopayi besihlabathi nokusanhlamvu

Ukudubula izinkulungwane zamafreyimu kunzima ngokwanele ngezinto ezingadwetshiwe kakade, kodwa ake ucabange kufanele uthwebule isihlabathi nokusanhlamvu okufana nerayisi, ufulawa, noshukela!

Into mayelana nokugqwayiza kwesihlabathi nokusanhlamvu ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukudala ukulandisa okuthakazelisayo noma okujabulisayo, futhi esikhundleni salokho, ifilimu ebonakalayo neyobuciko.

I-animation yesihlabathi iwubuciko futhi udinga ngempela ukusebenzisa ukucabanga kwakho kobuciko ukuze uyiguqule ibe indaba.

Udinga ukuba nendawo evundlile ukuze udwebe isigcawu sakho usebenzisa isihlabathi noma okusanhlamvu bese wenza izinguquko ezincane futhi uthathe izinkulungwane zezithombe. Kungumsebenzi onzima futhi odla isikhathi ku-animator.

U-Eli Noyes udale ividiyo enyakazayo yokumisa ethokozisayo enesihloko esithi 'Sandman' futhi wonke upopayi wenziwa ngezinhlamvu zesihlabathi.

Ibheke:

Iluphi uhlobo oludume kakhulu lokunyakaza kokumisa?

Uma abantu abaningi becabanga ngokugqwayiza kokumisa, bacabanga ngopopayi bobumba abafana nabalingiswa be-Wallace & Gromit.

I-Claymation iwuhlobo oludume kakhulu lokunyakaza kokumisa futhi futhi olubonakala kakhulu.

Opopayi bebesebenzisa imifanekiso ye-plasticine neyobumba ukuze baphile abalingiswa abajabulisayo ikhulunyaka manje.

Abanye abalingiswa abaziwayo bayathusa, njengalabo abasefilimu yobumba Izigigaba zikaMark Twain.

Kuleyo filimu, banokubukeka okunyantisayo futhi lokhu kufakazela nje ukuthi ubumba buguquguquka kanjani futhi kukhombisa ukuthi yini ongayenza ngesimo sobuso sabalingiswa bobumba.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma usuqale ukusebenza ngefilimu noma ividiyo yakho yokugqwayiza enyakazayo, uzobona maduze ukuthi maningi amathuba futhi ungazama ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto futhi umise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinyakazayo ukuze udale imuvi enhle kakhulu!

Ukuthi ukhetha ukusebenza ngamaphaphethi obumba, izibalo zesenzo, izitini ze-lego, opopayi bezintambo, iphepha, noma ukukhanya, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela amafreyimu akho kusenesikhathi.

Ukusebenzisa ikhamera yakho ye-DSLR noma ifoni, qala ukuthwebula izinkulungwane zezithombe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unezithombe ezanele zamafilimu akho!

Ungabese usebenzisa isofthiwe yekhompuyutha futhi umise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinyakazayo ukuze wenze ukuhlela futhi uhlanganise zonke izithombe zokugqwayiza okubukeka kahle.

Sawubona, nginguKim, umama kanye nomshisekeli we-stop-motion onesizinda ekudalweni kwemidiya nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Nginothando olukhulu lokudweba nokugqwayiza, futhi manje sengingena ngekhanda emhlabeni onyakazayo. Ngebhulogi yami, ngabelana ngezifundo zami nani bafana.