Bokosi la Nkhani: Kodi Mukupanga Mafilimu Ndi Chiyani?

pa kim Zasinthidwa: June 26, 2022

Nkhani zowonera ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu, zomwe zimalola opanga mafilimu kukonzekera zowonera zawo nthawi yayitali asanayambe kupanga. Zolemba zankhani zimakhala ngati a dongosolo la kupanga konse, kuchokera ku pre-production kupita ku post-production, ndipo ndi njira yabwino yowonetsetsera kusasinthasintha pazomwe zimajambulidwa.

M’nkhani ino, tifotokoza mmene kulemba nthano n’kofunika, mmene kumagwirira ntchito, ndiponso ubwino wake kwa opanga mafilimu.

Tanthauzo la bolodi lankhani

Bokosi lankhani ndi chifaniziro cha filimu yotsatizana ndi momwe chochitikacho chidzawomberedwe. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zojambula kapena zithunzi, zokonzedwa pamodzi ndi zolembedwa script, zomwe zimapanga mafelemu ofunikira pakuwombera kulikonse. Chojambulacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yokonzekera kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse zimabwera pamodzi bwino. Izi zimachepetsanso kusamvana kulikonse komwe kungakhalepo pakati pa opanga mafilimu, komanso kuwathandiza kukonzekera bajeti ndi nthawi.

Zojambulajambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri makanema ojambula pamanja, kanema wawayilesi, kutsatsa malonda ndi makanema owonetsa. Zitha kuphatikizirapo zojambulajambula kapena kukhala zithunzi zamitundu yonse zokhala ndi mawu. Cholinga cha bolodi la nthano ndikupangitsa opanga mafilimu kumvetsetsa bwino momwe chiwonetsero chilichonse chidzawonekera pazithunzi ndikuwathandiza kudziwa momwe angapangire masomphenya awo kukhala amoyo pogwiritsa ntchito makamera osiyanasiyana, kuyatsa, zowongolera ndi zinthu zina.

Zigawo za Storyboard

Bokosi lankhani ndi chida chofunikira chowonera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafilimu ndi makanema. Ndi mndandanda wazithunzi kapena zithunzi zomwe zimawonetsa momwe a nkhani idzawonekera pazenera. Bokosi la nthano limaphatikizapo zambiri za chochitika chilichonse, kuphatikizapo dongosolo la zochitika, zochitika, zokambirana, ndi maonekedwe ndi momwe akumvera.

Tiyeni tiwone tsatanetsatane wa gawo lililonse la bolodi lankhani:

zithunzi

Zithunzi zojambulidwa pazithunzi ndizo maziko a cholembera chankhani, ndipo chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi chidziŵitso chokwanira kufotokoza zimene zidzasonyezedwe panthaŵi inayake ya filimuyo. Kutengera mulingo watsatanetsatane womwe ukufunika, zochitika zina zitha kukhala ndi zojambula ziwiri zokha, monga chojambula cha nkhope ya munthu pamwamba pa malongosoledwe olembedwa. Zithunzi zina zingaphatikizepo zambiri ngati kuli kofunikira, monga mafotokozedwe a anthu ndi maonekedwe (monga mitundu ya zovala kapena seti).

Nthawi zambiri, chiwonetsero chilichonse chazithunzi chimapangidwa kuti chikhale choyimira mwadongosolo chomwe chidzachitike pakujambula. Zithunzizi zimatha kukhala ndi zojambula za pensulo ndi/kapena zithunzi kuti zipereke chithunzithunzi cholondola cha zomwe zidzachitike pakuwombera kulikonse. Zithunzi ndi zithunzizi zisakhale zongosonyeza mafelemu paokha, komanso zikuyenera kukhala ndi zolemba zokhuza kayendetsedwe kake, zochita ndi cholinga chonse.

Kuti mupereke zina zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi nthawi yomwe kuwombera chithunzi chilichonse chikuchitika molingana ndi zina, ndikofunikira:

• Perekani manambala kapena zilembo pachithunzi chilichonse kuti muzitha kulumikizana mosavuta ikafika nthawi yosintha.
• Lembani za kayendedwe, zochita ndi cholinga chonse.

otchulidwa

Anthu ali pamtima pa nkhani iliyonse. Ndi kudzera mwa anthu omwe amapangidwa pamapepala ndikupatsidwa moyo pazithunzi pomwe owonera amakhala ndi mwayi wolumikizana ndi filimu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira zambiri zopangira nthano zimalimbikitsa kuyamba ndi otchulidwa, momwe adayambira, komanso zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti ayambe ulendo wofotokozera. Ndikofunikiranso kuganizira ngati otchulidwawo ali ngati a chitetezo kapena wotsutsa mufilimu yanu.

Kuphatikiza pa kupanga ziwerengero zamagulu atatu, mukufunanso kuganizira momwe nkhanizi zingafotokozedwere thupi or maonekedwe a nkhope. Ndi zaluso zodziwika bwino monga makanema ojambula, ntchito yovuta iyi yomasulira malingaliro itha kukhala yosavuta kamangidwe ka khalidwe -mwina kusonyeza nyengo kapena kalembedwe kake. Monga gawo lopanga anthu oti azitha kujambula nthano, zitha kuthandiza kuwawona m'magulu osiyanasiyana monga achibale kapena abwenzi apamtima omwe amakhudza zochita za anzawo pakapita nthawi.

Pamene mukuchita izi, mukhoza kufotokoza makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe omwe amachititsa omvera anu mverani chisoni ndi otchulidwa, pomwe mwina kusagwirizana ndi otsutsa-kulimbitsa mwamphamvu mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhani yanu panjira.

Kukambiranako

Dialogue ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za nthano yopambana. Imafotokoza nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane popanda kuwonetsa pazenera. Limafotokoza zonse zomwe zimachitika munthu akamalankhula ndikuwulula ubale wa anthu awiri kapena kuposerapo. Kukambitsirana kumapereka malingaliro, kamvekedwe ndi momwe chochitika chimapitira patsogolo, kaya chimachokera mkangano kapena kusinthana kosangalatsa. Ikuwonetsanso zomwe zidachitika kale kapena zomwe zingabwerebe. Kukambitsirana kwabwino kumatha kubweretsa moyo ku kanema ndikupangitsa owonerera kumva ngati ali muzochitika ndi otchulidwa m'malo mongowonera zomwe zikuchitika papulatifomu.

Chifukwa chake, popanga bolodi lankhani, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zonse zogwirizana zokambirana kuti chiwonetsero chilichonse chiwonetsetse kuti kulumikizana konse pakati pazithunzi ndi zilembo zakhazikitsidwa moyenera.

malo

Malo amatenga gawo lofunikira pakupanga makanema ndikupanga gawo lazolemba zankhani. Amathandizira kuyika kamvekedwe ka mawu ndi momwe akumvera kwa omvera, ndikuzindikira komwe chochitika chidzachitikira. Pojambula malo omwe ali pa bolodi la nkhani, ayenera kuwoneka ngati zenizeni, ndikuganiziranso kuyatsa, ma angles a kamera ndi malingaliro ena okhudzana nawo.

Malo akhoza kukhala mkati kapena kunja kutengera mawonekedwe omaliza omwe akufuna wotsogolera. Kujambula kwa mzere wosavuta ndikokwanira kuzindikira bwino malo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pa sitepe iliyonse panthawi yojambula. Ndikofunikira kuphatikiziranso zina zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi malo awa monga zodzikongoletsera, zokongoletsa kapena china chilichonse chomwe chimawonjezera moyo kumbuyo kwanu!

Ubwino Wolemba Nkhani

Nkhani zowonera ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri popanga mafilimu. Imapatsa opanga mafilimu njira yolongosoka yowonera filimu yawo, kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto. Zimathandizira opanga mafilimu kukonzekera zochitika, zokambirana, ndi kanema wa kanema zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta komanso imawapatsa mawonekedwe onse a filimuyo.

Tiyeni tiwone ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito njirayi:

Kuwona Nkhani

Nkhani zowonera ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mafilimu opambana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powonera zochitika za nkhaniyo ndikukonzekera zojambulazo kuti filimuyo ikhoze kuwombera mofulumira komanso moyenera. Izi zimathandiza kusunga nthawi, ndalama, ndi kuchepetsa mutu pambuyo kupanga. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa bolodi kumapangitsanso otsogolera kuti afotokoze bwino masomphenya awo kwa anthu ena ogwira ntchito panthawi yokonzekera komanso pamene akukonzekera. Bokosi lankhani lingathandize kupanga mapu a njira yonse yopangira ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti aliyense azigwira ntchito.

Ubwino wopanga nthano ndi wochuluka, koma nazi zina mwazabwino zake:

• Zothandizira kumvetsetsa: Pojambula chojambula chilichonse muzithunzi zazithunzi, aliyense wokhudzidwa adzamvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikuchitika pachithunzi chilichonse.
• Zimatsimikizira kumveka bwino: Maonekedwe a kalembedwe amatsimikizira kuti aliyense akugwira ntchito kuchokera ku mtundu wolondola wa zomwe wotsogolera amalingalira pa kuwombera kulikonse.
• Amachepetsa chisokonezo: Ndi mawonekedwe ake osavuta a zojambulajambula, anthu amatha kuzindikira mwachangu zomwe zikubwera popanda kuwerenga midadada kapena kufunsa mafunso panthawi yonse yopanga.
• Imapulumutsa nthawi: Pokonzekera zinthu zonse (zochita, kayendedwe ka kamera ndi zina zotero) kujambula kusanayambe padzakhala zongopeka pang'ono panthawi yojambula zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yocheperapo iwonongeke pakukonzekera kapena kuwomberanso chifukwa cha kusamvana kapena chisokonezo pa mfundo zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale.
• Amabwereketsa kukhulupirika: Kukhala ndi chithunzithunzi chokwanira kumawonjezera kukhulupirika ku polojekiti yanu ndipo kumalimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa ogwira nawo ntchito omwe amamvetsetsa udindo wawo kuti achite bwino limodzi.

Kulankhula Bwino

Kulemba nkhani kungathandize kukonza kulankhulana pakati pa opanga mafilimu, ochita zisudzo ndi ogwira nawo ntchito. Poyang'ana zolemba ndi malingaliro ndi zithunzi, aliyense amene akugwira nawo ntchito yopanga mafilimu amatha kumvetsetsa nkhaniyo mosavuta, zochitika ndi mphindi iliyonse yochitapo kanthu. Popanda chithandizo chowonekerachi, kusagwirizana kungathe kuchitika kuchokera ku polojekiti kupita ku polojekiti kapena kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo chifukwa chakuti ena sangadziwe kapena samvetsetsa mawu ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba komanso panthawi yopanga. Kukhala ndi bolodi m'malo mwake kumapangitsa kuti aliyense wokhudzidwa athe kufika patsamba limodzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kumvetsetsa kwa aliyense kumagwirizana.

Kulemba nthano kumathandizanso omwe akukhudzidwa kuti amvetsetse bwino nthawi ya zochitika pakuwombera kulikonse, zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pofotokozera kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe idzatengedwe ndi zochitika. Kuphatikiza apo, zolemba zankhani zimathandizanso kuonetsetsa kuti bajeti iliyonse imawerengedwa malinga ndi kukonzekera - monga ma props ndi malo zomwe zingafunike kufufuzidwa kapena kutumizidwa kujambula kusanayambe. Athanso kugwira ntchito ngati mfundo zazikulu ikafika nthawi yoti musinthe chomaliza chanu.

Kuchepetsa Mtengo Wopanga

Chimodzi mwazinthu zopindulitsa pakulemba nkhani ndikuchepetsa mtengo. Mtengo wopangira ukhoza kuchepetsedwa pamene cholembera chankhani chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera kupanga podziwiratu mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakupanga chisanadze. Kukonzekera kwakukulu komwe kumakhudzidwa pakupanga chojambula kumavumbula madera omwe angafunikire kusamalidwa, monga ma props, zotsatira zapadera ndi makonzedwe a kamera. Izi zimachepetsa kapena kuchotseratu masiku okwera mtengo kuwomberanso chifukwa cha zovuta ndi zosankha za prop, zotsatira zapadera ndi kuunikira komwe kumachitika pambuyo pojambula kale. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza zambiri zokonzekera kupanga filimu zimachitidwa isanayambe kujambula, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kumapangidwa tsiku lililonse panthawi yopanga - kupulumutsa ndalama pakukonza masiku ochepa kwambiri kapena ochulukirapo.

M'njira yosavuta kwambiri, bolodi lankhani limafotokoza zolembedwa ndi zithunzi za chochitika chilichonse ndi zokambirana zake, kusuntha kwa kamera ndi zinthu zina zopanga zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzitsatira panthawi yojambula popanda kuwononga nthawi kuyesa kudziwa zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika kenako. Zolemba zankhani zimachepetsanso kusagwirizana pakati pa mamembala a gulu panthawi yopanga popereka gwero limodzi kuti mamembala onse azitha kuyang'ana izi. imafotokoza ndendende zomwe ziyenera kuchitika m'ndandanda uliwonse.

Mapulani awa amakhalabe ngati zolembedwa zakale zomwe zitha kubwezedwa ngati kuli kofunikira panthawi yonse yachitukuko - kuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense ali ndi udindo ndi zolinga zawo panthawi yonse yopanga.

Storyboarding Process

Nkhani zowonera Ndi mmodzi wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga filimu. Zimathandiza otsogolera ndi ena opanga mafilimu kuti azitha kuwona mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko ya polojekiti ndikukonzekera zochitika zonse. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kufotokozera nkhani yonse kwa osewera ndi ogwira nawo ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, kujambula nkhani kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wamavidiyo kapena makanema, mosasamala kukula kwake.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane pa storyboarding ndondomeko:

Kulingalira

Kamodzi script kapena mankhwala alembedwa, a Bolodi la nkhani limafotokoza zinthu zooneka za chochitika chilichonse. Kulemba nkhani ndi njira yabwino yokonzera mayendedwe a filimu yanu ndikusintha kusintha kulikonse komwe kukufunika kupangidwa musanayambe kujambula.

Njirayi imayamba ndi kuganiza mozama kwa kuwombera ndi kuwapanga iwo mu Wopanga Nkhani. Brainstorming imalola wolemba nkhani kuti apeze njira zothetsera mavuto omwe amawonekera mkati mwa filimu yawo posaganizira zomwe ziyenera kuwonedwa komanso. momwe otchulidwa akuyenera kupitilira muzithunzi, pomwe ochita sewero ayenera kuyimilira ndi momwe kamvekedwe ka mawu kamvekedwe ndi zida ndi mapangidwe. Malingaliro oyambawa akapangidwa, amatha kuyendetsedwa ndikusinthidwa momwe angafunikire mpaka atagwirizana ndi masomphenya a wolemba nkhaniyo.

Pambuyo pofotokozera ndondomeko, otsogolera angagwiritse ntchito ma angles a kamera, zizindikiro zakuya ndi njira zopangira mafelemu kuti abweretse zochitika zawo zamoyo - zonse zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kukonzekera kudzera muzithunzithunzi zatsatanetsatane pasadakhale. Popenda nthawi zonse mapepala awo a nthano asanajambule chochitika chilichonse, opanga mafilimu adzamvetsetsa bwino momwe kuwombera kwawo kudzayenderana ikafika nthawi yokonza.

Otsogolera okonzekera bwino amachokera pachiyambi - kugwiritsira ntchito mfundo zofunika monga ma angles a kamera ndi kuwombera zida panthawi yokonzekera - kupanga bwino pambuyo pake kudzayenda ikafika nthawi yoti muphatikize zonse pamodzi mu studio ya kanema.

Kujambula

Pa siteji yojambula zithunzi, lingaliro la filimuyo lagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Kuwombera kulikonse komwe kumafunikira kufotokoza nkhaniyo kumajambulidwa ndikupangidwa patsamba losiyana m'buku lankhani. Kugwiritsa zolembera zokhuthala, mapensulo owonda kapena mitundu yowoneka bwino, zojambulajambula zimajambulidwa kuti zisonyeze zimene zidzachitike m’gawo la filimu yanuyi.

Ojambula pa bolodi atha kujambula otchulidwa, ma props ndi ma autilaini omwe amagwirizana ndi nthawiyo, pomwe amathanso kuwonetsa chilichonse. zotsatira zapadera mukufuna kuphatikizidwa muzochitika zanu. Kukhala ndi chithunzi cha kuwombera kulikonse mufilimu yanu kumathandiza kwambiri ikafika nthawi yowombera.

Kubwereza

Nkhaniyo ikamalizidwa, wojambulayo azipereka kwa kasitomala, yemwe angapemphe kusintha. Panthawi imeneyi, mfundo zazikuluzikulu zitha kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwa - zolimbikitsa zamakhalidwe ndikuyenda nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa. Ngati chochitika sichikuwonetsa bwino zomwe zikufunika pankhaniyi kapena zikuwoneka zodzaza kapena zosokoneza, zitha kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwanso. Chofunika ndi chakuti aliyense amene akukhudzidwa awonetsetse kuti mapeto akuwonetsa zomwe zili m'maganizo mwawo.

Mukamakonzanso kabokosi kankhani, ganizirani kupanga kusintha kosawoneka bwino m'malo mokulira. Ngakhale gawo silinali lolondola 100% zomwe wotsogolera akufuna, zosintha zazing'ono zitha kuthandizira kutulutsa masomphenya awo omwe akufuna popanda kuyamba kuyambira pomwe. Ndikofunikiranso kuganizira zochotsa zowonera zomwe zili zosafunikira kuti omvera asasokonezeke - zochepa zingakhaledi zambiri!

Mwachitsanzo, ngati wotsogolera akufuna kutsindika kwambiri pa khalidwe limodzi koma sakufuna kuti chiwonetsero chilichonse chiziwonetsa iwo okha; Kuthetsa kuwombera ndi ena omwe akukuthandizani kungathandize kuwonetsa malingaliro atsopano ndikuwunikira maubwenzi omwe simunawazindikire - kukutsogolerani ku zisankho zanzeru. Zomwezo zimapitanso pakukonza nthawi yayitali; basi kufupikitsa mawonekedwe enaake Mutha kuwonjezera zowoneka mukadali munjira yanu yofotokozera. Kubwerezanso ndondomeko yanu yolembera nkhani sikunakhale kofunikira kwambiri kuti mupereke nkhani zowoneka bwino.

Kumaliza

Kumaliza bolodi kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri zazikulu: kufufuza zolondola ndi kupeza mayankho.

1. Pitani pa bolodi la nkhani kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zojambula zonse ndi zolondola potengera momwe akulowera, kuchuluka kwake, ndi mayendedwe. Onetsetsani kuti zojambula zapakati zimawonetsedwa bwino ndi kuyandikira pafupi kumapereka malingaliro kapena kukambirana. Onetsetsani kuti ngodya za kamera zikupereka mawonekedwe olondola ndikusintha momwe zingafunikire.
2. Ndikofunikira kukambirana bolodi lankhani ndi ogwira nawo ntchito omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kapena malingaliro owongolera. Kutengera ndi bajeti yanu, izi zitha kuphatikiza ochita sewero, ogwira nawo ntchito opanga, owongolera, kapenanso akatswiri ena monga opanga makanema ojambula omwe atha kupereka ndemanga pamayendedwe ndi kayendedwe. Limbikitsani kukambirana momasuka; Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo nthano, kupewa zolakwika zomwe zingachitike, kupulumutsa nthawi kapena ndalama pa seti kapena panthawi yosintha pomwe kusintha kungawononge ndalama zambiri. Mverani malingaliro koma khalani owongolera mwaluso kusintha komwe kumachitika; osasiya luso laukadaulo kuti musangalatse membala wa gulu ndi malingaliro otsutsana.

Kutsiliza

kukhala Bolodi la nkhani m'malo mwa chochitika chilichonse ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga filimu bwino. Zimapatsa ogwira ntchito mwayi wowonera filimuyo isanayambe kupanga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chomalizacho chikuwoneka mwaluso komanso chopukutidwa. Kuonjezera apo, kumawonjezera mphamvu pakati pa gulu ndikusunga ndalama mwa kuchepetsa kuyambiranso chifukwa cha kusamvana kapena zolakwika pakutanthauzira.

Njira yopangira chojambula imatha kuwoneka ngati ntchito yovuta, koma pochita, imatha kukhala yachiwiri kwa opanga mafilimu. Pazofunikira zake, kupanga bolodi lankhani ndikungotenga lingaliro ndikulisintha kukhala zithunzi zomwe munthu aliyense pazida amatha kutanthauzira. Pogawa lingalirolo kukhala zithunzi zapaokha ndikuziyika pamalo oyenera, opanga mafilimu amatha kuwona chithunzi chachikulu -- kwenikweni -- kuwapatsa chidziwitso pa zomwe mwina zinali zosatheka asanatulutse malingaliro awo owoneka.

Pamapeto pake, ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yokonzekera isanakwane imapindula; Akachita bwino, opanga mafilimu adayika zida zawo zonse zopanga kuti aliyense adziwe momwe gawo lawo likukhalira mkati mwa mgwirizanowu.

Moni, ndine Kim, mayi komanso wokonda kuyimitsa zoyenda komanso wodziwa zambiri pakupanga media komanso kakulidwe ka intaneti. Ndili ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chojambula ndi makanema ojambula, ndipo tsopano ndikudumphira molunjika kudziko loyimitsa. Ndi blog yanga, ndikugawana zomwe ndaphunzira ndi inu anyamata.